CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION TO INTERNSHIIP

Business familiarization is acquainting oneself with the various aspects of functioning

in a business organization largely referred to as companies or corporation. The many
functions that are carried out in a systematic manner to yield production and profit are
known as the Business. This project report entails the makers of the study to identify
the functions, processes and their need in business organization.

For the purpose of ease and simplicity to illustrate this methodology of business, the
manufacturing sector was chosen as it clearly defines start to finish functions involved
in a business organization.

In conclusion, this study clearly defines the input, output and outcome of the business,
whilst measuring the impact and profitability with the main ingredients of man,
material, machinery and money.

OBJECTIVES

 To get an overview of history of the Organization.

 To understand hierarchical structure of various departments.
 To get an overview of management in industry functions.
 To study the functions of various departments.
 To understand the process flow in each department
 To have an exposure to the working environment

SCOPE

The study has been conducted at UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY

PRODUCTS, B-132, Industrial Estate, Yadavagiri at Mysore which focuses on
acquiring knowledge regarding the functioning of various departments.

LIMITATIONS

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  The study is only pertaining UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY
PRODUCTS.
 The study is of purely academic interest, the inexperience makes the study less
precise then the professionals.
 Due to the time constraint it was not possible to conduct a detailed study. The
time element plays a significant role in our study. Study is based on the
perception of workers which may change over a period of time

Page 2
 CHAPTER- II
COMPANY PROFILE

An Introduction to UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS.

UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS is one of the Indian leaders in

manufacturing cold coiled springs being manufactured range from springs of wire
diameter 0.4mm to 10mm.

UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS Has exclusive facilities

which include several automatic machines, shot peening machines, quality testing,
and equipment spring and grinding machines, fly presses, air circulated electric
furnaces, lather etc.., to manufacture various type of springs. UNIVERSAL
AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS. has established a wide market for itself
with potential customers such as Tractor Industries, four wheels Break Assembly Unit
manufacturers, Defence Establishment ,Two Wheelers manufacturers, Manufacturers
of automobiles and Automobiles Ancillary and Railway Signalling products etc..,
UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS. Supplies its products only to
original equipment manufacturers.

UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS. has been receiving

encouragement as well as appreciation from its customers for its pursuit of extensive
quality assurance, total customers satisfaction and continuous improvement of its
product and services.

HISTORY OF THE COMPANY

Universal Automobile & Dairy Products was established in the year 1976 under the
partnership of three astute leaders namely H.R.Suryanarayan, Mr.SureshGowda and
H.R.Hiriyanna. With boundless determination and perseverance of the above three the
company has trudged the tortuous path to glorification.

ABOUT Universal Automobile & Dairy Products:

 Established in 1976.
 Supplier and Manufacturer of springs, Compression Spring, Tension Spring,
Torsion, Metal Springs.

NATURE OF THE BUSINESS:

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There are manufacturing precision on metallic coil springs such as,

1. Compression Springs
2. Torsion springs
3. Tension Springs
4. Spring wire spring
5. Shaped Spring
6. Variable pitched springs
7. Suspension Springs
8. Engine value springs
9. Rolling shutter springs

SPRING MANUFACTURED AT UADP:

Universal Automobile & Dairy Products is specialized in manufacturing of cold

coiled springs of various varieties starting from the springs of wire diameter 0.4mm to
12mm. It manufactures “Compression Springs, Torsion Springs Tension Springs,
Spring Wire Forms, Shaped Springs, Spring Washers, Variable Pitched Springs,
Rolling Shutters Springs, etc.”

VISION AND MISSION STATEMENT:

VISION

 To be the leader of all spring manufacturing company with good cutting edge
technology.

MISSION

 The mission of this company is to build value conscious and quality driven
and increase in turnover.
 Provide exceptional service and innovative products to the customers.

QUALITY POLICY

Quality policy is to supply good quality products at economical price to customers as

per their significance and delivery schedule to their satisfaction.

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UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS has good quality systems that
ensure supply of quality products. The quality control department undertakes many
quality control programs, such as incoming material inspection, in process inspection,
final inspection, in house calibration of gauges and measuring instruments, statistical
quality control studies and record keeping of above mentioned programs.

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Page 6
THE QUALITY PLANNING OF UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY
PRODUCTS:

UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS main aim is to satisfy the

customers in all the aspects. It striven and will strive hard to win the confidence of its
customers. Its service to the customers with regard to the consistency in the quality of
the product and in meeting the quality requirements and the schedule is widely
appreciated by its potential customers.

UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS has separate quality control

section which is highly devoted to ensure the conformity of the production of spring
to the quality requirements of the customers. It has modulated its quality control to
confirm to the quality requirement of each of its customers. It uses statistical quality
control techniques such as control chat studies, machine capability studies, FMEA
(FAILURE MODES AND EFFECTIVE ANALYSIS) etc., to make quality inherit in
the entire manufacturing systems. It undertakes measurement system analysis and
calibration of quality testing equipment regularly to maintain accuracy of the
measurements. It has adopted single sampling based on IS 2500 in quality control to
keep a close control the quality of the springs.

 Identification and acquisition of appropriates resources.

 Checking the feasibility of production.
 Preparation of quality/control plans FMEA for all special characters.
 Identification of required statistical techniques.

UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS, Purchase Department is

highly devoted to ensure the purchase of high quality raw materials in right time and
right quantity. The purchase Department along with the Quality Control Department
conducts Vendors/Sub-contractors performance evaluation periodically to investigate
the consistency in the quality and schedule of the supplies. If any discrepancies are
noticed then the purchase Department calls for frank discussion with the Vendors to
point out the areas of improvement and takes proper action based on the Vendors
efforts at improving the delivery performance.

Finally, UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS always wishes to

maintain cordial relationship with all of its customers.

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PRODUCTS AND SERVICES:

These are the products which are manufactured in UADP.

TYPES OF SPRINGS MANUFACTURING

There are manufacturing precision on metallic coil springs such as,

1. Compression Springs
2. Torsion springs
3. Tension Springs
4. Spring wire spring
5. Shaped Spring
6. Variable pitched springs
7. Suspension Springs
8. Engine value springs
9. Rolling shutter springs

UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS:

UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS is specialized in

manufacturing of cold coiled springs of various varieties starting from the springs of
wire diameter 0.4mm to 12mm. It manufactures “Compression Springs, Torsion
Springs Tension Springs, Spring Wire Forms, Shaped Springs, Spring Washers,
Variable Pitched Springs, Rolling Shutters Springs, etc.”

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Different kinds of springs

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DIFFERENT FORMS OF SPRINGS:

1) HOOK FORMS:

The general hook forms for extension springs are shown in the below
diagram. The hooks may have other forms depending on individual requirements.

Different form of hook

springs
2) TORSION SPRINGS:
Torsion Springs come in various shapes, some of which are shown below in
the diagram. The shapes of Torsion Springs may have other forms depending
on individual requirements.

Different form of torsion

springs

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FACILITIES AT UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY
PRODUCTS FOR SPRING PRODUCTION:

UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS has embraced advanced

technology in spring production in order to keep in place with the increasing demand
for springs in the market and to give its best to the customers. It has several automatic
machines which are highly suited for high quantity batch production in less time and
are also flexible enough to adapt themselves to manufacture springs if wire diameter
ranging from 0.4mm to 10.mm.

To ensure high quality springs, close control is executed on various factors from
checking raw material to testing finished products. Raw materials are procured
exclusively from reputed sources to exact specification suitable for the spring in
question and then they are tested for their dimensional and metallurgical properties,
for monitoring and controlling quality throughout the production process and for
vigorous testing of the finished products. It has specialized inspection section
equipped with UTS testing machine, load testing machine, fatigue testing machine,
hardness testing machine and metrological instruments.

It has wire straightening machine, coiling machines (Manual and automatic spring end
grinding machines, air circulated electric furnaces, shot peening machines, facilities
for corrosion resistance treatment, spring looping fixtures, spring cleaning machine,
tool room equipment and workshop equipment which include centre lathe, welding
machine, air compressor, spring painting machine, bench grinding machine, pedestal
grinding machine, fly presses, hand presses etc.,. Which are exclusively being used
for manufacturing springs.

The entire manufacturing quantity control procedures are geared toward

manufacturing springs with the following attributes.

 Dimensional accuracy
 Load capability
 Longevity

The 3 attributes mentioned above go hand in hand together i.e., each is dependent on
the other in achieving the required quality of spring. Each attribute should be closely

Page 11
guarded to attain the other attributes. Dimensions of the spring should be closely
controlled within the given tolerances which otherwise would result in abrupt change
in the load capability thereby affecting the life of the spring.

The Dimensional accuracy, material selection and heat treatment play very important
role in attaining the load requirement of the springs. Life of the spring can be
enhanced by proper heat treatment for stress relieving, by shot peening (for springs
subjected to fatigue load)to increase the fatigue strengths and by the applications of
corrosion resistant coating onto the spring to make the spring corrosion resistant.

Automatic spring coiling Spring- end- grinding-

machine machine

DESIGNING

The spring designer’s task consists of selecting the type of spring the material most
available for the purpose in hand & once this choice in made of finding the
dimensions of the spring which must be in agreement with the space available & with
the permissible stress.

Various mathematical equations have been developed to describe the properties of

springs, based on such factors as wire composition and size, spring coil diameter, the
number of coils, and the amount of expected external force. The equations have been
incorporated into computer software to simplify the design process

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PRODUCTION OF SPRINGS

The manufacturing units- manufacture different types of springs using different

grades of materials used according to customer specification/drawings, which are
bifurcated as tension spring. Compression springs, torsion springs etc., all these
varieties accounted under a single head called as ‘springs” and are supplied in units of
number. Total annual production Quantity figures are available. Total number of
quantity and supplied quantity figures are available. Total number of quantity of each
spring is not possible to record, since dimension of the spring varies from spring to
spring.

Total Quantity of products manufactured by UNIVERSAL

AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS. (Up to 2015 March):

Year Products Manufactured (In Lakhs)

2010-2011 221
2011-2012 227
2012-2013 235
2013-2014 240
2014-2015 255

Different forms of torsion

springs

Page 13
 Products Manufactured (In lakhs)

260

250

240

230
Products Manufactured (In
220 lakhs)

210

200
2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013 2013-2014 2014-2015

UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS

OWNERSHIP PATTERN

Company Profile

Business Type Manufactures/ Supplier

Primary -Springs are manufactured using high quality of raw

Competitive materials.
Advantages: – Quality Control Section which is highly devoted to
ensure the conformity of the production of spring to
the quality requirements.
-Strategically located manufacturing facilities.
-State-of-the-art manufacturing plants.
– An extensive distribution
No of Staffs: 138
Year of Establishment: 1976

Export Markets: Tractor industries, four

wheeler break assembly
units manufacturers,

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 defence establishment,
two wheelers
manufacturers of
automobile and
automobile ancillary and
railway signalling
products, etc.,
Machinery facilities: Several automatic
machines, shot penning
machine, quality testing
equipment spring and
grinding machines, fly
presses, air circulated
electric furnaces, lathes
etc.,
Popular products: Industrial springs, volute
spring
Spring hangers
Multi leaf springs
Shutter spring
Spring parts
Gas spring
Clock springs
Barrel spring
Helical springs
Standard certification: ISO 9000-2008

SALES TURNOVER

At present the sales annual turnover turn-over in about 3 crores in the year 2014-2015
and there is always been increase in the sales.

BUSINESS STATEMENT

Page 15
UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS is in business of refreshing
with quality of spring products and innovation towards new springs

REGISTRATION OF THE FIRM

The Firm is registered with

1. National Small Scale Industries Corporation Ltd.

2. Director General of Supplies and Disposal
3. Vehicle Research and Development
4. Jabalpur Vehicle Research
5. Development Establishment, Ahmadabad etc.,

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

1. UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS has a well-defined

structure with a clear cut definition of responsibility. Its management believes
in delegation of authority to make its every individual feel the he is a part of
the company.
2. Its management is obliged to review the quality up gradation, delivery
performance and to attend customer’s complaints regularly.
3. Its management maintains record of all the above in order to be accountable.
4. Their quality management is recognized policy by ISO (International Standard
Organization) for their supply of good quality product at economical price to
this customer as per their specification and delivery schedule to their
satisfaction.

THE FUTURE

Demands of the rapidly growing computer and cellular phone industries are pushing
spring manufacturers to develop reliable, cast-effective techniques for making very
small springs. Springs that support keys on touchpads and keyboards are important,
but there are less apparent applications as well. For instance, a manufacturer of test
equipment used in semiconductor production has developed a micro spring contact
technology. Thousands of tiny springs, only 40 mils (0.040 in or 1 mm) high, are
bonded to individual contact points of semiconductor wafer. When this wafer is

Page 16
pressed against a test instrument, the springs compress, establishing highly reliable
electrical connections

Medical devices also use very small sprigs. A coiled spring has been developed for
use in the insertion end of a catheter or an endoscope. Made of wire 0.0012 in (30
micrometres or 0.030 mm) in diameter, the spring is 0.0036 in (0.092 mm) thick-
about the same as a human hair. The Japanese company that developed this spring is
attempting to make it even smaller.

The ultimate miniaturization accomplished so for was accomplished in 1997 by an

Austrian chemist named Bernard Krautler, He built a molecular spring by stringing 12
carbon atoms together and attaching a vitamin B12 molecule to each and of the chain
by means of a cobalt atom. In the relaxed state the chain has a zigzag shape; when it is
wetted with water, however, it kinks tightly together. Adding cyclodextrin causes the
chain to return to its relaxed state. No practical application of this spring has yet been
found, but research continues.

LIST OF IMPORTANT CUSTOMERS

1. Brakes India Private ltd, Chennai.

2. Mahindra and Mahindra, Nagpur Unit, Bhiwandi Unit, Zaherarbad Unit,
Uttaranchal Unit,
3. Janatics India Pvt Ltd, Unit 1, 3,
4. Bhagyashree Home Appliance Private Limited
5. Rovick Industries,

AREA OF OPERATION

 National
 Regional

COMPITETITORS INFORMATION
 Thimshulay spring manufacturing company- Bangaluru..

INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES:

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  For employees the salary starts from 8800 to 40000.
 ESI+ PF+BONUS (1 YEAR).
 Increment is provided at the 3rd year.

WORK FLOW MODEL (End to End):

MANUFACTURING PROCESS:

The following description focuses on the manufacture of steel-alloy coiled

springs.

COILING

1. COLD WINDING

Wire up to 0.75 in (18 mm) in diameter can be coiled at room temperature using one
of two basic techniques. One consists of winding the wire around a shaft called an
arbor or mandrel. This may be done on a dedicated spring-winding machine, a lathe
an electric hand drill with the mandrel secured in the chuck, or a winding machine
operated by hand cranking. A guiding mechanism, such as the lead screw on a lathe,
must be used to align the wire into the desired pitch (distance between successive
coils) as it wraps around the mandrel.

Page 18
 Examples of different types
of springs.

Alternatively, the wire may be coiled without a mandrel. This is generally done with a
central navigation computer (CNC) machine.

The wire is pushed forward over a support block toward a grooved head that deflects
the wire, forcing it to bend. The head and support block can be moved relative to each
other in as many as five directions to control the diameter and pitch of the spring that
is being formed.

For extension or torsion springs, the ends are bent into the desired loops, hooks, or
straight section after the coiled operation is completed.

2. HOT WINDING

Thicker wire or bar stock can be coiled into springs if the metal is heated to make it
flexible. Standard industrial coiling machines can handle steel bar up to 3 in (75 mm)
in diameter, and custom springs have reportedly been made form bars as much as 6 in
(150 mm) thick. The steel is coiled around a mandrel while red hot. Then it is
immediately removed from the coiling machine and plunged into oil to cool it quickly
and harden it. At this stage, the steel is too brittle to function as a spring, and it must

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subsequently be tempered process, called mechanical plating, and involves tumbling
the spring in a container with metallic powder, water, accelerant chemicals, and tiny
glass beads that pound the metallic powder onto the spring surface.

Alternatively, in electroplating the spring is immersed in an electrically conductive

liquid that will corrode the plating metal but not the spring. A negative electrical
charge is applied to the spring. Also immersed in the liquid as a supply of the plating
metal, and it is given a positive electrical charge. As the plating metal dissolves in the
liquid, it releases positively charged molecules that are attracted to the negatively
charged spring, where they bond chemically. Electroplating makes carbon steel
springs brittle, so shortly after plating (less than four hours) they must be baked at
325-3750 F (160-1900C) for four hours to counteract the embrittlement.

HARDENING

3. HEAT TREATING

Whether the steel has been coiled hot or cold, the process has created stress within the
material. To relieve this stress and allow the steel to maintain its characteristic
resilience, the spring must be tempered by heat treating it. The spring is heated in an
oven, held at the appropriate temperature for a predetermined time, and then allowed
to cool slowly. For example, a spring mad of music wire is heated to 500oF (260oC)
for one hour.

4.GRINDING:

If the design calls for flat ends on the spring, the ends are ground at this stage of the
manufacturing process. The spring is mounted in a jig to ensure the correct orientation
during grinding, and it is held against a rotating abrasive wheel until the desired
degree of fatness is obtained. When highly automated equipment is used, the spring is
held in a sleeve while both ends are ground simultaneously, first by coarse wheels and
then by finer wheels. An appropriate fluid (water or oil –based substance) may be
used to cool the spring, lubricate the grinding wheel, and carry away particles during
the grinding.

5. SHOT PEENING

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This process strengthens the steel to resist metal fatigue and cracking during its
lifetime of repeated flexing. The entire surface of the spring is exposed to a barrage of
tiny steel balls that hammer it smooth and compress the steel that lies just below the
surface.

6. SETTING

To permanently fix the desired length and pitch of the spring, it is fully compressed so
that all the coils touch each other. Some manufacturers repeat this process several
times.

7. COATING

To prevent corrosion the entire surface of the spring is protected by painting, dipping
in liquid rubber, or plating it with another metal such as zinc or chromium.

8. PACKAGING

Desired quantities of springs may simply be bulk packaged in boxes or plastic bags.
However, other forms of packaging have been developed to minimize damage or
tangling of springs. For example, they may be individually bagged, strung onto wires
or rods, enclosed in tubes, or affixed to sticky paper.

QUALITY CONTROL

Various testing devices are used to check completed springs for compliance with
specifications. The testing devices measure such properties as the hardness of the
metal and the amount of the spring’s deformation under a known force. Springs that
do not meet the specifications are discarded. Statistical analysis of the test results can
help manufacturers identify production problems and improve processes so fewer
defective springs are produced. Approximately one-third of defective springs result
from production problems. The other two-thirds are caused by deficiencies in the wire
used to form the springs. In 1998, researchers reported the development of a wire coil
ability test (called FRACMAT) that could screen out inadequate wire prior to
manufacturing springs.

Computer- operated coiling machines improve quality in two ways. First, they control
the diameter and pitch of the spring more precisely than manual operations can.

Page 21
Second through the use of piezoelectric materials, whose size varies with electrical
input, CNC coiling heads can precisely adjust in real time to measurements of spring
characteristics. As a result, these intelligent machines produce fewer springs that must
rejected for not meeting specifications.

FLOW CHART OF MANUFACTURING PROCESS

Steel alloys are the most commonly used spring materials. The most popular alloys
include high-carbon (such as the music wire used for guitar strings), oil tempered low-
carbon, chrome silicon, chrome vanadium, and stainless steel.

Other metals that are sometimes used to make springs are beryllium capper alloy,
phosphor bronze, and titanium,. Rubber or urethane may be used for cylindrical, non-
coil springs. Ceramic material has been developed for coiled springs in very high-
temperature environments. One-directional glass fibre composite materials are being
tested for possible use in springs.

Page 22
THE MAJOR RAW MATERIAL SUPPLIERS TO UNIVERSAL
AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS

 Pandyam Cement & Mineral Industries-Bangalore

 Usha Martin Industries Ltd.-Kolkata
 Special Steels Ltd.-Mumbai

Page 23
CHAPTER III

MCKENY’s 7S FRAMEWORK
The model is based on the theory that, for an organization to perform well, these
seven elements need to be aligned and mutually reinforcing. So, the model can be
used to help identify what needs to be realigned to improve performance, or to
maintain alignment (and performance) during other types of change. The McKinsey
7S Framework is a management model developed by well-known business
consultants Robert H. Waterman, Jr. and Tom Peters (who also developed the MBWA
"Management By Walking Around" motif, and authored in the 1980s.
This was a strategic vision for groups, to include businesses, business units, and
teams. The 7 Ss are structure, strategy, systems, skills, style, staff and shared values.
The model is most often used as an organizational analysis tool to assess and monitor
changes in the internal situation of an organization.
Whatever the type of change – restructuring, new processes, organizational merger,
new systems, change of leadership, and so on – the model can be used to understand
how the organizational elements are interrelated, and so ensure that the wider impact
of changes made in one area is taken into consideration.

LET'S LOOK AT EACH OF THE ELEMENTS SPECIFICALLY:

 Strategy: the plan devised to maintain and build competitive advantage over the
competition.
 Structure: the way the organization is structured and who reports to whom.
 Systems: the daily activities and procedures that staff members engage in to get
the job done.
 Shared Values: called "super ordinate goals" when the model was first developed,
these are the core values of the company that are evidenced in the corporate
culture and the general work ethic.
 Style: the style of leadership adopted.
 Staff: the employees and their general capabilities.
 Skills: the actual skills and competencies of the employees working for the
company.

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STRATEGY

It means “a plan of action intended to accomplish a specific goal”. And also it is the
plan devised to maintain and build competitive advantage over the competition. In
general, a sound strategy is the one that’s clearly articulated, is long-term, helps to
achieve competitive advantage and is reinforced by strong vision, mission and values.
But it’s hard to tell if such strategy is well-aligned with other elements when analyzed
alone. So the key in 7s model is not to look at your company to find the great strategy,
structure, systems and etc. but to look if its aligned with other elements.

The main strategy of UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS is to

ensure maximum utilization of available resources. For the purpose the company
believes in mainly promoting from within the organization and there by encourages its
people to strive for higher management stability. The setup also allows them to take
the advantages of common pool of technical and marketing talent of the highest
quality.

The pricing strategy of UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS

depends on the price fixed by the supplier. Spring manufactures and also the cost of
production. This is very.important in today’s competitive market. Further the price of
the UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS, products is less
compared to others leading manufacturers.

STRUCTURE

Page 25
Explicit and implicit institutional rules and policies designed to provide a structure
where various work roles and responsibilities are delegated, controlled and
coordinated. Organizational structure also determines how information flows from
level to level within the company. In a centralized structure, decisions flow from top
to down. In a decentralized structure, the decisions are made at various different
levels.
A structure depends entirely on the organization’s objective and strategy chosen to
achieve them. In a centralized structure, the decision making power is concentrated in
the top layer of the management and tight control is exercised over department and
division. In a decentralized structure, the decision making power is distributed and the
departments and divisions have varying degrees of autonomy. This company have
long chart that illustrates the organizational structure.

SYSTEM
A set of detailed method, procedures, and routines established or formulated to carry
out a specific activity, perform a duty, or solve a problem.

System is defined as a process or set of processes that links and orders activities to
enable work to be done and goals to be achieved. System in simple words is the
formal and informal procedure including compensation system, management
information system and capital allocation systems that govern everyday activity.

Systems that are followed By Universal Automobile & Dairy Products are:-

Page 26
  Universal Automobile & Dairy Products has a well-defined structure with a
clear cut definition of responsibility.
 Its management believes in delegation of authority to make its every
individual feel the he is a part of the company.
 Its management is obliged to review the quality up gradation, delivery
performance and to attend customer’s complaints regularly.
 Its management maintains record of all the above in order to be accountable.
 Their quality management is recognized policy by ISO (International Standard
Organization) for their supply of good quality product at economical price to
this customer as per their specification and delivery schedule to their
satisfaction.

STYLE
It represents the way the company is managed by top-level managers, how they
interact, what actions do they take and their symbolic value. In other words, it is the
management style of company’s leaders.
The management of Universal Automobile & Dairy Products is employee oriented.
They receive the feedback from the workers and decide on the change in the
strategies. The working of the management is democratic in fie.
In this company the representative of workers takes active participation in all
managerial activities where the interests of the employees are involved. The day to
day decisions are taken by the functional heads. And also is encouraged by top level
managers.

 Organization believes in placing the employees in the right jobs.

 Organization believes in giving the employees authority and confidence in
decision making.
 The organization believes in seeing to the employees are able to grow to
meet both their own need and the needs of an organization.

STAFF :

This element is concerned with what type and how many employees to an
organization will need and how they will be recruited, trained, motivated and
rewarded.
The people in an organization are very delicate and work towards the improvement of
the organization. . Now there are 35 workers working in the company.

MANAGING STAFF
SURYANARAYANA MANAGING PARTNER

Page 27
SURESH GOWDA MANAGING PARTNER
HIRIYANA MANAGING PARTNER
S.V NAGARAJ WORKS MANAGER
MAHESHA H M PRODUCTION MANAGER
SANTHOSH KUMAR S QUALITY MANAGER
SURESH B S SUPERVISOR
M.S PRAVEEN SLEEPING PARTNER
ROOPA NARAYAN SLEEPING PARTNER
RAM H.H SLEEPING PARTNER

Qualification for operators is:-

ITI & DIPLOMO

SKILLS

A skill refers to the distinctive capability of an enterprise. The Hindustan spring

manufacturing company possess variety of skills in the procurement of raw material
for production which is reflected by the quality management system. The (QSM)
Quality Management System will monitor the quality of the product before delivering
it to the customers. The customer will explain the dimension and quality what they
needed and the Quality Management System will monitor the quality which are
requested by the customer. To achieve the organization objectives the quality of the
product is very important. The company has skilled man power. The company is
capable to produce the number of units of product within time and the company
manages to deliver the product before the given time. The skilled human resource in
the company is capable to produce the quality product and meeting the expectation of
the customer. The company is satisfying its customer through qualitative products.

The skill in employees is satisfied by the management. To upgrade the skills of the
employee the company has adopted Job Rotation and on the job Training to make
their employees and workers more knowledge about their work. At the time of work
the monitoring of the skills of employees and workers are very important because it is
very important to know how capable the employees and workers are. To monitor the

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skills of the workers the company is following skill matrix, to monitor the skill of the
employee the company is following competency matrix.

FLOW CHART OF WORK FLOW MODEL

SHARED VALUES:

Shared value or super oriented goals refers to a set of value and aspirations that goes
beyond the conventional formal statement of corporate objective. There are
fundamental ideas around which business is built. They are the identity by which a
company is known throughout its business area. These values must be especially
stated as both corporate objectives and individual values. A shared value is an

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essential characteristic and attribute promoted by the organization to motivate the
behavior of members of the organization.
In UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS, every employee is
dedicated to achieving the organizational goals. The employees work hard to see that
good qualities are produced in the union. Company takes the valuable suggestions
from the employees and customers. By this, the company can know what the
requirements of customers are. The company believes that the business is combined
effort of the employees and management. So, the shared value is an element which
ensures the success of implementing the strategy.

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 CHAPTER IV
SWOT ANALYSIS

SWOT analysis is an acronym for (Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats) and

is a structured planning method that evaluates those four elements of an
organization, project or business venture. A SWOT analysis can be carried out for a
company, product, place, industry, or person. It involves specifying the objective of
the business venture or project and identifying the internal and external factors that
are favorable and unfavorable to achieve that objective. Some authors credit SWOT
to Albert Humphrey, who led a convention at the Stanford Research Institute in the
1960s and 1970s using data from Fortune 500companies. However, Humphrey
himself did not claim the creation of SWOT, and the origins remain obscure. The
degree to which the internal environment of the firm matches with the external
environment is expressed by the concept of strategic fit.

 Strengths: characteristics of the business or project that give it an

advantage over others
 Weaknesses: characteristics of the business that place the business or
project at a disadvantage relative to others
 Opportunities: elements in the environment that the business or project
could exploit to its advantage
 Threats: elements in the environment that could cause trouble for the
business or project.

Strength:-

 Operations personal technically skilled.

 Majority of sales are repeat orders.
 Strong stable purchasing process.
 Lengthily development cycle for new offerings.

Weakness:-

 Long lead times for existing production/services.

 Lengthy development cycle for new offerings.
 Employee morale is LOW.

Opportunities:-

 New geographies opening up.

 Market place asking for tech help.
 Trend towards using accredited companies.

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  Customers want faster delivery as per customer requirement
arranged.

Strength of opportunities:-

 Establish a “tech” helpline using experienced operation staff.

 Obtain industry recognized accreditation in primary market.

Weakness of opportunities:-

 Arrange training programme to employees.

 Implement lean methods to streamline existing product cycle
times.

Threats:-

 Customers see us as old/stale.

 Competitors pricing aggressively.
 Not a player in new geographies.
 Customers want latest technology.
 Suppliers raising costs.

Strength of Threats:-

 Develop long-term contracts with top 2 suppliers.

 Use experienced operations staff to reach out to long-term
customers and identify new products/services wanted.

Weakness of Threats:-

 Develop a 3 year technology upgrade plan and begin phase 1

this year.
 Develop a series of lunch & learn seminars to increase
product knowledge of all employees.

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 CHAPTER V

ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT

BANKERS OF UADP:
UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS has financial from the
following sources State Bank of Mysore; New Santhepet Branch, it has taken working
capital from SBM, Karnataka State Finance Corporation. KSFC has financed
machinery loan to Hindustan UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY PRODUCTS.
The loan has been procured only when it exceeds their production limits. The loan is
been procured for the following four departments of the organization:
• Production Department.
• Inspection Department.
• Sales Department.
• Administrative Department.

WORIKING CAPITAL:
Working capital refers to the funds available for day to day
operation of an enterprise. It also represents the excess of current assets over current
liabilities including short term loans. Working capital plays a significant role in every
organization. The assessment and the credit facilities available for the acquisition of
such CA i.e. CL
By studying the working capital management at UADP, are can
know the factors influencing the growth and expansion prospectus of the plant.
The basic components of working capital as follows:
a. Current Assets
b. Current liabilities
Current assets are the assets, which can be converted into cash
within one accounting year. Current assets include cash, debtors, short term securities,
bills receivables and stock.

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Current liabilities are the debtors who become mature for payment in one accounting
year. Current liabilities include creditors. Bills payable, bank overdrafts, outstanding
short term loans etc.
Broadly there are two concepts of working capital they are:
1. Gross working capital concept
2. Net working capital concept
The gross working capital refers to the firm’s investments in total current or
circulating assets. In other words it is the total of cash, debtors, all receivables, stock
or inventory etc.,
The networking is the excess of current assets over current liabilities. It is also defined
as the different current assets and current liabilities.

IMPORTANCE OF WORKING CAPITAL:

As explained above every firm requires working capital for meeting its day to
day operations and for its smooth and efficient functioning.
For any business, the main sources of finance are through sales. But sales do
not covert into cash instantaneously. Working capital is required from the time the
raw- material is brought till is converted into finished goods debtors and sales.
In case adequate working capital is not available for this period the
organization will not be in a position to purchase raw-materials, pay wages and other
expenses required for manufacturing the products to be sold.
For the above it is clear that working capital is required because of the
Time gap between the purchase of raw materials and actual
Realization in cash of the goods said. This time gap is technically
Termed as operating the business

ANALYZING WORKING CAPITAL MANGEMENT OF UADP:

Analysis of working capital is one of the important management in financial
management, the analysis of Working capital needs special attention, because reveals
that liquidity position of the firm. The following are the two important tools for
analysing working capital.
1) Working capital ratios
2) Statement of changes in working capital
There are many instruments available for analysis of the working capital. Some of
these are based on the ratios on different types of assets and liabilities, sales and
debtors, sales and inventory, sales and working capital.

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Ration analysis is a powerful tool of financial analysis. The ratio is defined as the
indicated quotient of two mathematical expressions and the relationships between two
or more things. In the financial analysis ratio is used as an index for evaluating the
financial position and performance of a firm.
With the help of the ratios the following can be determined.
• The ability of the firm to meets its current obligations.
• The extent to which the firm as used its long term solvency by borrowing
funds
• The efficiency with which is utilizing its various assets in generating its sales
revenue.
• The overall operating efficiency and performance of the firm.

WORIKING CAPITAL RATIOS:

As a tool of financial management analysis through ratios is of crucial
importance. The importance of ratio analysis lies in the fact that it presents facts on a
comparative basis and enables that drawing of interface regarding the performance of
the firm.
The following are some of the important ratios for analysing the working
capital
1. Current ratio
2. Quick ratio
3. Inventory turnover ratio
4. Debtors turnover ratio
5. Working capital turnover ratio
6. Inventory to working capital turnover ratio
7. Total assets turnover ratio
8. Gross profit ratio
9. Fixed assets turnover ratio

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 CHAPTER-6
LEARNING EXPERIENCE

 I knew right away I was going to have an amazing time during my four
weeks internship.
 This company is known for its spring business and employees are
expected to always have a smile on their faces and always be willing to
help with anything the subordinates may ask.
 The company offers many opportunities in different departments
which includes; front office, sales and marketing, human resources ,
purchase department and more.
 I was delighted because I knew I was going to have the opportunity to
develop my skills in various areas of the company.
 These four weeks have been incredible and I am happy to say that I’m
so glad I chosen the UNIVERSAL AUTOMOBILE & DAIRY
PRODUCTS.

SUGGESTION:
By the study it is found that all most customers of Universal automobile & dairy
products are satisfied by the services provided by the company to build a brand
image of Southern Universal automobile & dairy products. The main reason to
customer to stay with the company is by giving good facilities to the customer.

 Company as to increases the advertising strategies in media.

 Company as to increases the good interiors in room.

 For more improvements company has to increases there facilities.

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  To increases the company services to attract the more number of customers.

 Company as to maintain a good relationship with the customer for long time.

 To increase the efficiency in overall maintenance in the company.

 Should maintain the record of incoming and outgoing of employees.

CONCLUSION:

I am very happy I have got great opportunity for doing a project at Hindustan
spring manufacturing company Mysuru, the internship helps to me learn so many
practical things and also work gives memorable experience.

In this competitive world ,company’s brand image should be important as the

product and service they distribute and give. A trusted and customer satisfaction
makes the customer positive that the company is truthful.

Universal Automobile & Dairy Products maintains a good relationship with the
customers.

I would like to conclude that Universal Automobile & Dairy Products Mysuru has a
good customer satisfaction & also customer loyalty.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY / REFERENCES:

• Company panorama.

• Companies books

• Factory manager- Nagaraju.S.A.

• Engineering manager- Nagaraju.S.A.

• HR manager- Mohan

• Finance manager- Suresh Gowda.

• Quality manager- Santhosh Kumar S.

• Accounts manager- Shubha.R.

• Company employees.

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ACHIEVEMENT / AWARD:

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