cs8261 Lab Manual

DHANALAKSHMI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Tambaram, Chennai – 601 301
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
II SEMESTER - R 2017
CS8261 – C PROGRAMMING LABORATORY
LABORATORY MANUAL
Name : _______________________________________
Register No : _______________________________________
Section : _______________________________________
CS8261 DCE Page 1 of 44

DHANALAKSHMI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
VISION
Dhanalakshmi College of Engineering is committed to provide highly disciplined,

conscientious and enterprising professionals conforming to global standards
through value based quality education and training.
MISSION
 To provide competent technical manpower capable of meeting requirements
of the industry
 To contribute to the promotion of Academic excellence in pursuit of
Technical Education at different levels
 To train the students to sell his brawn and brain to the highest bidder but to
never put a price tag on heart and soul

PROGRAM EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES
1. FUNDAMENTALS
To impart students with fundamental knowledge in Mathematics, Science
and fundamentals of engineering that will mould them to be successful
professionals
2. CORE COMPETENCE
To provide students with sound knowledge in engineering and
experimental skills to identify complex software problems in industry and to
develop practical solutions for them
3. BREADTH
To provide relevant training and experience to bridge the gap between
theory and practice this enables them to find solutions for real time problems in
industry and organization, and to design products requiring interdisciplinary skills
4. PROFESSIONALISM SKILLS
To bestow students with adequate training and provide opportunities to
work as team that will build up their communication skills, individual leadership
and supportive qualities, and to enable them to adapt and work in ever changing
technologies
5. LIFELONG LEARNING
To develop the ability of students to establish themselves as professionals

in Computer Science and Engineering and to create awareness about the need
for lifelong learning and pursuing advanced degrees

PROGRAM OUTCOMES
a) To apply the basic knowledge of Mathematics, Science and engineering

fundamentals in Computer Science and Engineering field
b) To design and conduct experiments as well as to analyze and interpret
data and apply the same in the career
c) To design and develop innovative and creative software applications
d) To understand a complex real world problem and develop an efficient
practical solution
e) To create, select and apply appropriate techniques, resources, modern
engineering and IT tools
f) To understand their roles as a professionals and give the best to the society
g) To develop a system that will meet expected needs within realistic
constraints such as economical, environmental, social, political, ethical, safe
and sustainable
h) To communicate effectively and make others understand exactly what they
are trying to convey in both verbal and written forms
i) To work in a team as team member or a leader and make unique
contributions and work with coordination
j) To exhibit confidence in self-education and ability for lifelong learning
k) To develop and manage projects in multidisciplinary environments

CS8261 – C PROGRAMMING LAB
SYLLABUS
COURSE OBJECTIVES
1. To develop programs in C using basic constructs.

2. To develop applications in C using strings, pointers, functions, structures.
3. To develop applications in C using file processing.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
1. Programs using I/O statements and expressions.

2. Programs using decision-making constructs.
3. Write a program to find whether the given year is leap year or Not? (Hint:
not every centurion year is a leap. For example 1700, 1800 and 1900 is
not a leap year)
4. Design a calculator to perform the operations, namely, addition,
subtraction, multiplication, division and square of a number.
5. Check whether a given number is Armstrong number or not?
6. Given a set of numbers like <10, 36, 54, 89, 12, 27>, find sum of weights
based on the following conditions.
if it is a perfect cube.
4 if it is a multiple of 4 and divisible by 6.
3 if it is a prime number.
Sort the numbers based on the weight in the increasing order as shown
below <10,its weight>,<36,its weight><89,its weight>
7. Populate an array with height of persons and find how many persons are
above the average height.
8. Populate a two dimensional array with height and weight of persons and
compute the Body Mass Index of the individuals.
9. Given a string ―a$bcd./fg‖ find its reverse without changing the position
of special characters.
(Example input:a@gh%;j and output:j@hg%;a)

10. Convert the given decimal number into binary, octal and hexadecimal
numbers using user defined functions.
11. From a given paragraph perform the following using built-in functions:
a. Find the total number of words.
b. Capitalize the first word of each sentence.
c. Replace a given word with another word.
12. Solve towers of Hanoi using recursion.
13. Sort the list of numbers using pass by reference.
14. Generate salary slip of employees using structures and pointers.

15. Compute internal marks of students for five different subjects using
structures and functions.
16. Insert, update, delete and append telephone details of an individual or a
company into a telephone directory using random access file.
17. Count the number of account holders whose balance is less than the
minimum balance using sequential access file.
Mini project
18. Create a ―Railway reservation system with the following modules
Booking
Availability checking
Cancellation
Prepare chart
COURSE OUTCOMES
1. Develop C programs for simple applications making use of basic

constructs, arrays and strings.
2. Develop C programs involving functions, recursion, pointers, and
structures.
3. Design applications using sequential and random access file processing.

CS8261 – C PROGRAMMING LAB
CONTENTS
Sl. Page
Name of the Experiment
No. No.
1. Programs using I/O statements and expressions. 9

2. Programs using decision-making constructs 11
Write a program to find whether the given year is leap year or
Not? (Hint: not every centurion year is a leap. For example
3. 13
1700, 1800 and 1900 is not a leap year)
Design a calculator to perform the operations, namely,

addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and square of a
4. 15
number.
Check whether a given number is Armstrong number or not?

5. 17
Given a set of numbers like <10, 36, 54, 89, 12, 27>, find sum
of weights based on the following conditions.
 5 if it is a perfect cube.
 4 if it is a multiple of 4 and divisible by 6.
6. 19
 3 if it is a prime number.
Sort the numbers based on the weight in the increasing order
as shown below <10,its weight>,<36,its weight><89,its
weight>
Populate an array with height of persons and find how many
7. persons are above the average height. 21
Populate a two dimensional array with height and weight of

8. persons and compute the Body Mass Index of the individuals. 23
Given a string ―a$bcd./fg‖ find its reverse without changing

9. the position of special characters. 25
(Example input:a@gh%;j and output:j@hg%;a)
Convert the given decimal number into binary, octal and
10. hexadecimal numbers using user defined functions. 27
From a given paragraph perform the following using built-in
functions:
11. 29

Solve towers of Hanoi using recursion.
12. 31
Sort the list of numbers using pass by reference.
13. 33
Generate salary slip of employees using structures and
14. pointers. 35
Compute internal marks of students for five different subjects

15. using structures and functions. 37
Insert, update, delete and append telephone details of an

individual or a company into a telephone directory using
16. random access file. 39
Count the number of account holders whose balance is less

17. than the minimum balance using sequential access file. 41
Mini project
1. Create a ―Railway reservation system with the
following modules
Booking
18. 43
Availability checking
Cancellation
Prepare chart

Ex No. 1 PROGRAMS USING I/O STATEMENTS AND EXPRESSIONS
Aim:
To write a C program that uses I/O statements and expressions.
Algorithm:
1. Start the program.

2. Define constant pi= 3.14
3. Read the value of radius
4. Calculate area using formulae pi*radius2
5. Calculate circumference using formulae 2*pi*radius
6. Print area and circumference
7. Stop
Program:

Sample Output:
Enter radius of the circle : 8
Area is 200.96 and circumference is 50.2
Result:
Thus a C program that uses I/O statements and expressions is executed
successfully and the output is verified.

Ex No. 2 PROGRAM USING DECISION-MAKING CONSTRUCTS
Aim:
To write a C program using decision making constructs.
Algorithm:
1. Declare three integer variables

2. Read the 3 inputs
3. Compare first two numbers and go to Step4
4. If first number is greater than second number then compare first
number with third number else go to step 6
5. If first number is greater than third number print first number as
biggest number else print third number as biggest
6. Compare second number with third number
7. If second number is greater than third number print second number as
biggest number else print third number as biggest
Program:

Sample Output:
Enter 3 Numbers
5
9
2
The Second Number 9(b) is Biggest
Result:
Thus a C program that uses decision making constructs is executed

Ex.No. 3 PROGRAM FOR LEAP YEAR
Aim:
To write a C program to check whether the given year is a leap year or not
using if statement.
Algorithm:
1) Start
2) Read the value of year
3) If year divisible by 400 then print "Leap year"
3.1) Else if year divisible by 4 and not divisible by 100 then print "Leap
year"
3.2) Else print "Not a leap year"
4) Stop
Program:

Sample Output:
Enter the year : 2000
2000 is a Leap year
1800 is not a Leap year
2004 is a Leap year
Result:
Thus the C program to find the given year is a leap year or not is executed

Ex.No.:4 PROGRAM FOR CALCULATOR
Aim:
To write a C program to design a calculator to perform the operations,
namely, addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and square of a number.
Algorithm:
1) Start
2) Display calculator menu options
3) Read the operator symbol and operands n1, n2
4) If operator = + then calculate result = n1 + n2
4.1) Else if operator = – then calculate result = n1 – n2
4.2) Else if operator = * then calculate result = n1 * n2
4.3) Else if operator = / then calculate result = n1 / n2
4.4) Else if operator = % then calculate result = n1 % n2
4.2) Else print "Invalid operator" and go to step 6
5) Print result
6) Stop
Program:

Sample Output:
Simple Calculator
1. Summation
2.Difference
3.Product
4. Quotient
5. Remainder
Enter the case : 1
Enter operand1 and operand2 : 2 4
2+4=6
Result:
Thus the C program for designing a calculator to perform the operations,
namely, addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and square of a number is
executed successfully and the output is verified.

Ex.No.:5 PROGRAM FOR ARMSTRONG NUMBER
Aim:
To write a C program to find if a number is Armstrong or not.
Algorithm:
1. Start
2. Read number
3. Set sum=0 and duplicate=number
4. Reminder=number%10
5. Sum=sum+(reminder*reminder*reminder)
6. Number=number/10
7. Repeat steps 4 to 6 until number > 0
8. If sum = duplicate
9. Display number is armstrong
10. Else
11. Display number is not armstrong
12. Stop
Program:

Sample Output:
Enter a number please:153

153 is an armstrong number
Result:
Thus the C program for finding an Armstrong number is executed

Ex.No.:6 PROGRAM TO FIND THE SUM OF WEIGHTS
Aim:
To write a C program to find the sum of weights based on the given
conditions.
Given a set of numbers like <10, 36, 54, 89, 12, 27>, find sum of weights based
on the following conditions.
 5 if it is a perfect cube.
 4 if it is a multiple of 4 and divisible by 6.
 3 if it is a prime number.
Sort the numbers based on the weight in the increasing order as shown below
<10,its weight>,<36,its weight><89,its weight>
Algorithm:
1. Start
2. create dynamic array for size n
3. set all weightage to zero
4. check and find the weightage
5. sort number in ascending
6. print the weightage
7. stop
Program:

Sample Output:
5
10
36
54
89
12
<10,2><12,6><36,11><54,2><89,2>
Result:
Thus the C program for finding the sum of weights is executed

Ex.No.:7 PROGRAM WITH ARRAYS
Aim:
To write a C program to Populate an array with height of persons and find
how many persons are above the average height.
Algorithm:
1. Start
2. Set avgheight=0
3. Declare array ‘a’ with ten values
4. For i =0 till ten, perform the following
i. if a[i] is between 150.0 and 165.0 , then print the height
ii. Increment avgheight
5. Print avgheight
6. Stop
Program:

Sample Output:
150.00
156.00
158.00
159.00
153.50
162.50
total number of persons with average height is 6
Result:
Thus the C program to Populate an array with height of persons and to

find how many persons are above the average height is executed successfully
and the output is verified.

Ex.No.:8 PROGRAM WITH 2D ARRAY
Aim:
To write a C program to Populate a two dimensional array with height and
weight of persons and compute the Body Mass Index of the individuals.
Algorithm:
1. Start
2. Get the input height from the user
3. Get the input weight from the user
4. Calculate the BMI with formula w/(h*h)
5. Print the result
6. Stop
Program:

Sample Output:
Enter value for h[0][0]:1.51
Enter value for w[0][0]:57
bmi calculation:
24.998905
Result:
Thus the C program to Populate a two dimensional array with height and weight
of persons and compute the Body Mass Index of the individuals is executed

Ex.No.:9 PROGRAM FOR REVERSING A STRING
Aim:
To write a C program to reverse a string without changing the position of
special characters. (Given a string ―a$bcd./fg‖ find its reverse without changing
the position of special characters. )
Algorithm:
1. Start
2. Let input string be 'str[]' and length of string be 'n'
3. l = 0, r = n-1
4. While l is smaller than r, do following
a) If str[l] is not an alphabetic character, do l++
b) Else If str[r] is not an alphabetic character, do r--
c) Else swap str[l] and str[r]
5. Stop
Program:

Sample Output:
input:a@gh%;j
output:j@hg%;a
Result:
Thus the C program to reverse a string without changing the position of
special characters is executed successfully and the output is verified.

Ex.No.:10 PROGRAM TO CONVERT DECIMAL INTO BINARY, OCTAL AND
HEXADECIMAL USING USER DEFINED FUNCTIONS
Aim:
To write a C program to Convert the given decimal number into binary,
octal and hexadecimal numbers using user defined functions.
Algorithm:
1. Start
2. Take a decimal number as input.
3. Divide the input number by 2,8,16 and obtain its remainder and quotient.
Store the remainder in the array.
4. Repeat the step 2 with the quotient obtained. Do this until the quotient
becomes zero.
5. Print the array in the reverse order to get the output.
6. stop
Program:

Sample Output:
Enter decimal number to be converted:
555
Select conversion
1. Decimal to binary
2. Decimal to octal
3. Decimal to hexadecimal
4. Exit
Enter choice here :1
Converted Binary equivalent value of 555 is 1000101011
Converted octal equivalent value of 555 is 1053
Converted hexadecimal equivalent value of 555 is 22b
Result:
Thus the C program to Convert the given decimal number into binary,
octal and hexadecimal numbers using user defined functions is executed

Ex.No.:11 PROGRAM USING BUIILT-IN FUNCTIONS
Aim:
To write a C program to perform the following from a given paragraph
using built-in functions,
Algorithm:
1. Start
2. Take a string as input.
3. Using for loop search for a empty space in between the words in the
string.
4. Consecutively increment a variable. This variable gives the count of
number of words
5. Check first character is lowercase alphabet if then capitalize ,Continue
the loop ,all the other should be in lowercase.
6. to traverse the original string and count the number of times old word
occurs in the string.
7. Now make a new string of sufficient size so that new word can be
replaced.
8. Now copy original string to new string with replacement of word.
Program:

Sample Output:
enter the string:
HELLO FRIENDS HOW ARE YOU?
number of words in given string are: 5
Capitalize string is: Hello Friends How Are You?
New String: Geeks FRIENDS HOW ARE YOU?
Result:
Thus the C program for built-in functions is executed successfully and the
output is verified.

Ex.No.:12 PROGRAM FOR TOWER OF HANOI USING RECURSION
Aim:
To write a C program to solve tower of Hanoi using recursion.
Algorithm:
1. Start
2. Read the number of disks
3. Move n-1 disks from source to aux
4. Move nth disk from source to dest
5. Move n-1 disks from aux to dest
6. Stop
Program:

Sample Output:
Enter the number of disks : 2

The sequence of moves involved in the Tower of Hanoi are :
Move disk 1 from peg A to peg B

Move disk 2 from peg A to peg C
Move disk 1 from peg B to peg C
Result:
Thus the C program to solve tower of Hanoi using recursion is executed

Ex.No.:13 PROGRAM TO SORT THE NUMBERS USING PASS BY
REFERENCE
Aim:
To write a C program to sort the list of numbers using pass by reference.
Algorithm:
1. Start
2. Starting at array index 0, search the entire array to find the smallest value
3. Swap the smallest value found in the array with the value at index 0
4. Repeat steps 1 & 2 starting from the next index
5. Stop
Program:

Sample Output:
Data items in original order
2 6 4 8 10 12 89 68 45 37
Data items in ascending order
2 4 6 8 10 12 37 45 68 89
Result:
Thus the C program to sort the list of numbers using pass by reference is

Ex.No.:14 PROGRAM USING STRUCTURES AND POINTERS
Aim:
To write a C program to generate salary slip of employees using
structures and pointers.
Algorithm:
1. Start
2. Structure to store employee salary details
3. Prints payslip for the requested employee
4. Get the number of employees from the user
5. Dynamically allocate memory to store employee salary details
6. Get the employee salary details from the customer
7. Gross and net salary calculation
8. Printing payslip for the given employee id
Program:

Sample Output:
Enter the number of employees:2
Enter your input for every employee:
Employee ID:101
Employee Name:Sam
Basic Salary, HRA:5000 500
DA, Medical Allowance:300 500
PF and Insurance:1000 400
Employee ID:102
Employee Name:Ram
Basic Salary, HRA:3000 200
DA, Medical Allowance:300 500
PF and Insurance:800 200
Enter employee ID to get payslip:102
Salary Slip of Ram:
Employee ID: 102
Basic Salary: 3000
House Rent Allowance: 200
Dearness Allowance: 300
Medical Allowance: 500
Gross Salary: 33000.00 Rupees
Deductions:
Provident fund: 800
Insurance: 200
Net Salary: 32000.00 Rupees
Do You Want To Continue(1/0):0
Result:
Thus the C program to generate salary slip of employees using structures
and pointers is executed successfully and the output is verified.

Ex.No.:15 PROGRAM USING STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS
Aim:
To write a C program to Compute internal marks of students for five
different subjects using structures and functions.
Algorithm:
1. Start
2. structure, student is created.
3. This structure has three members: name (string), roll (integer) and marks
(float).
4. A structure variable s is created to store information and display the
internal marks on the screen.
5. Stop
Program:

Sample Output:
Enter student's name: Kevin Amla
Enter roll number: 149
Enter Marks for S1:78
Output
Name: Kevin Amla
Roll: 149
Internal mark for S1:15.6
Internal mark for S2:15
Internal mark for S5:18
Result:
Thus the C program to Compute internal marks of students for five
different subjects using structures and functions is executed successfully and the
output is verified.

Ex.No.:16 PROGRAM USING RANDOM ACCESS FILE
Aim:
To write a C program to Insert, update, delete and append telephone
details of an individual or a company into a telephone directory using random
access file.
Algorithm:
1. Start
2. Create a function to add data to a file
3. Create a function to update data
4. Create a function to delete the data
5. Create a function to alter the data
6. stop
Program:

Sample Output:
Telephone directory
1) Insert
2) Update
3) Delete
4) Append
5) Exit
Enter your choice :1
Enter a name: Jack
Enter no: 44475445
Enter your choice :5
Result:
Thus the C program to Insert, update, delete and append telephone
details of an individual or a company into a telephone directory using random
access file is executed successfully and the output is verified.

Ex.No.:17 PROGRAM USING SEQUENTIAL ACCESS FILE
Aim:
To write a C program to Count the number of account holders whose
balance is less than the minimum balance using sequential access file.
Algorithm:
1. Start
2. The data to be stored is Account number, Name, Balance in account.
3. Assume maximum of 05 customers in the bank.
4. Create a function to read all customers details and call it in main.
5. Program must print the Account number and name and balance of each
customer.
6. Stop
Program:

Sample Output:
Number of customer records you want to enter? : 3
Enter data for Record #1
Enter account_no : 100
Enter name : Alex
Enter name : Monica
Enter name : Javed
Press 1 to deposit amount.
Press 2 to withdraw amount.
Press 0 to exit
Enter choice(0-2) : 1
A/c No Name Balance
100 Alex 0
101 Monica 0
103 Javed 0
Result:
Thus the C program to Count the number of account holders whose
balance is less than the minimum balance using sequential access file is

Ex.No.:18 MINI PROJECT
Aim:
To write a C program Create a Railway reservation system with the
following modules Booking, Availability checking, Cancellation, Prepare chart.
Algorithm:
1. Start
2. The data to be stored is train no ,train availability status , cancellation
details , booking details and preparation chart.
3. Create a function to read all train details and call it in main.
4. Program must print the train no and booking status of each customer.
5. Stop
Program:

Sample Output:
Result:
Thus the C program to Count the number of account holders whose
balance is less than the minimum balance using sequential access file is

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DHANALAKSHMI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Tambaram, Chennai – 601 301

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

CS8261 – C PROGRAMMING LABORATORY

CS8261 DCE Page 1 of 44

Dhanalakshmi College of Engineering is committed to provide highly disciplined,

CS8261 DCE Page 2 of 44

To develop the ability of students to establish themselves as professionals

CS8261 DCE Page 3 of 44

a) To apply the basic knowledge of Mathematics, Science and engineering

CS8261 DCE Page 4 of 44

1. To develop programs in C using basic constructs.

1. Programs using I/O statements and expressions.

(Example input:a@gh%;j and output:j@hg%;a)

CS8261 DCE Page 5 of 44

1. Develop C programs for simple applications making use of basic

CS8261 DCE Page 6 of 44

1. Programs using I/O statements and expressions. 9

Design a calculator to perform the operations, namely,

Check whether a given number is Armstrong number or not?

Populate a two dimensional array with height and weight of

Given a string ―a$bcd./fg‖ find its reverse without changing

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Compute internal marks of students for five different subjects

Insert, update, delete and append telephone details of an

Count the number of account holders whose balance is less

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1. Start the program.

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1. Declare three integer variables

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Enter a number please:153

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Thus the C program to Populate an array with height of persons and to

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Enter the number of disks : 2

Move disk 1 from peg A to peg B

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