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Chapter 6

Resource Masters
Consumable Workbooks
Many of the worksheets contained in the Chapter Resource Masters booklets are
available as consumable workbooks in both English and Spanish.

Study Guide and Intervention Workbook 0-07-827794-9


Study Guide and Intervention Workbook (Spanish) 0-07-827795-7
Skills Practice Workbook 0-07-827788-4
Skills Practice Workbook (Spanish) 0-07-827790-6
Practice Workbook 0-07-827789-2
Practice Workbook (Spanish) 0-07-827791-4

Answers for Workbooks The answers for Chapter 6 of these workbooks


can be found in the back of this Chapter Resource Masters booklet.

Spanish Assessment Masters Spanish versions of forms 2A and 2C


of the Chapter 6 Test are available in the Pre-Algebra Spanish Assessment
Masters (0-07-830412-1).

Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.


Printed in the United States of America. Permission is granted to reproduce the
material contained herein on the condition that such material be reproduced only
for classroom use; be provided to students, teacher, and families without charge;
and be used solely in conjunction with Glencoe Pre-Algebra. Any other reproduc-
tion, for use or sale, is prohibited without prior written permission of the publisher.

Send all inquiries to:


Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
8787 Orion Place
Columbus, OH 43240

ISBN: 0-07-827772-8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 047 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 Pre-Algebra Chapter 6 Resource Masters


CONTENTS
Vocabulary Builder............................vii Lesson 6-7
Lesson 6-1 Study Guide and Intervention ........................329
Skills Practice.................................................330
Study Guide and Intervention ........................299 Practice ..........................................................331
Skills Practice.................................................300 Reading to Learn Mathematics ......................332
Practice ..........................................................301 Enrichment .....................................................333
Reading to Learn Mathematics ......................302
Enrichment .....................................................303 Lesson 6-8
Lesson 6-2 Study Guide and Intervention ........................334
Skills Practice.................................................335
Study Guide and Intervention ........................304 Practice ..........................................................336
Skills Practice.................................................305 Reading to Learn Mathematics ......................337
Practice ..........................................................306 Enrichment .....................................................338
Reading to Learn Mathematics ......................307
Enrichment .....................................................308 Lesson 6-9
Lesson 6-3 Study Guide and Intervention ........................339
Skills Practice.................................................340
Study Guide and Intervention ........................309 Practice ..........................................................341
Skills Practice.................................................310 Reading to Learn Mathematics ......................342
Practice ..........................................................311 Enrichment .....................................................343
Reading to Learn Mathematics ......................312
Enrichment .....................................................313 Chapter 6 Assessment
Lesson 6-4 Chapter 6 Test, Form 1 ..........................345–346
Study Guide and Intervention ........................314 Chapter 6 Test, Form 2A ........................347–348
Skills Practice.................................................315 Chapter 6 Test, Form 2B ........................349–350
Practice ..........................................................316 Chapter 6 Test, Form 2C........................351–352
Reading to Learn Mathematics ......................317 Chapter 6 Test, Form 2D........................353–354
Enrichment .....................................................318 Chapter 6 Test, Form 3 ..........................355–356
Chapter 6 Open-Ended Assessment .............357
Lesson 6-5 Chapter 6 Vocabulary Test/Review ................358
Chapter 6 Quizzes 1 & 2................................359
Study Guide and Intervention ........................319
Chapter 6 Quizzes 3 & 4................................360
Skills Practice.................................................320
Chapter 6 Mid-Chapter Test...........................361
Practice ..........................................................321
Chapter 6 Cumulative Review .......................362
Reading to Learn Mathematics ......................322
Chapter 6 Standardized Test Practice....363–364
Enrichment .....................................................323
Unit 2 Test/Review (Ch 4–6) ..................365–366
Lesson 6-6
Study Guide and Intervention ........................324 Standardized Test Practice Student
Skills Practice.................................................325 Recording Sheet ..............................................A1
Practice ..........................................................326 ANSWERS ................................................A2–A35
Reading to Learn Mathematics ......................327
Enrichment .....................................................328

iii
Teacher’s Guide to Using the
Chapter 6 Resource Masters
The Fast File Chapter Resource system allows you to conveniently file the resources you
use most often. The Chapter 6 Resource Masters includes the core materials needed for
Chapter 6. These materials include worksheets, extensions, and assessment options. The
answers for these pages appear at the back of this booklet.

All of the materials found in this booklet are included for viewing and printing in the
Pre-Algebra TeacherWorks CD-ROM.

Vocabulary Builder Pages vii-viii When to Use These provide additional


include a student study tool that presents practice options or may be used as home-
up to twenty of the key vocabulary terms work for second day teaching of the lesson.
from the chapter. Students are to record
definitions and/or examples for each term. Reading to Learn Mathematics
You may suggest that students highlight One master is included for each lesson. The
or star the terms with which they are first section of each master asks questions
not familiar. about the opening paragraph of the lesson in
the Student Edition. Additional questions
When to Use Give these pages to students ask students to interpret the context of and
before beginning Lesson 6-1. Encourage them relationships among terms in the lesson.
to add these pages to their Pre-Algebra Study Finally, students are asked to summarize
Notebook. Remind them to add definitions what they have learned using various repre-
and examples as they complete each lesson. sentation techniques.
Study Guide and Intervention When to Use This master can be used as
Each lesson in Pre-Algebra addresses one or a study tool when presenting the lesson or
two objectives. There is one Study Guide and as an informal reading assessment after
Intervention master for each lesson. presenting the lesson. It is also a helpful
tool for ELL (English Language Learner)
When to Use Use these masters as reteach- students.
ing activities for students who need addi-
tional reinforcement. These pages can also Enrichment There is one extension
be used in conjunction with the Student master for each lesson. These activities
Edition as an instructional tool for students may extend the concepts in the lesson, offer
who have been absent. an historical or multicultural look at the
concepts, or widen students’ perspectives
Skills Practice There is one master for on the mathematics they are learning.
each lesson. These provide computational These are not written exclusively for honors
practice at a basic level. students, but are accessible for use with all
When to Use These masters can be used levels of students.
with students who have weaker mathematics When to Use These may be used as extra
backgrounds or need additional reinforcement. credit, short-term projects, or as activities
for days when class periods are shortened.
Practice There is one master for each
lesson. These problems more closely follow
the structure of the Practice and Apply
section of the Student Edition exercises.
These exercises are of average difficulty.

iv
Assessment Options Intermediate Assessment
• Four free-response quizzes are included
The assessment masters in the Chapter 6
to offer assessment at appropriate inter-
Resource Masters offer a wide range of
vals in the chapter.
assessment tools for intermediate and final
• A Mid-Chapter Test provides an option
assessment. The following lists describe each
to assess the first half of the chapter. It is
assessment master and its intended use.
composed of both multiple-choice and
free-response questions.
Chapter Assessment
Chapter Tests Continuing Assessment
• Form 1 contains multiple-choice questions • The Cumulative Review provides
and is intended for use with basic level students an opportunity to reinforce and
students. retain skills as they proceed through
• Forms 2A and 2B contain multiple-choice their study of Pre-Algebra. It can also
questions aimed at the average level be used as a test. This master includes
student. These tests are similar in format free-response questions.
to offer comparable testing situations. • The Standardized Test Practice offers
• Forms 2C and 2D are composed of free- continuing review of pre-algebra concepts
response questions aimed at the average in various formats, which may appear on
level student. These tests are similar in the standardized tests that they may
format to offer comparable testing situa- encounter. This practice includes multiple-
tions. Grids with axes are provided for choice, grid-in, and open-ended questions.
questions assessing graphing skills. Bubble-in and grid-in answer sections are
• Form 3 is an advanced level test with provided on the master.
free-response questions. Grids without
axes are provided for questions assessing Answers
graphing skills. • Page A1 is an answer sheet for the
All of the above tests include a free- Standardized Test Practice questions
response Bonus question. that appear in the Student Edition on
pages 322–323. This improves students’
• The Open-Ended Assessment includes familiarity with the answer formats they
performance assessment tasks that are may encounter in test taking.
suitable for all students. A scoring rubric is • The answers for the lesson-by-lesson
included for evaluation guidelines. Sample masters are provided as reduced pages
answers are provided for assessment. with answers appearing in red.
• A Vocabulary Test, suitable for all stu- • Full-size answer keys are provided for the
dents, includes a list of the vocabulary assessment masters in this booklet.
words in the chapter and ten questions
assessing students’ knowledge of those
terms. This can also be used in conjunc-
tion with one of the chapter tests or as a
review worksheet.

v
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6 Reading to Learn Mathematics


Vocabulary Builder

Vocabulary Builder
This is an alphabetical list of key vocabulary terms you will learn in Chapter 6.
As you study this chapter, complete each term’s definition or description.
Remember to add the page number where you found the term. Add these pages to
your Pre-Algebra Study Notebook to review vocabulary at the end of the chapter.

Vocabulary Found
Definition/Description/Example
Term on Page
base

cross products

discount

experimental probability
ik-spehr-uh-MEHN-tuhl

outcomes

percent

percent equation

percent of change

percent proportion

vii
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6 Reading to Learn Mathematics


Vocabulary Builder (continued)

Vocabulary Found
Definition/Description/Example
Term on Page
probability

proportion

ratio

sample space

scale

scale drawing or scale


model

scale factor

simple event

simple interest

theoretical probability
thee-uh-REHT-ih-kuhl

unit rate

viii
NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-1 Study Guide and Intervention


Ratios and Rates

7
Ratios written as 7 to 12, 7:12, and !! are different ways to write the same ratio. Ratios should be
12
written in simplest form.

Example 1 Express the ratio 6 feet to 15 inches as a fraction in simplest form.


6 feet
!! Write the ratio as a fraction.
15 inches

Lesson 6-1
72 inches
" !! Convert feet to inches.
15 inches

7224 inches
" !! Divide the numerator and denominator by the GCF, 3.
155 inches

24
" !!
5
Written as a fraction in simplest form, the ratio is 24 to 5.

Example 2 Express the ratio $10 for 8 fish as a unit rate. Round to the nearest
tenth, if necessary.
10 dollars
!! Write the ratio as a fraction.
8 fish
#8

10 dollars 1.25 dollars


!! " !! Divide the numerator and denominator by 8 to get a denominator of 1.
8 fish 1 fish

#8
The unit rate is $1.25 per fish.

Exercises
Express each ratio as a fraction in simplest form.
2 3
1. 4 weeks to plan 2 events !! 2. 9 inches to 2 feet !!
1 8
2 8
3. 8 teaspoons to 12 forks !! 4. 16 cups to 10 servings !!
3 5
1 2
5. 7 shelves to 84 books !! 6. 6 teachers to 165 students !!
12 55
Express each ratio as a unit rate. Round to the nearest tenth, if necessary.
7. $58 for 5 tickets $11.60 per 1 ticket 8. $4.19 for 4 cans of soup $1.05 per can

9. $274.90 for 6 people 10. 565 miles in 12 hours


$45.82 per person 47.1 miles per hour

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 299 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-1 Skills Practice


Ratios and Rates

Express each ratio as a fraction in simplest form.

1. 8 pencils out of 12 pens 2. 42 textbooks to 28 students


2 3
!! !!
3 2
3. 27 rooms to 48 windows 4. 15 angel fish to 75 fish
9 1
!! !!
16 5
5. 75 cats to 100 dogs 6. 6 aces out of 24 serves
3 1
!! !!
4 4
7. 3 gallons to 15 quarts 8. 30 feet to 11 yards
4 10
!! !!
5 11

Express each ratio as a unit rate. Round to the nearest tenth, if necessary.
9. $9 for 6 cans of soup 10. $39 for a case of 75 bananas
$1.50 per can $0.52 per banana
11. 108 miles in 6 days 12. 51 meters in 8 seconds
18 miles per day 6.4 meters per second
13. 21 new pairs of sneakers in 7 years 14. 52 feet for 8 costumes
3 new pairs of sneakers per year 6.5 feet per costume
15. 40 sneezes in 20 minutes 16. $2702 from 28 people
2 sneezes per minute $96.50 per person

Convert each rate using dimensional analysis.


17. 12 m /min = ? cm /s 18. 8 qt/min = ? gal/ h
20 120
19. 44 yd/s = ? mi/h 20. 10 c/min = ? qt /h
90 150
21. 32 ft /h = ? yd/day 22. 56 mi /h = ? ft /min
256 4928
23. 40 cm /s = ? m/min 24. 180 in./min = ? yd/h
24 300

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 300 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-1 Practice
Ratios and Rates

Express each ratio as a fraction in simplest form.


1. 56 pencils out of 64 erasers 2. 25 calculators to 20 students
7 5
!! !!
8 4
3. 36 cassettes to 60 CDs 4. 18 minnows to 27 fish
3 2
!! !!
5 3

Lesson 6-1
5. 6 pounds to 256 ounces 6. 5 hours to 720 minutes
3 5
!! !!
8 12
7. 9 gallons to 48 quarts 8. 24 feet to 30 yards
3 4
!! !!
4 15
Express each ratio as a unit rate. Round to the nearest tenth, if necessary.

9. $4.60 for 5 cans of soup 10. $51 for a box of 75 tiles

$0.92 per can $0.68 per tile


11. 652 miles in 9 days 12. 116 meters in 12 seconds

72.4 miles per day 9.7 meters per second


13. 176 new employees in 22 years 14. 34 yards for 6 costumes

8 new employees per year 5.7 yards per costume


15. 55 pages in 25 minutes 16. $3015 from 36 people

2.2 pages per minute $83.75 per person

Convert each rate using dimensional analysis.

17. 18 m/min = ? cm /s 18. 5.7 gal/h = ? c/min

30 1.52
19. 264 yd/s = ? mi/h 20. 2 qt/min = ? gal/h

540 30
21. 99 in./s = ? mi /day (1 day = 24 h) 22. 154 mi/ h = ? in./s

135 2710.4
23. TRACK AND FIELD Rita sprinted 77 feet in 10 seconds. How many miles per hour is
this? 5.25 miles per hour

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 301 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-1 Reading to Learn Mathematics


Ratios and Rates

Pre-Activity How are ratios used in paint mixtures?


Do the activity at the top of page 264 in your textbook. Write your
answers below.

a. Which combination of paint would you use to make a smaller amount


of the same shade of paint? Explain. Combination B; It has the
same ratio as the original mixture but in a smaller amount.
b. Suppose you want to make the same shade of paint as the original
mixture. How many parts of yellow paint should you use for each part
of blue paint? For each part of blue paint, 2 parts yellow
paint should be used.

Reading the Lesson 1–3. See students’ work.


Write a definition and give an example of each new vocabulary word or phrase.
Vocabulary Definition Example
1. ratio

2. rate

3. unit rate

4. What is the difference between a ratio that compares measurements and a rate? The
units of measure in a ratio that compares two measurements must have
the same unit of measure. A rate is a comparison of two measurements
having different kinds of units.
Helping You Remember
5. The word rate is part of the term unit rate. Explain how a rate can be written as a unit
rate. Simplify the rate so it has a denominator of 1.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 302 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-1 Enrichment

Comparison Shopping
Rates are useful and meaningful when expressed as a unit rate. For
example, which is the better buy—one orange for $0.50 or 8 oranges
for $3.49?
To find the unit rate for 8 oranges, divide $3.49 by 8. The result is
$0.44 per orange. If a shopper needs to buy at least 8 oranges, then
8 oranges for $3.49 is the better buy.

Lesson 6-1
For each exercise below, rates are given in Column A and Column B. In the
blank next to each exercise number, write the letter of the column that contains
the better buy.

Column A Column B
A
______ 1. 1 apple for $0.19 3 apples for $0.59

A
______ 2. 20 pounds of pet food for 50 pounds of pet food for $37.99
$14.99

B
______ 3. A car that travels 308 miles A car that travels 406 miles on
on 11 gallons of gasoline 14 gallons of gasoline
B
______ 4. 10 floppy discs for $8.99 25 floppy discs for $19.75

B
______ 5. 1-gallon can of paint for 5-gallon can of paint for $67.45
$13.99

A
______ 6. 84 ounces of liquid detergent 48 ounces of liquid detergent for $6.19
for $10.64

A
______ 7. 5000 square feet of lawn food 12,500 square feet of lawn food for
for $11.99 $29.99
A
______ 8. 2 compact discs for $26.50 3 compact discs for $40.00

A
______ 9. 8 pencils for $0.99 12 pencils for $1.49

B 10. 1000 sheets of computer


______ 5000 sheets of computer paper for $41.99
paper for $8.95

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 303 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-2 Study Guide and Intervention


Using Proportions

A proportion is an equation stating that two ratios are equal. You can use cross products to solve a
proportion.

Example Solve the proportion !! ! !!.


14.1 3
c 4
14.1 3
!! " !!
c 4

14.1 $ 4 " c $ 3 Cross products.

56.4 " 3c Multiply.

56.4 3c
!! " !! Divide.
3 3

18.8 " c
The solution is 18.8.

Exercises
ALGEBRA Solve each proportion.
x 16 32 w 5 60
1. !! " !! 2. !! " !! 3. !! " !!
9 12 28 7 u 132
12 8 11
36 24 a 225 42 56
4. !! " !! 5. !! " !! 6. !! " !!
21 s 64 480 w 8
14 30 6
1 m 5 85 24 2
7. !! " !! 8. !! " !! 9. !! " !!
10 12 3 h g 30
1.2 51 360
f 57 22 121 2 k
10. !! " !! 11. !! " !! 12. !! " !!
21 63 z 16.5 3 12.6
19 3 8.4
r 5 d 1.5 46 360
13. !! " !! 14. !! " !! 15. !! " !!
9 20 21 3.5 57.5 q
2.25 9 450
4.2 d 1 4.5 0.3 4.75
16. !! " !! 17. !! " !! 18. !! " !!
4.8 80 c 11.7 n 14.25
70 2.6 0.9
9.1 1.3 0.4 y v 1
19. !! " !! 20. !! " !! 21. !! " !!
14.7 p 3 98.25 33.44 3.2
2.1 13.1 10.45

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 304 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-2 Skills Practice


Using Proportions

Determine whether each pair of ratios forms a proportion.


1 4 3 12 4 9
1. !!, !! 2. !!, !! 3. !!, !!
5 20 8 32 5 10
yes yes no
12 18 3 27 10 2
4. !!, !! 5. !!, !! 6. !!, !!
20 30 4 36 18 9
yes yes no
4 2 15 10 15 3
7. !!, !! 8. !!, !! 9. !!, !!
9 3 18 12 24 8
no yes no
36 50 10 5 12 9
10. !!, !! 11. !!, !! 12. !!, !!
72 100 8.4 4.2 4.8 3.2
yes yes no

Lesson 6-2
ALGEBRA Solve each proportion.
8 t n 4 3 12
13. !! " !! 14. !! " !! 15. !! " !!
4 8 9 18 v 32
16 2 8
25 s 21 3 c 5
16. !! " !! 17. !! " !! 18. !! " !!
60 12 28 w 12 6
5 4 10
4 5 12 m 2 6
19. !! " !! 20. !! " !! 21. !! " !!
r 20 18 81 9 k
16 54 27
h 3 3 u 6 1
22. !! " !! 23. !! " !! 24. !! " !!
35 7 16 40 a 3
15 7.5 18
e 6.4 2.7 3.6 1.68 7
25. !! " !! 26. !! " !! 27. !! " !!
9.5 7.6 3.0 x w 12
8.0 4 2.88

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 305 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-2 Practice
Using Proportions

Determine whether each pair of ratios forms a proportion.


5 20 12 27 8 1
1. !!, !! 2. !!, !! 3. !!, !!
8 32 28 63 50 43
yes yes no
40 56 6.4 32 12 90
4. !!, !! 5. !!, !! 6. !!, !!
48 42 16 80 18 135
no yes yes
21 56 9 3 12 8
7. !!, !! 8. !!, !! 9. !!, !!
24 64 16 4 32 3
yes no no
2.6 4.6 5.1 7.5 8.5 17
10. !!, !! 11. !!, !! 12. !!, !!
4 8 1.7 2.5 25 50
no yes yes

ALGEBRA Solve each proportion.


n 6 8 56 15 s
13. !! " !! 14. !! " !! 15. !! " !!
12 18 v 105 35 7
4 15 3
24 8 c 5 3 39
16. !! " !! 17. !! " !! 18. !! " !!
30 w 28 7 r 65
10 20 5
9 m 7.5 3.6 12 u
19. !! " !! 20. !! " !! 21. !! " !!
15 25 6.0 x 25 40
15 2.88 19.2
1 33 f 16 r 0.2
22. !! " !! 23. !! " !! 24. !! " !!
a 132 5 40 6.5 1.3
4 2 1
30 k 3.5 k 2.1 7
25. !! " !! 26. !! " !! 27. !! " !!
14 1.54 7.2 57.6 42 t
3.3 28 140
28. FOOD Gayle is making fruit punch that consists of 2 quarts of juice and 1 quart of soda
water. How much soda water does she need if she has 5 quarts of juice?
2.5 quarts

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 306 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-2 Reading to Learn Mathematics


Using Proportions

Pre-Activity How are proportions used in recipes?


Do the activity at the top of page 270 in your textbook. Write your
answers below.

a. For each of the first four ingredients, write a ratio that compares the
number of ounces of each ingredient to the number of ounces of water.
1 1 1
lemonade: !!; grape juice: !!; orange juice: !!; lemon-lime
7 7 7
10
soda: !!
21
b. Double the recipe. (Hint: Multiply each number of ounces by 2.) Then
write a ratio for the ounces of each of the first four ingredients to the
ounces of water as a fraction in simplest form.
1 1 1
lemonade: !!; grape juice: !!; orange juice: !!; lemon-lime
7 7 7
10
soda: !!

Lesson 6-2
21
c. Are the ratios in parts a and b the same? Why or why not?
Yes; each part was multiplied by the same number.

Reading the Lesson 1–2. See students’ work.


Write a definition and give an example of each new vocabulary word or phrase.
Vocabulary Definition Example
1. proportion

2. cross products

3 12
3. Do !! and !! form a proportion? Explain. Yes; both cross products are 60.
5 20
3 9
4. Write a ratio that forms a proportion with !!. Sample answer: !!
4 12
Helping You Remember
5. Proportion is a common word in the English language.

a. Write its definition. relation of parts to each other or to the whole

b. How does this definition relate to the one given on page 270 of your textbook?
A proportion is an equation that states how two ratios relate to each other.
c. Explain how cross products are used to solve a proportion. First find the cross
products and write an equation to show that they are equal. Then solve
the equation.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 307 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-2 Enrichment

Cross Products Proof


a c
Recall the Cross Products Property: If !! " !!, then ad " bc. Use the statements below to
b d
justify this property.

Write the reason for each statement.


1. Prove: ad " bc

Statement Reason
a c
!! " !! a. Given
b d
a c
bd $ !! " bd $ !! b. Mult. Prop. Equality
b d

! " ! "
1 1
bd $ a $ !! " bd $ c $ !! c. Rewrite division as multiplication.
b d

!b $ !b!" ad " !d $ !d!" cb


1 1
d. Comm. Prop. Mult.

1ad " 1cb e. Inverse Prop. Mult.

ad " bc f. Mult. Identity Prop.

Solve each proportion problem.


2. AGE The ratio of Brandi’s age to Jason’s age is 4:5. In eight years the ratio will be 6:7.
How old are Brandi and Jason now? 16 and 20

3. AGE The ratio of Drew’s age to Stacey’s age is 3:4. Four years ago the ratio was 2:3. How
old were Drew and Stacey four years ago? 8 and 12

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 308 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-3 Study Guide and Intervention


Scale Drawings and Models

A scale gives the relationship between the measurements on the drawing or model and the
measurements of the real object.

Example A map shows a scale of 1 inch ! 6 miles. The distance between two
places on the map is 4.25 inches. What is the actual distance?
Let x represent the actual distance. Write and solve a proportion.
map width → 1 inch " 4.25 inches ← map width
actual width → 6 miles x miles ← actual width
1 $ x " 6 $ 4.25 Find the cross products.

x " 25.5 Simplify.

The actual distance is 25.5 miles.

Exercises
On a set of architectural drawings for an office building, the scale is
0.25 inch ! 5 feet. Find the actual length of each room.

Room Drawing Distance Actual Distance


1. Lobby 1.6 inches 32 feet
2. CEO Office 1.35 inches 27 feet
3. 11 feet

Lesson 6-3
Copy Room 0.55 inch

4. CEO Secretary’s Office 0.6 inch 12 feet


5. Vice President’s Office 0.9 inch 18 feet
6. Library 1.525 inches 30.5 feet
7. Storage Area 2.1125 inches 42.25 feet
8. Personal Manager’s Office 1.7375 inches 34.75 feet
9. Manager’s Office 0.625 inch 12.5 feet
10. Mail Room 2.2625 inches 45.25 feet
11. Boiler Room 3.725 inches 74.5 feet
12. Conference Room A 2.62 inches 52.4 feet
13. Conference Room B 0.925 inch 18.5 feet
14. Cafeteria 2.3 inches 46 feet
15. Kitchen 2 inches 40 feet

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 309 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-3 Skills Practice


Scale Drawings and Models

On a set of architectural drawings for a new school building, the scale is


1
!! inch ! 2 feet. Find the missing lengths of the rooms.
4

Room Drawing Length Actual Length

1. Lobby 2 inches 16 feet

2. Principal’s Office 1.25 inches 10 feet


3. Library 2.5 inches 20 feet

4. School Room 3 inches 24 feet


5. Science Lab 1.5 inches 12 feet
6. Cafeteria 6 inches 48 feet

7. Music Room 4 inches 32 feet


8. Gymnasium 13 inches 104 feet
9. Auditorium 7 inches 56 feet

10. Teachers’ Lounge 1.75 inches 14 feet

11. Refer to Exercises 1–10. What is the scale factor?


1
!!
96
12. What is the scale factor if the scale is 10 inches = 1 foot?
10 5
!! or !!
12 6
13. STRUCTURES A barn is 40 feet wide by 100 feet long. Make a scale drawing of the
1
barn that has a scale of !! inch " 10 feet. Check students’ drawings. The width
2
is 2 inches and the length is 5 inches.
14. MAPS On a map, the key indicates that 1 centimeter equals 3.5 meters. A road is
shown on this map that runs for 30 centimeters. How long is this road? 105 m

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 310 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-3 Practice
Scale Drawings and Models

On a map, the scale is 5 centimeters ! 2 kilometers. Find the missing distances.

Location Map Distance Actual Distance

1. Town A to Town B 10 cm 4 km
2. Town A to Town C 25 cm 10 km

3. Town A to Town D 14 cm 5.6 km

4. Town A to Town E 2 cm 0.8 km


5. Town A to Town F 0.5 cm 0.2 km
6. Town A to Town G 8 cm 3.2 km

7. Town A to Town H 0.25 cm 0.1 km


8. Town A to Town I 6 cm 2.4 km

9. Town A to Town J 0.1 cm 0.04 km

10. Town A to Town K 1 cm 0.4 km


11. Town A to Town L 2.5 cm 1 km
12. Town A to Town M 1.2 cm 0.48 km

13. Refer to Exercises 1–12. What is the scale factor?

Lesson 6-3
5 1
!! or !!
200,000 40,000
14. What is the scale factor if the scale is 15 inches " 1 yard?
15 5
!! or !!
36 12
15. STRUCTURES A barn is 50 feet wide by 80 feet long. Make a scale drawing of the
1
barn that has a scale of !! inch " 10 feet. Check students’ drawings. The width
2
is 2.5 inches and the length is 4 inches.
16. PHOTOGRAPHY A man in a photograph is 1.5 inches in height. If the man is 6 feet tall,
what is the scale? 1 inch ! 4 feet

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 311 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-3 Reading to Learn Mathematics


Scale Drawings and Models

Pre-Activity How are scale drawings used in everyday life?


Do the activity at the top of page 276 in your textbook. Write your
answers below.

a. Suppose the landscape plans are drawn on graph paper and the side of
each square on the paper represents 2 feet. What is the actual width of
a rose garden if its width on the drawing is 4 squares long? 8 ft

b. All maps have a scale. How can the scale help you estimate the
distance between cities? Sample answer: Suppose a map has
a scale of 0.25 inch ! 10 miles, and two towns are 1 inch
apart. Since 1 inch is equivalent to four times 0.25 inch,
and each of the 0.25 inch equals 10 miles, this tells you
that the actual distance is 4 " 10 or 40 miles. Use a
0.25 1.0
proportion. ! ! ! !!
10 x

Reading the Lesson 1–4. See students’ work.


Write a definition and give an example of each new vocabulary word or phrase.

Vocabulary Definition Example


1. scale drawing

2. scale model

3. scale

4. scale factor

Helping You Remember


5. How is a scale different from a scale factor? A scale gives a relationship that
can contain different units of measure, while a scale factor is a ratio that
uses the same units of measure.

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NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-3 Enrichment

Direct Variation
If the relationship between two quantities is such that when one quantity increases, the
other increases, or when one quantity decreases, the other decreases, the quantities are said
to vary directly.

Example MONEY If 2 loaves of bread cost $1.60, how much will


3 loaves of the same type of bread cost?
The number of loaves and the cost vary directly; that is, as the
number of loaves increases, so does the cost.
2 loaves 3 loaves
! ! " !! For direct variations, place like
$1.60 x
quantities directly across from each
2x " 4.80 other in a proportion.

x " 2.40
The cost for 3 loaves of bread is $2.40.
Write a proportion to represent each situation. Then solve.

1. MONEY Three gallons of gasoline cost 2. DISTANCE At a rate of 50 mph, a car


$3.36. How much do 5 gallons cost? travels a distance of 600 miles. How far
3 5 will the car travel at a rate of 40 mph if it
!! ! !!; x ! 5.6; $5.60 is driven the same amount of time?
3.36 x
50 40
!! ! !!; x ! 480; 480 miles

Lesson 6-3
600 x
3. MONEY If the rent for two weeks is 4. MONEY If 8 newspapers cost $3.20, how
$500, how much rent is paid for 5 weeks? much will 6 newspapers cost?
2 5 8 6
!! ! !!; x ! 1250; $1250 !! ! !!; x ! 2.40; $2.40
500 x 3.20 x
5. WEIGHT If 9 fully loaded trucks carry a 6. TECHNOLOGY Twelve floppy disks can
total of 140,400 pounds, how many hold 16.8 million bytes of data. How
pounds can 3 trucks carry? many bytes will 20 floppy disks hold?
9 3 12 20
!! ! !!; x ! 46,800; !! ! !!; x ! 28,000,000;
140,400 x 16,800,000 x
46,800 pounds 28 million bytes

7. TECHNOLOGY If 12 floppy disks hold 8. HEALTH There are a total of 2100


16.8 million bytes of data, how many Calories in 5 candy bars (all the same
floppy disks are needed to hold 10 million kind). How many total Calories are there
bytes of data? in 3 dozen of these candy bars?
12 x 5 36
!! " !!; x ! 7.14; !! ! !!; x ! 15,120;
16,800,000 10,000,000 2100 x
8 disks are needed. 15,120 Calories

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 313 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-4 Study Guide and Intervention


Fractions, Decimals, and Percents

A percent is a ratio that compares a number to 100.

Example 1 Express the percent Example 2 Express the percent


as a fraction. as a decimal.
65% 150%
65
65% " !! Write as a fraction with 150% " 150% Divide by 100 and remove the %.
100 denominator of 100.
" 1.5
13 Simplify.
" !!
20

Example 3 Express the fraction Example 4 Express the decimal


as a percent. as a percent.
3 3.17
!!
20
3.17 " 3.17 Multiply by 100 and add the %.
3 15 " 317%
!! " !! or 15% Write equivalent fraction
20 100 with denominator of 100.

Exercises
Express each percent as a fraction or mixed number in simplest form and as a
decimal.
3 1 17
1. 12% !!, 0.12 2. 5% !!, 0.05 3. 17% !!, 0.17
25 20 100
18 1 1
4. 72% !!, 0.72 5. 150% 1!!, 1.5 6. 2% !!, 0.02
25 2 50
49 1 3
7. 98% !!, 0.98 8. 825% 8!!, 8.25 9. 0.6% !!, 0.006
50 4 500
Express each decimal or fraction as a percent. Round to the nearest tenth
percent, if necessary.

10. 0.3 30% 11. 0.21 21% 12. 0.09 9%


3 3
13. 3.255 325.5% 14. !! 60% 15. !! 37.5%
5 8
7 5 3
16. !! 77.8% 17. !! 71.4% 18. 4!! 475%
9 7 4

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 314 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-4 Skills Practice


Fractions, Decimals, and Percents

Express each percent as a fraction or mixed number in simplest form and


as a decimal.
1
1. 55% 2. 2% 3. 5!!% 4. 30%
2
11 1 11 3
!!, 0.55 !!, 0.02 !!, 0.055 !!, 0.30
20 50 200 10
5. 300% 6. 12% 7. 50% 8. 90%
3 3 1 9
!! or 3, 3 !!, 0.12 !!, 0.5 !!, 0.9
1 25 2 10
9. 85% 10. 28.2% 11. 0.25% 12. 0.2%
17 141 1 1
!!, 0.85 !!, 0.282 !!, 0.0025 !!, 0.002
20 500 400 500
13. 7.5% 14. 6% 15. 10% 16. 275%
3 3 1 3 11
!!, 0.075 !!, 0.06 !!, 0.1 2!! or !!, 2.75
40 50 10 4 4

Express each decimal or fraction as a percent. Round to the nearest tenth


percent, if necessary.

17. 0.65 18. 0.772 19. 0.6 20. 3.45

65% 77.2% 60% 345%


21. 0.47 22. 0.01 23. 22.6 24. 0.79

47% 1% 2260% 79%


25. 0.28 26. 0.355 27. 0.0015 28. 44

28% 35.5% 0.15% 4400%

Lesson 6-4
11 1 5 7
29. !! 30. !! 31. !! 32. !!
20 4 8 5

55% 25% 62.5% 140%


23 4 3 7
33. !! 34. !! 35. !! 36. !!
4 5 25 3

575% 80% 12% 233.3%


3 1 300 9
37. 2!! 38. !! 39. !! 40. !!
10 6 630 10

230% 16.7% 47.6% 90%

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 315 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-4 Practice
Fractions, Decimals, and Percents

Express each percent as a fraction or mixed number in simplest form and as a


decimal.
5 1
1. 35% 2. 8!!% 3. 10!!% 4. 8.4%
6 2
7 53 21 21
!!, 0.35 #
!!, 0.0883 !!, 0.105 !!, 0.084
20 600 200 250
1
5. 500% 6. 32% 7. 80% 8. !!%
8
5 8 4 1
!! or 5, 5 !!, 0.32 !!, 0.8 !!, 0.00125
1 25 5 800
9. 65% 10. 48.5% 11. 0.15% 12. 0.9%
13 97 3 9
!!, 0.65 !!, 0.485 !!, 0.0015 !!, 0.009
20 200 2000 1000
1 1
13. 2.5% 14. 25!!% 15. !!% 16. 820%
3 20
1 19 1 1 41
!!, 0.025 #
!!, 0.253 !!, 0.0005 8!! or !!, 8.2
40 75 2000 5 5

Express each decimal or fraction as a percent. Round to the nearest tenth


percent, if necessary.

17. 0.95 18. 0.255 19. 0.7 20. 8.75

95% 25.5% 70% 875%


21. 0.0048 22. 0.06 23. 19.8 24. 0.54

0.5% 6% 1980% 54%


25. 0.27 26. 0.802 27. 0.0007 28. 71

27% 80.2% 0.1% 7100%


33 9 3 11
29. !! 30. !! 31. !! 32. !!
40 32 8 4
82.5% 28.1% 37.5% 275%
35 1 14 4
33. !! 34. !! 35. !! 36. !!
8 5 25 11
437.5% 20% 56% 36.4%
2
37. SURVEYS In a survey, 44% of the people said they voted for Mr. Johnson, while !! of the
5
people said they voted for Ms. Smith. Which group is larger? Explain.
2
Since !! ! 40%, the group voting for Mr. Johnson is larger.
5

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 316 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-4 Reading to Learn Mathematics


Fractions, Decimals, and Percents

Pre-Activity How are percents related to fractions and decimals?


Do the activity at the top of page 281 in your textbook. Write your
answers below.

a. Write a ratio that compares the shaded region of each figure to its total
region as a fraction in simplest form.
3 3 4
!!; !!; !!
4 5 5
75 60 80
b. Rewrite each fraction using a denominator of 100. !!; !!; !!
100 100 100

c. Which figure has the greatest part of its area shaded? circle

d. Was it easier to compare the fractions in part a or part b? Explain.


Part b; the fractions have a common denominator.

Reading the Lesson


Write a definition and give an example of the new vocabulary word.

Vocabulary Definition Example


1. percent See students’ work.

2. Shade 50% of each grid below, using three different ways. Be creative. Sample
answers
are given.

Lesson 6-4
Helping You Remember
3. Percents can be expressed as fractions or decimals and vice versa. Fill in each box below
with an example of the process described. Answers will vary.

% → fraction % → decimal

fraction → % decimal → %

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 317 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-4 Enrichment

Using Graphs to Predict


SPORTS Refer to the graph at the right for Exercises 1–6.

1. Estimate the height to Olympic Pole Vault


the nearest foot that Gold Medal Winning Heights
pole vaulters probably
cleared in 1964. 16 ft
20
2. Estimate the year 18
when 14 feet was
Height (feet)

16
cleared for the
14
first time. 1932
12
3. Estimate the height to 10
the nearest foot that
8
pole vaulters probably
cleared in 1968. 17 ft
'28 '32 '36 '40 '44 '48 '52 '56 '60 '64 '68 '72 '76 '80 '84 '88 '92 '96 '00
4. Estimate the year Olympic Year
when 18 feet was
Source: The World Almanac
cleared for the
first time. 1972
5. If the Olympics had been held in 1940, predict what the winning height would
have been (to the nearest foot). 14 ft
6. Based on the trend from 1960 through 2000, would you predict the winning
height in 2004 to have been over or under 19 feet? over

FINANCE Refer to the graph at the right for Exercises 7–10.


7. Based on the trend from 1993 through
Personal Savings
1996, what level of savings would you
by Individuals in the U.S.
predict for 1997? About $250 billion
375
8. How does your prediction for 1997 350
compare with the actual level of savings
Savings (billions of dollars)

325
for 1997? About $25 billion too low
300
9. Based on the trend from 1993 through 275
1998, what level of savings would you 250
predict for 1999? About $200 billion
225
10. The actual level of savings in 1999 200
was $156.3 billion. How does your 175
prediction for 1999 compare with this
150
actual level? About $44 billion
too high 0
'93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99
Year

Source: Statistical Abstract for the United States

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 318 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-5 Study Guide and Intervention


Using the Percent Proportion

In a percent proportion, one of the numbers, called the part, is being compared to the whole
quantity, called the base. The other ratio is the percent, written as a fraction, whose base is 100.

Example 1 Find each percent.


a. Twelve is what percent of 16? b. What percent of 8 is 7?
a p 12 p a p 7 p
!! " !! → !! " !! Replace the variables. !! " !! → !! " !!
b 100 16 100 b 100 8 100
12 $ 100 " p $ 16 Find the cross products. p $ 8 " 100 $ 7
1200 " 16p Simplify. 700 " 8p
75 " p Divide. 87.5 " p
So, twelve is 75% of 16. So, 87.5% of 8 is 7.

Example 2 Find the part or the base.

a. What number is 1.4% of 15? b. 225 is 36% of what number?


a p a 1.4 a p 225 36
!! " !! → !! " !! Replace the variables. !! " !! → !! " !!
b 100 15 100 b 100 b 100
a $ 100 " 15 $ 1.4 Find the cross products. 225 $ 36 " 100 $ b
100a " 21 Simplify. 22,500 " 36b
a " 0.21 Divide. 625 " b
So, 0.21 is 1.4% of 15. So, 225 is 36% of 625.

Exercises
Use the percent proportion to solve each problem. Round to the nearest tenth.

1. 48 is what percent of 52? 92.3% 2. 295 is what percent of 400? 73.8%

3. What percent of 22 is 56? 254.5% 4. What percent of 4 is 15? 375%

5. What is 99% of 840? 831.6 6. What is 4.5% of 38? 1.7

7. What is 16% of 36.2? 5.8 8. 85 is 80% of what number? 106.3

9. 60 is 29% of what number? 206.9 10. 4.5 is 90% of what number? 5


Lesson 6-5

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NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-5 Skills Practice


Using the Percent Proportion

Use the percent proportion to solve each problem. Round to the nearest tenth.
1. 64 is what percent of 200? 2. What percent of 12 is 9?
32% 75%
3. 2 is what percent of 80? 4. What percent of 42 is 32?
2.5% 76.2%
5. 10 is what percent of 60? 6. What percent of 30 is 6?
16.7% 20%
7. 15 is what percent of 24? 8. What percent of 36 is 9?
62.5% 25%
9. 28 is what percent of 42? 10. What percent of 72 is 21?
66.7% 29.2%
11. 8 is 40% of what number? 12. 16 is 5% of what number?
20 320
13. 25 is 80% of what number? 14. 0.84 is 28% of what number?
31.3 3
15. 71 is 10% of what number? 16. 52 is 97% of what number?
710 53.6
17. 39 is 17% of what number? 18. 12 is 4% of what number?
229.4 300
19. 48.5 is 7% of what number? 20. What is 10.6% of 11?
692.9 1.2
21. What is 15% of 98.4? 22. What is 0.5% of 75?
14.8 0.4
23. What is 4% of 512.5? 24. What is 50% of 1?
20.5 0.5
25. What is 25% of 12? 26. What is 12% of 25?
3 3
27. What is 90% of 50? 28. What is 50% of 90?
45 45

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 320 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-5 Practice
Using the Percent Proportion

Use the percent proportion to solve each problem. Round to the nearest tenth.

1. 128 is what percent of 640? 2. What percent of 21 is 28?

20% 133.3%
3. 3.4 is what percent of 5? 4. What percent of 930 is 720?

68% 77.4%
5. 15 is what percent of 120? 6. What percent of 24 is 21?

12.5% 87.5%
7. 36 is what percent of 40? 8. What percent of 48 is 0.6?

90% 1.3%
9. 12 is 80% of what number? 10. 15 is 4% of what number?

15 375
11. 33 is 90% of what number? 12. 0.24 is 36% of what number?

36.7 0.7
13. 19 is 10% of what number? 14. 49 is 77% of what number?

190 63.6
15. 42 is 7.5% of what number? 16. 65 is 5% of what number?

560 1300
17. 27.5 is 2% of what number? 18. What is 15.8% of 21?

1375 3.3
19. What is 65% of 441.1? 20. What is 0.4% of 82?

286.7 0.3
21. What is 7% of 329.8? 22. What is 88% of 1?

23.1 0.9
23. What is 35% of 20? 24. What is 20% of 35?
Lesson 6-5

7 7
25. PAINT About 42% of a paint mix is white. A painter orders 18 gallons of the paint mix.
How much of it is white? 7.56 gallons

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 321 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-5 Reading to Learn Mathematics


Using the Percent Proportion

Pre-Activity Why are percents important in real-world situations?


Do the activity at the top of page 288 in your textbook. Write your
answers below.

a. Write a ratio that compares the amount of copper to the total amount
of metal in the outer layer. 3 to 4
3
b. Write the ratio as a fraction and as a percent. !! , 75%
4

Reading the Lesson 1–3. See students’ work.


Write a definition and give an example of each new vocabulary word or phrase.

Vocabulary Definition Example


1. percent
proportion

2. part

3. base

4. In a percent proportion, the percent is always written as a fraction whose denominator

is 100 .

5. What can percent proportions be used to do? solve problems that involve
percents

Helping You Remember


6. Fill in the blanks to identify the base, the part, and the percent in the following percent
proportion.
Part 13 65 Percent
!! " ! !
Base 20 100

What letter do both numerators begin with? p

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 322 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-5 Enrichment

Percent Puzzle
Solve each problem.

1. 8% of 75 6 2. 16% of 80 12.8 3. 20% of 85 17 Answers


6 " F
4. 17% of 300 51 5. 40% of 170 68 6. 50% of 380 190 12.8 " U
17 " R
45 " G
1 1 "
7. 75% of 160 120 8. 33 !! % of 240 80 9. 62 !! % of 72 45 51 A
3 2 54 " T
66 " I
2
10. 30% of 180 54 11. 66 !! % of 210 140 12. 80% of 160 128 68 " D
3 80 " N
112.5 " S
13. 110% of 60 66 14. 95% of 300 285 15. 150% of 75 112.5 120 " Y
128 " P
140 " X
16. 400% of 50 200 190 " H
200 " O
285 " E

Find the answer to each exercise above and note the letter next to it. Put this
letter on the line or lines below that correspond to the exercise number.
HOW MUCH DID THE WORLD’S LARGEST PIZZA WEIGH?
E I G H T E E N
14 13 9 6 10 14 14 8

T H O U S A N D
10 6 16 2 15 4 8 5

S I X H U N D R E D
15 13 11 6 2 8 5 3 14 5

S I X T Y - F O U R
15 13 11 10 7 1 16 2 3
Lesson 6-5

P O U N D S
12 16 2 8 5 15

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 323 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-6 Study Guide and Intervention


Finding Percents Mentally

When working with common percents like 10%, 25%, 40%, and 50%, it may be helpful to use the
fraction form of the percent.

Percent-Fraction Equivalents
1 1 1 1 1 2 1
20% " !! 10% " !! 25% " !! 12 !!% " !! 16! !% " !!
5 10 4 2 8 3 6
2 3 1 1 3 1 1
40% " !! 30% " !! 50% " !! 37 !!% " !! 33 !!% " !!
5 10 2 2 8 3 3
3 7 3 1 5 2 2
60% " !! 70% " !! 75% " !! 62 !!% " !! 66 !!% " !!
5 10 4 2 8 3 3
4 9 1 7 1 5
80% " !! 90% " !! 100% " 1 87! !% " !! 83 !!% " !!
5 10 2 8 3 6

Example Find 20% of 35 mentally.


1
20% of 35 " !! of 35 1
Think: 20% = !!.
5 5

"7 1
Think: !! of 35 is 7. So, 20% of 35 is 7.
5

Exercises
Find the percent of each number mentally.

1. 50% of 6 3 2. 25% of 100 25 3. 60% of 25 15


2
4. 75% of 28 21 5. 66 !!% of 33 22 6. 150% of 2 3
3
7. 125% of 4 5 8. 175% of 4 7 9. 10% of 110 11

10. 80% of 20 16 11. 20% of 80 16 12. 20% of 800 160

13. 90% of 600 540 14. 25% of 240 60 15. 50% of 7 3.5

16. 30% of 250 75 17. 60% of 250 150 18. 75% of 1000 750

19. 10% of 900 90 20. 20% of 900 180 21. 40% of 900 360

22. 25% of 360 90 23. 50% of 360 180 24. 75% of 360 270
1 2
25. 25% of 56 14 26. 33 !!% of 363 121 27. 16 !! % of 66 11
3 3
1 1
28. 62 !!% of 32 20 29. 37 !!% of 32 12 30. 200% of 21 42
2 2
2 1
31. 66 !!% of 54 36 32. 150% of 2222 3333 33. 12 !!% of 720 90
3 2
2
34. 30% of 30 9 35. 66 !!% of 150 100 36. 80% of 1500 1200
3

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 324 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-6 Skills Practice


Finding Percents Mentally

Lesson 6-6
Find the percent of each number mentally.
1. 10% of 582 2. 50% of 86 3. 40% of 1500
58.2 43 600
4. 20% of 75 5. 15% of 20 6. 80% of 45
15 3 36
7. 30% of 120 8. 75% of 44 9. 5% of 40
36 33 2
1 1
10. 33!!% of 99 11. 60% of 450 12. 37!!% of 56
3 2
33 270 21
13. 25% of 480 14. 300% of 5 15. 150% of 82
120 15 123
2
16. 66!!% of 210 17. 125% of 800 18. 175% of 400
3
140 1000 700

Estimate. 19–36. Sample answers are given.


19. 28% of 19 20. 55% of 32 21. 87% of 158
3 1 7
!! of 20; 6 !! of 30; 15 !! of 160; 140
10 2 8
22. 35% of 544 23. 42% of 495 24. 19% of 319
1 2 1
!! of 540; 180 !! of 500; 200 !! of 320; 64
3 5 5
25. 65% of 73 26. 8% of 224 27. 83% of 9
2 1 4
!! of 75; 50 !! of 200; 20 !! of 10; 8
3 10 5
28. 17% of 331 29. 78% of 14 30. 12% of 879
1 4 1
!! of 325; 65 !! of 15; 12 !! of 900; 90
5 5 10
1 1 1
31. !!% of 941 32. !!% of 376 33. !!% of 2052
3 2 5
1 1 1
!! of 9; 3 !! of 4; 2 !! of 20; 4
3 2 5
34. 164% of 318 35. 247% of 192 36. 508% of 1073
300 # 150; 450 400 # 100; 500 5 " 1100; 5500

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 325 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-6 Practice
Finding Percents Mentally

Find the percent of each number mentally.


1. 10% of 812 2. 50% of 1044 3. 40% of 25
81.2 522 10
1
4. 20% of 45 5. 62!!% of 80 6. 80% of 15
2
9 50 12
2
7. 30% of 400 8. 75% of 880 9. 16!!% of 72
3
120 660 12
1 1
10. 33!!% of 150 11. 60% of 2500 12. 37!!% of 48
3 2
50 1500 18
13. 25% of 244 14. 900% of 3 15. 150% of 260
61 27 390

Estimate. 16–33. Sample answers are given.


16. 31% of 62 17. 65% of 83 18. 87% of 850
3 2 7
!! of 60; 18 !! of 81; 54 !! of 800; 700
10 3 8
19. 32% of 26 20. 47% of 213 21. 22% of 536
1 1 1
!! of 27; 9 !! of 200; 100 !! of 500; 100
3 2 5
22. 68% of 12 23. 11% of 29 24. 78% of 4
2 1 3
!! of 12; 8 !! of 30; 3 !! of 4; 3
3 10 4
25. 21% of 18 26. 73% of 91 27. 8% of 1008
1 3 1
!! of 20; 4 !! of 88; 66 !! of 1000; 100
5 4 10
1 1 2
28. !!% of 381 29. !!% of 567 30. !!% of 856
2 6 3
1 1 2
!! of 4; 2 !! of 6; 1 !! of 9; 6
2 6 3
31. 210% of 425 32. 153% of 801 33. 689% of 2981
2 " 400; 800 800 # 400; 1200 7 " 3000; 21,000
34. MONEY Last week a waitress made $204 in tips. This week she made 135% of that.
How much did she make this week? $275.40

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 326 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-6 Reading to Learn Mathematics


Finding Percents Mentally

Lesson 6-6
Pre-Activity How is estimation used when determining sale prices?
Do the activity at the top of page 293 in your textbook. Write your
answers below.

a. What is the sale price of each item? Tennis racquet: $34;


baseball hat: $7.50; baseball glove: $18.50; football: $22
b. What percent represents half off? 50%

c. Suppose the items are on sale for 25% off. Explain how you would
determine the sale price. Sample answer: Divide the
regular price by 4 and then subtract the result from
the original price.

Reading the Lesson


1. Give an example of a real-life situation in which you can estimate with percents.
Sample answer: determining the amount of a tip
2. When can you find the percent of a number mentally? when working with common
percents like 10%, 25%, 40%, and 50%

Helping You Remember


3. Name the three methods that can be used to estimate with percents. Give an example
of each. Examples will vary. See students’ work.

Method Example
Fraction
1%
Meaning of Percent

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 327 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-6 Enrichment

Finding the Percent One Number Is of Another


Solve. Use the circle graph.
1. How much money did Eric spend on Cost of Eric’s
all the camera equipment? $520
Camera Equipment

2. What percent of the total cost of the


equipment did Eric spend on the
camera? 47%
Camera
$244.40
3. What percent of the total cost was
spent on the camera case? 6%

4. What percent of the total cost was Camera Case


spent on the flash? 11% $31.20
Wide-Angle Lens
Tripod $140.40
5. What percent of the total cost was $46.80
Flash
spent on the wide-angle lens? 27% $57.20

6. What percent of the total cost was


spent on the tripod? 9%

7. What percent of the total cost was spent on the camera case, tripod, and flash? 26%

1
8. The salesperson who sold Eric the equipment earned a 6!!% commission on the sale.
2
How much was the commission? $33.80

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 328 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-7 Study Guide and Intervention


Using Percent Equations

The percent equation is an equivalent form of the percent proportion. In the percent equation, the
percent is written as a decimal.

Example Solve each problem using the percent equation.


a. Find 22% of 95. b. 15 is what percent of 75?
n " 0.22(95) 15 " n(75)

Lesson 6-7
n " 20.9 0.2 " n
So, 22% of 95 is 20.9. So, 15 is 20% of 75.

c. 90 is 20% of what number?


90 " 0.2n
450 " n
So, 90 is 20% of 450.

Exercises
Solve each problem using the percent equation.

1. Find 76% of 25. 19 2. Find 9% of 410. 36.9

3. Find 40% of 7. 2.8 4. Find 26% of 505. 131.3

5. Find 3.5% of 280. 9.8 6. Find 18.5% of 60. 11.1

7. Find 107% of 1080. 1155.6 8. 256 is what percent of 800? 32%

9. 36 is what percent of 240? 15% 10. 2089.5 is what percent of 2100? 99.5%

11. 15.4 is what percent of 55? 28% 12. 7 is what percent of 350? 2%

13. 13.2 is what percent of 80? 16.5% 14. 14.4 is what percent of 120? 12%

15. 36 is 9% of what number? 400 16. 2925 is 39% of what number? 7500

17. 576 is 90% of what number? 640 18. 24.2 is 55% of what number? 44

19. 25 is 125% of what number? 20 20. 0.6 is 7.5% of what number? 8

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 329 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-7 Skills Practice


Using Percent Equations

Solve each problem using the percent equation.


1. What is 5% of 80? 2. What is 10% of 100?
4 10
3. What is 58% of 35? 4. What is 32% of 150?
20.3 48
5. What is 91% of 3800? 6. Find 25% of 68.
3458 17
7. Find 80% of 75. 8. Find 75% of 80.
60 60
9. Find 1.5% of 8400. 10. Find 33.5% of 22.
126 7.37
11. 23 is what percent of 115? 12. 27 is what percent of 75?
20% 36%
13. 80 is what percent of 160? 14. 85 is what percent of 500?
50% 17%
15. 48 is what percent of 30? 16. 321.3 is what percent of 918?
160% 35%
17. 0.6 is what percent of 2? 18. 126 is what percent of 140?
30% 90%
19. 21 is what percent of 1050? 20. 78 is what percent of 40?
2% 195%
21. 29 is 50% of what number? 22. 9 is 45% of what number?
58 20
23. 16 is 4% of what number? 24. 336 is 48% of what number?
400 700
25. 52 is 25% of what number? 26. 99 is 90% of what number?
208 110
27. 343 is 70% of what number? 28. 57 is 1% of what number?
490 5700
29. 193.6 is 32% of what number? 30. 87.1 is 67% of what number?
605 130
© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 330 Glencoe Pre-Algebra
NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-7 Practice
Using Percent Equations

Solve each problem using the percent equation.


1. What is 5% of 224? 2. What is 18% of 65?
11.2 11.7
3. What is 63% of 300? 4. What is 40% of 980?
189 392
5. What is 18% of 650? 6. Find 2% of 820.

Lesson 6-7
117 16.4
7. Find 75% of 312. 8. Find 312% of 75.
234 234
9. Find 5.6% of 1050. 10. Find 21.4% of 855.
58.8 182.97
11. 52.3 is what percent of 1046? 12. 48 is what percent of 75?
5% 64%
13. 100 is what percent of 250? 14. 96 is what percent of 400?
40% 24%
15. 10 is what percent of 625? 16. 49.8 is what percent of 415?
1.6% 12%
17. 0.4 is what percent of 5? 18. 157 is what percent of 2512?
8% 6.25%
19. 1206 is what percent of 8040? 20. 63 is what percent of 60?
15% 105%
21. 13 is 50% of what number? 22. 121 is 22% of what number?
26 550
23. 11 is 4% of what number? 24. 438 is 24% of what number?
275 1825
25. 612 is 25% of what number? 26. 960 is 30% of what number?
2448 3200
27. 3570 is 42% of what number? 28. 8 is 1% of what number?
8500 800
29. SHOPPING A jacket is on sale at 15% off the original price of $68.00. What is the sale
price? $57.80

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 331 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-7 Reading to Learn Mathematics


Using Percent Equations

Pre-Activity How is the percent proportion related to an equation?


Do the activity at the top of page 298 in your textbook. Write your
answers below.

a. Use the percent proportion to find the amount of tax on a $35 purchase
for each state. AL: $1.40; CT: $2.10; NM: $1.75; TX: $2.19

b. Express each tax rate as a decimal. AL: 0.04; CT: 0.06; NM:
0.05; TX: 0.0625
c. Multiply the decimal form of the tax rate by $35 to find the amount of
tax on the $35 purchase for each state. AL: $1.40; CT: $2.10;
NM: $1.75; TX: $2.19
d. How are the amounts of tax in parts a and c related? They are
the same.

Reading the Lesson 1–3. See students’ work.


Write a definition and give an example of each new vocabulary word or phrase.

Vocabulary Definition Example


1. percent equation

2. discount

3. simple interest

Helping You Remember


4. The label above each oval represents what is missing from a percent equation. In each
oval, write and solve a percent equation to find that missing information. Sample
answers are given.
Missing Base Missing Part Missing Percent

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 332 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-7 Enrichment

Compound Interest
Interest may be paid, or compounded, annually (each year), semiannually (twice per year),
quarterly (four times per year), monthly (once per month), or daily.

1
Example FINANCE George had $100 in an account for 1!! years that paid 8%
2
interest compounded semiannually. What was the total amount in
1
his account at the end of 1!! years?

Lesson 6-7
2
1 1
At the end of !! year: Interest: $100 % 0.08 % !! " $4.00
2 2
New Principal: $100 & $4 " $104

1
At the end of 1 year: Interest: $104 % 0.08 % !! " $4.16
2
New Principal: $104 & $4.16 " $108.16

1 1
At the end of 1!! years: Interest: $108.16 % 0.08 % !! " $4.33
2 2
New Principal: $108.16 & $4.33 " $112.49

Find the total amount for each of the following.

Principal Rate Time Compounded Total Amount


1
1. $200 6% 1 !! years semiannually $218.55
2
2. $300 5% 2 years semiannually $331.14
3. $100 6% 1 year quarterly $106.14
3
4. $500 8% !! year quarterly $530.60
4
5. $500 10% 4 months monthly $516.88
1
6. $800 8% !! year monthly $816.10
4
7. $1000 8% 4 years annually $1360.49
1
8. $700 6% 1 !! years semiannually $764.91
2

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 333 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-8 Study Guide and Intervention


Percent of Change

A percent of change tells how much an amount has increased or decreased in relation to the
original amount. There are two methods you can use to find percent of change.

Example Find the percent of change from 75 yards to 54 yards.


Step 1 Subtract to find the amount of change.
54 ' 75 " –21 new measurement – original measurement

Step 2 Write a ratio that compares the amount of change to the original measurement.
Express the ratio as a percent.
amount of change
percent of change " !!!

'21
" !! Substitution
75
" '0.28 or '28% Write the decimal as a percent.

Exercises
State whether each change is a percent of increase or a percent of decrease. Then
find the percent of change. Round to the nearest tenth, if necessary.

1. from 22 inches to 16 inches 2. from 8 years to 10 years

D; $27.3% I; 25%
3. from $815 to $925 4. from 15 meters to 12 meters

I; 13.5% D; $20%
5. from 55 people to 217 people 6. from 45 mi per gal to 24 mi per gal

I; 294.5% D; $46.7%
7. from 28 cm to 32 cm 8. from 128 points to 144 points

I; 14.3% I; 12.5%
9. from $8 to $2.50 10. from 800 roses to 639 roses

D; $68.8% D; $20.1%
11. from 8 tons to 4.2 tons 12. from 5 qt to 18 qt

D; $47.5% I; 260%
13. from $85.75 to $90.15 14. from 198 lb to 112 lb

I; 5.1% D; $43.4%

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 334 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-8 Skills Practice


Percent of Change

State whether each change is a percent of increase or a percent of decrease. Then


find the percent of change. Round to the nearest tenth, if necessary.

1. from 12 m to 18 m 2. from 27 days to 30 days

I; 50% I; 11.1%
3. from $48.50 to $38.80 4. from 25 lb to 12 lb

D; $20% D; $52%
5. from 10 mm to 3 mm 6. from $875 to $1000

D; $70% I; 14.3%
7. from $18.10 to $22.50 8. from 32 people to 3040 people

I; 24.3% I; 9400%

Lesson 6-8
9. from 28 stray cats to 5 stray cats 10. from 12 words to 90 words

D; $82.1% I; 650%
11. from 47 mph to 35 mph 12. from 8 computers to 15 computers

D; $25.5% I; 87.5%
13. from 34 workers to 28 workers 14. from 8056 snowflakes to 6381 snowflakes

D; $17.6% D; $20.8%
15. from 201 sales to 148 sales 16. from 153 balls to 380 balls

D; $26.4% I; 148.4%
17. from 5 miles to 8 miles 18. from 850 singers to 715 singers

I; 60% D; $15.9%
19. from 9 horses to 11 horses 20. from 900 CDs to 1100 CDs

I; 22.2% I; 22.2%
21. from 14 cheerleaders to 12 cheerleaders 22. from 140 members to 120 members

D; $14.3% D; $14.3%
23. from $200 to $210 24. from $210 to $200

I; 5% D; $04.8%
25. from 300 s to 8 s 26. from 8 s to 300 s

D; $97.3% I; 3650%

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 335 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-8 Practice
Percent of Change

State whether each change is a percent of increase or a percent of decrease. Then


find the percent of change. Round to the nearest tenth, if necessary.

1. from 4 m to 5 m 2. from 75 minutes to 100 minutes

I; 25% I; 33.3%
3. from $9.25 to $6.50 4. from 45 quarts to 8 quarts

D; $29.7% D; $82.2%
5. from 21 mm to 13 mm 6. from $457 to $1000

D; $38.1% I; 118.8%
7. from $39.50 to $40.00 8. from 9 students to 856 students

I; 1.3% I; 9411.1%
9. from 24 kittens to 7 kittens 10. from 15 songs to 105 songs

D; $70.8% I; 600%
11. from 31 mph to 25 mph 12. from 4 paintings to 13 paintings

D; $19.4% I; 225%
13. from 55 teachers to 41 teachers 14. from 9780 birds to 8011 birds

D; $25.5% D; $18.1%
15. from 524 sales to 315 sales 16. from 28 houses to 460 houses

D; $39.9% I; 1542.9%
17. from 2 miles to 10 miles 18. from 1000 voters to 840 voters

I; 400% D; $16%
19. from 3 lizards to 21 lizards 20. from 300 horses to 2100 horses

I; 600% I; 600%
21. from 25 disks to 22 disks 22. from 250 movies to 220 movies

D; $12% D; $12%
23. from $34 to $31 24. from $3400 to $3100

D; $8.8% D; $8.8%
25. COOKIES On Tuesday, a baker sold 132 cookies. On Wednesday, she sold 108 cookies.
Find the percent of change to the nearest tenth of a percent. $18.2%

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 336 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-8 Reading to Learn Mathematics


Percent of Change

Pre-Activity How can percents help to describe a change in area?


Do the activity at the top of page 304 in your textbook. Write your
answers below.
Draw each pair of rectangles. Then compare the rectangles. Express
the increase as a fraction and as a percent.

a. X: 2 units by 3 units b. G: 2 units by 5 units


Y: 2 units by 4 units H: 2 units by 6 units
1 1 1
!! or 33 !!% !! or 20%
3 3 5
c. J: 2 units by 4 units d. P: 2 units by 6 units
K: 2 units by 5 units Q: 2 units by 7 units
1 1 2
!! or 25% !! or 16 !!%
4 6 3

Lesson 6-8
e. For each pair of rectangles, the change in area is 2 square units.
Explain why the percent of change is different. The percent of
change is different because the area of each original
rectangle is different.

Reading the Lesson 1–3. See students’ work.


Write a definition and give an example of each new vocabulary phrase.

Vocabulary Definition Example


1. percent of change

2. percent of increase

3. percent of decrease

Helping You Remember


4. For a percent of increase, is the percent of change always positive or negative? Why?
Positive; The smaller amount is always subtracted from the larger amount.
5. For a percent of decrease, is the percent of change always positive or negative? Why?
Negative; The larger amount is always subtracted from the smaller amount.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 337 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-8 Enrichment

Finance Charges
Payments This Is This Is
Previous Total Returns *FINANCE Your Payments Your
Balance Purchases & Other CHARGE New Overdue Minimum
Credits Balance Payment
245.67 138.56 184.23 2.94 202.94 25.00

*ANNUAL PERCENTAGE RATE OF 15% COMPUTED


ON THE AVERAGE DAILY BALANCE OF $235.19.

Eileen Farrell received her monthly statement for her department store charge account. She
left part of her balance unpaid last month. Her statement says that her finance charge is
$2.94. This is computed at the annual rate of 15% on an average daily balance of $235.19. Is
the charge correct?

Example FINANCE Compute the monthly finance charge for Eileen’s unpaid
balance.
The annual percentage rate is 15%. To find the monthly rate, divide
by 12. Let B = average daily balance, R = monthly rate, and
P = annual percentage rate.
Monthly rate: 15% # 12 " 1.25% Compute 1.25% of $235.19.

B $ R " P → 235.19 $ 0.0125 " P 1.25% " 0.0125

2.939875 " P
2.94 " P Round to the nearest cent.

The finance charge is $2.94. The statement is correct.

Find the monthly finance charge to the next cent on each average daily balance.

1. Balance: $165.00 2. Balance: $231.00


Annual percentage rate: 18% $2.48 Annual percentage rate: 15% $2.89

3. Balance: $713.00 4. Balance: $147.93


Annual rate: 12% $7.13 Annual rate: 15.5% $1.91

5. Balance: $419.60 6. Balance: $175.14


Annual rate: 14% $4.90 Annual rate: 16% $2.34

7. Balance: $450.00 8. Balance: $368.50


Annual rate: 17% $6.38 Annual rate: 18% $5.53

9. Balance: $250.50 10. Balance: $654.90


1 Annual rate: 12.5% $6.82
Annual rate: 18 !!% $3.86
2
© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 338 Glencoe Pre-Algebra
NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-9 Study Guide and Intervention


Probability and Predictions

Probability is the chance some event will happen.


(number of favorable outcomes)
P(event) " !!!!
(number of possible outcomes)

Example A bag contains 6 red marbles, 1 blue marble, and 3 yellow marbles. One
marble is selected at random. Find the probability of each outcome.
a. P(yellow) b. P(blue or yellow)
(number of favorable outcomes) (number of favorable outcomes)
P(event) " !!!! P(event) " !!!!

3 (1 & 3) 4
" !! or 30% " !! " !! or 40%
10 10 10
There is a 30% chance of choosing There is a 40% chance of choosing
a yellow marble. a blue or yellow marble.

c. P(red, blue, or yellow) d. P(black)


(number of favorable outcomes) (number of favorable outcomes)
P(event) " !!!! P(event) " !!!!

(6 & 1 & 3) 10 0
" !! " !! or 100% " !! or 0%
10 10 10
There is a 100% chance of choosing There is a 0% chance of choosing
a red, blue, or yellow marble. a black marble.

Lesson 6-9
Exercises
A bag contains 5 red marbles, 5 blue marbles, 6 green marbles, 8 purple marbles,
and 1 white marble. One is selected at random. Find the probability of each
outcome. Express each probability as a fraction and as a percent.

1. P(white) 2. P(red) 3. P(green)


1 1 6
!! , 4% !! , 20% !! , 24%
25 5 25
4. P(purple) 5. P(white, blue, green) 6. P(red or blue)
8 12 2
!! , 32% !! , 48% !! , 40%
25 25 5
7. P(red or purple) 8. P(green or purple) 9. P(green, purple, or white)
13 14 3
!! , 52% ! , 56% !! , 60%
25 5
10. P(red, blue, green, purple, or white) 11. P(red, blue, or purple)
1 18
!! , 100% !! , 72%
1 25

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 339 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-9 Skills Practice


Probability and Predictions
16 1
15
A spinner like the one shown is used in a game.

14

2
Determine the probability of each outcome if

13

3
the spinner is equally likely to land on each
section. Express each probability as a fraction

12

4
and as a percent.

11

5
1. P(10) 2. P(odd)

10

6
9 7
1 1 8
!!, 6.25% !!, 50%
16 2
3. P(greater than 7) 4. P(prime) 5. P(1 or 2)
9 3 1
!!, 56.25% !!, 37.5% !!, 12.5%
16 8 8
6. P(less than 5) 7. P(Shaded) 8. P(Not shaded)
1 5 11
!!, 25% !!, 31.3% !!, 68.75%
4 16 16

There are 4 red marbles, 1 blue marble, 9 green marbles, and 6 yellow marble in
a bag. Suppose one marble is selected at random. Find the probability of each
outcome. Express each probability as a fraction and as a percent.

9. P(red) 10. P(blue) 11. P(yellow)


1 1 3
!!, 20% !!, 5% !!, 30%
5 20 10
12. P(red or blue) 13. P(white) 14. P(red, blue, or green)
1 0 7
!!, 25% !!, 0% !!, 70%
4 1 10

Suppose two 1–6 number cubes are rolled. Find the probability of each outcome.
Express each probability as a fraction and as a percent. (Hint: Make a table to
show the sample space as in Example 2.) Round to the nearest tenth, if necessary.

15. P(3 or 5) 16. P(both even) 17. P(odd product)


5 1 1
!!, 55.6% !!, 25% !!, 25%
9 4 4
18. P(sum more than 10) 19. P(both the same) 20. P(product is a square)
1 1 2
!!, 8.3% !!, 16.7% !!, 22.2%
12 6 9

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 340 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-9 Practice
Probability and Predictions 16
15 1

14

2
A spinner like the one shown is used in a game.

13
Determine the probability of each outcome if the

3
spinner is equally likely to land on each section.

12

4
Express each probability as a fraction and as
a percent.

11

5
10

6
1. P(15) 2. P(even) 9 8
7

1 1
!!, 6.25% !!, 50%
16 2
3. P(greater than 10) 4. P(perfect square) 5. P(1 or 2)
3 1 1
!!, 37.5 !!, 25% !!, 12.5%
8 4 8
6. P(less than 9) 7. P(not shaded) 8. P(shaded)
1 9 7
!!, 50% !!, 56.25% !!, 43.75%
2 16 16

There are 8 red marbles, 5 blue marbles, 11 green marbles, and 1 yellow marble in
a bag. Suppose one marble is selected at random. Find the probability of each
outcome. Express each probability as a fraction and as a percent.

9. P(red) 10. P(blue) 11. P(yellow)


8 1 1

Lesson 6-9
!!, 32% !!, 20% !!, 4%
25 5 25
12. P(red or blue) 13. P(black) 14. P(red, blue, or green)
13 0 24
!!, 52% !!, 0% !!, 96%
25 1 25

Suppose two 1–6 number cubes are rolled. Find the probability of each outcome.
Express each probability as a fraction and as a percent. (Hint: Make a table to
show the sample space as in Example 2.) Round to the nearest tenth if necessary.

15. P(1 or 5) 16. P(both odd) 17. P(even product)


5 1 3
!!, 55.6% !!, 25% !!, 75%
9 4 4
18. P(sum more than 8) 19. P(both different) 20. P(sum is a square)
5 5 7
!!, 27.8% !!, 83.3% !!, 19.4%
18 6 36
21. To the nearest tenth of a percent, what is the probability that today is a weekday?
71.4%

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 341 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-9 Reading to Learn Mathematics


Probability and Predictions

Pre-Activity How can probability help you make predictions?

Do the activity at the top of page 310 in your textbook. Write your
answers below.

a. Write the ratio that compares the number of tiles labeled E to the total
number of tiles. 12
!!
100
b. What percent of the tiles are labeled E? 12%
3
c. What fraction of tiles is this? !!
25
d. Suppose a player chooses a tile. Is there a better chance of choosing a
D or an N? Explain. There is a better chance of choosing an
N because there are more of them.

Reading the Lesson 1–6. See students’ work.


Write a definition and give an example of each new vocabulary word or phrase.

Vocabulary Definition Example


1. outcomes

2. simple event

3. probability

4. sample space

5. theoretical probability

6. experimental probability

Helping You Remember


7. Look up theoretical and experimental in the dictionary. How can their definitions help you
remember the difference between theoretical probability and experimental probability?
Theoretical means based on theory or speculation; theoretical probability
is what should occur. Experimental means based on experience or
experiment; experimental probability is what actually occurs.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 342 Glencoe Pre-Algebra


NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

6-9 Enrichment

Probability and Tables


SCHOOL In Rockville High School there are
400 freshmen—60 have A averages and 90 have B averages.
300 sophomores—40 have A averages and 60 have B averages.
200 juniors—10 have A averages and 30 have B averages.
100 seniors—20 have A averages and 60 have B averages.

1. Use the information above to complete the table below. Then use the table to answer
Exercises 2–11.

Grade A B Below B Total


Class
Freshmen 60 90 250 400
Sophomores 40 60 200 300
Juniors 10 30 160 200
Seniors 20 60 20 100
Total 130 240 630 1000

Suppose a student is selected at random from Rockville High School. Find the
probability of selecting each of the following.

Lesson 6-9
2 1
2. a freshman !! or 40% 3. a senior !! or 10%
5 10
13
4. an A student !! or 13% 5. a student whose grade is below B
100
63
!! or 63%
100
3
6. a sophomore B student !! or 6% 7. a junior A student or a senior A
50 student 3
!! or 3%
100
8. a student who is neither a junior A 9. a B student who is not a junior
student nor a senior A student
21
97 !! or 21%
!! or 97% 100
100
10. If selecting only from the juniors, 11. If selecting only from the students
what is the probability of picking an who are neither A nor B students,
A student? 1 what is the probability of picking
!! or 5% a senior? 2
20 !! or about 3.2%
63

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 343 Glencoe Pre-Algebra

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