Asset
Asset
Asset
Resource Masters
Consumable Workbooks
Many of the worksheets contained in the Chapter Resource Masters booklets are
available as consumable workbooks in both English and Spanish.
ISBN: 0-07-827772-8
iii
Teacher’s Guide to Using the
Chapter 6 Resource Masters
The Fast File Chapter Resource system allows you to conveniently file the resources you
use most often. The Chapter 6 Resource Masters includes the core materials needed for
Chapter 6. These materials include worksheets, extensions, and assessment options. The
answers for these pages appear at the back of this booklet.
All of the materials found in this booklet are included for viewing and printing in the
Pre-Algebra TeacherWorks CD-ROM.
iv
Assessment Options Intermediate Assessment
• Four free-response quizzes are included
The assessment masters in the Chapter 6
to offer assessment at appropriate inter-
Resource Masters offer a wide range of
vals in the chapter.
assessment tools for intermediate and final
• A Mid-Chapter Test provides an option
assessment. The following lists describe each
to assess the first half of the chapter. It is
assessment master and its intended use.
composed of both multiple-choice and
free-response questions.
Chapter Assessment
Chapter Tests Continuing Assessment
• Form 1 contains multiple-choice questions • The Cumulative Review provides
and is intended for use with basic level students an opportunity to reinforce and
students. retain skills as they proceed through
• Forms 2A and 2B contain multiple-choice their study of Pre-Algebra. It can also
questions aimed at the average level be used as a test. This master includes
student. These tests are similar in format free-response questions.
to offer comparable testing situations. • The Standardized Test Practice offers
• Forms 2C and 2D are composed of free- continuing review of pre-algebra concepts
response questions aimed at the average in various formats, which may appear on
level student. These tests are similar in the standardized tests that they may
format to offer comparable testing situa- encounter. This practice includes multiple-
tions. Grids with axes are provided for choice, grid-in, and open-ended questions.
questions assessing graphing skills. Bubble-in and grid-in answer sections are
• Form 3 is an advanced level test with provided on the master.
free-response questions. Grids without
axes are provided for questions assessing Answers
graphing skills. • Page A1 is an answer sheet for the
All of the above tests include a free- Standardized Test Practice questions
response Bonus question. that appear in the Student Edition on
pages 322–323. This improves students’
• The Open-Ended Assessment includes familiarity with the answer formats they
performance assessment tasks that are may encounter in test taking.
suitable for all students. A scoring rubric is • The answers for the lesson-by-lesson
included for evaluation guidelines. Sample masters are provided as reduced pages
answers are provided for assessment. with answers appearing in red.
• A Vocabulary Test, suitable for all stu- • Full-size answer keys are provided for the
dents, includes a list of the vocabulary assessment masters in this booklet.
words in the chapter and ten questions
assessing students’ knowledge of those
terms. This can also be used in conjunc-
tion with one of the chapter tests or as a
review worksheet.
v
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
Vocabulary Builder
This is an alphabetical list of key vocabulary terms you will learn in Chapter 6.
As you study this chapter, complete each term’s definition or description.
Remember to add the page number where you found the term. Add these pages to
your Pre-Algebra Study Notebook to review vocabulary at the end of the chapter.
Vocabulary Found
Definition/Description/Example
Term on Page
base
cross products
discount
experimental probability
ik-spehr-uh-MEHN-tuhl
outcomes
percent
percent equation
percent of change
percent proportion
vii
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
Vocabulary Found
Definition/Description/Example
Term on Page
probability
proportion
ratio
sample space
scale
scale factor
simple event
simple interest
theoretical probability
thee-uh-REHT-ih-kuhl
unit rate
viii
NAME ________________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
7
Ratios written as 7 to 12, 7:12, and !! are different ways to write the same ratio. Ratios should be
12
written in simplest form.
Lesson 6-1
72 inches
" !! Convert feet to inches.
15 inches
7224 inches
" !! Divide the numerator and denominator by the GCF, 3.
155 inches
24
" !!
5
Written as a fraction in simplest form, the ratio is 24 to 5.
Example 2 Express the ratio $10 for 8 fish as a unit rate. Round to the nearest
tenth, if necessary.
10 dollars
!! Write the ratio as a fraction.
8 fish
#8
#8
The unit rate is $1.25 per fish.
Exercises
Express each ratio as a fraction in simplest form.
2 3
1. 4 weeks to plan 2 events !! 2. 9 inches to 2 feet !!
1 8
2 8
3. 8 teaspoons to 12 forks !! 4. 16 cups to 10 servings !!
3 5
1 2
5. 7 shelves to 84 books !! 6. 6 teachers to 165 students !!
12 55
Express each ratio as a unit rate. Round to the nearest tenth, if necessary.
7. $58 for 5 tickets $11.60 per 1 ticket 8. $4.19 for 4 cans of soup $1.05 per can
Express each ratio as a unit rate. Round to the nearest tenth, if necessary.
9. $9 for 6 cans of soup 10. $39 for a case of 75 bananas
$1.50 per can $0.52 per banana
11. 108 miles in 6 days 12. 51 meters in 8 seconds
18 miles per day 6.4 meters per second
13. 21 new pairs of sneakers in 7 years 14. 52 feet for 8 costumes
3 new pairs of sneakers per year 6.5 feet per costume
15. 40 sneezes in 20 minutes 16. $2702 from 28 people
2 sneezes per minute $96.50 per person
6-1 Practice
Ratios and Rates
Lesson 6-1
5. 6 pounds to 256 ounces 6. 5 hours to 720 minutes
3 5
!! !!
8 12
7. 9 gallons to 48 quarts 8. 24 feet to 30 yards
3 4
!! !!
4 15
Express each ratio as a unit rate. Round to the nearest tenth, if necessary.
30 1.52
19. 264 yd/s = ? mi/h 20. 2 qt/min = ? gal/h
540 30
21. 99 in./s = ? mi /day (1 day = 24 h) 22. 154 mi/ h = ? in./s
135 2710.4
23. TRACK AND FIELD Rita sprinted 77 feet in 10 seconds. How many miles per hour is
this? 5.25 miles per hour
2. rate
3. unit rate
4. What is the difference between a ratio that compares measurements and a rate? The
units of measure in a ratio that compares two measurements must have
the same unit of measure. A rate is a comparison of two measurements
having different kinds of units.
Helping You Remember
5. The word rate is part of the term unit rate. Explain how a rate can be written as a unit
rate. Simplify the rate so it has a denominator of 1.
6-1 Enrichment
Comparison Shopping
Rates are useful and meaningful when expressed as a unit rate. For
example, which is the better buy—one orange for $0.50 or 8 oranges
for $3.49?
To find the unit rate for 8 oranges, divide $3.49 by 8. The result is
$0.44 per orange. If a shopper needs to buy at least 8 oranges, then
8 oranges for $3.49 is the better buy.
Lesson 6-1
For each exercise below, rates are given in Column A and Column B. In the
blank next to each exercise number, write the letter of the column that contains
the better buy.
Column A Column B
A
______ 1. 1 apple for $0.19 3 apples for $0.59
A
______ 2. 20 pounds of pet food for 50 pounds of pet food for $37.99
$14.99
B
______ 3. A car that travels 308 miles A car that travels 406 miles on
on 11 gallons of gasoline 14 gallons of gasoline
B
______ 4. 10 floppy discs for $8.99 25 floppy discs for $19.75
B
______ 5. 1-gallon can of paint for 5-gallon can of paint for $67.45
$13.99
A
______ 6. 84 ounces of liquid detergent 48 ounces of liquid detergent for $6.19
for $10.64
A
______ 7. 5000 square feet of lawn food 12,500 square feet of lawn food for
for $11.99 $29.99
A
______ 8. 2 compact discs for $26.50 3 compact discs for $40.00
A
______ 9. 8 pencils for $0.99 12 pencils for $1.49
A proportion is an equation stating that two ratios are equal. You can use cross products to solve a
proportion.
56.4 3c
!! " !! Divide.
3 3
18.8 " c
The solution is 18.8.
Exercises
ALGEBRA Solve each proportion.
x 16 32 w 5 60
1. !! " !! 2. !! " !! 3. !! " !!
9 12 28 7 u 132
12 8 11
36 24 a 225 42 56
4. !! " !! 5. !! " !! 6. !! " !!
21 s 64 480 w 8
14 30 6
1 m 5 85 24 2
7. !! " !! 8. !! " !! 9. !! " !!
10 12 3 h g 30
1.2 51 360
f 57 22 121 2 k
10. !! " !! 11. !! " !! 12. !! " !!
21 63 z 16.5 3 12.6
19 3 8.4
r 5 d 1.5 46 360
13. !! " !! 14. !! " !! 15. !! " !!
9 20 21 3.5 57.5 q
2.25 9 450
4.2 d 1 4.5 0.3 4.75
16. !! " !! 17. !! " !! 18. !! " !!
4.8 80 c 11.7 n 14.25
70 2.6 0.9
9.1 1.3 0.4 y v 1
19. !! " !! 20. !! " !! 21. !! " !!
14.7 p 3 98.25 33.44 3.2
2.1 13.1 10.45
Lesson 6-2
ALGEBRA Solve each proportion.
8 t n 4 3 12
13. !! " !! 14. !! " !! 15. !! " !!
4 8 9 18 v 32
16 2 8
25 s 21 3 c 5
16. !! " !! 17. !! " !! 18. !! " !!
60 12 28 w 12 6
5 4 10
4 5 12 m 2 6
19. !! " !! 20. !! " !! 21. !! " !!
r 20 18 81 9 k
16 54 27
h 3 3 u 6 1
22. !! " !! 23. !! " !! 24. !! " !!
35 7 16 40 a 3
15 7.5 18
e 6.4 2.7 3.6 1.68 7
25. !! " !! 26. !! " !! 27. !! " !!
9.5 7.6 3.0 x w 12
8.0 4 2.88
6-2 Practice
Using Proportions
a. For each of the first four ingredients, write a ratio that compares the
number of ounces of each ingredient to the number of ounces of water.
1 1 1
lemonade: !!; grape juice: !!; orange juice: !!; lemon-lime
7 7 7
10
soda: !!
21
b. Double the recipe. (Hint: Multiply each number of ounces by 2.) Then
write a ratio for the ounces of each of the first four ingredients to the
ounces of water as a fraction in simplest form.
1 1 1
lemonade: !!; grape juice: !!; orange juice: !!; lemon-lime
7 7 7
10
soda: !!
Lesson 6-2
21
c. Are the ratios in parts a and b the same? Why or why not?
Yes; each part was multiplied by the same number.
2. cross products
3 12
3. Do !! and !! form a proportion? Explain. Yes; both cross products are 60.
5 20
3 9
4. Write a ratio that forms a proportion with !!. Sample answer: !!
4 12
Helping You Remember
5. Proportion is a common word in the English language.
b. How does this definition relate to the one given on page 270 of your textbook?
A proportion is an equation that states how two ratios relate to each other.
c. Explain how cross products are used to solve a proportion. First find the cross
products and write an equation to show that they are equal. Then solve
the equation.
6-2 Enrichment
Statement Reason
a c
!! " !! a. Given
b d
a c
bd $ !! " bd $ !! b. Mult. Prop. Equality
b d
! " ! "
1 1
bd $ a $ !! " bd $ c $ !! c. Rewrite division as multiplication.
b d
3. AGE The ratio of Drew’s age to Stacey’s age is 3:4. Four years ago the ratio was 2:3. How
old were Drew and Stacey four years ago? 8 and 12
A scale gives the relationship between the measurements on the drawing or model and the
measurements of the real object.
Example A map shows a scale of 1 inch ! 6 miles. The distance between two
places on the map is 4.25 inches. What is the actual distance?
Let x represent the actual distance. Write and solve a proportion.
map width → 1 inch " 4.25 inches ← map width
actual width → 6 miles x miles ← actual width
1 $ x " 6 $ 4.25 Find the cross products.
Exercises
On a set of architectural drawings for an office building, the scale is
0.25 inch ! 5 feet. Find the actual length of each room.
Lesson 6-3
Copy Room 0.55 inch
6-3 Practice
Scale Drawings and Models
1. Town A to Town B 10 cm 4 km
2. Town A to Town C 25 cm 10 km
Lesson 6-3
5 1
!! or !!
200,000 40,000
14. What is the scale factor if the scale is 15 inches " 1 yard?
15 5
!! or !!
36 12
15. STRUCTURES A barn is 50 feet wide by 80 feet long. Make a scale drawing of the
1
barn that has a scale of !! inch " 10 feet. Check students’ drawings. The width
2
is 2.5 inches and the length is 4 inches.
16. PHOTOGRAPHY A man in a photograph is 1.5 inches in height. If the man is 6 feet tall,
what is the scale? 1 inch ! 4 feet
a. Suppose the landscape plans are drawn on graph paper and the side of
each square on the paper represents 2 feet. What is the actual width of
a rose garden if its width on the drawing is 4 squares long? 8 ft
b. All maps have a scale. How can the scale help you estimate the
distance between cities? Sample answer: Suppose a map has
a scale of 0.25 inch ! 10 miles, and two towns are 1 inch
apart. Since 1 inch is equivalent to four times 0.25 inch,
and each of the 0.25 inch equals 10 miles, this tells you
that the actual distance is 4 " 10 or 40 miles. Use a
0.25 1.0
proportion. ! ! ! !!
10 x
2. scale model
3. scale
4. scale factor
6-3 Enrichment
Direct Variation
If the relationship between two quantities is such that when one quantity increases, the
other increases, or when one quantity decreases, the other decreases, the quantities are said
to vary directly.
x " 2.40
The cost for 3 loaves of bread is $2.40.
Write a proportion to represent each situation. Then solve.
Lesson 6-3
600 x
3. MONEY If the rent for two weeks is 4. MONEY If 8 newspapers cost $3.20, how
$500, how much rent is paid for 5 weeks? much will 6 newspapers cost?
2 5 8 6
!! ! !!; x ! 1250; $1250 !! ! !!; x ! 2.40; $2.40
500 x 3.20 x
5. WEIGHT If 9 fully loaded trucks carry a 6. TECHNOLOGY Twelve floppy disks can
total of 140,400 pounds, how many hold 16.8 million bytes of data. How
pounds can 3 trucks carry? many bytes will 20 floppy disks hold?
9 3 12 20
!! ! !!; x ! 46,800; !! ! !!; x ! 28,000,000;
140,400 x 16,800,000 x
46,800 pounds 28 million bytes
Exercises
Express each percent as a fraction or mixed number in simplest form and as a
decimal.
3 1 17
1. 12% !!, 0.12 2. 5% !!, 0.05 3. 17% !!, 0.17
25 20 100
18 1 1
4. 72% !!, 0.72 5. 150% 1!!, 1.5 6. 2% !!, 0.02
25 2 50
49 1 3
7. 98% !!, 0.98 8. 825% 8!!, 8.25 9. 0.6% !!, 0.006
50 4 500
Express each decimal or fraction as a percent. Round to the nearest tenth
percent, if necessary.
Lesson 6-4
11 1 5 7
29. !! 30. !! 31. !! 32. !!
20 4 8 5
6-4 Practice
Fractions, Decimals, and Percents
a. Write a ratio that compares the shaded region of each figure to its total
region as a fraction in simplest form.
3 3 4
!!; !!; !!
4 5 5
75 60 80
b. Rewrite each fraction using a denominator of 100. !!; !!; !!
100 100 100
c. Which figure has the greatest part of its area shaded? circle
2. Shade 50% of each grid below, using three different ways. Be creative. Sample
answers
are given.
Lesson 6-4
Helping You Remember
3. Percents can be expressed as fractions or decimals and vice versa. Fill in each box below
with an example of the process described. Answers will vary.
% → fraction % → decimal
fraction → % decimal → %
6-4 Enrichment
16
cleared for the
14
first time. 1932
12
3. Estimate the height to 10
the nearest foot that
8
pole vaulters probably
cleared in 1968. 17 ft
'28 '32 '36 '40 '44 '48 '52 '56 '60 '64 '68 '72 '76 '80 '84 '88 '92 '96 '00
4. Estimate the year Olympic Year
when 18 feet was
Source: The World Almanac
cleared for the
first time. 1972
5. If the Olympics had been held in 1940, predict what the winning height would
have been (to the nearest foot). 14 ft
6. Based on the trend from 1960 through 2000, would you predict the winning
height in 2004 to have been over or under 19 feet? over
325
for 1997? About $25 billion too low
300
9. Based on the trend from 1993 through 275
1998, what level of savings would you 250
predict for 1999? About $200 billion
225
10. The actual level of savings in 1999 200
was $156.3 billion. How does your 175
prediction for 1999 compare with this
150
actual level? About $44 billion
too high 0
'93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99
Year
In a percent proportion, one of the numbers, called the part, is being compared to the whole
quantity, called the base. The other ratio is the percent, written as a fraction, whose base is 100.
Exercises
Use the percent proportion to solve each problem. Round to the nearest tenth.
Use the percent proportion to solve each problem. Round to the nearest tenth.
1. 64 is what percent of 200? 2. What percent of 12 is 9?
32% 75%
3. 2 is what percent of 80? 4. What percent of 42 is 32?
2.5% 76.2%
5. 10 is what percent of 60? 6. What percent of 30 is 6?
16.7% 20%
7. 15 is what percent of 24? 8. What percent of 36 is 9?
62.5% 25%
9. 28 is what percent of 42? 10. What percent of 72 is 21?
66.7% 29.2%
11. 8 is 40% of what number? 12. 16 is 5% of what number?
20 320
13. 25 is 80% of what number? 14. 0.84 is 28% of what number?
31.3 3
15. 71 is 10% of what number? 16. 52 is 97% of what number?
710 53.6
17. 39 is 17% of what number? 18. 12 is 4% of what number?
229.4 300
19. 48.5 is 7% of what number? 20. What is 10.6% of 11?
692.9 1.2
21. What is 15% of 98.4? 22. What is 0.5% of 75?
14.8 0.4
23. What is 4% of 512.5? 24. What is 50% of 1?
20.5 0.5
25. What is 25% of 12? 26. What is 12% of 25?
3 3
27. What is 90% of 50? 28. What is 50% of 90?
45 45
6-5 Practice
Using the Percent Proportion
Use the percent proportion to solve each problem. Round to the nearest tenth.
20% 133.3%
3. 3.4 is what percent of 5? 4. What percent of 930 is 720?
68% 77.4%
5. 15 is what percent of 120? 6. What percent of 24 is 21?
12.5% 87.5%
7. 36 is what percent of 40? 8. What percent of 48 is 0.6?
90% 1.3%
9. 12 is 80% of what number? 10. 15 is 4% of what number?
15 375
11. 33 is 90% of what number? 12. 0.24 is 36% of what number?
36.7 0.7
13. 19 is 10% of what number? 14. 49 is 77% of what number?
190 63.6
15. 42 is 7.5% of what number? 16. 65 is 5% of what number?
560 1300
17. 27.5 is 2% of what number? 18. What is 15.8% of 21?
1375 3.3
19. What is 65% of 441.1? 20. What is 0.4% of 82?
286.7 0.3
21. What is 7% of 329.8? 22. What is 88% of 1?
23.1 0.9
23. What is 35% of 20? 24. What is 20% of 35?
Lesson 6-5
7 7
25. PAINT About 42% of a paint mix is white. A painter orders 18 gallons of the paint mix.
How much of it is white? 7.56 gallons
a. Write a ratio that compares the amount of copper to the total amount
of metal in the outer layer. 3 to 4
3
b. Write the ratio as a fraction and as a percent. !! , 75%
4
2. part
3. base
is 100 .
5. What can percent proportions be used to do? solve problems that involve
percents
6-5 Enrichment
Percent Puzzle
Solve each problem.
Find the answer to each exercise above and note the letter next to it. Put this
letter on the line or lines below that correspond to the exercise number.
HOW MUCH DID THE WORLD’S LARGEST PIZZA WEIGH?
E I G H T E E N
14 13 9 6 10 14 14 8
T H O U S A N D
10 6 16 2 15 4 8 5
S I X H U N D R E D
15 13 11 6 2 8 5 3 14 5
S I X T Y - F O U R
15 13 11 10 7 1 16 2 3
Lesson 6-5
P O U N D S
12 16 2 8 5 15
When working with common percents like 10%, 25%, 40%, and 50%, it may be helpful to use the
fraction form of the percent.
Percent-Fraction Equivalents
1 1 1 1 1 2 1
20% " !! 10% " !! 25% " !! 12 !!% " !! 16! !% " !!
5 10 4 2 8 3 6
2 3 1 1 3 1 1
40% " !! 30% " !! 50% " !! 37 !!% " !! 33 !!% " !!
5 10 2 2 8 3 3
3 7 3 1 5 2 2
60% " !! 70% " !! 75% " !! 62 !!% " !! 66 !!% " !!
5 10 4 2 8 3 3
4 9 1 7 1 5
80% " !! 90% " !! 100% " 1 87! !% " !! 83 !!% " !!
5 10 2 8 3 6
"7 1
Think: !! of 35 is 7. So, 20% of 35 is 7.
5
Exercises
Find the percent of each number mentally.
13. 90% of 600 540 14. 25% of 240 60 15. 50% of 7 3.5
16. 30% of 250 75 17. 60% of 250 150 18. 75% of 1000 750
19. 10% of 900 90 20. 20% of 900 180 21. 40% of 900 360
22. 25% of 360 90 23. 50% of 360 180 24. 75% of 360 270
1 2
25. 25% of 56 14 26. 33 !!% of 363 121 27. 16 !! % of 66 11
3 3
1 1
28. 62 !!% of 32 20 29. 37 !!% of 32 12 30. 200% of 21 42
2 2
2 1
31. 66 !!% of 54 36 32. 150% of 2222 3333 33. 12 !!% of 720 90
3 2
2
34. 30% of 30 9 35. 66 !!% of 150 100 36. 80% of 1500 1200
3
Lesson 6-6
Find the percent of each number mentally.
1. 10% of 582 2. 50% of 86 3. 40% of 1500
58.2 43 600
4. 20% of 75 5. 15% of 20 6. 80% of 45
15 3 36
7. 30% of 120 8. 75% of 44 9. 5% of 40
36 33 2
1 1
10. 33!!% of 99 11. 60% of 450 12. 37!!% of 56
3 2
33 270 21
13. 25% of 480 14. 300% of 5 15. 150% of 82
120 15 123
2
16. 66!!% of 210 17. 125% of 800 18. 175% of 400
3
140 1000 700
6-6 Practice
Finding Percents Mentally
Lesson 6-6
Pre-Activity How is estimation used when determining sale prices?
Do the activity at the top of page 293 in your textbook. Write your
answers below.
c. Suppose the items are on sale for 25% off. Explain how you would
determine the sale price. Sample answer: Divide the
regular price by 4 and then subtract the result from
the original price.
Method Example
Fraction
1%
Meaning of Percent
6-6 Enrichment
7. What percent of the total cost was spent on the camera case, tripod, and flash? 26%
1
8. The salesperson who sold Eric the equipment earned a 6!!% commission on the sale.
2
How much was the commission? $33.80
The percent equation is an equivalent form of the percent proportion. In the percent equation, the
percent is written as a decimal.
Lesson 6-7
n " 20.9 0.2 " n
So, 22% of 95 is 20.9. So, 15 is 20% of 75.
Exercises
Solve each problem using the percent equation.
9. 36 is what percent of 240? 15% 10. 2089.5 is what percent of 2100? 99.5%
11. 15.4 is what percent of 55? 28% 12. 7 is what percent of 350? 2%
13. 13.2 is what percent of 80? 16.5% 14. 14.4 is what percent of 120? 12%
15. 36 is 9% of what number? 400 16. 2925 is 39% of what number? 7500
17. 576 is 90% of what number? 640 18. 24.2 is 55% of what number? 44
6-7 Practice
Using Percent Equations
Lesson 6-7
117 16.4
7. Find 75% of 312. 8. Find 312% of 75.
234 234
9. Find 5.6% of 1050. 10. Find 21.4% of 855.
58.8 182.97
11. 52.3 is what percent of 1046? 12. 48 is what percent of 75?
5% 64%
13. 100 is what percent of 250? 14. 96 is what percent of 400?
40% 24%
15. 10 is what percent of 625? 16. 49.8 is what percent of 415?
1.6% 12%
17. 0.4 is what percent of 5? 18. 157 is what percent of 2512?
8% 6.25%
19. 1206 is what percent of 8040? 20. 63 is what percent of 60?
15% 105%
21. 13 is 50% of what number? 22. 121 is 22% of what number?
26 550
23. 11 is 4% of what number? 24. 438 is 24% of what number?
275 1825
25. 612 is 25% of what number? 26. 960 is 30% of what number?
2448 3200
27. 3570 is 42% of what number? 28. 8 is 1% of what number?
8500 800
29. SHOPPING A jacket is on sale at 15% off the original price of $68.00. What is the sale
price? $57.80
a. Use the percent proportion to find the amount of tax on a $35 purchase
for each state. AL: $1.40; CT: $2.10; NM: $1.75; TX: $2.19
b. Express each tax rate as a decimal. AL: 0.04; CT: 0.06; NM:
0.05; TX: 0.0625
c. Multiply the decimal form of the tax rate by $35 to find the amount of
tax on the $35 purchase for each state. AL: $1.40; CT: $2.10;
NM: $1.75; TX: $2.19
d. How are the amounts of tax in parts a and c related? They are
the same.
2. discount
3. simple interest
6-7 Enrichment
Compound Interest
Interest may be paid, or compounded, annually (each year), semiannually (twice per year),
quarterly (four times per year), monthly (once per month), or daily.
1
Example FINANCE George had $100 in an account for 1!! years that paid 8%
2
interest compounded semiannually. What was the total amount in
1
his account at the end of 1!! years?
Lesson 6-7
2
1 1
At the end of !! year: Interest: $100 % 0.08 % !! " $4.00
2 2
New Principal: $100 & $4 " $104
1
At the end of 1 year: Interest: $104 % 0.08 % !! " $4.16
2
New Principal: $104 & $4.16 " $108.16
1 1
At the end of 1!! years: Interest: $108.16 % 0.08 % !! " $4.33
2 2
New Principal: $108.16 & $4.33 " $112.49
A percent of change tells how much an amount has increased or decreased in relation to the
original amount. There are two methods you can use to find percent of change.
Step 2 Write a ratio that compares the amount of change to the original measurement.
Express the ratio as a percent.
amount of change
percent of change " !!!
'21
" !! Substitution
75
" '0.28 or '28% Write the decimal as a percent.
Exercises
State whether each change is a percent of increase or a percent of decrease. Then
find the percent of change. Round to the nearest tenth, if necessary.
D; $27.3% I; 25%
3. from $815 to $925 4. from 15 meters to 12 meters
I; 13.5% D; $20%
5. from 55 people to 217 people 6. from 45 mi per gal to 24 mi per gal
I; 294.5% D; $46.7%
7. from 28 cm to 32 cm 8. from 128 points to 144 points
I; 14.3% I; 12.5%
9. from $8 to $2.50 10. from 800 roses to 639 roses
D; $68.8% D; $20.1%
11. from 8 tons to 4.2 tons 12. from 5 qt to 18 qt
D; $47.5% I; 260%
13. from $85.75 to $90.15 14. from 198 lb to 112 lb
I; 5.1% D; $43.4%
I; 50% I; 11.1%
3. from $48.50 to $38.80 4. from 25 lb to 12 lb
D; $20% D; $52%
5. from 10 mm to 3 mm 6. from $875 to $1000
D; $70% I; 14.3%
7. from $18.10 to $22.50 8. from 32 people to 3040 people
I; 24.3% I; 9400%
Lesson 6-8
9. from 28 stray cats to 5 stray cats 10. from 12 words to 90 words
D; $82.1% I; 650%
11. from 47 mph to 35 mph 12. from 8 computers to 15 computers
D; $25.5% I; 87.5%
13. from 34 workers to 28 workers 14. from 8056 snowflakes to 6381 snowflakes
D; $17.6% D; $20.8%
15. from 201 sales to 148 sales 16. from 153 balls to 380 balls
D; $26.4% I; 148.4%
17. from 5 miles to 8 miles 18. from 850 singers to 715 singers
I; 60% D; $15.9%
19. from 9 horses to 11 horses 20. from 900 CDs to 1100 CDs
I; 22.2% I; 22.2%
21. from 14 cheerleaders to 12 cheerleaders 22. from 140 members to 120 members
D; $14.3% D; $14.3%
23. from $200 to $210 24. from $210 to $200
I; 5% D; $04.8%
25. from 300 s to 8 s 26. from 8 s to 300 s
D; $97.3% I; 3650%
6-8 Practice
Percent of Change
I; 25% I; 33.3%
3. from $9.25 to $6.50 4. from 45 quarts to 8 quarts
D; $29.7% D; $82.2%
5. from 21 mm to 13 mm 6. from $457 to $1000
D; $38.1% I; 118.8%
7. from $39.50 to $40.00 8. from 9 students to 856 students
I; 1.3% I; 9411.1%
9. from 24 kittens to 7 kittens 10. from 15 songs to 105 songs
D; $70.8% I; 600%
11. from 31 mph to 25 mph 12. from 4 paintings to 13 paintings
D; $19.4% I; 225%
13. from 55 teachers to 41 teachers 14. from 9780 birds to 8011 birds
D; $25.5% D; $18.1%
15. from 524 sales to 315 sales 16. from 28 houses to 460 houses
D; $39.9% I; 1542.9%
17. from 2 miles to 10 miles 18. from 1000 voters to 840 voters
I; 400% D; $16%
19. from 3 lizards to 21 lizards 20. from 300 horses to 2100 horses
I; 600% I; 600%
21. from 25 disks to 22 disks 22. from 250 movies to 220 movies
D; $12% D; $12%
23. from $34 to $31 24. from $3400 to $3100
D; $8.8% D; $8.8%
25. COOKIES On Tuesday, a baker sold 132 cookies. On Wednesday, she sold 108 cookies.
Find the percent of change to the nearest tenth of a percent. $18.2%
Lesson 6-8
e. For each pair of rectangles, the change in area is 2 square units.
Explain why the percent of change is different. The percent of
change is different because the area of each original
rectangle is different.
2. percent of increase
3. percent of decrease
6-8 Enrichment
Finance Charges
Payments This Is This Is
Previous Total Returns *FINANCE Your Payments Your
Balance Purchases & Other CHARGE New Overdue Minimum
Credits Balance Payment
245.67 138.56 184.23 2.94 202.94 25.00
Eileen Farrell received her monthly statement for her department store charge account. She
left part of her balance unpaid last month. Her statement says that her finance charge is
$2.94. This is computed at the annual rate of 15% on an average daily balance of $235.19. Is
the charge correct?
Example FINANCE Compute the monthly finance charge for Eileen’s unpaid
balance.
The annual percentage rate is 15%. To find the monthly rate, divide
by 12. Let B = average daily balance, R = monthly rate, and
P = annual percentage rate.
Monthly rate: 15% # 12 " 1.25% Compute 1.25% of $235.19.
2.939875 " P
2.94 " P Round to the nearest cent.
Find the monthly finance charge to the next cent on each average daily balance.
Example A bag contains 6 red marbles, 1 blue marble, and 3 yellow marbles. One
marble is selected at random. Find the probability of each outcome.
a. P(yellow) b. P(blue or yellow)
(number of favorable outcomes) (number of favorable outcomes)
P(event) " !!!! P(event) " !!!!
3 (1 & 3) 4
" !! or 30% " !! " !! or 40%
10 10 10
There is a 30% chance of choosing There is a 40% chance of choosing
a yellow marble. a blue or yellow marble.
(6 & 1 & 3) 10 0
" !! " !! or 100% " !! or 0%
10 10 10
There is a 100% chance of choosing There is a 0% chance of choosing
a red, blue, or yellow marble. a black marble.
Lesson 6-9
Exercises
A bag contains 5 red marbles, 5 blue marbles, 6 green marbles, 8 purple marbles,
and 1 white marble. One is selected at random. Find the probability of each
outcome. Express each probability as a fraction and as a percent.
14
2
Determine the probability of each outcome if
13
3
the spinner is equally likely to land on each
section. Express each probability as a fraction
12
4
and as a percent.
11
5
1. P(10) 2. P(odd)
10
6
9 7
1 1 8
!!, 6.25% !!, 50%
16 2
3. P(greater than 7) 4. P(prime) 5. P(1 or 2)
9 3 1
!!, 56.25% !!, 37.5% !!, 12.5%
16 8 8
6. P(less than 5) 7. P(Shaded) 8. P(Not shaded)
1 5 11
!!, 25% !!, 31.3% !!, 68.75%
4 16 16
There are 4 red marbles, 1 blue marble, 9 green marbles, and 6 yellow marble in
a bag. Suppose one marble is selected at random. Find the probability of each
outcome. Express each probability as a fraction and as a percent.
Suppose two 1–6 number cubes are rolled. Find the probability of each outcome.
Express each probability as a fraction and as a percent. (Hint: Make a table to
show the sample space as in Example 2.) Round to the nearest tenth, if necessary.
6-9 Practice
Probability and Predictions 16
15 1
14
2
A spinner like the one shown is used in a game.
13
Determine the probability of each outcome if the
3
spinner is equally likely to land on each section.
12
4
Express each probability as a fraction and as
a percent.
11
5
10
6
1. P(15) 2. P(even) 9 8
7
1 1
!!, 6.25% !!, 50%
16 2
3. P(greater than 10) 4. P(perfect square) 5. P(1 or 2)
3 1 1
!!, 37.5 !!, 25% !!, 12.5%
8 4 8
6. P(less than 9) 7. P(not shaded) 8. P(shaded)
1 9 7
!!, 50% !!, 56.25% !!, 43.75%
2 16 16
There are 8 red marbles, 5 blue marbles, 11 green marbles, and 1 yellow marble in
a bag. Suppose one marble is selected at random. Find the probability of each
outcome. Express each probability as a fraction and as a percent.
Lesson 6-9
!!, 32% !!, 20% !!, 4%
25 5 25
12. P(red or blue) 13. P(black) 14. P(red, blue, or green)
13 0 24
!!, 52% !!, 0% !!, 96%
25 1 25
Suppose two 1–6 number cubes are rolled. Find the probability of each outcome.
Express each probability as a fraction and as a percent. (Hint: Make a table to
show the sample space as in Example 2.) Round to the nearest tenth if necessary.
Do the activity at the top of page 310 in your textbook. Write your
answers below.
a. Write the ratio that compares the number of tiles labeled E to the total
number of tiles. 12
!!
100
b. What percent of the tiles are labeled E? 12%
3
c. What fraction of tiles is this? !!
25
d. Suppose a player chooses a tile. Is there a better chance of choosing a
D or an N? Explain. There is a better chance of choosing an
N because there are more of them.
2. simple event
3. probability
4. sample space
5. theoretical probability
6. experimental probability
6-9 Enrichment
1. Use the information above to complete the table below. Then use the table to answer
Exercises 2–11.
Suppose a student is selected at random from Rockville High School. Find the
probability of selecting each of the following.
Lesson 6-9
2 1
2. a freshman !! or 40% 3. a senior !! or 10%
5 10
13
4. an A student !! or 13% 5. a student whose grade is below B
100
63
!! or 63%
100
3
6. a sophomore B student !! or 6% 7. a junior A student or a senior A
50 student 3
!! or 3%
100
8. a student who is neither a junior A 9. a B student who is not a junior
student nor a senior A student
21
97 !! or 21%
!! or 97% 100
100
10. If selecting only from the juniors, 11. If selecting only from the students
what is the probability of picking an who are neither A nor B students,
A student? 1 what is the probability of picking
!! or 5% a senior? 2
20 !! or about 3.2%
63
Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.
Alternative Proxies: