GUIDE QUESTIONS a) 700 mmHg, b)2 atm, and c)105 “The pressure of a fixed amount

How is volume related to kPa of a gas is directly proportional

pressure? to the absolute temperature
How is volume related to (Kelvin).”
temperature? APPLICATION OF BOYLE’S LAW PαT ( n, V constant)
Cite a practical application of the 1. Breathing or respiration P1/T1= P2/T2
relationship in Question No. 1? Sample Problems
Cite a practical application of the 2. Deep sea fishes, when brought A 35.0 L container is filled with
relationship in Question No. 2? to the surface, die to a decreased gas to a pressure of 1.8 atm at
pressure. This results in the 0oC. At what temperature will
Kinetic Molecular Theory increased volume of gases in their the pressure inside the container
Gas particles do not ____ or bodies. be 1.5 atm?
attract. What will happen to a can of
Gas particles are ___than the Heads up paint spray containing only the
space between them. *1. 1 L= 1 dm3 propellant at a pressure of 750
Gas particles are in fast, random torr at 30oC if it is thrown into a
____. CHARLE’S LAW (Jacques Charles) heap of garbage burning at 200
o
No kinetic energy is ____ when Kelvin temperature and the C?
particles collide. volume of a gas are directly
All gases have the same _____ related when there is no change A container is filled with a gas to
energy. in pressure of a gas. a pressure of 2 atm at 25oC.
V1/T1 = V2/T2 What pressure will it develop if it
Gas Laws Application of Charle’s Law is heated to 80oC?
Boyle’s Law
“The volume of a given mass of Hot air balloon : The air inside the
gas held at constant temperature balloon, when heated, causes the COMBINED GAS LAW
is inversely proportional to its air to expand; thus, becomes P1V1 = P2V2
pressure.” lighter and so it rises. T1 T2
An inflated balloon shrinks when Standard Temperature and
Example 1 placed inside the refrigerator. Pressure
Freon in an air conditioning unit During cold weather, bicycle tires 273.15 K and 760 torr/mmHg/76
has a volume of 1.50 L. It is become flat because the air cmHg
allowed to function in a room inside the bicycle tires shrink.
where the pressure is about 720 Sample Problems
mmHg, assuming that the Sample Problems A given mass of gas has a volume
temperature is in constant state. A 178 mL of gas is measured at of 760 mL at -40oC and 550 torr.
Find the final pressure in mmHg 35oC. If the pressure remains Calculate the volume of the gas
of Freon when its volume is constant, what will the volume at 20oC and 230 torr and the
increased to 1.70 L. of the gas at 40oC? amount of gas is constant.
A sample of a gas has a volume A 2-L sample of a gas is collected
Practice Exercises: of 78.5 mL at 45oC. What volume at 20oC and 2.3 atm. What is the
1 .A cylinder of compressed gas would this sample occupy at pressure of the gas at 300K if the
has a volume of 85 dm3 and a standard temperature assuming volume is 8.0 L?
pressure of 984 kPa. What the pressure is constant?
volume in L would the gas occupy 3. The volume of a sample of gas
if allowed to escape into a is 750 mL at 40oC and 1.3 atm. At
balloon at a pressure of 125 kPa? A 240 cm3 volume of gas is what temperature will the
Assume that the temperature collected at 60oC. What volume sample occupy 2.00 L under a
does not change. would this sample of gas occupy pressure of 2 atm?
at standard temperature?
2. At 0oC and 5 atm, a given Under constant pressure
sample of a gas occupies 75 L. condition, a sample of hydrogen Properties of Gases. KMT, Boyle’s
The gas is compressed to a final gas initially at 85oc and 7.2 L is Law, Charle’s Law, Combined Gas
volume of 30L at 0oC. What is the cooled until its final volume is Law, Gay Lussac’s Law
final pressure in atm? 4.1 L. What is the final
3. A sample of a gas has a volume temperature?
of 20L at 1.5 atm. What will be At STP: 1 mole of any gas = 6.02
the volume in L of this gas at GAY-LUSSAC’S LAW X 1023 particles= 22.4 L
each of the following pressures: Applications of Avogadro’s Law
A flat tire takes up less volume gas in atm if the temperature is and allowed to escape, which
than an inflated tire. 80oC? gas will escape faster and how
As you inhale, your lungs expand much faster will it be?
as they fill with air. As you Henry’s Law
exhale, your lungs decrease in As the pressure of a gas above a Atomic masses: He= 4.00 g/mol
volum. liquid drops, the amount of the and Ar= 39.95 g/mol
gas that can be dissolved in the Under the same conditions of
A helium filled balloon weighs liquid decreases. temperature and pressure, how
much less than an identical Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure many times faster will H effuse
balloon filled with air. The pressure exerted by a compared to CO2?
Moist air is less dense than dry mixture of non-reacting gases is Atomic masses:H= 1.00 g/mol
air. the sum of the partial pressures C= 12. 00 g/mol
that each gas in the mixture O= 16.00 g/mol
Sample Problems exerts individually.

A 3.4 mole of gas has a volume Ptotal = P1 + P2 + P3+ …….

of 4.2 L at certain temperature Sample Problem
and pressure. Find the new A 300 mL of oxygen was
volume of this gas if 10 moles collected over water at 25oC and
are added to the original volume 700 torr. What volume will the
under the same conditions. dry oxygen occupy at 25oC and
700 torr? The vapor pressure of
2. 17 g of Helium has a volume of water at 25oC is 23.8 torr.
3L. If the amount of Helium is
increased to 30 g, what new The pressure of a mixture of
volume will result if the pressure nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and
and temperature remain oxygen is 150 kPa. What is
constant? the partial pressure of oxygen if
Atomic mass of Helium = 4.00 the partial pressures of the
g/mol nitrogen and carbon dioxide are
100 kPA and 24 kPa,
A tank containing 3.0 moles of respectively?
Nitrogen has a volume of 0.12 L.
What would the volume be if 6.2 Graham’s Law of Gas Effusion
moles of Nitrogen are added to and Diffusion
the container?
Diffusion – gas molecules move
from a region of higher
Ideal Gas Law concentration to a lower
The volume of a gas varies concentration
directly with the number of
moles and absolute temperature Effusion- a type of movement of
and inversely proportional with gases that describes the passage
pressure. of particles of gas from one
container to another through a
PV= nRT tiny opening between the
R= 0.0821 L.atm/mol.K containers without collision
Sample Problems between the particles.
A sample of Argon occupies 5L of
space at STP. How many moles of Gases with higher molecular
Argon are there in the sample? weight effuses slower than that
of the gases with lower
How much space will 7 moles of molecular weight.
CH4 occupy if the temperature
and pressure of the gas are 130oC Graham’s Law of Effusion
and 8.5 atm respectively? Sample Problem
8.0 moles of CO2 gas are present
in a container with a volume of If equal amounts of He and Ar
27 L. What is the pressure of this are placed in a porous container