Circles PDF
Circles PDF
Circles PDF
COM
Circle
KEY POINTS
Tangent to a circle :
A tangent to a circle is a line that intersect the circle at only one point.
P tangent
P= point of contact
• There is only one tangent at a point on a circle.
• There are exactly two tangents to a circle through appoint lying out side the circle.
• The tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the point of contact.
• The length of tangents drown from an external point to a circle are equal.
( 1 Mark Questions )
1. If radii of the two concentric circles are 15cm and 17cm , then find the length of each chord of one circle
which is tangent to one other.
Ans. 16cm
2. If two tangents making an angle of 1200 with each other , are drawn to a circle of radius 6cm, then find the
angle between the two radii, which are drawn to the tangents.
Ans. 60°
A
3. In the adjoining figure ,∆ ABC is circumscribing a circle , then find the length of BC.
3 cm 8cm
M
N
Ans. 9cm 4 cm
4. PQ is a chord of a circle and R is point on the minor arc. If PT is a tangent at point
P such that ∠QPT = 60° then find <PRQ. B L C
V
Ans. 120°
5. If a tangent PQ at a point P of a circle of radius 5cm meets a line through the centre O at a point Q such that
OQ = 12 cm then find the length of PQ.
Ans. √119cm
6. From a point P, two tangents PA and PB are drawn to a circle C(O,r) . If OP =2r ,then what is the type of
∆ APB.
Ans. Equilateral triangle
7. If the angle between two radii of a circle is 130°,then find the angle between the tangents at the end of the
radii.
Ans. 50°.
8. ABCD is a quadrilateral. A circle centred at O is inscribed in the quadrilateral. If AB = 7cm , BC = 4cm , CD =
5cm then find DA.
Ans. 8 cm
9. In a ∆ ABC , AB = 8cm , ∠ABC = 90°. Then find the radius of the circle inscribed in the triangle.
Ans. 2cm
( Two Marks Questions )
1. Two tangents PA and PB are drawn from an external point P to a circle with centre O. Prove that OAPB is a
cyclic quadrilateral.
2. If PA and PB are two tangents drawn to a circle with centre O , from an external point P such that PA=5cm
and ∠APB = 60°, then find the length of the chord AB.
Ans. 5cm
3. CP and CQ are tangents from an external point C to a circle with centre O .AB is another tangent which
touches the circle at R and intersects PC and QC at A and B respectively . If CP = 11cm and BR = 4cm, then
find the length of BC.
Ans. 7cm
4. If all the sides of a parallelogram touch a circle, show that the parallelogram is a rhombus.
5. Prove that the perpendicular at the point of contact to the tangent to a circle passes through the centre of
the circle.
6. In adjacent figure; AB & CD are common tangents to two circles of unequal radii. Prove that AB=CD.
A
B
C D
( Three Marks Questions)
1. If quadrilateral ABCD is drawn to circumscribe a circle then prove that AB+CD=AD+BC.
2. Prove that the angle between the two tangents to a circle drawn from an external point, is supplementary to
the angle subtended by the line segment joining the points of contact to the centre.
3. AB is a chord of length 9.6cm of a circle with centre O and radius 6cm.If the tangents at A and B intersect at
point P then find the length PA.
Ans. 8cm
4. The incircle of a ∆ABC touches the sides BC, CA &AB at D,E and F respectively. If AB=AC, prove that BD=CD.
5. Prove that the intercept of a tangent between two parallel tangents to a circle subtends a right angle at the
centre of the circle.
6. PQ and PR are two tangents drawn to a circle with centre O from an external point P. Prove that
∠QPR=2∠OQR.
ISSUED BY KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA - DOWNLOADED FROM WWW.STUDIESTODAY.COM
ISSUED BY KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA - DOWNLOADED FROM WWW.STUDIESTODAY.COM
( Four Marks Questions)
1. Prove that the length of tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal. Hence, find BC, if a
circle is inscribed in a ∆ABC touching AB,BC &CA at P,Q &R respectively, having AB=10cm, AR=7cm &RC=5cm.
Ans. 8cm
2. Prove that the tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the point of contact.
Using the above, do the following: If O is the centre of two concentric circles, AB is a chord of the larger circle
touching the smaller circle at C, then prove that AC=BC.
3. A circle touches the side BC of a ∆ABC at a point P and touches AB and AC when produced, at Q & R
respectively. Show that AQ=1/2 (perimeter of ∆ABC).
4. From an external point P, a tangent PT and a line segment PAB is drawn to circle with centre O, ON is
perpendicular to the chord AB. Prove that PA.PB=PN2‐AN2.
5. If AB is a chord of a circle with centre O, AOC is diameter and AT is the tangent at the point A, then prove
that ∠BAT=∠ACB.
6. The tangent at a point C of a circle and diameter AB when extended intersect at P. If ∠PCA=1100 , find ∠CBA.
Ans. 700
[Self Evaluation/HOTS Questions]
1. If PA and PB are tangents from an external point P to the circle with centre O, the find ∠AOP+∠OPA.
Ans. 900
2. ABC is an isosceles triangle with AB=AC, circumscribed about a circle . Prove that the base is bisected by the
point of contact.
3. AB is diameter of a circle with centre O. If PA is tangent from an external point P to the circle with
∠POB=1150 then find ∠OPA.
Ans. 250
4. PQ and PR are tangents from an external point P to a circle with centre . If ∠RPQ=1200, Prove that OP=2PQ.
5. If the common tangents AB and CD to two circles C(O,r) and C’(O’r’) intersect at E, then prove that AB=CD.
6. If a, b, c are the sides of a right triangle where c is the hypotenuse , then prove that radius r of the circle
touches the sides of the triangle is given by r= (a+b‐c)/2.
CONSTRUCTION
KEY POINTS
1. Division of line segment in the given ratio.
2. Construction of triangles:‐
a. When three sides are given.
b. When two sides and included angle given.
c. When two angles and one side given.
d. Construction of right angled triangle.
3. Construction of triangle similar to given similar to given triangle as per given scale.
4. Construction of triangles to a circle.
LEVEL ‐ I
1. Divide a line segment in given ratio.
2. Draw a line segment AB=8cm and divide it in the ratio 4:3.
3. Divide a line segment of 7cm internally in the ratio 2:3.
4. Draw a circle of radius 4 cm. Take a point P on it. Draw tangent to the given circle at P.
5. Construct an isosceles triangle whose base 7.5 cm and altitude is 4.2 cm.
LEVEL –II
1. Construct a triangle of sides 4cm , 5cm and 6cm and then triangle similar to it whose side are 2/3 of
corresponding sides of the first triangle.
2. Construct a triangle similar to a given ∆ABC such that each of its sides is 2/3rd of the corresponding sides of
∆ABC. It is given that AB=4cm BC=5cm and AC=6cm also write the steps of construction.
3. Draw a right triangle ABC in which ∠B=900 AB=5cm, BC=4cm then construct another triangle ABC whose
sides are 5/3 times the corresponding sides of ∆ABC.
4. Draw a pair of tangents to a circle of radius 5cm which are inclined to each other at an angle of 600.
5. Draw a circle of radius 5cm from a point 8cm away from its centre construct the pair of tangents to the
circle and measure their length.
6. Construct a triangle PQR in which QR=6cm ∠Q=600 and ∠R=450. Construct another triangle similar to ∆PQR
such that its sides are 5/6 of the corresponding sides of ∆PQR.
AREAS RELATED TWO CIRCLES
KEY POINTS
1. Circle: The set of points which are at a constant distance of r units from a fixed point o is called a circle with
centre o.
R
r
o
2. Circumference: The perimeter of a circle is called its circumference.
3. Secant: A line which intersects a circle at two points is called secant of the circle.
4. Arc: A continuous piece of circle is called and arc of the circle..
5. Central angle:‐ An angle subtended by an arc at the center of a circle is called its central angle.
6. Semi Circle: ‐ A diameter divides a circle into two equal arc. Each of these two arcs is called a semi circle.
7. Segment :‐ A segment of a circle is the region bounded by an arc and a chord, including the arc and the
chord.
8. Sector f of a circle: The region enclosed by and an arc of a circle and its two bounding radii is called a sector
of the circle.
9. Quadrant:‐ One fourth of a circle disc is called a quadrant. The central ang of a quadrant is 900.
S.N NAME FIGURE PERIMETER AREA
1. Circle 2 or 2
2. Semi‐ circle + 2r ½ 2
3. Ring (Shaded 2 + R) (R2‐r2)
region)
4. Sector of a circle or
°
l+2r= 2
°
5. Segment of a ‐ sinθ
°
circle +2r Sin
°
a. Length of an arc AB= 2
0
A B
l
b. Area of major segment= Area of a circle – Area of minor segment
c. Distance moved by a wheel in
1 rotation=circumference of the wheel
d. Number of rotation in 1 minute
=Distance moved in 1 minute / circumference
LEVEL‐I
1. If the perimeter of a circle is equal to that of square, then the ratio of their areas is
i. 22/7
ii. 14/11
iii. 7/22
iv. 11/14 [Ans‐ii]
2. The area of the square that can be inscribed in a circle of 8 cm is
i. 256 cm2
ii. 128 cm2
iii. 64√2 cm2
iv. 64 cm2
[Ans‐ii]
3. Area of a sector to circle of radius 36 cm is 54 cm2 . Find the length arc of the corresponding arc of the
circle is
i. 6
ii. 3
iii. 5
iv. 8
[Ans –ii]
4. A wheel has diameter 84 cm. The number of complete revolution it will take to cover 792 m is.
i. 100
ii. 150
iii. 200
iv. 300 [Ans‐iv]
5. The length of an arc of a circle with radius 12cm is 10 cm. The central angle of this arc is .
i. 1200 [Ans‐iv]
0
ii. 60
iii. 750
iv. 1500
6. The area of a quadrant of a circle whose circumference is 22 cm is
i. 7/2 cm2
ii. 7 cm2
iii. 3 cm2
iv. 9.625 cm2 [Ans‐iv]
LEVEL‐II
1. In figure ‘o’ is the centre of a circle. The area of sector OAPB is 5/18 of the area of the circle find x.
[Ans 100]
O
x
A B
P
2. If the diameter of a semicircular protractor is 14 cm, then find its perimeter . [Ans‐36 cm]
3. The radius of two circle are 3 cm and 4 cm . Find the radius of a circle whose area is equal to the sum of the
areas of the two circles.
[Ans: 5 cm]
4. The length of the minute hand of a clock is 14 cm. Find the area swept by the minute hand in 5 minutes.
[Ans: 154/3 cm]
5. The radii of two circle are 3 cm and 4 cm . Find the radius of a circle whose area is equal to the sum of the
areas of the two circles.
[Ans 5cm]
LEVEL‐III
1. Find the area of the shaded region in the figure if AC=24 cm ,BC=10 cm and o is the center of the circle (use
3.14
A [Ans‐ 145.33 cm2]
o
B C
2. The inner circumference of a circular track is 440m. The track is 14m wide. Find the diameter of the outer
circle of the track. [Take =22/7]
[Ans‐168]
3. Find the area of the shaded region.
[Ans: 4.71 cm2]
4. A copper wire when bent in the form of a square encloses an area of 121 cm2 . If the same wire is bent into
the form of a circle, find the area of the circle (Use =22/7)
[Ans 154 cm2]
5. A wire is looped in the form of a circle of radius 28cm. It is rebent into a square form. Determine the side of
the square (use 22/7
[Ans‐44cm]
LEVEL‐IV
1. In fig, find the area of the shaded region [use 3.44
2. In fig find the shape of the top of a table in restaurant is that of a sector a circle with centre 0 and ∠bod=900.
If OB=OD=60cm fnd
i. The area of the top of the table [Ans 8478 cm2]
ii. The perimeter of the table top (Take 3.44 [Ans 402.60 cm]
3. An arc subtends an angle of 900 at the centre of the circle of radius 14 cm. Write the area of minor sector
thus form in terms of .
[Ans 49 cm2]
4. The length of a minor arc is 2/9 of the circumference of the circle. Write the measure of the angle subtended
by the arc at the center of the circle.
[Ans 800]
5. The area of an equilateral triangle is 49√3 cm2. Taking each angular point as center, circle are drawn with
radius equal to half the length of the side of the triangle. Find the area of triangle not included in the circles.
[Take √3=1.73] [Ans 777cm2]
SELF EVALUATION
1. Two circles touch externally the sum of the areas is 130 cm2 and distance between there center is 14 cm.
Find the radius of circle.
2. Two circle touch internally. The sum of their areas is 116 cm2 and the distance between there centers is 6
cm. Find the radius of circles.
3. A pendulum swings through an angle of 300 and describes and arc 8.8 cm in length. Find length of
pendulum.
4. What is the measure of the central angle of a circle?
5. The perimeter and area of a square are numerically equal. Find the area of the square.