Kubota
Kubota
Kubota
Tier 4 Maintenance & Troubleshooting Workshop
The Rental Show
February 20, 2016
Kubota CRS
CRS | Common Rail System
ECU (E4)
1
Sensors and Valves
1. Input and output components of the Kubota CRS are separated into two categories:
– Sensors
– Valves
Sensors = Inputs
Valves = Outputs
CR ECU – Basic Logic and Function for Fuel Delivery
Basic
Accelerator
Injection
Opening Quantity Injector
Low Quantity Corrected
Actuation
Final Injection
Maximum Side Selected Period
Engine Quantity
Calculation
Speed Injection
Quantity
Intake Air Pressure Correction
Individual Cylinder
Correction Quantity
Intake Air Temperature Correction
Atmospheric Air Pressure Correction Speed Correction
Ambient Temperature Correction
Injection Pressure Correction
Cold Engine Maximum Injection
Quantity Correction
2
Kubota CRS Engine Training
1. Electrical
2. Regeneration
3. Filters / Lubricants
Emission Regulation and Solutions
‐ ‐
Tier3
(StageIIIA) CRS
Fuel
Explosion
Int.Tier4
DPF
(StageIIIB)
Oil
before Tier2 EGR
Final Tier4
Additive (Stage IV) SCR
3
Emission Regulation and Solutions
1. CRS : for CO+HC, PM
2. DPF : for PM
3. SCR : for NOx
DPF DPF
SCR
100% 100% 100%
60%
50%
NOx | Nitrogen Oxides
1. NOx is an inclusive term of Oxidation Products of Nitrogen.
2. It contributes to the Urban Smog and Acid Rain.
3. EGR reduces NOx, but it is not enough for the latest emission requirements.
4. High combustion temperatures (=complete combustion) generates NOx.
Trade‐off relation with PM
N(Nitrogen)
PM
NOx
O(Oxygen)
etc…
EGR: Exhaust Gas Recirculation.
4
Kubota Engine Service Distributors
1. For a list of our, please visit: www.kubotaengine.com
Kubota Solutions for Tier 4
1. Common Rail Injection
– A More Complete and Controlled Combustion Event
• This prevents excess PM/Soot and other Gases HC’s, CO, NOx…
• Injection pressures are much higher than mechanical engines,
multiple injections – more precise timing
2. Blowby Gas CCB and Tight Manufacturing Tolerances/Process’
– Blowby Gas and Oil Mist that passes from the cylinder to the
crankcase is captured separated and returned to the engine inlet by
the closed breather system
3. EGR (Cooled) + Throttle
– Additional Combustion and Exhaust Temperature Control
4. Aftertreatment DOC+DPF+SCR
– Reduces Emissions PM, NOx, CO, HC by Catalytic Reaction and
Filtering
10
5
Common Rail Engine Models
Common Rail Engine Line Up
DOC Only Models
Recently Announced D1803‐CR‐E4B
D1803‐CR‐T‐E4B
Bosch
03 Naturally Aspirated and Turbo
Models (3 and 4 Cylinders) V2403‐CR‐E4B
V2403‐CR‐T‐E4B
V2607‐CR‐T‐E4B
07 Series – Two Basic Models 2.6
Denso
and 3.3 Liters Turbocharged
V3307‐CR‐T‐E4B
V3800 Turbocharged with TI and V3800‐CR‐T‐E4B
SCR Coming Soon
11
Electronically Controlled Engine
Tier 3+
1. Multiple sensors indicate engine operating status .
2. The ECU controls valves based on the sensors.
Supply pump
Sensors
1. Rail Pressure
2. Coolant Temp
3. Crank Position(NE)
Injector
4. Cam Position(G)
5. Boost (Turbo only) ECU
6. Barometric Pressure
7. Air Flow
8. Differential Pressure EGR valve
9. T0
10. T1
11. T2
(12). EGR Valve Position
(Denso Only) Throttle valve
(13). Throttle Valve Position
(14). Oil Switch + Air Intake Temp
+ Fuel Temp (iT4)
12
6
Electronically Controlled Engine
Tier 4F
1. ACU control electrical valves according to sensor values.
2. ECU and ACU is communicating each other through CAN.
Sensor ECU Valves
14 sensors 4 actuators
DEF Pump
Sensor
1. NOx (Pre) DEF Injector
2. NOx (Post) ACU
3. SCR inlet Temp.
4. DEF Tank Level Water Valve
5. DEF Quality
6. DEF Temp.
7. DEF Pressure DEF Tube heater
13
Engine Control Unit (ECU)
1. 03‐Series (Bosch)
2. V3‐ and 07‐Series (Denso)
14
7
Barometric Pressure Sensor
1. Senses atmosphere pressure. ( low pressure at high altitude. )
2. ECU has the circuit for sensing pressure on the board.
3. ECU uses this value for fuel injection control.
Inside of ECU
15
Temperature Sensors
1. Temperature sensors are negative temperature coefficient type.
Intake Air Temperature Sensor
16
8
Pressure Sensors
1. Pressure sensors are linear type.
Intake Air Pressure Sensor
17
Coolant Temperature Sensor
1. Cold start‐up mode
2. Overheat detection
3. Fuel injection quantity influence
4. Normal range 50 – 100 C
Rail
Supply
pump
Feed
pum
p
Tank
18
9
Air Flow Sensor
1. Senses the amount of fresh air into engine.
2. ECU uses this value for EGR valve control and regeneration .
EGR
3
Cooler
Rail
Supply
pump
Feed
pum
p
Tank
19
Crank Position (NE) Sensor
1. ECU uses this value for controlling injection timing and sensing engine speed (RPM).
2. Pulsar gear is coupled with Crankshaft, and it shows Piston position.
Rail
Supply
pump
Feed
pump
Tank
Crank Position : crankshaft angle (CA)
NE : Crank Position Sensor is sometimes called as NE sensor
20
10
Cam Position (G) Sensor
1. Calculating engine speed for fuel injection timing.
2. Piston position
Rail
Supply
pump
Feed
pump
Tank
G: Cam Position Sensor is sometimes called as G sensor
21
Timing Pulse Chart
1. Typical timing pulse output of crankshaft and camshaft sensors.
A: Crankshaft Position Sensor B: Camshaft Position Sensor
Toothless Fifth
Section Tooth
TDC TDC
A
22
11
Intake Throttle Valve
1. During Regeneration control, throttle valve close and decrease intake air quantity.
2. Decreasing intake air quantity increase exhaust gas temp. (DOC catalyst activation)
3. Not linked to accelerator command.
Rail
Supply
pump
Feed
pum
p
Tank
DOC:Diesel Oxidation Catalyst
23
High Pressure Fuel System Overview (CRS)
1. Fuel is compressed to high pressure by the supply pump
2. High pressure fuel is stored in the rail, and distributed to each injector.
Supply Pump
compress and
delivers fuel to Rail
Rail
maintains high
pressure fuel
Injector
injects fuel into the
combustion chamber
24
12
Supply Pump
1. compress fuel and send to Rail.
2. quantity of fuel to Rail is regulated by SCV control.
Supply Pump
SCV
SCV: Suction Control Valve
25
SCV
1. Quantity of fuel output is controlled by time which ECU sends current to the coil.
2. Full open (maximum fuel output) is when current = 0.
ON ON ON
SCV: Suction Control Valve
26
13
Fuel Temperature Sensor
1. Senses fuel temperature at intake side of Supply Pump. (Denso only.)
Fuel Temp. Sensor
Rail
Supply
pump
Feed
pum
Supply Pump p
Tank
27
Supply Pump
1. Feed pump
2. PCV
3. Pressure feed part
4. Delivery valve
PCV
Delivery valve
Pressure
feed part
Feed pump
PCV: Pre‐stroke Control Valve
28
14
Supply Pump
1. The valve closes when electric current is applied.
2. The amount of pressure feed fuel is controlled by the timing when the valve closes.
29
Fuel Rail | Pressure Sensor and Pressure Limiter
1. Rail sensor and limiter are not serviceable separately.
iT4 V3800CR, 07CR Rail Pressure Limiter 03CR Rail Pressure Limiter
Valve opening pressure: 31,900 PSI (220 MPa) Valve opening pressure: 24,700 PSI (170 MPa)
Valve closing pressure: 7,300 PSI (50 MPa) Valve closing pressure: 5,800 PSI (40 MPa)
30
15
CRS Injectors
1. Must register the injector compensation codes into the ECU with diagnostic tool,
and on the Kubota website.
31
CRS Injectors
1. Must register the injector compensation codes into the ECU with diagnostic tool,
and on the Kubota website.
ID code
when input incorrectly :
P0602 「QR data error」
32
16
EGR Valve
1. Control the quantity of circulation gas
2. A check valve to prevent the intake air is discharged from the exhaust side without
entering the cylinder.
EGR Valve
Reed Valve
EGR
Rail
Supply
pump
Feed
pump
Tank
33
Differential Pressure Sensor
1. Senses pressure difference before and after DPF.
2. Calculates PM quantity.
Rail
Supply
pump
Feed
pum
p
Tank
PM: Particulate Mater (Soot)
34
17
Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensors(T0, T1, T2)
Senses exhaust gas temperatures in the DPF muffler.
1. T0 : DOC in
2. T1 : DPF in
3. T2 : DPF out
Rail
Supply
pump
Feed
pum
p
Tank
35
Regeneration
1. Regeneration
– A process that catalyzes soot (PM) in the DPF
2. Passive Regeneration
– Regeneration done strictly by normal exhaust heat due to load
3. Active Regeneration
– Regeneration controlled by the ECU
36
18
Regeneration
1. Inhibit
2. Uninhibit
3. Requirements for regeneration:
– Neutral
– Uninhibit
– Parking brake set
– Vehicle speed set to zero
– Engine coolant over 65C (149F)
– Accelerator pedal has to be 0%
– Zero active DTCs
37
Regeneration
1. DPF Filter medium (wall flow) traps PM.
DOC DPF
Trap PM
38
19
Regeneration
Regeneration
39
Regeneration
To increase exhaust gas temp. to control PM.
1. require engine rpm increasing
rpm
2. close throttle valve
3. Post Injection
Main Post
Pre
After
TDC BDC
40
20
Regeneration
Post Injection increases T1 temp. for Regen.
The fuel ,which is injected after explosion, reached to DOC directly. The
Fuel on DOC and catalyst of DOC starts catalytic reaction. This
reaction heat increase exhaust gas temperature (T1 temp.).
When executed?
1. under Regeneration control (all of Auto, Parked, Manual)
2. T0, T1, T2 reached to specified temperature.
3. Coolant temp. > 65 degC.
T0 T1 T2
Pre Main Post
After
TDC BDC
DOC DPF
41
Regeneration
42
21
SCR system
1. SCR catalyst
2. ASC
DOC DPF SCR ASC 3. DEF Injector
4. DEF Pump
DEF Injector 5. DEF Tank
6. Header Unit
7. DEF Tube (Suction)
DEF
8. DEF Tube (Delivery)
Pump
9. DEF Tube (Return)
Coolant
10. Coolant Valve
Valve
Sensors
1. NOx (Pre)
2. NOx (Post)
3. SCR Inlet Temp.
4. DEF Tank Level
5. DEF Quality
6. DEF Temp.
ECU CAN ACU 7. DEF Pressure
Control Unit
1. ACU
43
SCR System
1. The purpose of SCR is to reduce NOx by chemical reaction on SCR catalyst.
2. Urea changes into Ammonia by heat.
3. NOx has reductive reaction with Ammonia by SCR catalyst.
4. Excessive Ammonia changes into N2 by ASC.
SCR catalyst ASC
NH3 H2 O
NOX N2
NH3 H2 O
NOX NH3
N2
SCR: Selective Catalytic Reduction
ASC: Ammonia Slip Catalyst
Ammonia Slip : exhaustion of excessive NH3 without reaction with NOx
44
22
DEF Injector Cooling
After key switch turned off (= engine stopped)
1. DEF is circulated about for 1 – 10 min normally (depend on exhaust gas temp.) to
cool down DEF injector.
2. After finishing cooling, DEF is purged for maximum 90 sec (depend on DEF pressure).
* DO NOT DISCONNECT the battery cable for maximum 11.5 min after engine stops
DEF injector
cooling DEF purge
1 – 10 min Max. 90 sec
45
Thaw Control
1. During DEF frozen, engine torque is limited max. 20 % to protect DEF injector.
2. Because DEF pump cannot circulate DEF to DEF injector for cooling.
3. Calculates O‐ring temperature in DEF injector with exhaust gas temp., exhaust gas
flow rate, ambient temp. and etc..
* Rubber part is the weakest part in DEF injector.
* Under thaw control, engine torque is limited.
Torque
Calculates O‐ring temp. and Reduction
decides how much torque to limit Frozen detected Unfreeze Time
46
23
Operator Inducement
1. Reduction Lv.1 : Within 50 % of maximum torque, within 60 % of engine speed
‐ limits engine power and work severely by disabling the function of machine.
2. Reduction Lv.2 : No available net torque, nearly idle‐speed
‐ To incent the operator strongly in order to remedy the caused problem by effective
disablement of machine.
1) Reduction Lv.1 Repair Cured
2) Reduction Lv.1 Reduction Lv.2 Repair Cured
Torque & rpm
Normal Cured
100% torque
100% rpm
Reduction Lv.1
50% torque
60% rpm
Reduction Lv.2
idling only
Time
47
Diagnostic Trouble Codes
48
24
Diagnostic Trouble Codes
49
Diagnostic Trouble Codes
Go here for DTC assistance...
50
25
Diagmaster Tool Kit
DST‐i
51
Diagmaster Tool Kit
1. Check DTCs
2. Data Monitor
ECU
52
26
Diagmaster Tool Kit
1. “Diagmaster” is Kubota’s diagnostic software program communicate with the ECU.
Driver Firmware
Database
53
Maintenance Information
54
27
KUBOTA Genuine Parts
KUBOTA Engine America
DPF Cleaning Program
QUALITY GUARANTEED GENUINE
DPF Cleaning
KUBOTA Genuine Parts
DPF cleaning currently available through KUBOTA Engine America.
Option 1. Clean DPF Exchange Kit:
All Distributors (through the Essential Service Parts Program) will automatically receive
Cleaned DPF Exchange Kits for shelf‐ready service.
Option 2. Clean & Return Program:
KEA will offer alternate Clean & Return Program
DPF’s can be shipped to KUBOTA Engine America for
cleaning. After cleaning KEA will return
The DPF directly to the shipper
QUALITY GUARANTEED GENUINE
1
KUBOTA Genuine Parts
Clean DPF Exchange Kit
Clean DPF Exchange Kits shipped through the
Essential Service Parts Program will not be
assessed a core charge.
QUALITY GUARANTEED GENUINE
An alternate Clean & Return Program is available now.
The DPF cleaning process for Clean & Return Program is
the same as Clean DPF Exchange except for:
No core charge
No direct distributor handling
QUALITY GUARANTEED GENUINE
2
KUBOTA Genuine Parts
Clean DPF Exchange Process
Distributor sells kit to service
dealer + core deposit
1 2 3
Distributor purchases Clean Service dealer installs
DPF Exchange Kit + core clean DPF
deposit
Service dealer returns
DPF core directly to KEA
Credit issued
to Distributor
6 5 4
Core received &
evaluated by KEA
QUALITY GUARANTEED GENUINE
Dealer sends DPF to KEA using
pre‐authorization(PO) No.
1 2 3
After cleaning DPF is
shipped direct to dealer
Dealer
completes
DPF
5 4
maintenance
Distributor is invoiced.
Order confirmation sent
QUALITY GUARANTEED GENUINE
3
KUBOTA Genuine Parts
Return Form
QUALITY GUARANTEED GENUINE
Certificate
KUBOTA Genuine Parts
Included in Kit:
Unique certificate
For each DPF
cleaned
QUALITY GUARANTEED GENUINE
4
KUBOTA Genuine Parts
Return Instructions
Caution statement:
handle with care
QUALITY GUARANTEED GENUINE
Pre-determination guide
KUBOTA Genuine Parts
QUALITY GUARANTEED GENUINE
5
KUBOTA Genuine Parts
Returnable shipping box
QUALITY GUARANTEED GENUINE