MEDIA & INFORMATION SOURCES What is Indigenous?

SOURCES OF INFORMATION: - Native; local; originating or produced

naturally in a particular region/locality
• LIBRARIES
Indigenous Knowledge
• INDIGENOUS MEDIA
- Knowledge that is unique to a specific
• INTERNET culture or society; most often it is not
written down
WHAT IS A LIBRARY?
Indigenous Communication
- A place in which literary, musical, artistic,
or reference materials (such as books, - transmission of information through
manuscripts, recordings, or films) are kept local channels or forms
for use but not for sale
- it is a means by which the culture is
(Merriam Webster’s 11th Collegiate preserved, handed down and
Dictionary) adapted
4 Major Types of Libraries: INDIGENOUS MEDIA
• ACADEMIC LIBRARY - may be defined as forms of media
expression conceptualized, produced, and
• PUBLIC LIBRARY
circulated by indigenous peoples around
• SCHOOL LIBRARY the globe as vehicles for communication

• SPECIAL LIBRARY FORMS OF INDIGENOUS MEDIA:

1. FOLK OR TRADITIONAL MEDIA

ACADEMIC LIBRARY 2. GATHERINGS AND SOCIAL

ORGANIZATIONS
- serves colleges and universities
3. DIRECT OBSERVATION
PUBLIC LIBRARY
4. RECORDS (WRITTEN, CARVED,
- serves cities and towns of all types ORAL)

SCHOOL LIBRARY 5. ORAL INSTRUCTION

- serves students from Kindergarten to SOURCES OF INFORMATION:

Grade 12
• LIBRARIES
SPECIAL LIBRARY
• INDIGENOUS MEDIA
- are in specialized environments, such as
hospitals, corporations, museums, the • INTERNET
military, private business, and the
What is an Internet?
government.
a global computer network providing a
SOURCES OF INFORMATION:
variety of information and communication
• LIBRARIES facilities, consisting of interconnected
networks using standardized
• INDIGENOUS MEDIA communication protocols.

• INTERNET EVALUATING INFORMATION FOUND

ON THE INTERNET:
-Authorship Other information may be timeless, proven
to be the same in reliability, accuracy, and
-Publishing body value throughout history.
-Accuracy and Verifiability Skills in determining the Reliability of
-Currency Information:

Things to Consider in Evaluating a. Check the Author

Information: b. Check the Date of Publication or of
- Reliability update

- Accuracy c. Check for Citations

- Value d. Check the Domain or owner of the

site/page.
- Authority
.com - commercial
- Timeliness
.edu - educational
Reliability of Information
.mil -military
Information is said to be reliable if it can be
verified and evaluated. Others refer to the .gov -government
trustworthiness of the source in evaluating .org -nonprofit organization
the reliability of information.
a. Look for facts.
Accuracy of Information
b. Cross-reference with other source
Accuracy refers to the closeness of the for consistency.
report to the actual data. Measurement of
accuracy varies, depending on the type of c. Determine the reason for writing
information being evaluated. and publishing the information.

Forecasts - similar to the actual data.

Financial - values are correct MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY

Value of Information Information literacy

Information is said to be of value if it aids THE WORLD OF INFORMATION AND

the user in making or improving decisions. TECHNOLOGY IS CONSTANTLY GROWING,
CHANGING, AND EXPANDING.
Authority of the Source
INFORMATION OF VARYING QUALITY IS
Who authored or published the INCREASINGLY AVAILABLE THROUGH MANY
information? DIFFERENT AVENUES, INCLUDING SOCIAL
MEDIA, THE MASS MEDIA, AND THE
- Is the source credible? INTERNET.

Timeliness BEING ABLE TO NAVIGATE THIS GROWING

AND EVOLVING LANDSCAPE IS CRUCIAL
Reliability, accuracy, and value of
FOR SUCCESS AT SCHOOL, AT WORK, AND
information may vary based on the time it
IN LIFE.
was produced or acquired. It may become
irrelevant and inaccurate with the passing WHAT IS INFORMATION LITERACY?
of time (thus making it less valuable)
Information Literacy
-is the set of integrated abilities • INDUSTRIAL AGE
encompassing the reflective discovery of
information, the understanding of how • ELECTRONIC AGE
information is produced and valued, and
the use of information in creating new • NEW/INOFRMATION AGE
knowledge and participating ethically in
PRE-INDUSTRIAL AGE (BEFORE
communities of learning." -The Association
1700)
of College & Research Libraries' Framework
for Information Literacy. • People discovered fire, developed
-Information Literacy is the ability to find paper from plants, and forged
and use information responsibly. It is an weapons and tools with stone,
important component of critical thinking in bronze, copper and iron
the digital age.
Example Forms of Media:
AN INFORMATION LITERATE PERSON IS
ABLE TO: • Cave paintings (35,000 BC)

•RECOGNIZE WHEN THEY NEED • Clay tables in Mesopotamia (2400

INFORMATION BC)

•UNDERSTAND HOW INFORMATION IS • Papyrus in Egypt (2500 BC)

CREATED
• Acta Diurna in Rome (130 BC)
•DETERMINE WHAT TYPE AND SOURCE OF
INFORMATION WILL BE THE MOST HELPFUL • Dibao in China (2nd Century)
OR RELEVANT FOR THEIR NEED
• Codex in Mayan region (5th
• KNOW WHEN AND HOW TO Century)
USE THESE INFORMATION
EFFECTIVELY • Printing press using wood blocks
(220)
• •FIND INFORMATION EFFECTIVELY
AND EFFICIENTLY

• •EVALUATE INFORMATION FOR

ACCURACY AND RELEVANCY

• •CREDIT SOURCES OF INFORMATION

APPROPRIATELY WITH CORRECT
CITATIONS Acta Diurna

THE EVOLUTION OF TRADITIONAL INDUSTRIAL AGE (1700s TO 1930s)

TO NEW MEDIA
• People used the power of steam,
• PRE- INDUSTRIAL AGE developed machine tools,
 established iron production, and • Large electronic computers
the manufacturing of various
products (including books through • Mainframe computers
the printing press) • OHP, LCD projectors
Example Forms of Media:

• Printing press for mass production

(1900)

• Newspaper – The London Gazette

(1740)

• Typewriter (1800)

• Telephone (1876)

• Motion picture
photography/projection(1890)

• Commercial motion pictures

(1913)

• Telegraph

ELECTRONIC AGE (1930S TO 1980S)

• The invention of the transistor

ushered in the electronic age.
People harnessed the power of
transistors that led to the
transistor radio, electronic circuits
and the early computers. In this
age, long distance communication
became more efficient.

Example Forms of Media:

• Transistor Radio

• Television (1941)
NEW/ INFORMATION AGE (1900S TO
2000S)

• The internet paved the way for

faster communication and the
creation of the social network.
People advanced the use of
microelectronics with the
invention of personal computers,
mobile devices and wearable
technology. Moreover, voice,
image, sound and data are
digitalized. We are now living in
the information age.

NEW AGE (1900S TO 2000S)

• Web browsers : Mosaic (1993),

Internet Explorer (1995)

• Blogs: Blogpost (1999),

Wordpress (2003)

• Social networks: Friendster

(2002), Multiply (2003), FB (2004)

• Microblogs :Twitter (2006),

Tumblr (2007)

• Video: YouTube (2005)

• Augmented Reality/ Virtual

Reality

• Video chat: Skype (2003)

• Search Engines : Google (1996),

Yahoo (1995)

• Portable computers – laptops

(1980), netbooks (2008), tablets
(1993)

• Smart phones

• Wearable technology
  Digital or New Media

Print Media

MEDIA  A media consisting of papers and

ink, reproduced in a printing
Traditional
process that is traditionally
• Media experience is limited mechanical.

• One-directional Broadcast Media

• Sense receptors used are specific  It reach the target audiences

using airwaves as the
New transmission medium.

• Media experience is more  Is the distribution of audio or

interactive video content to a dispersed
audience via any electronic mass
• Audiences are more involved and
communications medium, but
cans end feedbacks
typically one using the
simultaneously
electromagnetic spectrum, in a
• Integrates all the aspects of old one-to-many model.
media
Digital or New Media
THE TYPES OF MEDIA
 Digital – refers to the used of
What is Media? digits, particularly binary
numbers.
 Media are the communication
outlets or tools used to store and  Contents are organized and
deliver information or data. The distributed on digital platforms.
term refers to components of the
 Media that are encoded in
mass media communications
machine-readable formats. Digital
industry, such as print media,
media can be created, viewed,
publishing, the news media,
distributed, modified and
photography, cinema,
preserved on digital electronics
broadcasting, and advertising.
devices.
What is the purpose of media?
What is Media Convergence?
 The purpose of media is to
 It is the merging of mass
provide programs and services
communication outlets – the
that inform, educate, enlighten,
Internet along with portable and
and enrich the public and help
interactive technologies through
inform civil discourses.
various digital media platforms.
Types of Media:
 It happens when two or more
 Print Media different media sources join
together.
 Broadcast Media
  It allows media texts to be
produced and distributed on
multiple media devices.

MOBILE PHONE

FACEBOOK

COMPUTER

INTERNET

GOOGLE