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    Summary of Buffer Solution: A Buffer Solution Is An Aqueous Solution That Can Maintain The PH of A System

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    Wiji Tri Utari
    Buffer solutions maintain pH within a specified range when acids or bases are added. They contain conjugate acid-base pairs like a weak acid and its conjugate base or weak base and its conjugate acid. The buffer capacity depends on the concentrations of these components - it is highest when they are equal. Common biological buffers include haemoglobin, phosphate, and carbonate. The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation relates pH to these components' concentrations and dissociation constants. When an acid or base is added, it reacts with the conjugate component to neutralize the pH change. Dilution can also affect the buffer equilibrium depending on the dissociation constant and concentrations.

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    Summary of Buffer Solution: A Buffer Solution Is An Aqueous Solution That Can Maintain The PH of A System

    Uploaded by

    Wiji Tri Utari
    70 views2 pages
    Buffer solutions maintain pH within a specified range when acids or bases are added. They contain conjugate acid-base pairs like a weak acid and its conjugate base or weak base and its conjugate acid. The buffer capacity depends on the concentrations of these components - it is highest when they are equal. Common biological buffers include haemoglobin, phosphate, and carbonate. The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation relates pH to these components' concentrations and dissociation constants. When an acid or base is added, it reacts with the conjugate component to neutralize the pH change. Dilution can also affect the buffer equilibrium depending on the dissociation constant and concentrations.

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    Summary of buffer solutions

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    Buffer solutions maintain pH within a specified range when acids or bases are added. They contain conjugate acid-base pairs like a weak acid and its conjugate base or weak base and its conjugate acid. The buffer capacity depends on the concentrations of these components - it is highest when they are equal. Common biological buffers include haemoglobin, phosphate, and carbonate. The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation relates pH to these components' concentrations and dissociation constants. When an acid or base is added, it reacts with the conjugate component to neutralize the pH change. Dilution can also affect the buffer equilibrium depending on the dissociation constant and concentrations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    70 views2 pages

    Summary of Buffer Solution: A Buffer Solution Is An Aqueous Solution That Can Maintain The PH of A System

    Uploaded by

    Wiji Tri Utari
    Buffer solutions maintain pH within a specified range when acids or bases are added. They contain conjugate acid-base pairs like a weak acid and its conjugate base or weak base and its conjugate acid. The buffer capacity depends on the concentrations of these components - it is highest when they are equal. Common biological buffers include haemoglobin, phosphate, and carbonate. The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation relates pH to these components' concentrations and dissociation constants. When an acid or base is added, it reacts with the conjugate component to neutralize the pH change. Dilution can also affect the buffer equilibrium depending on the dissociation constant and concentrations.

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    SUMMARY OF BUFFER SOLUTION

    1. A buffer solution is an aqueous solution that can maintain the pH of a system


    within a specified range when a small amount of acid or base is added, or when
    the system diluted.

    2. A buffer solution has acid and base components that generally take the form of
    conjugate acid-base pairs : weak acid and its conjugate base (HA/A-) or
    weak base and its conjugate acid (B/BH+)

    3. The equilibrium of acid and base components in buffer solutions.


     Buffer solution HA/A- is composed of weak acid (HA) and its salt (MA).
    HA(aq)  H+(aq) + A-(aq)
    Acid component Base component
    from weak acid HA from salt MA

     Buffer solution B/BH+ is composed of weak base (B) and its salt (BHA).
    B (aq) + H2O  BH+(aq) + OH-(aq)
    Base component Acid component
    from weak base B from salt BHA

    4. The buffer capacity of a solution refers to their ability to resist changes in pH


    upon the addition of acid/base or dilution. The capacity of a buffer solution is
    determined by the concentrations of the acid and base component and
    their concentration ratio. The optimum capacity is obtained when the
    concentration of the acid and base component are the same equimolar.

    5. Preparing buffer solutions HA/A- and B/BH+

    Buffer solution HA/A- Buffer solution B/BH+


    Weak acid + its salt Weak base + its salt
    Excess weak acid + Strong base Excess weak base + Strong acid
    Excess salt of weak acid + Strong acid Excess salt of weak base + Strong base

    6. Important buffer system in human bodies: haemoglobin, phosphate


    H2PO4-/HPO42-, and carbonate H2CO3/HCO3-

    7. The Henderson – Hasselbalch Equation


    Buffer solution HA/A- Buffer solution B/BH+
    pH = pKa – log
    [ HA ] pOH = pKb – log
    [B ]
    ¿¿ ¿¿
    8. The way buffer solution work upon the addition of a small amount of acid or
    base or when dilution takes place.
    Buffer solution HA/A- Buffer solution B/BH+
    Adding a small The acid H+ added will be The acid H+ added will be neutralized
    amount of acid neutralized by the base component, by the base component, B.
    (H+) A-
    H+ + B  BH+
    + -
    H + A  HA Acid Base component
    Acid Base component Being of buffer solution
    Being of buffer solution added
    added
    Adding a small The base OH- added will be The base OH- added will be
    amount of base neutralized by the acid component, neutralized by the acid component,
    (OH-) HA BH+

    OH- + HA  A- + H2O OH- + BH+  B + H2O


    Base Acid component Base Acid component
    Being of buffer Being of buffer
    Added solution Added solution
    Dilution (adding Dilution will affect the moles of H+ Dilution will affect the moles of H+
    H2O) (H3O+) and OH- in the system, which (H3O+) and OH- in the system, which
    will cause a shift in the buffer will cause a shift in the buffer
    solution equilibrium. The effects of solution equilibrium. The effects of
    dilution can be observed only if the dilution can be observed only if the
    value of Ka is relatively large and the value of Kb is relatively large and the
    concentrations of the components are concentrations of the components are
    very small. very small.

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