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Experiment No 3 To Calculate The Total Draft and Draft Constant of The Given Carding Machine

The document describes an experiment to calculate the total draft and draft constant of a carding machine. It provides details on the equipment used, parts of the carding machine, the test procedure, and calculations. The total draft was calculated to be 87.26 using formulas that multiplied the tension drafts between rollers by the main draft. The draft constant was then determined to be 1745.2 by multiplying the total draft by the draft change pinion value of 20.

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507 views

Experiment No 3 To Calculate The Total Draft and Draft Constant of The Given Carding Machine

The document describes an experiment to calculate the total draft and draft constant of a carding machine. It provides details on the equipment used, parts of the carding machine, the test procedure, and calculations. The total draft was calculated to be 87.26 using formulas that multiplied the tension drafts between rollers by the main draft. The draft constant was then determined to be 1745.2 by multiplying the total draft by the draft change pinion value of 20.

Uploaded by

textilian1419
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment No 3

To calculate the total draft and draft constant of the


given carding machine.

Equipment and material


 Stop watch
 Carding machine
 Techno-meter

Working of Carding Machine


A typical cottage carder has a single large drum (the Cylinder)
accompanied by in-feed rollers (nippers), one or more pairs of worker
and stripper rollers, a fancy, a doffer, pair of cylinder roller, and
a coiler cylinder roller.

Raw fiber, placed on the in-feed table or conveyor is moved to


the feed rollers which restrain and meter the fiber onto the cylinder.
As they are transferred to the cylinder, many of the fibers are
straightened and laid into the cylinder's card cloth. These fibers
will be carried past the workers/stripper rollers to the fancy. As the
cylinder carries the fibers forward, from the feed rollers, those
fibers that are not yet straightened are picked up by a worker and
carried over the top to its paired stripper.

Relative to the surface speed of the cylinder, the worker turns


quite slowly. This has the effect of reversing the fiber. The
stripper, which turns at a higher speed than the worker, pulls fibers
from the worker and passes them to the cylinder. The stripper's
relative surface speed is slower than the cylinder's so the cylinder
pulls the fibers from the stripper for additional straightening.
Straightened fibers are carried by the cylinder to the fancy.

The fancy's card cloth is designed to engage with the cylinder's


card cloth so that the fibers are lifted to the tips of the cylinder's
card cloth and carried by the swift to the doffer. The fancy and the
swift are the only rollers in the carding process that actually touch.
The slowly turning doffer removes the fibers from the cylinder and
carries them to the fly comb where they are stripped from the doffer.

A fine web of more or less parallel fiber, a few fibers thick and
as wide as the carder’s rollers, exits the carder at the fly comb by
calendar roller and is packed into sliver with the help of coiler
calendar roller.
Parts of Carding Machine
 Lap roller
 Feed roller
 Taker –in
 Cylinder
 Doffer
 Fancy
 Calendar roller
 Coiler calendar roller

Test Procedure

 Diameter of lap roller was measured.


 Revolutions per minute were also observed with stop watch.
 Similar steps were repeated for feed roller.
 Diameter of doffer was measured.
 Revolutions per minute were also observed with stop watch.
 Similar steps were repeated for calendar and coiler roller.
 Following formulae were used to calculate total draft (T.D) &
draft constant (D.C).

Total Draft T.D = T.D1 * M.D * T.D2 * T.D3


Draft constant D.C = T.D * D.C.P (Draft Change Pinion)

 Tension draft1 is between lap roller and feed roller.


 Tension draft2 is between calendar roller and doffer.
 Tension draft3 is between coiler calendar and calendar roller.
 Main draft is between feed roller and doffer.
Calculations
Type of Rollers Diameter of Rpm of rollers Surface speed =
roller (d) (n) πnd

LAP roller 6 inches 0.45 8.478 in/min


Feed roller 2.25 inches 1.25 8.831 in/min
Cylinder 50 inches 176 27632 in/min
Doffer 27 inches 7.5 635.85 in/min
Calendar roller 4 inches 55 690.80 in/min
Coiler calendar 2 inches 118 741.04 in/min
roller

Tension Draft
Tension draft TD1= Surface speed of feed roller = 8.831= 1.041
Surface speed of lap roller 8.478

Main Draft MD = Surface speed of doffer = 635.85 = 72.00


Surface speed of feed roller 8.831

Tension Draft TD2 = Surface speed of calendar roller = 690.80 =1.086

Surface speed of doffer 635.85

Tension Draft TD3 = Surface speed of coiler calendar roller=741.04=1.072

Surface speed of calendar roller 690.80

Total Draft = TD1 x MD x TD2 x TD3 = 87.26

Draft change pinion = 20

Draft constant = Total draft x DCP (draft change pinion) = 87.26 x 20

= 1745.2
Conclusion
So the calculations reveal that:-

Total Draft = 87.26

Draft constant = 1745.2

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