FACTUAL REPORT

1. Definition
Factual report is a text that explains and elaborate some factual information relate to particular
objects, matter, or thins which are based on a factual accurances and scientific and observatory.

2. Purpose
The purpose of Factual report text is to present information about something. They
generally describes an entire class of things, whether natural or made. For example
mammals, rocks, plants, etc.
3.   Generic Structure
·          A general statement
Statement that describe the common subject of report, common description, and classification
·     A sequenced of Factual report
A sequenced of Factual report contains a Factual report of why the phenomenon may be
created.
General Clasification ; Stating classification of general aspect of thing; animal, public place,
plant, etc which will be discussed in general.
 Description : tells what the phenomenon under discussion ; in terms of parts, qualities, habits or
behaviors. 
4.      Language Features
·         Using conditional logical connection; time words that connect events to tell when they
occur. Such as when, so, but, etc.
·         Use of general nouns, e.g. hunting dogs, rather than particular nouns, e.g. our dog.
·         Most reports are written in the present tense to indicate usualness, e.g. Tropical cyclones
always begin over the sea
·         Use of relating verbs to describe features, e.g. molecules are tiny particles.
·         Some use of action verbs when describing behavior, e.g. Emus cannot fly.
·         Use of technical terms, e.g. Isobars are lines drawn on a weather map.
·         Use of paragraphs with topic sentences to organize bundles of information; repeated
naming of the topic as the beginning focus of the clause.
      Example
   Rainbow
 Rainbow is a natural phenomenon that is so impressive. This phenomenon often appears
after rain. Rainbow is an arc spectrum which is so large and occurs because the drops are
refracted by sunlight. When the sun is shining and the light passing through water droplets, then
you will see a refraction that causes a wide variety of colors. Light is refracted like light passing
through a glass prism.
Other names of the rainbow is a rainbow which is a symptom of optical and
meteorological phenomenon in which light with different colors refracted parallel to each other
into water droplets. You can also see this phenomenon under the very high and heavy waterfall.
How does rainbow happen in detail? All the happenings begin when the sunlight passing
through the raindrops. Then the light is deflected to the center of the droplet. The white light,
now separated from each other into a spectrum of colors. The process does not stop there. The
colors that have been separated, then separate again into the very small portions. There is more
light separated from each other in the droplets. Then there are more curved and finally those
color form a light curve called a rainbow.
Can we make a rainbow? Of course. There are at least two ways that you can do to make
a rainbow. First, you can use a spray containing water. We know that rainbows occur when
sunlight passing through the raindrops. So, we make our own rain droplets from the water spray.
In the morning or afternoon, spray water under the sun, then see the water droplets flying. Spray
lots of water and you will see a small rainbow that you can touch easily.
Second, use pieces of video discs then reflected to the light of the sun, and navigate to the
wall or ceiling of your house. On the ceiling or the wall, you will see a colorful light that have
the same color with the rainbow.

http://britishcourse.com/report-text-definition-purposes-generic-structures-language-
features.php.

Exercise Report Text

Text 1
For many years people believed that the cleverest animals after man were the chimpanzees. Now,
however, there is a proof that dolphins may be even cleverer than these big apes. Although a
dolphin lives in the sea, it is not a fish. It is a mammal. It is in many ways, therefore, like a
human being.
Dolphins have a simple language. They are able to talk to one another. It may be possible for
man to learn how to talk to dolphins. But, this will not be easy because dolphins cannot hear the
kind of sounds man can make. If man wants to talk to dolphins, therefore, he will have to make a
third language which both he and the dolphins can understand.
Dolphins are also very friendly toward man. They often follow ships. There are many stories
about dolphins guiding ships through difficult and dangerous waters.
1. The text above is in the form of………….
A.       spoof
B.       report
C.       recount
D.      procedure
E.       narration
2. To tell the factual information, the writer mostly uses…………
A.       passive voice
B.       simple past tense
C.       present perfect tense
D.      simple present tense
E.       present continuous tense
3. What kind of animal is dolphin?
A.       insect
B.       fish
C.       mammal
D.      bird
E.       shark

4. Why talking to dolphin is not easy?

A.       dolphins cannot hear the kind of man’s sounds
B.       dolphins cannot think as human
C.       dolphins like playing with man
D.      dolphins feel annoyed by man
E.       dolphins want to be free
5. What is the characteristic of dolphin according to the text?
A.       fierce
B.       friendly
C.       naughty
D.       shy
E.        not responsible

Text 2
Whales are sea-living mammals. They therefore breathe air but cannot survive or land. Some
species are very large indeed and the blue whale, which can exceed 30 meter length, is the
largest animal which lives on earth. Superficially, the whale looks rather like a fish, but there are
important difference in its external structure; its tail consists of a pair of broad, flat horizontal
paddles (the tail of a fish is vertical) and it has a single nostril on top of its breadth, broad head.
The skin is smooth and shiny and beneath it lies a layer of flat (blubber). This is up to 30 meter
in thickness and serves to conserve heat and body fluids.

6. What is the text about?

A.       sea-living mammals
B.       the description of mammals
C.       the difference between whales and fish
D.       whales
E.        how whales survive themselves

7. The length of a whale is……..

A.       is generally more than 30 meter
B.       may be more than 30 meter
C.       is less than 30 meter
D.       ranges from 30 meter to more than 30 meter
E.        is 30 meter at the most
8. Sentence 1………….
A.       tells an orientation
B.       poses a thesis
C.       shows an abstract
D.       gives a general classification
E.        elaborates an explanation
9. What type of text is used by the writer?
A.       narrative
B.       report
C.       recount
D.       news items
E.        exposition
10. To tell the factual information, the writer uses…….
A.       passive voice
B.       direct speech
C.       reported speech
D.       simple past tense
E.        simple present tense
Downvote

ANSWER
1. About Lavender
2. To explain what lavender is.
3. On almost all continents/almost everywhere.
4. The name is taken from a color name, Lavendar.
5. Lavandula.
6. Drying the petals and sealing them in pouches.
7. To prevent moths.
8. Because the flower can become candied.
9. The French.
10. Disinfecting walls and floors, curing headache, and relaxing lavender tea.

1. (E) Scents
2. (H) Purplish
3. (J) Decorating
4. (G) Medicine
5. (A) Petals
6. (B) Plants
7. (F) Dessert
8. (C) Gardener
9. (D) Moth
10. (I) Prevent