Rf-04a Radfar Diagnostik I

Radiofarmaka dan Radiofarmaka Diagnostik
IV. menjelaskan sifat radiasi dan efeknya pada

jaringan tubuh untuk memilih radionuklida
yang digunakan dalam radiofarmaka diagnostik;
V. menjelaskan penggunaan berbagai radiofarmaka
untuk penyidikan (=diagnostik) fungsi fisiologis
jaringan tubuh, proses metabolisme, dan proses
biokimia, serta contohnya;
IODINE AND THYROID FUNCTION
anterior pituitary
dietary iodine ( I2 )
(controlling input) TSH
active
tyrosine + I- iodide ( I - )
transport
thyroxine thyroglobulin
thyroxine thyroxine + plasma

protein
thyroid gland
bound thyroxine
131I - - 333 keV, 600 keV
 364 keV, 450 keV
effects in
123I -  159 keV, no - target organ
swasono r tamat
swasono r tamat
LIVER
RES hepatocytes
Reticuloendothelial System
non-particles
Kupffer cells lipophilic
particles
< Ø RBC active removal from blood
phagocytic
process hepatocellular function
liver morphology excretion biliary tract
swasono r tamat
RES Kupffer cells 85%
Spleen, bone marrow 15%
Single pass extraction

liver efficiency 85%
< 0,1 m 0,3 - 1 m > 1 m

bone marrow liver spleen
99mTc – Sulfur Colloid

85% > 1 m
15% > 1 m
swasono r tamat
Uptake in tissue surrounding a pathological site
(tissues unaffected by the pathological)
normal physiological process
99mTc-sulphur or 99mTc-tin colloid
Phagocytosis
swasono r tamat
99mTc- Compounds for Hepatobiliary Function
131I-Rose
Bengal
1970 • Zat warna komersial, terlalu toksik,
131I-Bromosulfoftalein
efek samping radiasi -, stabil
99mTc-piridoksiliden
• Sintetik, efek samping radiasi 99mTc
1980 glutamat tidak ada, senyawa kurang stabil,
dibuat resen paratus
99mTc-HIDA • Sintetik, stabil, sebagai “kit”

1985
99mTc-HIDA derivat • Didesain dengan QSAR, sintetik,

1990 2,6 dimetil-IDA berbagai derivat dengan sedikit
perbedaan sifat lipofilik, hepatocyte
3-bromo-2,4,6-trimetil-IDA
specificity (transpor aktif, sekresi, re-
2,6-diisopropil-IDA absorbsi),gugus kelat 99mTc sama
swasono r tamat
99mTc- Compounds for Hepatobiliary Function
N-Substituted iminodiacetic acid (HIDA)
H O CH2—COOH
-N—C—CH2—N
CH2—COOH
2,3-dimethyl -
2,4-dimethyl -
2,6-dimethyl -
2,6-diethyl - Increase lipophilicity
2,6-diisopropyl -
3-bromo-2,4,6-trimethyl -
4-propyl - re-absorbtion
4-butyl - re-absorbtion
swasono r tamat
O -1
CH3
O O
H3C NH C
N O
Br O
CH3 Tc
O H3C
O
O N
C NH CH3
O H3C Br
O
99m
Tc-Mebrofenin
1. Lipophylic site,
receptor binding 2. Hydrophylic group: for 99mTc labelling
3. Molecular structure: lipophylic group far from hydrophylic group
4. Molecular size/Molecular weight : 300-1000
swasono r tamat
normal physiological process
Hepatobiliary system 99mTc- HIDA
swasono r tamat
99mTc-Compounds for Hepatobiliary System
1. Lipophylic site : for hepatocyte specificity

(protein binding site)
2. Hydrophylic group : for 99mTc labelling
• Molecular structure : lipophylic group far from
hydrophylic group
• Molecular size/molecular weight : 300 - 1000
swasono r tamat
swasono r tamat
Artificial process
99mTc-MAA 99mTc- DTPA aerosol / 133Xe gas
Diffusion O2 - CO2 exchange : 15O

2 gas
swasono r tamat
PHYSIOLOGIC EVALUATION OF BONE
First by Chiewitz & Hevesy in 1935
32P Ca++ newly forming bone

85Sr Ca++
45Ca Ca++ Ca-phosphate amorph
18F OH– Hydroxyapatite crystals
- ion exchange ion Ca++

- osteogenetic phase to form
Ca-pyrophophate amorph &
hydroxyapatite crystals
swasono r tamat
Bone Specific Agents
- chemical absorbtion on newly

99mTc-Na formed hydroxyapatite crystals
pyrophosphate
99mTc-Na
-P-O-P- hydrolyzed by phosphatase,
tripolyphosphate
- small accumulation (10%) in bone
- urine excretion
swasono r tamat
99mTc-Bone Specific Agents
Selection parameter:
diphosphonates
- blood clearance
O R1 O - enzyme phosphatase resistant
HO — P — C — P — OH - % accumulation in bone
- 99m Tc complex stability
OH R2 OH
- excretion route
R1= OH; R2 = CH3 HEDP etidronate faster blood clearance,

R1= H; R2 = H MDP medronate higher bone uptake
R1= H; R2 = OH HMDP oxidronate (60-65%) in 3 hour.
—P—N—P—
Excretion route: kidneys
Resistant to phosphatase
swasono r tamat
99mTc-MDP 99mTc-HEDP 99mTc-HMDP
swasono r tamat
IDEAL PROPERTIES OF 99mTc
FOR DIAGNOSIS
• Pure and mono-energy -emitter
• Low -energy (140 KeV), sufficient for external detection

• Short physical half-life (6 hours)
• Can be obtained in a pure form easily ---- cheap
• Versatile chemical form 0 to +7, complex with
various ligands
• Non-toxic
swasono r tamat
swasono r tamat
Normal physiological process
51Cr-EDTA / 99mTc-DTPA / 99mTc-DMSA
Renal scan
swasono r tamat
Determination of GFR
(Glomerulus Filtration Rate)
swasono r tamat
HOOC─CH─CH─COOH
SH SH
Dimercapto succinic acid (DMSA)
HOOC-CH2 CH2COOH
N-CH2-CH2-N-CH2-CH2-N
HOOC-CH2 CH2 CH2COOH
COOH
Diethylene triamine penta acetic acid (DTPA)
swasono r tamat
131/123 I- hippuran / 99mTc-MAG3 / 99mTc-EC
Renography
swasono r tamat
131I
CO─NH─CH2─COONa
Na ortho-iodohippurate
O
O O
O O N O NH
N N C2H5O C C OC2H5
Tc Tc
S N S S
O
CH2 99mTc-l,l -EC
99mTc-MAG
3 COOH
swasono r tamat
swasono r tamat

Rf-04a Radfar Diagnostik I

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Rf-04a Radfar Diagnostik I

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Rf-04a Radfar Diagnostik I

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Radiofarmaka dan Radiofarmaka Diagnostik

IV. menjelaskan sifat radiasi dan efeknya pada

thyroxine thyroxine + plasma

liver morphology excretion biliary tract

Single pass extraction

< 0,1 m 0,3 - 1 m > 1 m

99mTc – Sulfur Colloid

99mTc-HIDA • Sintetik, stabil, sebagai “kit”

99mTc-HIDA derivat • Didesain dengan QSAR, sintetik,

3. Molecular structure: lipophylic group far from hydrophylic group

4. Molecular size/Molecular weight : 300-1000

1. Lipophylic site : for hepatocyte specificity

99mTc-MAA 99mTc- DTPA aerosol / 133Xe gas

Diffusion O2 - CO2 exchange : 15O

32P Ca++ newly forming bone

- ion exchange ion Ca++

- chemical absorbtion on newly

R1= OH; R2 = CH3 HEDP etidronate faster blood clearance,

• Pure and mono-energy -emitter

• Low -energy (140 KeV), sufficient for external detection

51Cr-EDTA / 99mTc-DTPA / 99mTc-DMSA

131/123 I- hippuran / 99mTc-MAG3 / 99mTc-EC

You might also like

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.