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    Ethical Dilemma-Mahabharat

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    Deepak Dash
    The document provides information on the characters and plot of the Indian epic Mahabharata. It lists the group members studying the text and main characters like Arjuna, Bhishma, Yudhisthira, and Krishna. It then summarizes some of the moral dilemmas faced by key characters, including Arjuna's despair before the battle, Bhishma's extreme selflessness, Yudhisthira's gambling losses, and Karna's loyalty to Duryodhana despite his family ties to the Pandavas.

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    Ethical Dilemma-Mahabharat

    Uploaded by

    Deepak Dash
    643 views25 pages
    The document provides information on the characters and plot of the Indian epic Mahabharata. It lists the group members studying the text and main characters like Arjuna, Bhishma, Yudhisthira, and Krishna. It then summarizes some of the moral dilemmas faced by key characters, including Arjuna's despair before the battle, Bhishma's extreme selflessness, Yudhisthira's gambling losses, and Karna's loyalty to Duryodhana despite his family ties to the Pandavas.

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    The document provides information on the characters and plot of the Indian epic Mahabharata. It lists the group members studying the text and main characters like Arjuna, Bhishma, Yudhisthira, and Krishna. It then summarizes some of the moral dilemmas faced by key characters, including Arjuna's despair before the battle, Bhishma's extreme selflessness, Yudhisthira's gambling losses, and Karna's loyalty to Duryodhana despite his family ties to the Pandavas.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    643 views25 pages

    Ethical Dilemma-Mahabharat

    Uploaded by

    Deepak Dash
    The document provides information on the characters and plot of the Indian epic Mahabharata. It lists the group members studying the text and main characters like Arjuna, Bhishma, Yudhisthira, and Krishna. It then summarizes some of the moral dilemmas faced by key characters, including Arjuna's despair before the battle, Bhishma's extreme selflessness, Yudhisthira's gambling losses, and Karna's loyalty to Duryodhana despite his family ties to the Pandavas.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 25

    GROUP MEMBERS

     RupamJogal
     Rushita Thakkar

     Kashish Shah

     Raj Shah

     Charmi Kalani

     Ishika Agarwal
    CHARACTERS

     Arjuna
     Bhishma

     Yudhishtira

     Drona

     Karna

     Krishna

     Shakuni
    MAHABHARATA
     The Mahabharata, Sanskrit epic has answers to all questions.
    The epic is obsessed with questions of right and wrong— it
    analyses human failures constantly. Unlike the Greek epics,
    where the hero does something wrong and gets on with it, the
    action stops in the Mahabharata until every character has
    weighed in on the moral dilemma from every possible angle.

     In the Indian epic, harmony and happiness come to a society


    only through behaviour based on dharma—a complex word that
    means variously virtue, duty and law, but is chiefly concerned with
    doing the right thing.
     The war of the Mahabharata was needed because demons had
    begun to oppress the world.
    MAHABHARATA
     The Mahabharata is unique in engaging with
    the world of politics. India’s philosophical
    traditions have tended to devalue the realm
    of human action, which is supposed to deal
    with the world of ‘appearances’, not of reality
    or of the eternal soul. Indeed, a central
    episode in the epic dramatizes the choice
    between moral purity and human action. King
    Yudhishthira feels guilty after the war for
    ‘having killed those who ought not to be
    killed’
    ARJUNA
    ARJUNA’S DESPAIR
    Oh Krishna , of what values are kingdoms, what value is
    living for happiness if they for whom our kingdom, material
    pleasure and happiness id desired: preceptors, fatherly
    elders, sons; and grandfatherly elders , maternal uncles ,
    father in law , grandsons,brothers in law and relatives are all
    present o this battle field ready to give up their kingdoms and
    very lives.
    Oh krishna even if they want to take my life I do not wish to
    take their lives. Oh krishna what to speak for the sake of the
    earth, when for the rulership of the three worlds ; in
    exchange for slaving the sons of Dhritarashtra what
    happiness will be derived by us
    ARJUNA VISHADYOGA

     It is better in this world to beg for scraps of food than to eat meals
    smeared with the blood of elders.
     Arjuna is, in many ways, a better model of ethical deliberation
    than Krishna, for he takes responsibility for the consequences of
    his actions
     Arjuna’s tragic dilemma teaches us that moral choices are not
    merely private. When it comes to matters of war and public policy,
    they should be deliberated in public. A political leader should
    include the moral dimension in making a decision, alongside the
    economic, strategic and other dimensions.


    BHISHMA
    BHISHMA’S SELFLESSNESS
    • Bhishma , the elder son of king Shantanu ,as per his
    promise to his step-mom served his duty towards
    Hastinapur selflessly and didn’t married and lived his own
    life.
    • What does one make of this extraordinary figure who
    lived his life for the sake of others? He certainly managed
    to create a huge problem of succession.
    • Is the Mahabharata telling us that even selflessness has
    its limitations? Bhishma sacrificed his own happiness for
    the father’s sake. He did not marry; he did not become
    king; he administered the realm disinterestedly for two
    generations. (if he had married , terrible war Mahabharata
    would not have been occurred)
    BHISHMA’S SELFLESSNESS
    • It is difficult to understand why this selfless hero did not
    get up in the assembly on that fateful day of the dice
    game to stop the public humiliation of Draupadi.
    • It has been suggested that Bhishma ‘had eaten
    Duryodhana’s salt’ and was thus forced to support him.
    Patronage does make a claim on one’s loyalty, but the
    claim stops before one’s conscience.
    • The Mahabharata has presented us with another moral
    dilemma—reminding us once again about the difficulty of
    being good.
    • Even an exalted virtue like selflessness and a
    commitment to disinterested performance of duty can get
    one into trouble.
    YUDHISTHIRA
    YUDHISTHIRA

     Yudhisthira the eldest son of Pandu was the


    former king of Hastinapur.He was considered
    as the best judge of wrong and right .On the
    basis of his knowledge he was awarded the
    title of “Dharmaraj”(king of right things).But in
    the Mahabharata we see him spun in the
    web of dilemmas
    YUDHISTHIRA

     Yudhisthira had pledged that he wont lie in


    his entire life. But during the battle,by
    Krishans advice he told Drona that
    Ashwathamma died in order to distract
    Drona.
     This was necessary as it was impossible to
    defeat Kauravas if Drona was commander-in
    chief of Kauravas.
    YUDHISTHIRA
     He faced the first dilemma when he was invited by his
    younger brother Duryodhan for “dhyut krida”(game of
    Gambling). Those days the art of gambling used to
    make or break a king's reputation. Any person
    refusing to be a part of this game was considered
    either a coward or penniless. Yudhishthira as a king
    was well aware of the risk associated with the game
    yet he went beyond his limits by betting on his wife
    and ultimately losing to Duryodhan. Even though in
    the midst of the game, he had a clue of his losing out
    badly yet to prove he was strong enough to take the
    game further, he not only insulted his wife but tarred
    his own image.
    DRONA
    DRONA

     Arjuna was favourite student of Drona.Drona


    knew that Pandavas deserved the throne but
    during the war he choose to fight from Kauravas
    side as his son was supporter of Duryodhan . To
    fight from which side was a dilemma for him.
     Drona was very fond of Arjuna . So when he
    saw that Eklavya could be better in Archery than
    Arjuna he asked for his Thumb in
    GuruDaskshina.
    KARNA
    KARNA’S CHOICES
     Beauty of Karna lies in the fact that how he handles all
    such situations and the ethical way he acted so as to
    preserve his dignity though siding the evil.
     We would like to focus on the choices that Karna makes
    when he is asked by both Krishna and Kunti to fight for
    the Pandava side. It can be argued that Karna is indeed
    facing a deep ethical dilemma .
     To prevent the undesirable occurance Lord Krishna
    reveals to Karna shortly before the great war that he
    infact is the elder half brother of the pandavas.Both
    Krishna and Kunti urge karna renounce his involvement
    with Duryodhana and join his brothers . Karna reminds
    him that Duryodhana alone extended friendship and
    hospitality when everyone else rejected him.
    KARNA’S CHOICES
     He stated that he would remain faithful to Duryodhana
    and hence proceed with the battle.
     Second dilemma was when he had to kill Arjun’s son
    Abhimanyu because of his support to his friend
    Duryodhana.
     Also using the weapon bestowed by Indra he slays
    Ghatotkach the son of Bhima ,the weapon he used could
    be used only once and that he had to against his wish
    because he wanted to kill Arjuna with the help of it.
     Karna’s loyalty to his family and friends is not a simple
    and straightforward clinging but it rises above emotions
    and are systematized ethics.
     How beautifully he deals with the moral and ethical
    dilemmas is worthy of the praise.
    KRISHNA
    KRISHNA
     Lord Krishna had everything planned. He was
    ready to take any path for Ultimate Truth.
    Pandavas truly deserved the throne of
    Hastinapura. There was no chance for
    Pandavas to win the battle. He adviced Arjuna
    to kill Karna while his chariot was stuck. This is
    wrong considering the war Ethics. But he
    justifies that at the end (Everything is fair in war)
    . He might have used unjust means during war
    which is wrong on critic's point of view
    KRISHNA

     Where Krishna is, there is dharma; where


    dharma is there is victory.
     Krishna’s defence is that the only way to
    defeat evil is with evil
     It was said that the war of the Mahabharata
    was needed because demons had begun to
    oppress the world
    DURYODHANA’S DIALOUGUE TO KRISHNA

     Aren’t you ashamed, O heir of Kamsa’s


    servant, for having me struck down so
    unfairly! When Bhima and I were fighting with
    clubs, you told Arjuna to remind Bhima to
    break my thighs. Aren’t you ashamed that
    you have had so many kings who were
    fighting fairly and valiantly in battle killed by
    crooked means? Had you fought fairly with
    Karna, Bhishma, Drona and me, you would
    certainly not have won.
    SHAKUNI
     When Gandhari was married to Drishrashtra
    and she didn’t knew about his blindness and
    to take revenge shakuni decided to destroy
    the Kuru family.
     He made it a point to evoke jealousy in
    Kauravas towards Pandavas.
     He wanted to take revenge basically from
    Bhishma and used unjust means and various
    political strtegies.

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