Poster A1 SGEM2018 Web

NEW EVOLUTIONS, DIRECTIONS AND TRENDS
IN CONVERSION AND STORAGE OF RENEWABLE ENERGIES

1 1 2 1,
Corneliu CRISTESCU , Dr., Liliana DUMITRESCU , Ph.D. Stud., Valeriu DULGHERU , Prof. Dr., Catalin DUMITRESCU Dr.
1
Hydraulics and Pneumatics Research INOE 2000-IHP, Bucharest, Romania
2
Technical University of Moldova, Republic of Moldova
INTRODUCTION NEW EVOLUTIONS IN WIND ENERGY CONVERSION

Environmental pollution, caused by the burning of fossil fuels, and their disparition, led to develop The wind power potential is 15 times higher than the current world energy consumption
renewable energies, which can ensure sustainability for human society. In this respect: and 40 times higher than the current electricity consumption of the world.
1.- an intense research and development activity is taking place to conceive new solutions for Besides the classical technology (onshore technology), there has emerged the technology
the capture, conversion and storage of renewable energies; located in sea waters (offshore technology), which is growing, with high efficiency but with
2.- a significant global investment process has been started, to capitalize on renewable energies. higher costs, too. At the same time, spectacular variants have appeared, such as the flying
Renewable energies are used to generate electricity, heat and transport fuels. Below, some wind turbine.
technologies are presented:
HYDROPOWER - The most common use of renewable natural energy is the kinetic energy of
flowing waters. In ROMANIA, hydropower accounted for 29.88% of the country's total electricity
production, wind energy represented 11.07%, photovoltaic energy – 1.18%, and 0.16% was from
biomass.
NEW EVOLUTIONS IN RENEWABLE ENERGY STORAGE
Due to the fluctuation of renewable energy sources, the number one issue is the energy
IN ROMANIA is one of the largest onshore wind farms in Europe, near the Black Sea coast! storage issue. Beside classic storage forms: electrochemical (accumulators),
Wind speed is 7.5 m/s. electromagnetic (capacitors, coils), mechanical (flywheel, water pumping and air compression),
new, spectacular technologies have emerged meanwhile.
A progressive technology is storing by using hydrogen, with its 3 variants: hydrolysis,
hydrogen as an energy vector with hydrogen storage by cryogenic liquefaction and
hydrogen bonding to a chemical compound, and extraction at power innovative
technologies in full expansion.
One of the spectacular / brilliant energy storage solutions is by conversion to compressed
air (CAES) and storing it in deep water with underwater balloons (Hydrostor Marine), or in
existing cavern or mine ( Hydrostor Cavern).
On January 1, 2017, ROMANIA recorded 3,025 MW in investments of over 5 billion euros. There
are about 20 large wind farms, with installed power at 70 MW to 600 MW.
NEW EVOLUTIONS IN SOLAR ENERGY CONVERSION

Solar radiation can be used to produce electricity directly, by means of photovoltaic panels, or
indirectly, by using the heat generated. The efficiency is around max 30 – 45 %.
Regarding the solar thermal energy, the objective is that by 2020 50% of the energy used for heating
/ cooling shall be obtained from solar thermal systems, based on flat solar collectors, or tubes
with vacuum. The efficiency of this systems is around 60%-80%.
Newer technologies are considering concentrating solar radiation by using special reflectors,
NEW ISSUES IN ENERGY CONVERSION AND STORAGE IN ROMANIA
through which thermal energy can be generated at temperatures higher than 3000C, which in turn
can be used to produce electricity,(SEGS-type solar plant,USA). Starting from the stringent need to store electricity from photovoltaic solar panels and from
wind turbines, in the Institute INOE 2000-IHP from ROMANIA, a new, innovative solution
has been proposed for a System for pneumatic conversion, storage and reuse of
electricity, CAES type, which is currently pending for a patent at the Romanian Patent
Authority (OSIM).
FRESNEL reflectors plants use the direct steam generation in the collector, with pressure of 55
bar and temperature of 5000C.
Another novelty is using discoidal parabolic mirrors having in focal point of the mirror: a thermal
receiver, STIRLING engine and electric generator.
CONCLUSIONS
> an intense research and development activity worldwide;
> a global investment process to capitalize on renewable energies;
> In the world, a series of innovative solutions have emerged, even spectacular /
brilliant, for conversion and for energy storage;
The conversion of solar radiation directly into electricity is made using photovoltaic panels. > due to fluctuation, the number one issue is the energy storage;
> the special resources of renewable energy identified in Romania have generated far
extensive concerns and research on their capture, storage and use.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This paper is a part of the project CONVENER, co-financed by the EUROPEAN UNION and
UEFISCDI from ROMANIA through the European Regional Development Fund, under
Competitiveness Operational Programme 2014-2020, Financial agreement no. 37/02.09.2016.

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NEW EVOLUTIONS, DIRECTIONS AND TRENDS

IN CONVERSION AND STORAGE OF RENEWABLE ENERGIES

INTRODUCTION NEW EVOLUTIONS IN WIND ENERGY CONVERSION

NEW EVOLUTIONS IN RENEWABLE ENERGY STORAGE

NEW EVOLUTIONS IN SOLAR ENERGY CONVERSION

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