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Relative Equilibrium of Fluids

This document discusses hydraulics and the relative equilibrium of fluids. It covers general classifications of rectilinear and curvilinear acceleration and provides equations for horizontal, vertical, and rotating vessel motion. Examples are given to calculate values like angular velocity, pressure, and forces for rotating cylindrical tanks of various sizes filled with water or oil that are accelerating or rotating.

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Marlo Aristorenas
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799 views2 pages

Relative Equilibrium of Fluids

This document discusses hydraulics and the relative equilibrium of fluids. It covers general classifications of rectilinear and curvilinear acceleration and provides equations for horizontal, vertical, and rotating vessel motion. Examples are given to calculate values like angular velocity, pressure, and forces for rotating cylindrical tanks of various sizes filled with water or oil that are accelerating or rotating.

Uploaded by

Marlo Aristorenas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Hydraulics – Relative Equilibrium of Fluids

General Classification

1. Rectilinear acceleration where the vessel moves either horizontally, vertically or along an incline.
2. Curvilinear acceleration where the vessel rotates.

Horizontal Motion

F = ma tan θ = a/g

Vertical Motion

P = γh(1+(a/g)) – for upward motion


P = γh(1-(a/g)) – for downward motion

Rotating Vessel
Questions:

1. An open cylindrical tank 1.8 m and 0.9 in diameter contains water to a depth of ¾ of its height. If the
cylinder rotates about its geometric axis:
a. What constant angular velocity can be attained without spilling any water? (ans. 9.34 rad/sec)
b. What is the pressure at the center of the bottom of the tank when ω = 6 rad/sec?
(ans. 11.42 kPa)
c. What is the pressure at the bottom wall of the tank when ω = 6 rad/sec? (ans. 15.07 kPa)

2. A cubic tank is filled with 1.5 m of oil (S.G = 0.752)


a. Find the force acting on the side of the tank when the acceleration is 4.9 m/s 2 vertically upward.
(ans. 18.67 KN)
b. Find the force acting on the side of the tank when the acceleration is 4.9 m/s 2 vertically
downward. (ans. 6.23 KN)
c. Determine the pressure at the bottom of the tank when the acceleration is 9.81 m/s 2 vertically
downward. (ans. 0 KN)

3. An open tank 1.82 m. square weighs 3425 N and contains 0.91 m. of water. It is acted by an
unbalanced force of 10400 N parallel to a pair of sides.
a. Find the acceleration of the tank. (ans. 3.092 m/s2)
b. What is the force acting on the side with the greatest depth? (ans. 12791 N)
c. What is the force acting on the side with the smallest depth? (ans. 3465 N)

Assignment:

1. An open cylindrical tank one meter in diameter and 2.5 m high is 3/5 full of water. If the tank is rotated
about its vertical axis, what speed should it have in rpm so that:
a. The water could just reach the rim of the tank (ans. 119.64 rpm)
b. The dept of water at the center is zero. (ans. 133.76 rpm)
c. There is no water at the bottom with in 20 cm. from the vertical axis. (ans. 145.94 rpm)
2. An open cylindrical vessel 1 meter in diameter contains water at a depth of 3.56 m.
a. If it is rotated at a speed of 80 rpm about its vertical axis, determine the least depth of the
vessel so that no water will be spilled out. (ans. 4m)
b. If the vessel is rotated at 120 rpm, how much water will be spilled out? (ans. 444 liters)
c. If the vessel is rotated at 140 rpm, what would be the pressure at the center bottom of the
tank. (ans. 12.36kPa)

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