BUDDHIST HYBRID SANSKRIT READER

WILLIAM DWIGHT WHITNEY LINGUISTIC SERIES

Edited by
B er n a r d B loch F ran k lin E dgerton
I sidore D y e n A lbr echt G oetze
K o n sta n tin R eich a rd t
•c( the Department of Linguistics in Yale University
BUDDHIST HYBRID

SANSKRIT READER

Edited with notes by

FRANKLIN EDGERToX
Sterling Professor of Sanskrit and Comparative Philology
Yale University

N ew H a v e n : Y ale U niv er sity P ress

London; Geoffrey Cumberlege, Oxford University Press
1953
Copyright, 1953, fe?/ University Press
Printed in the United States of America
All rights reserved. This book may not be
reproduced, in whole or in part, in any form
(except by reviewers for the public press),
without written permission from the publishers.
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 52-9263
 PREFACE

It is h o p e d that this Reader will facilitate the practical use of my Grammar

and Dictionary by scholars and students who may wish to acquaint themselves
with the language, and by teachers who may wish to conduct courses in it. The
most important texts are largely out of print and hard to find, except in large
libraries; and even there, as a rule, only a single copy of each text will be found.
Furthermore, it would hardly be an exaggeration to say that not one of the
texts has been, in my opinion, satisfactorily edited. The selections here printed
have been edited according to the principles which I think should be adopted
for Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit (BHS), so far as this is made possible by the
variant readings furnished in the critical notes to the printed editions. The edi­
tors of the Mahavastu, Mahaparinirvanasutra, Udanavarga, and Lalitavistara,
especially the first three, seem to have been careful and conscientious in report­
ing the exact readings of the mss. they used. Those of the Saddharmapundarika
(SP) were far less so; it has been proved (seemy §1.74) that they were very care­
less; their critical notes often report readings of their mss. wrongly, and far
oftener fail to report at all differences of reading which are found in some or
even most of the mss. they used. They also obviously attempted to change the
samdhi of the prose of SP to standard Sanskrit samdhi, while only rarely report­
ing the samdhi of the mss. For these reasons the SP selections printed here can­
not claim to be very close to a real critical edition, and in particular look far more
like standard Sanskrit than such an edition would look.
It is unnecessary to repeat here what has been said in the first chapter of the
Grammar (see especially §§1.33-56; 1.69-77) on the BHS tradition and the way
to deal with it. Luders’ principle (§1.40) should be universally applied: any non-
Sanskritic form presented in the mss. must, in general, be regarded as closer to
the original form of the text than a ‘correct’ Sanskrit variant. Most editors,
even down to the present, have proceeded on the opposite principle. Indeed,
many have gone farther, and ‘corrected’ into Sanskrit non-Sanskrit readings
vi PREFACE
found in all their mss. The plain fact is that BHS is not Sanskrit. Copyists and
late redactors did much to Sanskritize it, but never fully succeeded, and modern
editors are wrong in carrying the process further. Every Middle Indie or semi-
Middle Indie form found in any stream of tradition of any BHS work should,
as a rule, be welcomed and adopted in the text, even if Sanskritized substitutes
are recorded in the same sentence. All BHS texts, even the Mahavastu, have
been subjected to a good deal of Sanskritization, some of it very likely going back
to the original composition of the work, but much of it, in the case of most if not
all BHS works, introduced by copyists and redactors in the course of the tradi­
tion. The Middle-Indicisms, or hybrid forms, which escaped this process should
be put into the texts, as a general principle; they constitute precious evidence of
an earlier time when the texts were (as most of them certainly were) much less
Sanskritized than they seem in our mss. (Such relic forms, by the way, are con­
siderably more numerous, in the prose of such texts as SP, Lalita Vistara (LV),
and Divyavadana, than is often supposed.) Instead, many editors try to sup­
press them, reporting them in notes if they are conscientious, but too often (like
the SP editors) failing to do even that. The principles here set forth, like most
sound general principles, are not to be applied mechanically; the context, as
well as variant ms. readings, will vary from case to case, and each must be sepa­
rately studied.
The verses present special problems of their own. Here the very brief state­
ments in my Introduction (especially §1.38) must be supplemented by my article
‘Meter, Phonology, and Orthography in Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit/ JAOS
66.197-206. In this place I can only mention briefly a few general principles of
fundamental importance. Most BHS verses belong to types known in Sanskrit
(but LV, at least, also contains some verses in Apabhramsa meters). Their
alternations of long and short syllables are as rigidly applied as in Sanskrit, ex­
cept that in many meters two shorts may be substituted for one long, and one
long for two shorts. An initial consonant cluster never ‘makes positionthat is,
a short vowel at the end of a preceding word constitutes a short syllable. In the
seam of compounds, this rule is optional; that is, juncture may be close or open
between the parts of a compound, which may be treated as one word or two in
this respect. The reason for this peculiarity obviously is that what is written as
an initial consonant cluster was originally pronounced in BHS as a single con­
sonant, in Middle Indie fashion.
Still more strange, from the Sanskrit standpoint, is the free and seemingly
arbitrary lengthening or shortening of a syllable metri causa. This is accom­
plished most commonly by lengthening or shortening a vowel, but also by nasali­
zation or denasalization, and by doubling a consonant after a short vowel, or
conversely simplifying a double consonant (or orthographic cluster). All these
alterations metri causa are commonest at the end of a word, or of a part of a
compound; but they also occur internally. In general, the last syllable of a pada
counts as long (that is, an automatic pause is implied); but occasionally, in some
meters, lengthening m.c. seems to occur there, and even at the end of a line.
The recognition of these principles brings with it the corollary that once the
meter of a verse is recognized it is sometimes necessary to emend the mss. in
PREFACE vii
accord therewith. This is justified by the fact that the mss. themselves so reg­
ularly present such ‘arbitrary’ lengthenings and shortenings, when meter requires
them, that we must assume copyists’ errors when they fail to do so. In the verses
of most texts, such failures are relatively rare. In the Mahavastu they are com­
moner; but many of the verses of that text show in other respects that the copy­
ists did not understand the meters; the mss. are often full of gross and obvious
corruptions. This will be clear from the Mv verses found in this Reader. It is, in
fact, sometimes hard to determine the meters of Mv verses; and sometimes the
editor failed to see that they were verses at all. To establish the text of them a
good deal of bold emendation is at times required. I cannot claim certainty for
all of my attempts.
 Abbreviations and Conventions Used in Notes:

Figures preceded by §(§) refer to the numbered sections of my BHS Grammar.

Indie words enclosed in parentheses, without comment, give the Standard
Sanskrit equivalent of a BHS form.
Indie words preceded by ‘for’ give the reading of the text as printed, which
has been changed here. When the word ‘for’ is preceded by ‘mss.’, this means
that all mss. are reported to have the reading adopted by me. When it is pre­
ceded by ‘v.l.’, one or more of them read so. When it is preceded by ‘m.c.’, I
have emended in accord with metrical requirements. The term ‘(metr.)’ is used
to call attention to the fact that metrical requirements have determined my
choice (which however has support in the mss.).
‘D.’ refers to my BHS Dictionary, under the entry cited after D. When not
followed by any entry, the entry to be sought is the word in the text to which
the note refers.
‘pron.’ = pronounced, when the orthography is misleading; §1.38.
Other abbreviations will, it is hoped, be self-explanatory; and it is believed
that they are all explained in the Bibliography and Abbreviations in the Gram­
mar.
 T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S

Preface v
Abbreviations and Conventions Used inNotes viii
1. The Deer-king and the Doe 1
2. The Wolf and the Sheep 6
3. The Four Sights (Mahavastu) 7
4. The Four Sights (Lalitavistara) 13
5. The First Sermon (Mahavastu), Part 1 17
6. The First Sermon (Mahavastu), Part 2 18
7. The First Sermon (Lalitavistara), Part 1 20
8. The First Sermon (Lalitavistara), Part 2 22
9. The Chain of Causation (Lalitavistara verses) 24
10. The Conversion of Sariputra and Maudgalyayana 26
11. Death of the Buddha 34
12. Edifying Stanzas from the Udanavarga 37
13. The Lost Heir 42
14. The Burning House 54
 1
The Deer-king and the Doe
Mahiivastu i.350.18-366.8. This celebrated tale, best known perhaps in its Pali version
(Jataka 12; i.149 ft.), is supposed, according to BHS tradition, to have had its scene laid in
the ‘deer-park’ at Benares, to which it gave its name; see the end below. On the text of the
Mahavastu as a whole see the Bibliography to my Grammar, also §§1.34 (with n. 13), 36,38,
44-48, 73. The punctuation of my text, in general, follows that of the mss., without report
of Senart’s alterations.
tahim1 vanakhande Rohako nama mrgaraja mrgasahasrayutham parihareti.2
tasya duve putra Nyagrodho ca nama Visakho3 ca. tena dani mrgarajena
ekasyapi putrasya panca mrgaSatani dinnani aparasyapi putrasya paiica mrga-
satani dinnani. Brahmadatto Kasiraja abhlkgnam mrgavyam nirdhavati tam
vanagandam parisamantam4tatra ca mrgani hanti.6na tattakam mrgam6svayam
upajivati yattakani ahatakani7 vanagulmegu ca vanagahanesu ca §arahare§u8 ca
nadakaharesu ca kantakaharegu ca praviSitva maranti. te tatra kakaSakuntehi
khajjanti.9 Nyagrodho mrgaraja tairi bhrataram Visakham aha: ViSakha evam10
KaSirajam vijnapema:11 na tattaka tvam mrgam svayam upajlvasi yattaka
ahataka gahanehi pradeSehi12 pravisitva maranti kakaSakuntehi khadyanti.
vayam raj no13 ekam mrgam daivasikaxn dasyamah yo tava svayam mahanasam
pravi§i§yati. imam ca mrgayutham na evam anayavyasanam apadyigyanti.
tasya bhrata Vi&akho aha: evain bhavatu vijnapema. so dani raja mrgavyain14
nirdhavito. tehi yuthapatihi mrgarajehi so raja dpsto durata evagacchanto16
sarvabalavahano18 asidhanuSaktitomaradharehi sainparivrto. te dani tam raja-
nam drgtva yena raja tena abhimukhapratyudgata17abhlta anuttrasta atmanam
parityajitva. te dani kasiraja mrgarajanau drgtva18 durata eva abhimukha
agacchanta tena svakasya balagrasya anatti dinna: na kenacid ete mrgagac-
chanto19 vihethayitavya ko janati, kim atra antaram20 yathaite balagra21 df?tva
na palayanti, mama abhimukha agacchanti. balagrena tegam mrganam antaro
dinno vamadakginabhuto sa22 balagro. te mrga yena raja tenopasairikramitva
rajiio januhi pranipatitah. raja tegam mrgarajanam prcchati: ka vo vijnaptih
vijnapetha23yam vo karyam. te dani manu?aye vacaye tam rajanam vijnapenti24
maharaja vijnapemi.25 vayam tava iha rajye atra vanakhande jata samvrddha
1. §21.22; reference is to R?ipatana (D.; Mv i.359.17 p?ayo ’tra patita B^ipatanaiji).
2. mss., for (em.) °rati; cf. §38.21. 3. Pali Nigrodha-miga, Sakha-miga. 4. mss., for (em.)
“samantatfi. 5. so Senart, em.; mss. mrga (or, v.l., mrgani?) ni(d)dhyanti; §§2.39, 8.98;
but mrga (§8.92) nihanti would be equally possible. 6. §§2.64; 8.90. 7. D.; §22.39 . 8.
D. 1 hara. 9. D-; §2.14. 10. v.l. for etaip. 11. D. 12. §§7.30-31; note Iocs, above in
same phrase. 13. mss. rajfiS. 14. mss. (cf. notes 35, 47), for (em.) “vyaip; D. 15. mss.
0ntaip, or evam Sgacchanto; Senart em. eva agacchanto. 16. mss., for (em.) sa-bala°. 17.
mss., for (em.) °mukha pra°. 18. mss., for (em.) tena (instead of te, acc. pi., §21.30)...
KMrajfia . . . dreta; §7.13. 19. mss. (*= ed. em. mrga Sg».) 20. D. 21. mss. (belongs with
§8.22), for (em.) “grarp. 22. v .l. fo r (em.) so (v.l. sa, intending so?). 23. v.l. vijfia°. 24.
mss. for (em.) vijna0. 25. mss. (v.l. °pami), for (em.) vijnapama; one of the two may be con­
ceived as speaking for both.
2 m a h Av a s t u

anye pi bahuni mygasatani. vayan te§am mrganam dve bhratarau yuthapatinau

iha maharajasya vijite prativasamah. yathaiva maharajasya nagara pat tana ca
grama ca janapada ca janena Sobhanti gobalivardehi ca anyehi pi pranasahasrehi
dvipadacatugpadehi evam etani vanakhandani asramani26 ca nadlyo ca prasra-
vanlyo ca etehi mrgapaksibhi27 sobhanti. evam maharajasya28 etasya adhistha-
nasya28 alamkaro. sarve ete maharaja dvipadacatu§pada yattaka maharajasya
vijita29 vasanti gramagato30 varanyagato31 va parvate32 va maharajasya Saranam
gatah sarve te maharaja eintamya paripalanlya ca. maharaja ca tesam prabha-
vati33 anyo raja na. yam velam34 maharaja mrgavyam35 ni?kasati, tatah bahuni
mrgaSatani anayavyasanam36 apadyanti. te37na tattaka maharajasya upajlvya
bhavanti, yattaka Sarehi ahataka atra vanagahane?u38 nadlgahanasu39 saraha-
re§u ca ka&aharesu ca praviSiya maranti kaka&akuntehi40 khadyante maharaja
ca adharmena lipyati. yadi maharajasya prasado bhaveya vayam dve yutha-
patino maharajasya daivasikam ekamrgam visarjayi^yamah yo tava maha-
nasam svayam pravisisyati. ekato yuthato ekam divasam41 dvitxyato yuthato
dvitxyam divasam ekam mrgam visarjayi§yamah maharajasya ca mrgamansena
abhibhak§anam42 bhavisyati ime ca mrga evam anayavyasanam nopapadyi-
§yanti. tena dani rajnS tesam mrgayuthapatinam43 ajriapti44 dinna yatha yusma-
kam abhiprayo tatha bhavatu gacchatha abhlta anuttrasta vasatha mama ca
ekam mrgaip. divase-divase visarjetha. raja te?am vijnaptirp. dattva amatyanam
aha na kenacit mrga vihethayitavya. evam ajnam dattva nagaram pravi$to.
tehi yuthapatihi te mrga sarve samanlta asvasita ca: ma bhilyatha46 evam
asmabhih raja46 vijnapito yatha raja na bhuyo mrgavyam47 nirdhavi^yati; na
kvacit mrgam vihethayigyanti48 rajno ca divase-divase eko mrgo visarjetavyah
ekain divasam ekato yuthato aparam divasam aparato yuthato. tehi mrgehi
sarvam ca tam mrgam ubhayehi yuthehi49 ganetva ytithato-yuthato osaram60
krtam. ekato ytithato ekam divasain mrgo gacchati rajno mahanasam, aparato
yuthato aparaip divasam gacchati.
kadacit Yi§akhasya yuthato osarasmim gurvinlye mrgiye varo rajno maha-
nasam gamanaya. sa dani mrgl anapakena51 mrgena vucyati: tava adya osaro
gaccha rajno mahanase52 ti. sa aha: aham gurvinx dve ime potako63 kuk^ismim
26. mss. °vani, cf. §2.30; but I have not noted the change in
this word. 27. v.l., for °pak$ehi; ‘parties of deer* seems implausible, and mrga-pakgin is
a Skt. cpd. 28. mss., for (em.) maharaja, and adhi§t-hana°; D. adhisthana; I am now less
sure that this should be emended; paristhita is a spelling for °$thita, D.; such forms could
perhaps be genuine, as analogies to the simplex. 29. mss. (§8.11), for (em.) °te. 30. mss.
(§8.83; or generic sg., ‘one that is in a village’), for (em.) °ta. 31. v.l., for (1 ms.) °ta.
32. mss., for (em.) parvatagata. 33. mss. prabha0; ? cf. bhavati (m.c.; D.). 34. D. vela.
35. mss.; as n. 14. 36. mss. anayato vya° (‘disaster after misfortune’?); but this locution,
instead of the cpd. as above and below, is not noted in BUS or Pali. 37. mss.; Senart om.
38. mss. °grahanesu; cf. D. grahana; but here the meaning of gahana seems necessary, tho
above (before n. 8) one ms. has grahanie§u. 39. so, with preceding ca (kept by Senart),
the only ms. (the other om.), for (em.) na<Ja-gah°. 40. mss. °te. 41. acc., §7.18. 42. D.
43. mss. (§10.203), for (em.) °patinarn. 44. mss. (‘instructions’? or ‘assurance’, cf. BR
s.v. jfiS with a, caus., 2 ?), for (em.) vijfiapti. 45. §28.23. 46. mss. rajfiS. 47. mss.; as
notes 14, 35. 48. mss. (subject, the people, as commanded by the king), for (em.) °yati.
49. loc., as n. 12. 50. (avas&rah, 'turn’.) 51. D. (mss. here anayakenaryi, anattakena).
52. mss. (v.l. °me), for (em.) °sai|i. 53. mss. (cf. §§4.14; 8.74, 83), for (em.) me potakl.
THE DEER-KING AND THE DOE 3
anyam tava anapehi54yam velam prasuta bhavisyami tatah gamigsyami; te dani
ekasyarthe trivargam carisyamah; yusmakam evam ciratarakena55 varo bhavi-
gyati imehi duvehi potakehi jatehi. tena anapakena66 mrgena etam karyam
yuthapatisya arocitam. yuthapati aha: anyam mrgam anapehi57 yo etasya68
mrglye antarena59 esa mrgam60mrglprasuta61samanam62 pascad gamisyati. tena
anapakena63 mrgena tam mrglm atikramitva yo tasya58 mrglye antarena so
anatto gaccha raj no mahanasan ti. so pi aha: na mama adya osaro amukaye
mrglye adya osaro evam tavad antaram jlvi^yam.64 evam aparapare pi65 vucy-
anti na ca anosara gacchanti. sarve jalpanti: amukaye mrglye osaro sa gaechatu65*
ti. sa mrgi vucyati: bhadre na kocid66 icchati66 anosarena gantum. tava osaro
tvam evam66a gacchahi raj no mahanasam. sa dani mrgi yam velam na mucyati
sa tegam potakanam premnena mama67 samnipatena68 ete pi ghafcayisyantiti69
tam dvitlyam mrgayutham gata gacchiya tasya yuthapatisya pranipatita. sa-
nam70 yuthapati71 prcchati: kim etam bhadre kim anapesi72 kim karyam. sa aha:
adya tato yuthato mama varo raj no mahanasam gamanaye mama ca duve
potaka kuk^ismim tato me so Visakho yuthapati vijnapto mama adya osaro
ime ca duve potaka kuksismim anyam pregehi yam velam prasuta bhavi?yam
tato gamisyaml. tena ca yuthapatina ye anye anapiyanti te pi na icchanti
gantum nasmakam osaro amukaye mrglye osaro sa gacchatu ti. sa aham tehi
na mucyami73 osarato vucyami gacchahi tava osaro ti tad icchami mrgarajena
ato anyam mrgam visarjamanam yam velam aham prasuta bhavisyami tato
gami?yami. so mrgaraja mrglm aha: tava ma bhayahi anyam visarjayigyam.
tena mrgarajena anapako mrgo anatto ito yuthato yasya mrgasya osaro tam
anapehi etaye mrgxye maya abhayam dinnam. tena anapakena yasya mrgasya
osaro tam anapyati: gaccha raj no mahanasam. so pi aha: na asmakam yuthasya
adya varo Vi&akhasya yuthasya adya varo. so anapako mrgo aha:74 Visakhasya
ylithato adya varo yasya58 mrgiye varo sa gurvinl duve potaka kuksismim tehi
na mucyati tava osaro tvam gacchahlti. taye ca mrgiye tato amucyantiye iha
yutham agatva Nyagrodho yuthapati vijnapto. Nyagrodhena yuthapatina ta­
sya58 mrgiye abhayam dinnam yuthapatina75 anattam: yasya ito yuthato osaro
tam visarjehi iti. tava ito yuthato osaro tvam gacchahi. so aha: dvitlyasya adya
osarato76 nahain anosare gaccheyam. evam yo-yo anapyati so-so pi na icchati
anosare gantum. tena anapakena mrgena Nyagrodhasya mrgapatisya arocitam:
na koci icchati anosarena gantum jalpanti, nasmakam adya osaro dvitlyasya
54. D.; mss. aijayehi; Senart em. anapehi; similarly below. 55. D. 56. mss. anakena,
aijekena; n. 51. 57. so, or °yehi, mss. 58. mss. (§9.76), for (em.) °sy&. 59. D. 60. acc.
pi.; so (or mj*ga) mss.; Senart om. 61, acc. pi. (§8.92). 62. mss. (D.), for (em.) °na; ‘she
shall go after the (two) deer when they are brought forth by the doe’; or (less likely) mrgi
separate word, with e§a. 63. cf. notes 51, 56; mss. always intend this; Senart always ana®.
64. §§31.30 ff. 65. mss. apara aparehi, to be kept? ‘others were spoken to by others’, i.e.
one spoke to another, and so on (?). 65a. §4.18. 66. mss. kacid, and gacchati (to be kept?
‘no one goes to go’?); em. Senart. 66a. so mss., for eva (em. Senart; perhaps rightly?).
67. mss., for (em.) mama; §20.27. 68. mss. °vatena, perh. to be kept; §2.30. 69. mss.
(§2.41), for (em.) ghata0. 70. mss. (§21.45), for (em.) so naip. 71. ed. with v.l. °tih. 72.
mss. Hpesi; ed. em. anap°. 73. mss. mucyasi; em. Senart. 74. mss. insert adya; del. Senart.
75. mss. °pati; em. Senart. 76. so, or °rato, mss. (‘because of the turn today of the other
[herdD, for (em.) osaro taipi.
4 MAHAVASTU
mrgapatisya77 adya osaro. mrgaraja aha: millehi maye77a imasya mrgiye abha-
yam dinnam. na sakya ma esam78 bhuyo tatra mahanasam visarjayitum; aham
svayam gamisyami.
so mrgaraja tato vana^andato pantham otaritva Varanaslm gacchati. yo-yo
puru$o tain mrgarajam pa§yati gacchantam so-so etam anugacchati. mrgo dar-
sanlyo rupena citropacitro raktehi khurehi anjanehi79 akslhi prabhasvarehi
dar£aniyehi. mahata janakayena80 agrato krto gacchati yavad abhyantaram
nagaram pravisto nagarehi drsto abhijnato so mrgaraja mahato janakayasya.
te tam pasyitva mrgarajam utkanthita tan tattakam mrgayutham sarvam
ksapita81 ayam gato82 gacchama rajanam vijnapemah83 yathaiso mrgaraja mu-
cyeya na hanyeya alamkaro imasya adhisthanasya caksuramanlyo jato nir-
dhavanto udyane ca tadage ca, te tam mrgam pasyitva caksuhprltim anu-
bhavanti. tenaiva sa mahattaraka84 mahata janakayena sardham mrgarajasya
anuprsthato rajakulam pravista.85 mrgaraja ca mahanasam pravisto imehi ca
naigamehi raja arthakaranasmim upavisto vijnapto: maharaja tattakam mr­
gayutham sarvam k^Inam. ahethaka suskardrani trnani bhaksayanti na kasyaci
aparadhyanti te ca sarve ksapita. ayam so yuthapati svayam agato. dullabho86
maharaja edr§o mrgaraja prasadiko darsanlyo janasya cakguramaniyo. nagarato
jana nirdhavanti udyanam va tadagam va aramam va puskarinim va ca te pi
tam mrgarajam pasyitva prlta bhavanti alamkarabhute86a nagaropavanasya.
yadi maharajasya prasado bhaveya eso mrgaraja jlvanto mucyeya. rajna amatya
anatta: gacchatha tam mrgarajam mahanasato anetha. so tehi amatyehi gatva
mahanasato anlto rajno saka§am. raja tam mrgarajam prcchati: kim tvam svayam
agato nasti bhuyo kocit mrgo yam tuvam svayam agato ti. so pi raja87 aha: na
hi maharaja mrgo88 nasti apare mrgah. kiin tu adya dvitlyasya mrgayuthasya
osaro. tatra yasya58 mrgiyo89 varo apadyati sa gurvinl duve potaka kuksismim.
sa mrgl vucyati gaccha mahanasam tava adya varo. dvitlyamrgayuthe Visakho
yuthapati asti.90 mama adya osaro rajno mahanasa91 gantum kin tu aham
gurvin! duve me92 potaka kukgismim icchami any am visarjayitum yam velam
aham prasuta bhavi§yain tato gami§yami. tato yo anyo mrgo anapyati so na
icchati gantum jalpati etasya93 mrgiye osaro e§a gacchatu ti tehi mrgehi na
mucyati. tava adya osaro tvam gacchahi sa tehi amucyantl mama mfila94 agata.
aham taye vijnapto mama adya tato yiithato osaro ime95 duve potaka kuk?is-
77. so, or yuthapatisya, mss., for (em.) mrgayuthasya (the
king is mentioned as representing his herd). 77a. §20.18. 78. ma esaiyi, 1 ms., v.l. sai§am,
for (em.) sai§a; §21.9, and D. Sakya. 79. D. 80. mss. °kaye. 81. mss., for (em.) °tam.
82. perh. read agato (em.) with Senart, who also inserts yiithapatih svayam before this
word. 83. mss. (or °ma), for (em.) vijfia0. 84. mss. (D.), for (em.) sa-ma°kena. 85.
mss. °§tha, or °§thali, for (em.) °§taip. 86. v.l. for durl° (D.; §2.16). 86a. so, or °tena, mss.
(loc. or instr. with prlta), for (em.) °tarji. 87. mss., for (em.) so mrgaraja. 88. Senart om.
mrgo of mss.; ‘it is not true that there is no deer; there are other deer’ (understand santi,
or asti, which may have been lost by haplography, after nasti). 89. mss. (§10.116), for
(em.) °ye. 90. Senart inserts: sa tairi gatva aha; some such clause may indeed have been
lost, but it seems that we can only follow the mss.; it is, after all, clear who speaks the
following, and to whom. 91. mss., for (em.) °sairi; §8.11 or §§8.31 ff, 92. prob. means ime
(§4.14); cf. notes 53, 95. 93. ed. with v.l. 0syS; cf. note 58. 94. mss., for (em.) mtlle. 95.
mss., for (em.) me.
THE DEER-KING AND THE DOE 5
mim na ca tehi mucyami tad icchami mrgarajena ito yuthato anattam anyam96
so97 raj no mahanasam gaccheya. yena antarena aham prasuta bhavisyan ti98
tato gamisyam. tasya68 maye mrgiye abhayam dinnam mayapi yo mrgo anap-
yati so na icchati, na asmakam osaro dvitlyasya yuthasya osaro evam yo-yo
anapyati so-so na icchati anosaresmim" ihagantum. so ham janami maya etasya
mrgiye abhayam dinnam gacchami svayan ti so aham svayam agato. so raja
tasya mrgasya srutva vismito sarvo ca janakayo aho yavad dharmiko mrgaraja.
tasya Kasirajno bhavati: nayam tiriccho yah100 eso mrgo parasya karanena
atmanam parityajati dharmam janati vayain101 tiriccha ye vayain dharmam
na janama ye imesam evarupanam satvaratnanam ahethakanam hetham ut-
padyema. so tam mrgarajam aha: prito smi tava saka§ato sakrpo ca mahatma
ca tvayi102mrgabhutena te tasya atmabhrtyaye mrgiye abhayam dinnam. aham
pi tava agamya103 tvadvacanat sarvamrganam ca abhayam demi. adyagrena ye
ca tatra uddese tesam sarvesam mrganam abhayam dadami gacchahi vasatha
abhlta anuttrasta. rajna nagare ghantaghosana karapita: na kenacit mama
vijite mfga vihethayitavya. ta,sya rajfio tam104 mrganam abhayam106 danapra-
danat.
yava106 devesu sabdam abhyudgatam. Sakrena devanam indrena rajno ji-
jnasanartham anekani mrgasatani mrgasahasrani nirmitani. sarva106a Kasijana-
pado mrgehi aklrno nasti so ksetro yam107 na mrgah. janapadehi raja vijnapto.
tena dani Nyagrodhena mrgarajna sa mrgl vucyati: bhadre gaccha Visakhasya
yutham. sa aha: mrgaraja na gamisyami varam tava mule108 mrtam na Visa-
khamule jlvitam. sa dani mrgl gatham bhasati:
1. Nyagrodham eva seveya na Visakham pi109 prarthaye110
Nyagrodhasmim mrtam sreyo na Yisakhasmi111 jivitain.
janapada raj am vijnapenti:112
2. udajyate janapado ra,?tram sphitam vinasyati
mrga dhanyani khadanti tam ni§edha janadhipa
3. udajyatu janapado sphTtam rastram vinasyatu
na tv evam mrgarajasya varami dattva mr§am bhane.
mrganam dayo dinno mrgadave ^ipat^ane.113
96. ? my conjecture; mss. anattevam, yantu, or (v.l.) anayam, yatuip;
Senart em. anyam anapayitum. 97. mss., for (em.) yo. 98. (iti;) mss., for (em.) bhavi-
§yam. 99. mss. (§§8.70-72), for (em.) °rasmim. 100. Senart’s em., for mss. tiricchS-
mah; cf. Mvii.236.11-12. 101. mss. vinayan. 102. so, ortvaya, mss. (both may ben. sg.,
§§20.8,9), for (em.) tvam yaip. 103. D. 104. mss. (= tat), for (em.) te?aip- 105. mss.,
for (em.) °ya-. 106. v.l., for yavad. 106a. mss. (§8.24), for (em.) °vo. 107. one ms.
(v.l. ya), for (em.) yatra; (= yat, ‘so that . . . ’)• 108. D. 109. m.c., for mss. “khamapi,
Senart em. abhi-. 110. v.l. for °yet. 111. m.c., for mss. Visakha, Senart em. °khasmiip;
both unmetr. 112. one ms. (v.l. vijfie0), for (em.) vijfiS0. 113. mss., for (em.) mrgadayo
ti R?ipattano; D. mfgadava, where LV 19.4 is quoted; LV assumes this story as known
and in the preceding tells briefly the story of the rsis’ ‘fall’, ending in 19.3 tasmat
prabhfti IJsipatanasarfijnodapadi (cf. above, note 1).
 2
The Wolf and the Sheep

Mulasarvastivada Vinaya iv.227.17-228.19. This is presented as an interesting variant

on the well-known European fable of the Wolf and the Lamb. Bo far as I have been able to
discover, neither this nor any other form of that fable has previously been recorded in
India, with the single exception of a Gondi story (Tiger and Goat) recorded in the Lin­
guistic Survey of India iv.526. I owe this reference to the kindness of Murray B. Emeneau,
who observes, rightly as I think, that it is so extremely close to the European fable as to be
suspicious; it may well have been a very recent ‘plant’, or introduction from a European
source.
bhutapurvam bhiksavo ’nyatamasmin karvatake grhapatih prativasati. tasya
edakanam vargah. taccaranaya edakapalo gramad bahir nirgatah. tataS cara-
yitva suryasyastamgamanakalasamaye karvatakam pravesayitum arabdhah. ta-
tranyatara1 jlrnedikani2 prgthato ’valambamano vrko gacchati. tavad vrkena
grhlta. kathayati:
1. kaccit te matula ksemam sukham kaccit tu matula
ekah kaccid3 aranye ’smin sukham vindasi matula, iti.
so ’pi kathayati:
2. marditva mama langulam khosayitva ca valadhim
atha matulavadena kutra mok§yasi edaka4, iti.
edika punar aha:
3. prigthatas tava langfllam purato hy agata aham
atha kenabhyupayena8 langulam marditaip maya, iti.
vrko bhuyah kathayati:
4. catvaras tu ime dvlpah sasamudrah saparvatahi
sarvegu mama langulam atha kena tvam agata, iti.
edika praha:
5. purvam eva maya bhadra jnatlnam antikac chrutam
sarvatra tava langulam akaSenaham agata, iti.
vrkah praha:
6. akaSena patantya vai tvaya me ajaredake
trasito mfgasamgho ’sau yo me bhaksya upagatah, iti.
7. evam tasyali pralapantya utpatya papakarmana
edikayab &ra£ chinnam6 hatva mamsam ca bhakgitam.
1. ip omitted, perhaps by misprint or other error; but of. §§9.20-22. 2. e for Skt. ai,
§3.67; may also be regarded as loss of final a in saqidhi, §§4.20 ff. 3. for ka§cid. 4. probably
not roc. fern, in -a (§9.15), but either the masc. form (applicable to the whole species), or
(originally with no punctuation) in saip.dhi for edake-iti. 5. for °uy5.yena. 6. for Sira-
cehinnani; prob. error (cf. §16.31).

6
 3
The Four Sights (Mahavastu)

Mv ii.150.1-157.18. In Pali the canonical version is found in DN ii.21.13 ff.; the post-
canonical, closer to the BHS forms, in Jat. i.58.31 ff.
bodhisattvo pitaram abhimantrayati udyanabhumim niryasyamlti. rajna
Suddhodanena amatya anatta yavad1 rajakulam yavac ca udyanabhumim at-
rantare pratijagratha siktasamsr§tamla vitatavitanam citradu?yaparik§iptam
osaktapattadamakalapam dhupitadhupanam muktapuspavaklrnam dese-desesu2
dhupayantrani malyayantrani natanartakarllamallapanisvarya kumbhatunl ma-
napikani rupasabdagandhani upasthapetha amanapikani3 udvartapetha, yatha
kumaro udyanabhumim abhiniskranto na kincid amanapam pasyeya.4 evam
rajno vacanamatrena amatyehi yavac ca rajakulam yavac ca tam kumarasya
udyanabhumim yathanattam margam pratijagritam de§e-de§e$u2 ca purusa
sthapita yatha kumarasya purato na kimcij jirno vrddho vyadhito va kano va
khodo5 va darduro va kandulo va kacchulo va vicarciko va anyo va kimcid
amanapam kumarasya udyanam abhini§kramantasya purato tistheya. evam
kumaro6 maharham ca7 saptaratnacitrena yanena mahata rajanubhavena ma-
hata8rajarddhiye mahatlye vibhu^aye udyanabhumim niryantasya6 rajapurusa
vamadak^inena utsaranam karonta gacchanti, yatha kumaro na kimcid amana­
pam paSyeya. evam kumaro manapikani rupani pasyanto manapikani sabdani
Srnvanto manapikani gandhani ghrayanto ubhayato vamadak?inena anjallsa-
tasahasrani praticchanto9 vividhani ca curnavar^ani sampraticchanto10 Kapila-
vastuto udyanabhumim nirdhavantasya Ghatikarena kumbhakarena suddha-
vasadevaputrabhutena tathanyehi ca Suddhavasakayikehi devaputrehi jirno
puruso purato abhinirmito11 jirno12 vrddho12mahallako12 adhvagatavayam13 anu-
prapto12§vetasiro tilakahatagatro bhagno gopanasivakro puratapragbharo14dan-
1. D. yavat (3). la. repeated twice below; interpretable, no doubt; LV parallel (187.14)
siktah sammr§to (all mss.; Calc. sai£spj*§to); one of the two is surely a graphic corruption
(s:m) for the other; LV makes much easier sense, but might be a lect. fac., and if Calc,
rests on a real ms. reading, it partially supports Mv; Tib., however, phyags nas, ‘having
swept’. Pali versions lack the expression. 2. here one ms. de§a~de§e§u, but repeatedly
below both mss. (and Senart always) de§e-de§e§u, which I think must be kept; it may be
regarded as a blend of Skt. deSa-de°, deSe-de6e, and de£e§u-de§e§u. 3. mss. intend this,
for (em.) aman0. 4. mss. (with no danda) for (em.) °ya. 5. Senart with mss. kha<Io; cf.
n. 29; D. 6. §7.13. 7. mss. (°hai£, adv.), for (em.) maharhena; cf. n. 32. 8. §6.18. 9.
one ms. (§3.32), for (ed. with v.l.) pratl0; cf. n. 10. 10. so mss. clearly intend (cf. 152.10
saippratlcchanto, in repetition, n. 34); Senart em. praticchanto; cf. n. 9. 11. v.l. °nirminito,
perhaps the true form, to be classed with §28.16, cf. §34.11. 12. mss. -am for -o, em. Senart;
the corruption prob. resulted from attraction to the ending of -vayam, but to construe the
first three words with -vayam seems hard, to construe anuprapta thus is impossible. 13.
v.l., for ed. with 1 ms. 0gatai*i vayam; see just below. 14. mss., for (em.) purato-pra°;
§4.32.
7
 8 MAHAVASTU
dam avagtabhya prakhalamanair15 gatrair gacchanto.16 bodhisattvo tarn dr^va
sarathim kim imo puruso evam pratikulo prcchati,17 jirno vrddho mahallako
adhvagatavayam anupraptah Svetasiro tilakahatagatro bhagno gopanaslvakro
puratopragbharo18 dandam avastabhya19 prakhalamanair gatraih gacchati. sara-
thi aha: kumara20 kin21 te etena prcchitena e§a puru§o jirno nama vayapari-
gatasariro gacchama udyanabhumim tahim devakumaro22 pancahi kamagunehi
krldahi ramahi paricarehi. kumaro aha: bho bhane23 sarathi vayam api jara-
dharma jaradharmatayam anatltal?. yatra nama jatasya jara prajnayati atra
panditasya ka rati, kumaro aha: sarathi nivartehi ratham alam udyanagama-
naye. kumaro punar nivartitva grham pravisto. raja Suddhodano amatyam
prcchati: bho bhane kim kumaro punar nivrtto udyanabhumim na nirgato.
amatya ahansub: maharaja kumaro jirnam puru^am drstva nivrtto24 na bhuyo
udyanabhumim nirgato. raj no bhavati ma haiva yatha Asitena risina kumaro
vyakrto tatha bhavisyati rajna kumarasya antahpure samdrstam:25 susthu
kumaram kridapetha ramapetha pravicarayetha26 natyehi gltehi vaditehi yatha
kumaro grhe abhirameya. evam kumarasya26a yatha devaloke evamrupa antah­
pure samgiti vartanti. na ca kumarasya samgltisu manam gacchati; tam eva27
jirnam purusam smarati.
aparakalena kumaro aha: udyanabhumi27a nirdhavisyamlti. raja aha: mana-
pikani rupaSabdani upasthapetha yatha kumaro udyanabhumi28 abhiniipkra-
manto na kimcid amanapam pasyeya. evam raj no vacanamatrena amatyehi
yava ca rajakulam yavac ca tam kumarasya udyanabhumim yathanattam mar-
gam pratijagritam dese-desesu ca purusa stha(pita yatha udya)nabhumi28 nir-
yantasya purato na kvacij jirno va vrddho va vyadhito va kano va khodo29 va
dradulo30 va kamdulo31 va kacchulo va vicarciko va anyo va kimcid amanapam
kumarasya udyanabhumim abhiniskramantasya purato na tigtheya. evam ku­
maro maharahena32 saptaratnacitrena (etc., as above, to) utsarana33 karayanta
gacchanti, yatha kumaro na kenacid amanapam pasyeya. evam (etc., as above,
to) anjalisatasahasrani praticchanto vividhani ca puspavarsani34 sampratlcchan-
to Kapilavastuto udyanabhumim nirdhavantasya Ghatikarena ca kumbhaka-
rena suddhavasadevaputrabhutena tatha anyehi ca §uddhavasakayikehi deva-
putrehi vyadhito puru?o purato abhinirmito11 Sunahastapado sunena mukhena
15. so I read, with mss. and ed. in next sentence; Senart ava?tabhya-manair (mss.
°§tavya-manair). 16. mss. 0ntai£, em. Senart; by deleting the danda, we might keep the
ace. (with following tam). 17. Senart transp. prcchati before kim. 18. v.l. purato0 for
ed. °tah°; both mss. °bhara, em. Senart. 19. mss. °tavyah, em. Senart. 20. mss., for (em.)
°ro (why?). 21. v.l., for ed. with 1 ms. kinpLca. 22. mss., for (em.) °ra; *(as) a (very) god’.
23. D. 24. mss. niyanto or ni°; Senart em. niryato; in parallel 153.6 (after n. 45), Senart
nivytto, as mss. clearly intend. 25. so mss. (one dr§tai£, om. sam); also in repetition, n.
47; impersonal, £the king looked into (went to see) the prince’s harem’, lit. ‘it was looked
in . . Senart em. °pura3?L sai?idi§$aipL 26. mss. (D.), for (em.) °carapetha. 26a. so repeti­
tion below (after n. 47); Senart reads evaip. kumarasya after devaloke; mss. here seem to be
reported as having it in both places. 27. mss. evaqi; em. Senart. 27a. v.l., for °mii}fi.
28. mss. (§10.50) twice for (em.) °mLqpi; (pita yatha udya) lacuna in mss., em. Senart. 29. ms.
(here lacuna ini ms. ;cf.n. 5), for (em.) khado. 30. ms., for (em.) °ro;D. 31. ms. (kadulo),
for (em.) °tilo; cf. n. 51. 32. mss. °raho, °rahona, em. Senart; cf. n. 7. 33. so here mss.,
for (Senart em., as above) °naip.. 34. one ms. adds curnavar^ani; on sarji0 cf. r\. 10.
THE FOUR SIGHTS 9
pltapanduvarno dakodariko nabhiyo35 dakadharaye pravahantlye mak^ikasa-
hasrehi khadyamano36 adraksaniyo37 samvegakarako. bodhisattvo tam drstva
sarathim prcchati bho bhane sarathi kim imo puru^o evam pratikulo pito
pandukavello38 sunahastapado bhinnamukhavarno nabhiyo39 dakadharaye Ha­
vant lye mak^ikasahasrehi khadyati. sarathi aha: kumara kin te etena prcchitena
e?o puru§o vyadhina parigatasarlro gacchama udyanabhumin tahim krldahi
ramahi pravicarehi. kumaro aha: bho bhane sarathi vayam api vyadhidharma
vyadhidharmatayam anatlta. yatra nama jatasya jar a prajnayati vyadhi ca
prajnayati atra panditasya ka ratih.
1. rupasya40 vyasanam balasya mathanam sarvendriyanam40* vadhah
sokanam prabhavo rativyupasamo41 cittasrayanam42 nidhi
dharmasyopa§amah w — w w w — gatrasritanam42 grham
yo lokam pibate vapus ca grasatl43 vyadhisya43* ko nodvijet
kumaro aha: sarathi nivartehi ratham alam me udyanam gamanaye.44 kumaro
punah nivartitva grham pravistah. raja Suddhodano amatyam prcchati: bho
bhane kim45 kumaro nivrtto udyanabhumim na45 nirgato. amatya ahansuh:
maharaja kumaro vyadhitam purusam drstva nivrtto na bhuyo udyanabhumim
nirgato. rajno bhavati: ma haiva46 yatha Asitena rsina kumaro vyakrto tatha
bhavisyati. rajna kumarasya antahpure samdrstam:47 susthu kumaram krlda-
petha ramapetha natyehi gitehi vaditehi yatha kumaro grhe abhirameya. evam
kumarasya yatha devaloke evamrupa antahpure samglti vartanti. na ca kuma­
rasya samgltisu manam gacchati; tam eva jirnam ca vyadhitam ca purusam
samanusmarati.
aparakalena kumaro bhuyo pitaram aprcchati: tata47a udyanabhumim nir-
yasyami darsanaye. rajna amatyanam anatti dinna: kumaro udyanabhumim
niryasyati udyanabhumim alamkarapetha margam pratijagaretha nagaram ca
alamkarapetha yavac ca rajakulam yavac ca rajakumarasya udyanabhumim
siktasamsrstam vitatavitanam citradusyapariksiptam osaktapattadamakala-
pam dhupitadhupanam muktapuspavaklrnam dese-desesu ca puspayantrani
natanartakarllamallapanisvarya kumbhatunika manapikani ca rupani47b sabdani
gandhani upasthapetha48 yatha kumaro udyanabhumim niryanto na kamcid49
amanapam pa£yeya j Irnam vyadhitam va kanam va khodam va dadrulam50 va
kandulam51 va kacchulam va andham va gilanam va; yatha kumaro na kimcid
35, mss. la0; Senart em. nabhlye; §10.115. 3S. mss., for (em., or misprint?) °mana. 37. ? D.
38. mss.; D.; Senart em. pitapandukavarno (cf. above, before n. 35); but the De§I word
vella is not likely to be a ms. corruption; perhaps rather the above originally read like this,
with bhinnamukha- before -varno. 39. cf. n. 35; mss. here na°, and one ms. with Senart
°Iye. 40. m.c. for °ya; here begins a gardulavikridita verse, printed by Senart as prose;
the mss. present almost perfect meter, except for a lacuna of six syllables in the 3d pada.
40a. mss. °yam, °yaip; em. Senart (confirmed by meter). 41. mss. °§ramo or °samo (which
Senart reads, perhaps rightly, §2.63). 42. D. a§raya (2,3), a§rita; probably read °&6ravanltip
at least for °yanSi]ti, and possibly for °§ritanarri. 43. m.c. for °ti. 43a. mss. °§ya; §10.78.
44. mss., for °na-gama°; §36.16. 45. mss. hi for kim., and om. na. 46. mss. haivam, heva;
Senart hevam (!); cf. §42.4. 47. mss.; n. 25. 47a. mss. tato. 47b. v.l., for ed. °ni. 48.
this word om. in mss.; cf. above. 49. mss., for (em.) kir*icid. 50. so, or dradulaip, mss.,
for (em.) dadruraipu 51. mss., for (em.) °tllaxifi; cf. n. 31.
10 MAHAVASTU
amanapam pa&yeya tatha karetha.52 vacanamatrena ca raj no amatyehi yatha-
nattam pratijagrtam52* vamadak?inato ca purugah sthapita ye janasya utsara-
nanx karonti yatha kumaro udyanabhumim niryanto na kimcid amanapam
paSyeya. evani kumaro saptaratnacitrena yanena vitatavitanena osaktapatta-
damakalapena hemajalasamchannena savaijayantehi53 sanandlghosena sakhura-
pravalena ucchritadhvaj apatakena samatyaparij ano mahata raj anubhavena
mahata rajarddhiye mahatlye vibhu§aye mahata samudayena ubhayato
vamadakipinena anjali£atasahasrani64 sampratlcchanto Kapilavastuto udyana­
bhumim niryati. Ghatikarena ca kumbhakarena Suddhavasadevaputrabhutena
anyehi ca suddhavasakayikehi devaputrehi mrtako puruso kumarasya purato
nirmito maficake samaropito purugehi nlyanto55 jnatihi a§rukanthehi rudan-
mukhehi praklrnakesehi56 uram pidantehi57 karunam pralapantehi. kumaro
tam drstva sarathim prcchati: bho bhane sarathi kim idam puruso mancakam
aropito vinlyate jnatihi asrukanthehi rudanmukhehi praklrnakesehi uram
pidantehi.678, sarathi aha: kumara58 e§o puruso mrto jnatihi mancakam aropya
asrukanthehi rudanmukhehi praklrnakesehi uram pidantehi59 gmaiianam nlyati.
kumaro aha: bho bhane na60 e?a sarathi bhuyo puruso mataram va pitaram
va61 bhrataram va bhaginlm va mitrajnatisalohitam61 va citram va jambudvl-
pam pa&yati. sarathi aha: ama kumara na62 e§a bhuyo puruso mataram. va
drak§yati pitaram va bhratarain va bhaginlm va mitrajnatisalohitam va citram
va jambudvipam. kumaro aha: maranam khalu
2. tava ca63 mama ca tulyam naiva §atruh na bandhub63a
ytu yatha parivaHI64 durjayam durvinltam
na ganayati kulinam nlca nanathavantam66
dinakara iva nirbhlr atra66 margena yati
sarathi aha:
3. kamam sampattim rajalak§mlm ratim §rlm66a
etam66a prcchahl67 sarvalokapradhanam
kim tubhyarn raudram68 rogasamtapamulam
mrtyum tam69 d^?tva yo vinaSo naranam
52. mss., for (em.) karotha; opt.
to karati, §28.13, rather than to Pkt. (kareti) karei, §§38.2,18 ff.; I have failed to note any
clear instances of that present in BHS. 52a. one ms., v.l. °gratarpL, for (em.) °gritaip. (as
above); but cf. n. 89 and §34.14. 53- so, or °tlhi, mss.; Senart em. °tena; tho the following
words are Bhvr., this could be a Karmadh., ‘with accompanying banners’; but perhaps
read °tikena, see n. 91. 64. mss. afijaliip-fiata0. 55. mss. nlcanto, niyato; Senart em.
nlyate; §37.15. 56. mss. pariptirna-k0; Senart em. pariklnia-, but this does not fit in mg.;
for my em. see just below. 57. mss. piduijitehi, pldyanto; Senart em. pl4ent°; §38*30, cf.
notes 57a, 59. 57a, mss. (v.l. piruia0), for (em.) plden0. 58. mss. °ro, em. Senart, prob.
rightly (but cf. §8.28). 59. mss. pldyan0, pindan0; Senart em. plden0; cf. n. 57. 60. my
em.; not in mss. or Senart, but the reply seems to demand it. 61. the order is that of one
ms., and of both in the reply; Senart follows v.l. 62. mss. kum&reiia, em. Senart. 63.
both mss.; Senart om. ca, making maranam khalu part of the verse (which is malinl).
63a. mss. bandhu. 64. mss. pata or §ata (em. Senart) parivartate (kept by S.). 65. (na-
anStha°;) mss. nlcaip. natha0; Senart em. na nicarp. na natha° (unmetr.). 66. mss. nirbhltah
(v.l. °tha) atra; Senart °to atra, unmetr.; °to ’tra puts caesura in wrong place. 66a. mss.
firil^, etaip.. 67. m.c. for (mss. and Senart) °hi; meter, vai§vadevl. 68. mss. kiip. te raudra;
em. Senart (tuhyaxp, but the commoner tubhyam is equally possible). 69. taip inserted
by Senart m.c.
THE FOUR SIGHTS 11
bodhisattvo aha:
4. j Irnaturam70 mrtam dr§tva yo nodvijati samsare71
Socitavyah72 sa durmedha andho nasto yathadhvani73
kumaro aha: bho bhane sarathi vayam api maranadharma m aranadharm atayai74
anatlta. yatra nama jatasya vyadhi prajnayati jara prajnayati maranah pra­
jnayati atra panditasya ka ratih nivartehi ratham , alam me udyanabhumim75
gamanaye. kumaro tato evam pratinivartitva punah grham gato. raja Suddho-
dano am atyanam prcchati: kim kumaro bhuyo pratinivartitah na udyana­
bhumim nirgato. am atya ahansuh: deva kumarena mrtako puruso mancake
samaropito jnatlhi a£rukanthehi rudanmukhehi praklrnake&ehi uram pidan-
tehi76 artasvaram ravantehi smaSanam nlyanto77 drsto tasya tam drstva samvego
jatam . tatah eva pratinivrtto. rajno Suddhodanasya etad abhusi: ma haiva78
nim ittakanam brahmananam satyavacanam bhavisyati ye te evam ahansuh:
pravraji§yati kumaro. rajna dani kumarasya antahpuram duto presito varsavara
kancukiya ca: sugthu kumaram kridapetha n^tyagitavaditena yatha kumaro
abhirameya. te dani antahpurika kumaram susthu abhiramenti79 nrtyehi
gitehi vaditehi na ca kumarasya atra cittam va mano va nanyatra80 tam eva
jirnan aturan m rtam smarati.
kumaro bhtiyah aparakalena pitaram aprcchati: tata udyanabhumyam
niryasyami dar&anaye. raja aha: yasya kumara kalam manyasi.81 rajna amat­
yanam anattam: udyanasya82 bhumim alamkarapetha nandanavanam83 iva
devarajasya nagaram ca alamkarapetha yavac ca rajakulam yavac ca
rajakumarasya udyanabhumim siktasansrstam karapetha vitatavitanam citra-
dusyapariksiptam osaktapattadamakalapam dhupitadhupanam muktapuspava-
kirnam de§e-desesu ca puspayantrani dhupayantrani natanartakarllamalla-
panisvarya kumbhatunika84pratijagarapetha manapika pi ca rupasabdagandham
yatha kumaro Kapilavastuto udyanabhumi86 niryanto na kimcid amanapam
pa£yeya jirnam va vyadhitam va mrtam va andham va kanam va khodam va
dadrulam86 va kandulam87 kacchulam va vicarcikam88 va tatha karotha. ama-
tyehi anattamatrehi yatha rajno samdeSo tatha sarvam pratijagrtam89 dese-
de§e§u ca purusa sthapitah, yatha kumaro Kapilavastuto udyanabhumim90
niryanto na kimcid amanapam pagyeya. kumaro pi dani saptaratnacitrena
yanena hemajalapraticchannena svalamkrtena suvibhusitena savaijayantlkena91
sanandigho§ena sakhurapravarena92ucchritadhvajapatakena samatyo saparijano
mahata rajanubhavena mahata rajarddhlye mahata viyuhaye mahata samvrd_
dhiye mahata vibhu§aye Kapilavastuto udyanabhumim niryantasya93 Ghati_
70. mss. jirno at0; em. Senart. 71. m.c. for samsare (mss., Senart); cf. D .
saipsarin, and §3.31. 72. mss., for (em.) goce°. 73. my em. (m.c.) for ed. with mss. andho
dhvani yatha nai^al*. 74. cf. §9.34; mss. °yaih, °yair. 75. mss., for (em.) °mi-; see n. 44.
76. mss. pindan0, pujyante; Senart em. p!<Jen° (as above). 77. mss. niriyanto. 78. Senart
with v.l. °vam; n. 46. 79. used as caus. in Pali as well as (°mayati) Skt.; v.l. °ramapenti.
80. seems to belong to anyatra (1), D., but the repeated neg. is rather characteristic of
anyatra (2); perhaps, after all, ‘not except that he thought on . . .* (?) 81. mss., for (em.)
°se. 82. v.l. °na-, 83. misprinted °vanamam. 84. one ms., for (Senart with v.l.) °kaip.
85. mss., for (em.) °mirji; n. 28. 86. one ms., v.l. (da)rdulai?i, for (em.) dadrurai?i. 87.
as n. 51, 88. mss. corrupt; Senart em. as above. 89. as n. 52a. 90. v.l. °mi. 91. v.l.
°tikena; cf. n. 53. 92. mss., for (em.) °valena. 93. mss.; Senart em. niryato. nirySntasya;
but cf. n. 6.
12 MAHAVASTU
karena kumbhakarena suddhavasadevaputrabhutena94 anyehi ca suddhava-
sakayikehi devaputrehi kumarasya purato pravrajito nirmito kasayambaradharo
praSantendriyo iriyapathasampanno yugamatrapreksamano janasahasre Kapi-
larajamarge.96 so dani pravrajito kumarena drgto drgtva ca punar asya mana96
praslde: aho pravrajitasya prajnimam. kumaro tampravrajitam drs^va prcchati:
arya kimartham so pravrajitah. pravrajito aha: kumara atmadamaSamathapari-
nirvanartham pravrajito. kumaro tam pravrajitasya vacanam Srutva prlto
samvrtto. kumaro aha: pravrajito khalu nama yah97
5. kasayapatavalambitaprakarsl98
ajinakhipena" vistirna100 aindramarge101
bhurikamalaraj avakirnagatro102
Saranavare108 gata104 eka cakravakah
Mrgi105 Sakyakanya Anandasya mats, sa kumaram tadrslye lakgmlye
tadr^aye vibhugaye Kapilavastuto niryantam drsfcva gathahi kumaram abhi-
stavati:
6. nirvrta punas108 te mats pita punas te107 nirvrto
nirvrta punah sa nari108 yasya bharta bhavigyasi
bodhisattvasya nirvanasabdam Srutva nirvanasmim eva manam praside tisthe
sampraskande:
7. nirvanaghosam §rutv5na nirvanaDpt109 srotam110 adade
nirvan’111 anuttaram dr?tva dhyayate akutobhayam
kumarena tam nirvanam dhyayantena Mrgi Sakyakanya navalokita nabhagta.
tasya dani Mrglye112 Sakyakanyaye daurmanasyam samjatam: ettakasya
janakayasya madhyato mayS kumaro abhistuto na canena aham avalokitapi.
94. Senart by em. inserts kaya after vasa. 95. Kapila =» "la-vastu. 96.
mss. (§16.31), for (em.) mano. 97. somewhat doubtfully, I conjecture that yah, read by
the mss. at the end of the next half stanza and properly deleted by Senart, originally be­
longed here. 98. the verse seems surely to have been puspitagra; this first pada is correct
with shortening m.c. of two syllables, which Senart with mss. writes long (ka$ayapata°);
to be sure, mss. also ka- for the first syllable (em. Senart). 99. or (Sktized) °k?ipcna, but
prob. the Pali form (D.); my em. for mss. janakapilena or janakaritena. 100. pron. vitl0
(cf. Pali vitthijip') also written vitti0); mss. vistirno, before the preceding word; Senart
vitlrno janavikirne, for the two words. 101. mss. add yah (n. 97). 102. bhuri, m.c.. for
Senart’s em. bhtlri, mss. bhura- or bhula-; mss. 0kamalarajava", Senart em. 103. ? my
conjecture, m.c., for mss. Saravare, Senart em. Paravane (both submetr.). 104. mss., for
(em.) yatha. 105. the following incident is not directly attached to the Four Sights else­
where, to my knowledge, but corresponds (with important variations) to Pali Jat. i.60.26
ff., which follows the Four Sights after an intervening page. The woman there is named
KisSgotami. 106. mss., for (em.) khalu. 107. mss. om. punas te; em. Senart; te short,
§3.64. 108. mss. insert nirvjta. 109. for mss. °na (metr. inferior); Senart em. °ne. 110.
mss., for (em.) Srotram. 111. m.c., for mss. °riam. 112. v.l., for (ed. with 1 ms.) Mrgi-.
 4
The Four Sights (Lalitavistara)

LV 186.21-192.14.
atha bhiksavo bodhisattvah sarathim praha: slghram sarathe ratham
yojayodyanabhumim gami$yamlti. tatah sarathih1 rajanam Suddhodanam
upasamkramyaivam aha: deva kumaro2 udyanabhumim abhiniryasyatlti.
atha rajnah Suddhodanasyaitad abhavat: na kadacin maya kumara udyana­
bhumim abhiniskramitah subhumidarsanaya. yan nv aham kumaram udyana­
bhumim abhini$kramayeyam.2a tatah kumaro3 striganaparivrto ratim vetsyate
nabhini^kramisyatiti. tato raja Suddhodanah snehabahumanabhyam bodhisatt-
vasya nagare ghantavaghosanam karayati sma: saptame divase kumara udya­
nabhumim niskramisyatiti subhumidarsanaya tatra bhavadbhih sarvamanapani
capanayitavyani; ma kumarah pratikulam pasyet, sarvamanapani copasam-
hartavyani visayabhiramyani.4
tatah saptame divase sarvam nagaram alamkrtam abhut, udyanabhumim6
upasobhitam nanarangadusyavitanikrtam chatradhvajapatakasamalamkrtam.
yena ca margena bodhisattvo ’bhinirgacchati sma, sa margah siktah sammr§to
gandhodakaparisikto muktakusumavakirno nanagandhaghatikanidhupitah pur-
nakumbhopasobhitah kadal!vrk$occhrito nanavicitrapatavitanavitato ratnakin-
kinljalaharardhaharabhipralambito58, ’bhut. caturangasainyavyuhitah parivaraS
codyukto ’bhut kumarasyantahpuram pratimandayitum.6 tatra bodhisattvasya
purvena nagaradvarenodyanabhumim abhiniskramato mahata vyuhena, atha
bodhisattvasyaivanubhavena suddhavasakayikaih7 devaputrais tasmin marge
puruso jlrno vrddho mahallako dhamanlsamtatagatrah khandadanto valmicita-
kayali palitakesah kubjo gopanaslvanko8 vibhagno dandaparayana aturo
gatayauvanah khurukhuravasaktakanthah8a puratahpragbharena9 kayena dan-
dam avaytabhya pravedhayamanah10 sarvangapratyangaih purato margasyo-
padargito ’bhut. atha bodhisattvo janann eva sarathim idam avocat:
1. kim sarathe puruga durbalo11alpasthamo
ucchu$kamamsarudhiratvacasnayunaddhah
svetamsiro12 viraladanta krgangarupa13
alambya danda vrajate asukham skhalantah
sarathir aha:
2. e§o hi deva puru?o jarayabhibhutah
kglnendriyah sudukhito14 balaviryahlnah
1. mss., for °thl. 2. mss. (v.l. °rodyana°), for (em.) °ra (ud°). 2a. best ms. °krameyaip;
read so? (§38.27). 3. mss., for °ra. 4. mss. °ni. 5. §10.23. 5a. Lefm. with v.l. °ki£kini°.
6. a minority of mss. (incl. the usually best) add: atha £uddh&vasakayik£ deva nidhya-
payanti (q.v. D.) sma, bodhisattvaipi aharituip; bracketed in Lefm., not in Tib. or Calc.
7. mss., for °kair. 8. all mss. but one, for (ed. with best ms.) °vakro. 8a. all mss. (ex­
cept one kharu0), for (em.) kharakhara0. 9. Lefm. with 1 ms. om. puratah; Mv confirms
other mss. 10. most and best mss. (confirmed by Pali pavedhamanaip. DN ii.22.2 and J&t.
i.59.5), for Lefm. pravepa0. 11. mss.; may be kept (short o), §§3.74, 8.19; for Lefm. °la.
12.§§2.63, 75. 13. §2.59; mss. °rQpa (§8.24), v.l. °pa, for (em.) °po. 14. m.c., for suduh0.
10
14 LALITAVISTARA
bandhujanena paribhuta anathabhutah
karyasamartha apaviddhu vane va daruh
bodhisattva aha:
3. kuladharma e$a ayam asya hi tam bhanahi
athavapi sarvajagato ’sya iyam hy avastha
§Ighram bhanahi vacanam yathabhutam etat
3rutva tathartham iha yonisa cintayi^ye
sarathir aha:
4. naitasya deva kuladharma na rastradharmah
sarvajagato sya16 jara yauvanu dharsayati16
tubhyam pi matrpitrbandhavajnatisamgho
jaraya amukta na hi anya gatir janasya
bodhisattva aha:
5. dhik sarathe abudha balajanasya buddhih
yad yauvanena madamatta jaram na paSyet
avartaya§u mi16a ratham puna ham17 pravesye18
kim mahya19 krldaratibhir jaraya^ritasya
atha bodhisattvah pratinivartya rathavaram punar api puram pravisat. iti
hi bhiksavo bodhisattvo ’parena kalasamayena daksinena nagaradvarenodyan-
abhumim abhiniskraman mahata vyuhena so ’draksln marge purusam vyadhi-
sprstam dagodarabhibhutam20 durbalakayam svake mutrapurlse nimagnam
atranam apratisaranam krcchrenocchvasantam prasvasantam.20* drstva ca
punar bodhisattvo janann eva sarathim idam avocat:
6. kim sarathe puru§’ arusyavivarnagatrah21
sarvendriyebhi22vikalo guru prasvasantah
sarvangasu^ka udarakulakrcchraprapto
mutre puri^i svaki tisthati kutsanlye
sarathir aha:
7. ego hi deva puruso paramam gilano
vyadhlbhayam upagato maranantapraptah
arogyatejarahito balaviprahlno
atranadvxpaSarano23 hy aparayanaS ca
bodhisattva aha:
8. arogyata ca bhavate yatha svapnakrida
vyadhlbhayam ca imam idr&a24 ghorarupam
ko nama vijnapuru?o ima dr§tv’ avastharri
krldaratim ca janayec chubhasamjnatam va
atha khalu bhiksavo bodhisattvah pratinivartya rathavaram punar api pura-
vararri praviksat. iti hi bhiksavo bodhisattvo ’parena kalasamayena paScimena
nagaradvarenodyanabhumim abhiniskraman mahata vyuhena so ’drak§It
15. mss. (one °jagasya, om. to), for Lefm. sarve jagasya; the syllables -vaja-
are equivalent to one long; 'of this whole world'. 16. mss. °yati; em. Lefm. 16a.
so Lefm. with one ms. and Tib.; most mss. iha, m-iha, mi hi (all unmetr.); Tib. lacks
iha. 17. m.c., for punar ahaip. 18. §2.26. 19. mss. mahyaip; em. Lefm. 20. my em.;
T>. dagodara. 20a. for Lefm. with 1 ms. pra§vas°. 21. D, aru§ya. 22. mss. °yabhi,
°yabhih, °yibhih; em. Lefm. 23. Tib. favors a single cpd., a- plus the rest (not at ran’
advl]^ ala°). 24. most and best mss., for °6u.
THE FOUR SIGHTS 15
purusam mrtam kalagatam mance samaropitam cailavitanlkrtam jnatisam-
ghaparivrtam sarvai rudadbhih krandadbhih paridevamanaih prakirnakesaih
pam£vavakIrnasirobhir25uramsi tadayadbhir utkrosadbhih prsthato ’nugacchad-
bhih. drstva ca punar bodhisattvo janann eva sarathim idam avocat:
9. kim sarathe purusa mancapariggrhito26
uddhutakesa nara27 pamsu £ire ksipanti
paricarayitva viharanty ura28 tadayanto
nanavilapavacanani udlrayantah
sarathir aha:
10. e$o hi deva purugo mrtu jambudvlpe
na hi bhuyu matrpitr draksyati putradaram
apahaya bhogagrha mitrajnatisamgham29
paralokapraptu na hi draksyati bhuya30 jnatlm
bodhisattva aha:
11. dhig yauvanena jaraya samabhidrutena
arogya30a dhig vividhavyadhiparahatena
dhig jlvitena vidu§o31 naeirasthitena
dhik panditasya purusasya ratiprasangaih
12. yadi jara na bhaveya naiva vyadhir na mrtyuh
tatha pi ca mahaduhkham pancaskandham dharanto32
kim puna jaravyadhir mrtyu nityanubaddhah
sadhu pratinivartya33 cintayi$ye pramoksam
atha khalu bhiksavo bodhisattvah pratinivartya tarn rathavaram punar api
puram praviksat. iti hi bhiksavo bodhisattvasyaparena kalasamayenottarena
nagaradvarenodyanabhumim abhiniskramatas tair eva devaputrair bodhisatt-
vasyanubhavenaiva tasmin marge bhiksur abhinirmito ’bhut. adrak^Id
bodhisattvas tarn bhiksum §antam dantam samyatam brahmacarinam avak-
?iptacak§um34yugamatrapreksinam prasadikeneryapathena36 sampannam prasa-
dikenabhikramapratikramena sampannam prasadikenavalokitavyavalokitena
prasadikena samminjitaprasaritena36 prasadikena samghatipatraclvaradhar-
anena marge sthitam. drstva ca punar bodhisattvo janann eva sarathim idam
avocat:
13. kim sarathe purusa Santa pra^antacitto
notksiptacaksu vrajate yugamatradarsl
kasayavastravasano supra&antacari
patram grhitva na ca uddhatu37 unnato va
25. mss. parSvava0; em. Lefm. with Tib.
26. §2.7; for °parigr°. 27. my em., with Tib. and Foucaux Transl., for nakha. 28. m.c.
for (Lefm. with most mss.) uras; best ms. aru. 29. the usually best ms. has, for mitra,
matrpitr (which Lefm. prints in parens, before mitra, perhaps with other mss. [note is not
clear]; it is not in Tib, and certainly not original); the meter is right if the 2d syllable of
mitra be taken as a long (for two shorts), in close juncture with jnati-; or we may read
mitra-, or mitra ca. 30. all mss. but one, for °yu. 30a. §8.8. 31. most and best mss. with
Tib. (mkhas la), for °§a. 32. §18.69. 33. ger. of caus., ‘having made (the chariot) return’;
so Tib. clearly! 34. ava-, my em. (= Pali avakkhitta-, okkhitta-cakkhu), for Lefm. avi-,
v.l. anu-, -k§i°; -cak^urpi (§16.45), best ms., for Lefm. with other mss. -caksusam. 35. Lefm.
°nairya° (misprint?). 36. D.; for best ms. sanmi0, Lefm. with other mss. sami0. 37. mss.
na coddha0; em. Lefm.
 LALITAVISTARA

14. e§o hi deva puni?o iti btok?u nama

lit 11

tratavaa suvmitacari
pravrajyapraptu samam"
samraeadvesavkato ’nvati" pmdacirva"
15. Sdhr1subhSgii I ii
pravrajya nama vmuDmn
1 11
;ra J

sukhajivitam sumadhuram amrtam phalani ca

atha kbala bhiksavo bodhisattvah pratinivartya tain rathavaram punar api
88. v.l. samam (which gives the mg.). 3j. D.; my em. for Lefm.
k ti (unmetr.); YT.1 . ’m ta, ’ntata. 10. all mss. tat the best tyiip (read so?). 41,
ms. (?) sidha; em, Lefm. & Lefm. with all mss. (Calc. praSa0; |2.63).
 5
The First Sermon (Mahavastu), Part 1

This, known as the Dharmacakrapravartanasutra, is a combination of two originally

quite distinct parts, in Mv and LV, and in the Pali Vin. i.8.31 ff. Mv still clearly shows the
seam between them. Part 1, Mv iii.328.20—329.15, an introduction to the Sermon, occurs
elsewhere in Pali by itself, in MN i.171 ff., immediately following Buddha’s meeting with
the ajlvika Upaka, which also immediately precedes in Vin., and not quite immediately,
but after short and largely similar intervening sections, in Mv and LV. The beginning of
Part 1 is fairly similar to the Pali in both Mv and LV, but expanded in Mv and still more
in LV; yet fundamentally the opening sentences in the LV tradition resemble the Pali
more than Mv does at this point. Part 1 is concluded in Mv with a passage of about a page
(329.16-330.16) which I omit here. Then, in Mv, 330.17-333.17, Part 2, the Sermon proper,
begins with evarp maya srutam, as if it were a quite independent text. And indeed it is
that. It occurs alone in Pali SN v.420 ff., introduced by evam me sutaip. The two parts are
much more skillfully joined in Vin., which conceals the seam quite well. In LV there is a
much longer expansion (omitted here) at the end of Part 1 (it only partly resembles the
page of Mv which I have omitted), into which at last the beginning of Part 2 is skillfully
and imperceptibly fitted. The bald and awkward way in which Mv joins the two originally
disconnected parts suggests relative antiquity (as well as lack of art) in this aspect of the
Mv tradition, contrasting with not only LV but even the Pali Vin.
Rsipatane1 pancaka bhadravargiya viharanti Ajnatakaundinyo2 Asvaki
Bhadrako Vaspo Mahanamo. Bhagavam Varanaslto pindaya caritva krta-
bhaktakrtyo Rsipatanam gacchati. pancakehi bhadravarglyehi Bhagavan
dr?to, durato evagacchantam drstva Bhagavantam kriyakaram karonti: ayam
sramano Gautamo agacchati saithiliko bahuliko prahanavikranto na kenacit
pratyutthatavyo.3 Bhagavam cagacchati te ca svakasthanesu4 na ramanti.
sayyathapi nama sakunta5 nldagata va vrksasakhagata va hestato agnina
samtapiyamana utpatetsuh,6 evam eva pancaka bhadravargiya7 durato eva-
gacchantasya svakasvakesv asanesu ratim avindanta Bhagavantam pratyut-
thayetsuh pratyndgametsuh :8 ehi ayu?mam9 Gautama svagatam ayusmato
Gautamasyanuragatam10 ayusmato Gautamasya. Bhagavan aha: bhagna vo
bhikgavah bhadravargiya pratijna ma bhiksavo bhadravargiya tathagatam
ayu^mamvadena samacaratha. tesam dani Bhagavata siksavadenabhastanam11
vat kimcit tlrthikalingam tlrthikaguptim12 tirthikakalpam sarvam samantar-
ahitam triclvara13 ca pradurbhavetsuh sumbhaka ca patra prakrtisvabhava-
samsthita ca keSa iryapatha14 ca sanam15 samsthihe; sayyathapi nama
varsaSatopasampannanam bhiksilnam e?a16 ayu§mantanam17 pancanam bha-
dravarglyanam pravrajyopasampada bhiksubhavo. te dani pakvatailena
Bhagavantam nimantrayetsuh. [A passage follows which is omitted here; see
above; only the first lines are paralleled in L V .]
1. v.l. °pattane; so in sequel. 2. mss. °ya; to be kept? §8.24. 3. mss., for °vyaip. 4.
one ms., v.l. svake sthanani; for (em.) svake§u stha0. 5. mss. °to. 6. Senart em. °tensuh;
§§32.95 ff. 7. v.l. °iya, also later (not noted here). 8. Senart em. °yensuh, °mensuh, as
n. 6; so also below (not noted here). 9. mss., for (em.) 0mai£; §18.81. 10* §4.63. 11. v.l.
°dena abha0; §34.11. 12. mss., for (em.) °ti; §10.23; D. gupti. 13. mss. here °re; n. pi.,
cf. §8.80; but elsewhere this cliche regularly reads °r!L 14. mss., for (em.) IrySpatho; §3.38.
15. §21.45. 16. §9.8. 17. v.l. °matanaip, equally possible.
HM
 The First Sermon (Mahavastu), Part 2

Mv iii.330.17—333.17. See under preceding. Pali Vin. i.10.10 £f.; SN (which lacks the pre­
ceding) v.420 infra, ff. After the opening sentence Vin. and SN agree practically literatim
thru this passage.
evaip maya srutam1 ekasmim samaye Bhagavam Varanasyam viharati Rsi-
vadane2 mrgadave. tatra Bhagavam ayusmantam pancaka3 bhadravarglyam4
amantresi bhiksava5 iti Bhagavan6 iti bhiksu Bhagavantam7 pratyasroglt. Bha-
gavam sanam etad uvaca: dvav imau bhiksavah pravrajitasya antau. katama
dvau. ya§ cayam kamegu kamasukhallikanuyogo8 gramyo prathujjaniko nala-
maryo narthasamhito nayatyam9 brahmacaryaye10 na nirvidaye na viragaye
na nirodhaye na sramanyaye na sambodhaye na nirvanaye samvartati; ya§
cayam atmakilamathanuyogo11 duhkho anaryo anarthasainhito. imau bhik§avah
dvau pravrajitasya antau ete ca bhikgavo ubhau antav anupagamya tathaga-
tenaryasmim12 dharmavinaye madhyama pratipada anusambuddha13 cakgu-
karaniya upasamasamvartanika14 nirvidaye viragaye nirodhaye Sramanyaye
sambodhaye nirvanaye samvartati. katama sa bhiksavah tathagatenaryasmim
dharmavinaye madhyama pratipada abhisainbuddha caksukaraniya jngna-
karaniya upasamasainvartanika16. . . (etc. to) sanivartati. yam idam arya§tan-
gika16 sayyathidam samyagdrgtilj samyaksamkalpah samyagvyayamah samyak-
karmanto17 samyagajlvah samyagvak samyaksmrtih samyaksamadhir iyam
sa bhiksavah tathagatena.. . (etc., omitting jfianakaraniya, to) saipvartati.
catvari khalu punar imani bhikgavo aryasatyani. katamani catvari. say-
yathldam: duhkham aryasatyam duhkhasamudayo aryasatyam duhkhanirodho
aryasatyam duhkhanirodhagamin! pratipadaryasatyam. tatra bhikgavah kata-
mam duhkham aryasatyam. tad yatha: jatih18 duhkham jara duhkham vyadhi
duhkham maranam19 duhkham apriyasamRrayogam20 duhkham priyaviprayo-
gam duhkham yam p’ icchanto21 paryeganto na labhati tam pi duhkham rupam
duhkham vedana duhkha22samjna dulikha samskara duhkha vijnanain duhkham
samkgiptena pancopadanaskandha duljkha. idam bhik?avah duhkham aryasa­
tyam. tatra katamo duhkhasamudayo aryasatyam. yayam23 tygna paunarbha-
1. mss., for °tam. 2. v.l. R?ipattane. 3. mss., for °kaip; §8.92. 4. one ms. (°varg°),
for (em.) “glyam; v.l. “gikaip.; §2.65. 5. v.l. °va-r-; §4.62. 6. mss., for “van; n. 9 to Part 1.
7. one ms. °vanta, peril, read so, §§8.32, 18.4 ff.; v.l. 0vat ah. 8. mss. (corruptly °gyo),
with Pali, for “kayogo (em. with LV). 9. ? Senart em. with LV; mss. nati-; read nayatirp?
p . ayatiip.) 10. ? mss. “ryasya, °ryarp sy5; cf. LV. 11. mss. °ga. 12. with Pali tatha­
gatena, and below; for tathagatasyar0, em., mss. °gatar°, “gatanar0. 13. D. 14. for upa-
samaye (em.;mss. °sama- = °Sama-) sam° (mss. °tatika; cf. Pali samvattanika). IS. mss.
°tatika. 16. v.l. °kah. 17. misprinted °manto, cf. below. Note transposition of -vyaya-
mah and -vak; repetition below has regular order, with LV and Pali. 18. v.l. jati. 19.
mss. °na. 20. v.L °go. 21. so with one ms. for (em.) picchanto. 22. v.l. “khaip. 23.
so Senart em. with Pali; mss. yogam; could also be yeyaip. with LV.
18
THE FIRST SERMON, PART 2 19
vika nandlragasahagata tatratatrabhinandinl, ayam bhiksavo duhkhasamudayo
aryasatyam. tatra katamo duhkhanirodho aryasatyo.24 yo etasyaiva t^naye
nandiragasahagataye tatratatrabhinandiniye ase?aksayo virago nirodho tyago
prahano pratinihsargo ayam bhikgavo duhkhanirodho aryasatyah. tatra katama
duhkhanirodhagamini pratipadaryasatya. e?aiva arya^ango margo. tad yatha:
samyagdr§tih samyaksaipkalpah samyagvaca samyakkarmantah samyagajivah
samyagvyayamah samyaksmjtih samyaksamadhih iyam bhik?avah duhkhani-
rodhagamini pratipadaryasatyam.
idam duhkham iti bhik?avah purve ananusrutehi dharmehi yonisomanasi-
kara jnanam udapasi25 caksur udapasi vidya udapasi buddhi udapasi bhurir
udapasi prajna udapasi alokam pradurbhti§i.28 ayam duhkhasamudayo ti...,
ayam duhkhanirodho ti..., iyam ca duhkhanirodhagamini pratipada iti...
(essentially as before but inserting medha udapasi before prajna). [This is the first
of the three Hums', see D. parivarta (1); as there explained, the other two are con­
fused and compressed in Mv, which however is obviously based m substantially the
same text as LV; the Mv version of them is here omitted.]
yavac caham bhikgavah27 imani catvary aryasatyani evam triparivartain
dvadaSakaram yathabhutam samyakprajnaya nabhyajnasigam na tavad aham
anuttaram samyaksambodhim abhisambuddho pratijane ’ham28 napi tava me
jnanam udapasi akopya ca29 me cetomuktih29®sak?ikfta. yato aham bhiksavah
imani catvary aryasatyani evam triparivartam dvadaSak&ram yathabhutam30
samyakprajnaya31 abhyajnasi?am athaham anuttaram samyaksambodhim abhi­
sambuddho ti prajanami82 jnanam ca me udapasi akopya ca me cetovimuktih
prajMvimuktih sakgikfta.
24. v.l. °yaip. 25.
§32.60; Pali udapadi. 26. v.l. for pradurabhu§i. 27. v.l. °vo. 28. duplication of aham;
cf. §§31.21-22 and fn. 2; here the verb is probably preterite. 29. one ms. (v.l. va), for
(em.) na; the negation in napi carries over. 29a. so text, no v.l.; read cetovimuktih as
below? 30. as above and Pali; for tath5°. 31. v.l. °aya. 32. read pratija0?
 7
The First Sermon (Lalitavistara), Part 1

LV 407.12-409.20. See under selection 5 above.

iti hi bhikgavas tathagato ’nuptirvena janapadacaryam caran yena Varanasi
mahanagari tenopasamkramad upasamkramya kalyam1 eva nivasya patraci-
varam adaya Yaranasim mahanagarim pindaya pravikgat. tasyam pindaya
caritva krtabhaktakjtyah pa§cadbhaktapindapatrapratikrantah, yena R?ipa-
tano mj-gadavo yena ca paficaka bhadravargiyas tenopasairikramati sma.
adrakguh khalu punah paficaka bhadravargiyas tathagatam durata evagacchan-
taxn drstva ca kriyabandham akarsuh: ega sa ayusmantah2 sramano Gautama
agacchati sma, saithiliko bahulikah prahanavibhrastah. anena khalv api tayapi
tavat purvikaya dugkaracaryaya na Sakitam kimcid uttarimanusyadharmad
alamaiyajnanadar&navisesam saksatkartum. kim punar etarhy audarikam3
aharam aharan sukhallikayogam anuyukto viharann abhavyah4 khalv e?a
Saithiliko Mhuliko nasya kenacit pratyudgantavyam na pratyutthatavyam, na
patracivaram pratigrahitavyam8 nasanain® datavyam na paniyam paribhogyam
na padapratigthanam sthapayitvatiriktany asanani vaktavyail7 ca: sanividyanta8
imany ayugman Gautamatiriktany asanani saced akankgasi nigldeti. ayugmams9
tv Ajnatakaundinyas10 citte nadhivasayati sma, vaca ca na pratikgipati sma.
yatha-yatha ca bhikgavas tathagato yena paficaka bhadravargiyas tenopasam-
kramati sma, tatha-tatha te svakasvakegv asanegu na ramante11 sma, utthatu-
kama abhuvan. tadyathapi nama pak§I SakunI12 panjaragatah13 syat tasya ca14
panjaragatasyadho13 ’gnir dagdho bhavet, so ’gnisamtaptas tvaritam urdham16
utpatitukamo bhavet praitukamas16 caivam eva yatha-yatha tathagatah
paficakanam bhadravarglyanam sakaSam upasainkramati sma, tatha-tatha
paficaka bhadravarglya17 svakasvakegv asanegu na ramante sma, utthatukama-
bhuvan.18 tat kasmat: na sa kaScit sattvah sattvanikaye samvidyate yas tatha-
gatam dj?tva17 asanan na pratyuttigthet. yatha-yatha ca tathagatah paficaka19
bhadravargiyan upasamkramati sma, tatha-tatha paficaka bhadravargiyas
tathagatasya Sriyaxn teja§ casahamana asanebhyah prakampyamanah sarve
kriyakaraxn bhittvotthayasanebhyah20 kalcit pratyudgacchati sma, ka§cit
pratyudgamya patracivaram pratigjrhnati21 sma; kaScid asanam upanamayati
1. misprinted kalpam. 2. so repetition 409.15; here text (em.) <>nta, mss. mostly
5yu$man, w.ll. "man, “mantarp. 3. for audarikam, q.v. D. 4. delete danda. 5. mis­
printed pratipra0. 6. v.l. for naianam. 7. all mss. but one, for °vyam. 8. for °talj,
Lefm. with mss., then danda (which Xtranspose to before sam°); °te is of course meant.
9. mss. “man, or (one) °maips, perh. to be kept as Mlndicism, §3.34, or confusion with pres,
pples., cf. §18.76. 10. v.l., for Ajfiana0. 11. best mss. °ti, but °te below. 12. best mss.
(§10.27), for °niJi. 18. v.l. panjala0. 14. best mss. om. ca. 15. D. 16. praitu- (?) for
pratretu-, q.v. D. 17. no v.l. 18. most and best mss., for °kam5 abh&°. 19. most and
best mss., prob. to be read for °k5n; §8.92. 20. v.l. bhittvaScot0; ed. em. °tva cot0. 21.
so, n, all mss.; §2.39.
20
THE FIRST SERMON, PART 1 21

sma, kascit padaprati^hapanam kascit padapraksalanodakam21 upasthapayati

sma, evani cavocat:17 svagatam te ayu§man Gautama svagatam te ayugman
Gautama ni§idedam asanam prajfiaptam. nyagidat khalv api bhik§avas tatha-
gatah prajnapta evasane pancaka bhadravargiyas22 tathagatena sardham
vividham23 sammodanim23 samranjanim23 katham krtvaikante ni?edur24 ekante
nisannaS ca te pancaka bhadravargiyas tathagatam etad avocat:25 viprasannani
te ayusman Gautamendriyani parisuddhaS chavivarna iti hi sarvam purvavat.26
tata26a asti te ayu§man Gautama kascid uttarimanusyadharaiad alamaryajnana-
dar£anavi£e§ah sak§atkrtah. evam ukte bhiksavas tathagatah pancakan bhadra-
vargiyan evam aha: ma yuyam bhiksavas tathagatam ayusmadvadena samuda*
cari?ta, ma vo bhud dirgharatram anarthayahitayasukhaya.27 amrtain maya
bhikgavah sakgatkrto28 ’mrtagami ca29 margah. buddho ’ham asmi bhiksavah
sarvajnah sarvadarSi Sitibhuto294 ’naSravah... [here I omit jrrn $9.9 to 11]
tesam ca ehi bhikgava30 ity ukte yat kimcit tirthikalingam tirthikadhvajah
sarvo ’sau tatksanam evantaradMt, tricivaram patram ca pradurabhut tadanu31
chinna6 ca ke§ah; tadyathapi nama var§asatopasampannasya bhiksor iryapa-
thah samvrtto ’bhut saiva32te?am pravrajyabhut saivopasampad bhiksubhavalj.
[1 long pssage follows, $9$H16.15, m iM here]
22. most and best mss., for paficakapi °yas te. 23. best mss. °vidhE,
°dani, om. sainra0;perh. read so, but all mss. kathaip. 24. all mss., for (em.) °duh (adding
danda). 25, nearly all mss., for °can; §25.22; 3 pi. doubtless also meant above, evam
cavocat. 26. refers to LV 405.7 ff. 26a. best ms., for (2 mss.) tad; others omit. 27.
§42.7. 28. §6.12; here gender of the next words may be involved. 29. for (error) va; D. va
(2). 29a. best mss. §iti°, perh. read so. 30. D. ehibhikguka. 31. best mss. atho, tad*
atho. 32. best mss.; ed. with v.l. adds ca.
 8
The First Sermon (Lalitavistara), Part 2

LV 416.15-418.21.
ratryah pascime yame pancakan bhadravargiyan amantryaitad avocat:
dvav imflii bhiksavah pravrajitasyantav akramau j1 yas ca kamcsu kamasukhal-
likayogo hlno gramyah parthagjaniko2 nalamaryo ’narthasamhitah3 nayatyanx
brahmacaryaya na nirvide na viragaya na nirodhaya nabhijfiaya4 na sambo-
dhaye na nirvanaya samvartate; ya5 ceyam amadhyama pratipad atmakayakla-
mathanuyogo duhkho ’narthopasamhito6 drgtadharmaduhkhaS cayatyam ca
duhkhavipakah. etau ca bhiksavo dvav antav anupagamya madhyamayaiva
pratipada tathagato dharmam de§ayati, yad uta samyagdrstih samyaksam-
kalpah samyagvak samyakkarmantah samyagajivah samyagvyayamah samyak-
smrtih samyaksamadhir iti.
catvarlmani bhikgava aryasatyani. katamani catvari. duhkhairi duhkhasa-
mudayo duhkhanirodho duhkhanirodhagaminl pratipat. tatra katamad duh­
kham. jatir api duhkham jarapi duhkham vyadhir api duhkham maranam api
apriyasamprayogo 'pi priyaviprayogo ’pi duhkham, yad api icchan parye§a-
mano na labhate tad api duhkham, samk?epat7 pancopadanaskandha duhkham
idam ucyate duhkhani. tatra katamo duhkhasamudayo8yeyarn tr?na paunarbha-
vikl9 nandfragasahagata tatratatrabhinandiny ayam10 ucyate dulikhasamuda-
yah. tatra katamo duhkhanirodho11 yo ’sya eva trjnayah punarbhavikya nan-
diragasahagatayas tatratatrabhinandinya janikaya nivartikaya a§e§o virago
nirodho ’yam duhkhanirodhalj. tatra katama duhkhanirodhagaminl pratipat.
ya e?arya?tango12 margah. tad yatha, samyagdr§tir yavat samyaksamadhir iti.
iyam18 ucyate duhkhanirodhagaminl pratipad aryasatyam iti. imani bhikgavaS
catvary aryasatyani.
iti duhkham iti me bhikgavah ptirvam asrutegu dharmesu14 yonisomanasi-
kara15 bahulikara15 jfianam utpannam cak§ur utpannarri vidyotpanna bhtirir
utpanna medhotpanna prajnotpanna alokah pradurbhutah. ayam duhkhasa-
mudaya iti me . . . (as before but mss. °karat). ayam duhkhanirodha iti me bhik-
gavah sarvam purvavad yavad alokah pradurbhutah- iyam duhkhanirodhaga-
minl pratipad iti me bhiksavah purvavad eva peyalam yavad alokah pradur-
bhutahi. [End of first ‘turn’, D. parivarta.]
yat16 khalv idam duhkham parijfieyam iti me bhikgavah purvavad eva peya-
1. so the mss. (some akramo) corruptly indicate; so Tib. 2. mss. mostly prarth0;
D. 3. best mss., for °thopasaip°. 4. note Mlndic form! 5. v.l. ya, intending yai; text
is here disturbed. 6. no v.l.; read ’narthasaiphito with above, n. 3, Mv, and Pali? 7.
v.l. “patah. 8. mss., for (em.) °yah (danda). 9. v.l. punar6. 10. or, °nl ayam, for both
edd. °nySyam, without v.l. or note; ignored by Weller. 11. mss., for (em.) °dhah (danda).
12. best mss., for (om. ya) e?a evsLrySi-itaiiga-. 13. best mss., for idam. 14. Pali pubbe
an-anussutesu dhammesu; cf. Mv. 15. best mss., with Mv, as abl., for “karad, °rat (°raj).
16. v.l. tata(h); read tat, as in next paragraph?
22
THE FIRST SERMON, PART 2 23
lah17 pradurbhutah. sa khalv ayam dulikhasamudayah prahatavya iti... sa
khalv ayam duhkhanirodhah sak§atkartavya i t i . sfi khalv iyam duhkhani-
rodhagaminl pratipad bhavayitavyeti... {etc., variously abbreviated). (End of
second ‘t o ’.]
tat18 khalv idam duhkham parijnatam iti me bhiksavah purvam aSruteti
peyalah.19 sa khalv ayam duhkhasamudayah prahina iti me bhiksavah purvam
a§ruteti peyalah.15 sa khalv ayam duhkhanirodhah saksatkrta iti me bhiksavah
purvam a^ruteti peyalah.18 sa khalv iyam duljkhanirodhagamini pratipad
bhaviteti me bhiksavah... (etc. in jull to) pradurbhutah. [End oj third lt m ’]
iti hi bhiksavo yavad eva me esu catusv20 aryasatyegv evam21 yoniso mana-
sikurvato evam triparivartam dvadasakaram jnanadar&nam utpadyate na
tavad aham bhiksavo ’nuttaram22 samyaksambodhim abhisambuddho 5smi iti
pratijnasisam,20 na ca me jnanadarSanam utpadyate. yatas ca me bhiksava e§u
catu?v aryasatyegv evam triparivartam dvadasakaram jnanadarsanam ut*
pannam, akopya ca me cetovimuktih prajnavimuktiS ca sak§atkrta, tato ’ham
bhiksavo ’nuttaram samyaksambodhim abhisambuddho ’smi iti pratijnasisam,
jnanadarsanam ca23 me udapadi k§ina me jati24 u?itam brahmacarya26 krtam
karaniyam naparam asmad26 bhavam prajanami.
17. so best mss.; others substitute yavad
alokah; ed. prints both readings but em, peyalam. 18. v.l. (2 mss.) tatah; cf. n. 16. 19.
so best mss. 20. see §1.46. 21. best mss.; ed. om. 22. all mss. but one °ra; perh. read so;
but cf. below. 23. mss.; ed. om. ca. 24. best mss., for jatir. 25. mss. and Calc, (§8.32),
or (em.) °ryaip. 26. most and best mss., for naparasmad.
 9
The Chain of Causation (Pratityasamutpada; Lalitavistara verses)

LV 418.22-420.10; immediately follows the preceding selection,

tatredam ucyate:
1. vacaya1brahmarutakinnaragarjitaya
angaih2 sahasranayutebhi samudgataya
bahukalpakoti3 sada4 satyasubhavitaya
Kaundinyam alapati Sakyamunih6 svayambhuh
2. cakgur6 anityam adhruvam7 tatha §rota ghranam
jihvapi kaya mana duhkha8 anatma Sunyah9
jadasvabhava10 trnakudya iva niriha
naivatra atma11na naro na ca jivam12 asti
3. hetum pratitya imi sambhuta sarvadharma
atyanta dr§tivigata gaganaprakaSa13
na ca karako ’sti tatha naiva ca vedako ’sti
na ca karma paSyati kftam hy a^ubham §ubham va
4. skandha pratitya samudeti hi duhkham evam
sambhonti14 trsnasalilena vivardhamana
margena dharmasamataya vipaSyamSnS15
atyantakgina kgayadharmataya niruddhah16
5. saipkalpakalpajanitena ayoniSena17
bhavate avidya na pi sambhavako18 ’sya kaScit19
samskarahetu dadate na ca saxnkramo20 ’sti
vijfianam udbhavati samkramanam pratitya
6. vijfiSna21nama tatha22 rupa samutthitasti
name ca rupi samudenti gad indriyani
?adi-indriyair23 nipatito iti sparsa uktah
spariena tisra anuvartati vedana ca
7. yat kiinci24 vedayitu sarva sa2Btr§na ukta
trgnata sarva upajayati duhkhaskandhah
1. instr. of vac5. 2. v.l. with Tib. for aip^aih; D. afiga (2). 3. acc. pi. 4. (sada.)
5. v.l. (metr.) for °ni. 6. m.c. for °ur. 7. pron. a-dhuvajjt (so Pali). 8. m.c. for °kha.
9. most mss., for °yS. Before this word, mss. and edd. (Lefm. in parens.) add api riktasva-
bhava. 10. ja- m.c. for ja-; -da, §8.15. 11. §3.35. 12. Either §§6.6, 8.26; or jlva-m-,
§4.59. 13. ‘Being boundless and withdrawn from (the range of human) sight, they are
like the heavens.’ 14. subject, skandha (h). 15. §37.20; ‘being perceived, by the Way,
as identical (sama-ta, instr., ‘as sameness’) with the conditions of being—’. 16. ‘Being
completely destroyed, because of the nature of destruction they are (permanently) sup­
pressed.’ 17. beBt mss., for °sena; D. ayoniSa, saipkalpa. 18. D. 19. mss., for kaSci.
20. D. samskara (1). 21. loc., §8.11. 22. so best ms. (metr.) for tatha ca. 23. §19.24.
24. mss. °cid. 26. (sa.)
24
THE CHAIN OF CAUSATION
 10
The Conversion of Sariputra and Maudgalyayana

Mahavastu iii.56.6-67.7. Same story in Pali, AN. comm, i.155 ff., Dhp.comm. i.88 ft.
Cf. Oldenberg, NGWGott. ph.-hist. Kl. 1912,124 ff. The two stylistic types which 0. dis­
tinguishes correspond, as he points out, on the whole to styles found in canonical and
post-canonical Pali, respectively. But O.’s precise division between the two, in the text
of Mv, seems to me more sharp than the facts warrant. Actually there is quite a bit of mix­
ture in Mv. O.’s ‘style B’ (Pali canonical) really begins (as in Pali Vin.i.39.23 ff.; the pre­
ceding part is not in canonical Pali) not with Mv iii.60.1, as 0. says, but with the appearance
of Sai^jayin, iii.59.9. The introductory sentence in Mv is very close to Vin.: tena khalu
puna samayena Rajagrhe nagare Saipjayl. . . parivrajako pancaSataparivaro (see n. 32)
parivraj akar&me prativasati = tena kho pana samayena Sanjayo paribbajako Rajagahe
pajiivasati mahatiya paribbajakaparisaya saddhim addhateyyehi paribbajakasatehi. Then
follows, in 59.10-19, a passage in ‘style A* (Pali post-canonical), not found in Vin. Also
58.11, in the midst of an ‘A* passage, clearly belongs to ‘style B’. There is mixture of the two
styles likewise after 63.2 (where 0. makes the principal ‘B* passage stop), and some parts
can hardly be said to belong clearly to either ‘A* or ‘B \
Rajagrhasya ardhayojane Nalandagramakam nama gramam rddho ca
sphito ca samrddho ca. tatra brahmano maha&alo adhyo mahadhano mahabhogo
prabhutacitrasvapateyo prabhutadhanadhanyako§ako§thagaro prabhutaj atarii-
parajatavittopakarano prabhutahastya§vagajagavedako prabhutadasldasakar-
makarapauruseyo tasya dSni brahmanamaha&alasya Sari nama brahman!
bharya prasadika darSanlya. tasya dani Sarlye brahmanlye putra Dharmo
Upadharmo Satadharmo1 Sahasradharmo Tigyo Upatisyo ete sapta putrali
$at nivi^tah saptamo Upatisyo kanfyaso anivi^tako2 gurukule vedamantran
adhlyati. Rajagrhasya ardhayojanena Kolitagramakam nama gramam rddho
ca sphito ca samrddho ca bahujanakirno ca tatrapi brahmanamahaSalo adhyo
mahadhano mahabhogo prabhutadhanadhanyako6ako$thagaro prabhutajata-
ruparajatavittopakarano prabhutahastyaSvagaj agavedako prabhutadasidasa-
karmakarapauru§eyo Maudgalyayanagotrena3 tasya Kolito nama putro prasa-
diko darSanlyo pandito nipuno medhavi. tatraiva gurukule vedamantran
adhlyati. tatraiva Upatisyo anyani ca pancamatrani manavaka&atani sarva-
prathamam4 Kolitena Upatisyena ca vedamantra adhita anuyogo ca dinno
acaryasya ca ac&rya§u§ru$a krtacaryadhano ca niryatito chattram. upanaha
yas^i kamandaltikhS £ana£atam.6 te dani ubhaye sammodikS priyamana abh-
I§tacitta.6 Upatisyo pi Nalandagramato Kolitagramakam gacchati Kolitasya
darSanaye; Kolitagramato pi Kolito Nalandagramakam gacchati Upatisyasya
1. v.l. Saradharmo; since only six names are given, may we guess that this, as the
seventh, was found in the original before Sata°, one of the two being lost in each of the two
mss.? 2, add to §22.39. 3. both mss. here, and one or both sometimes below, Mau6ga°;
cf. pui^gala for pudgala, etc., §3,4; one or both mss. often read Ssliputra for Sari0. 4.
mss. sarve pr°. 5. mss. °taip. or °narp.. 6. ? so Senart em.; but mss. abhlk^aiji citta,
perh. error for txk§9 acitt&, cf. tlk^abuddhiko Mv i.232.2, in a similar context; t and bh
are often confused.
26
CONVERSION OF §ARIPUTRA AND MAUDGALYAYANA 27
darsanaye. Rajagrhe samasamam Giriyagrasamajam nama parvam vartati
pancanam TapodaSatanam.7 tatra dani pancahi Tapodasatehi7 panca udyana-
satani sarvani panca udyanaSatani anekehi janasahasrehi bharitani bhavanti
darsana§atani vartanti samgltiSatani vartanti aparani ca natanartakarllamal-
lapanisvarakani dimbaravelambakakumbhatumkaSatani.8 te dani brahmana-
mahasalaputro9 Upatisyo ca Kolito ca caturghotehi10 asvarathehi yuktehi
cetasahasrehi samparivarito9 Giriyagrasamajam preksaka gata.11 te dani sattva
sakuSalamulapunya varaparlttagrha12 krtadhikara purimakesu samyaksam-
buddhesu pratyekabuddhasravakamahe§akhyesu ca uptasatyadhikara chinna-
bandhana bhavyotpattika aryadharmanam araganaye13 caramabhavikaye hetu-
pratyayacarika sattva. tesam ubhayesam tatra Giriyagrasamajam prekgan-
tanam pauranena kusalamulena hetum upadarsitum14 Sariputrasya tam jana-
kayam drstva anityasamjna utpanna imam ettakam janakayam abhyantara
var^asatasya anityataya sarvam na bhavisyati. Maudgalyayanasyapi janaka-
yasya tasya hasantanam hakkaram ca ksipantanam dantamalani drstva asthi-
samjna15 utpanna. so dani Maudgalyayano Sariputram paridinamukhavarnam16
dy$tva aha:
1. manojna tantrlsvaragitaghosa
tripu§karasphotikasaryamanah17
sruyanti18 Sabda madhura manojna
range bhavam kim paridinavaktro
2. hr§tasya kalo na hi Socitasya
ramitasya kalo aratim jahahi
§rnohi samgltim ivapsaranam
hr§ta naran yasya manu§yanandano19
atha khalu Sariputro manavo Maudgalyayanam19a manavam etad uvaca:
3. ete vi§ayasamrakta visayaS ca calacala
bhavesu ca dravyegu ca ka ratir balabuddhinam
4. acira20 . . . sarve atrpta kamalolupah
vyastagatra gamisyanti mrta bhasmaparayanali
5. etan21 me samjna na rameti Maudgalyayana me ’rati22
vipula pratibha23 caiva bhavita matiyo24 ratili
7. so read; D. Tapoda. 8. so read, see D. velambaka, kumbhat0*
9. mss, (§8.83), for (em.) °tra and °ta. 10. so Senart em.; mss. catu- or c&tur- (to bekept?)-
ghotehi or -ghatehi. 11. em. Senart; mss. mata(h). 12. perh. ‘habitations of excellent
safeguards’, D. 2 parltta. 13. mss. (D. °na 1), for (em.) ar&dha°. 14. so, or °§ayitum,
mss., followed by a danda (which I delete); Senart em. °darMtai?i; I understand, ‘as they
both were watching (gen. abs.) . . . in order to make clear . . 15. D. 16. misprinted
°vana. 17. D. tripu§kara; -sSrya0 Senart *s em., mss. aryamanali, aryanamE. 18. v.l.
Sruyasti; §37.36. 19. so one ms.; v.l. hr§t& narasya manu§ena nandano; Senart em. h?§ta-
nano asmiip. manu§yanandane; hr?fca naran acc. pi., additional object of Spiohi; yasya
refers to S. himself, ‘(you) who have (here) a human paradise*. 19a. mss. °na-, perh. to
be kept. 20. mss. (presumably — acirat), for (em.) °rai*i; after this the mss. are cited as
reading sunise (v.l. perhaps °sa), for which Senart em. munisa, which I do not understand.
21. mss. (v.l. etam), for (em., presumably m.c.; perhaps rightly) tan. 22. so (without
avagraha, as usually) mss., for (em., unmetr.) °yana na me rat!. 23. Senart pratima, with
one ms.; the other, tho corrupt, seems to support my reading for the whole line; ‘a great
idea has been brought into being, a joy to the mind*. 24. one ms. (corruptly supported by
the other; the form should be added to §10.119), for (em.) matiya.
28 > «*■*■ T JL V

6. samayo khu dharmacaranam caritum narakinnara25

surasura sucari26 pi kamaratibhi27 lolitah28
7. atrptamanasa gata vilayam . . ,29
so dani Sariputramanavako tam Maudgalyayanamanavakam amantrayati:
pravrajya me abhipreta pravraji^yami. Maudgalyayano aha: yam bhavato
i§tam tan mamapi istam aham api pravrajiipyami. Maudgalyayano aha:
8. ya gati bhavato i§ta asmakam api rocati
tvaya sardham mrtam sreyam na ca30 jivitum31 tvaya vina
tena khalu puna samayena Rajagrhe nagare Samjayi31* nama Vairatlputro
parivrajako pancaSataparivaro32 parivraj akarame prativasati. te dani Sari-
putramaudgalyayanamanavaka parivraj akaramam gatva Samjayisya33 Vaira-
tikaputrasya34 parivraj akasya sakaSe parivraj akapravrajyam pravrajita. Sari-
putrena saptahapravrajitena sarvani parivrajakasastrani adhltani Maudgal-
yayanenapy ardhamasena sarvani parivraj akasastrani adhltani. te dani ahansuh:
nayam dharma35 nairyaniko tatkarasya duhkhaksayaya samvartati gacchama
pfthak-prthak svakhyatam dharmavinayam paryegyamah36 yatra duhkhasya
antakriya pravartati. yo mam37 prathamataram svakhyatam dharmavinayam38
tena aparasya akhyatavyam; tatali sahita aryadharmavinaye pravrajisyamah.
te dani tani parivraj akasastrani samgltlkrtva39 Rajagrham pravigta anyena
Sariputro pravrajako anyena Maudgalyayano.
tena khalu punah samayena Bhagavan Antaragirismim Yagtlvane udyane
yathabhiramyam viharitva Venuvanam anuprapto tatraiva viharati Venuvane
Kalandakanivape40 mahata bhiksusamghena sardham ardhatrayodaSabhir
bhikguSataih. atha khalv ayugman Upaseno kalyasyaiva nivasayitva patra-
civaram adaya Rajagrhanagare pindaya prakrame. adrakgit Sariputrah pari­
vrajako ayu$mantam Upasenam durata evagacchantam prasadikena abhi-
krantapratikrantena alokitavilokitena samminj itaprasaritena samghatipatra-
clvaradharanena nago41 viya karitakarano antargatehi indriyehi abahirgatena
manasena sthitena dharmatapr&ptena yugamatrarp prek§amano dr§tva ca
punah atiriva manasam praslde: kalyana punar iyam pravrajitasya irya.42
yan nunaham tasya upasamkrameyam. atha khalu Sariputro parivrajako
yenayugman Upasenas tenopasamkramitva ayu§mata Upasenena sardham
sammodaniyam katham saxnmodayitva sarayanlyam katham vyatisaretva
ekante asthasi ekantasthitah Sariputrah parivrajako ayu§mantam Upasenam
25,
ferently in Senart; my reading is supported by the mss. with very few variants; the line
division also differs from S. 26. ? so one ms., v.l. sucali; Senart em. sucara (hardly an
improvement). 27. mss.; Senart °tlbhir. 28. so Senart em.; mss. 1Hitah, rllitah. 29.
Here follow what Senart prints as four lines (58.20-59.3) of verse, which contain so many
difficulties and corruptions that I omit them, in despair of constituting a plausible text;
in 58.20 I do not even understand what Senart means to state as the readings of the mss.
30. omit (m.c.)? 31. mss., for (em.) °taip. 31a. Pali Sai^jaya; with this sentence begins
the part of this story found in the Vin, (i.39.23 fir.). 32. v.l. (proved right in the sequel),
for (ed. with 1 ms.) pafic5£a-pari°. 33. mss. °§ya; §10.78. 34. mss., for (em.) Vairatika0.
35. so (or v.l. °ma) mss., §8.24, for (em.) °mo. 36. §28.28; v.l. °§amah. 37. §20.59; cf.
note 69. 38. app. lacuna in mss. (Senart). 39. mss. °tiip. kftva; D. saipiglti, end. 40.
mss. Kala^da0, Karanda0. 41. construction forgotten; nom. for acc. 42. mss. intend
iryya, for (em.) irya.
CONVERSION OF SARIPUTRA AND MAUDGALYAYANA 29
etad uvaca: Sasta bhagavan utaho42a Sravako. evam ukte ayusman Upaseno
Sariputram parivrajakam etad uvaca: sravako ham ayusmam. evam ukte
ayusman43 Sariputro parivrajako ayusmantam Upasenam etad uvaca: kimvadi
bhavato sasta kimakhyayl kathani punali Sravakanam dharmam desayati
kevarupa casya sravakesu ovadanusasanl bahulam pravartanlyam43a bhavati.
evam ukte ayusman Upaseno Sariputram parivrajakam etad uvaca: alpaSruto
ham asmim44 ayusmantam arthamatram kalpeyam.44* evam ukte Sariputro
parivrajako ayusmantam Upasenam etad uvaca:
9. arthena mahya kariya
kim bhoti vyanjanakam subahukam pi
arthaguruko hi vijno
arthenartham pi ciklrsati45
10. vayam apy etasambharam46 vacagrantham nirarthakam
agrhya47 bahubhi48 divasaih vancitah purvavancita49
evam ukte ayusman Upaseno Sariputram parivrajakam etad uvaca: pratit-
yasamutpannam dharmam khalv ayusman60 Sasta upadaya pratinihsargam
vijnapeti. atha khalu Sariputrasya parivrajakasya tatraiva prthivlprade^e
sthitasya virajam vigatamalam dharmesu dharmacaksur visuddham. atha
khalu Sariputro parivrajako praptadharmo prahlnadrstih tirnakankso viga-
takathamkatho61 rjucitto mrducitto karmanlyacitto nirvanapravano nir-
vanapragbharo ayusmantam Upasenam etad uvaca: kahim ayu?mam Upasena52
§asta viharati. evam ukte ayusman Upaseno Sariputram parivrajakam etad
avocat: Sasta Venuvane Kalandakanivape ittham veditvana53 ayusman Upaseno
Rajagrhe nagare pindaya pravicare.
Sariputro parivrajako yena Maudgalyayanah parivrajakas tenopasamkrame.
adraksit Maudgalyayano parivrajako Sariputram parivrajakam durato eva-
gacchantam parisuddhena mukhavarnena padmavarnena prasannehi54 ca
indriyehi drstva ca punah Sariputram parivrajakam etad avocat: parisuddho
bhavato Sariputrasya mukhavarno paryavadato viprasannani ca indriyani.
atha khalu te ayusmam55 Sariputra amrtam adhigatam amrtagami56 ca margo
vikasitam iva padmam Suddham . . ,57 vaktram prasannam upaSantani58 indri-
42a. mss. uta, utahi; Senart em. uta. 43. this title seems, at this
point, a slip. 43a. to pravartayati (BR s.v, 7; Pali &nam pavatteti). 44. mss., ‘in this
subject’, for (em.) asmi. 44a. prob. to kalpayati: ‘I might cause (you, Sir) to get an idea
of . . 45. mss. clearly intend an arya vs; my text is a perfect aryS except that the 5th
foot in the first line and the 7th in the second are amphibrachs; all readings accord with
one or both mss. except that I delete two anusvaras, and except that in pada c mss. read
arthavijne for vijfio (vijne may be right, §8.25), and in pada d one ms. lacks pi, while the
other has vi (and after it corruptly ciryati, omitting the syllable kl and with y for §); vi
may be an original Pktism. Senart vainly tries to make a §loka. 46. mss. (v.l. °sadbha°;
eta => etat), for (em.) api ettasaiji0. 47. v.l., for ed. with one ms. agrhya. 48. v.l., for
ed. with 1 ms. °bhir; in this word two shorts replace a long. 49. mss. purvagi (so Senart;
unmetr.) vaficito. 50. mss. (§18.81), for (em.) °man. 51. mss. °tha, perh. correct (§8.24).
52. mss. Sariputra. 53. mss. (v.l. °tva; to vedayati), for (em.) vad°. 54. mss., for (em.)
vipras0, perh. right (the usual term, and used just below). 55. v.l. °m&n; note 50. 56.
mss. (§10.19; v.l. °minl, thinking of pratipad), for (em.) °ml. 57. here Senart reads pro-
vftasya, with 1 ms. (which however has vastram for vaktraip!), admitting that it yields na
good sense; the other ms. has vfttajya, which surely conceals an ep. of vaktraip (or prior
30 MAHAVASTU
yani amrtam samaptam58* kaccit59 te yena te tam dvigunasubhacitrarasmi-
jalam60 vistirnam. evam ukte Sariputro parivrajako Maudgalyayanam etad
uvaca: amrtam me ayusman50 Maudgalyayana61 adhigatam amrtagaml ca
margo.
11. yo so Sruyati62 sastre
puspam ivodumbaram63 vane buddha
utpadyanti sirighana
utpanno lokapradyoto
evam ukte Maudgalyayano parivrajako Sariputram parivrajakam etad avocat:
kimvadi ayusmam Sariputra sasta kimakhyayi. evam ukte Sariputro parivra­
jako Maudgalyayanam etad avocat:
12. ye dharma64hetuprabhava65
hetun te§am tathagato aha
te§am ca yo nirodho66
evamvadl mahaSramanah67
atha khalu Maudgalyayanasya parivrajakasya tatraiva prthivlpradese sthi-
tasya virajam vigatamalam dharmesu dharmacaksu visuddham. atha khalu
Maudgalyayano parivrajako praptadharmo prahinadrstih tlrnakankso viga-
takathamkatho udagramanasacitto678, mrducitto karmanlyacitto nirvananimno
nirvanapravano nirvanapragbharo. atha khalu Maudgalyayano parivrajako
Sariputram parivrajakam etad avocat: kahim ayusmam Sariputra Sasta vi-
harati. evam ukte Sariputro parivrajako Maudgalyayanam parivrajakam etad
avocat: e§a ayusmam Sasta Venuvane viharati Kalandakanivape mahata
bhiksusamghena sardham ardhatrayodaSabhir bhiksuSataih gacchama Samjayim
amantretva Sastaram68Venuvane bhagavato santike brahmacaryam carisyamah.
evam ukte Maudgalyayano parivrajako Sariputram parivrajakam etad uvaca:
gaccha ayusmam Sariputra ito Venuvanam kim mam69 Samjayina kudrstina
dr^tena. Sariputro tam aha: na hi ayusmam Maudgalyayana so pi asmakam
Samjayi69* bahukaro70 yam agamya vayam grhato bhini§kranta.
te dani parivrajakaramam71 gatva Samjayim amantreti:72 gacchama Bha-
gavati mahaSramane brahmacaryam carigyamah. evam ukte Samjayi72a pari­
vrajako Sariputramaudgalyayanam parivrajakan etad uvaca: ma bhavanto
Sramanasya Gautamasya brahmacaryam caratha. imani mama pafica parivra-
jakaSatani te§am bhavanto ardhaparihara.73 te ahamsuh: na hi gacchama vayam
part of a cpd. with it, or possibly a noun parallel to it). 58. ? so Senart em. (good sense,
but suspiciously remote), for mss. upagatani. 58a. mss. amrtara-samaptarp. (dantja);
em. Senart. 59, my em., for mss. kai^cin, kecin; Senart em. kvacit. 60. Senart em., for
mss. viguiiaSubhacitta0. 61. Senart with v.L Maha-M°. 62. so 1 ms., v.l. Sru°; Senart
em. iruyyati. 63. mss., for (em.) iva ud°; prob. intends (iv’) od° (D.). 64. the vs «
Pali Vin. i.40.28-29; ed. with mss. dharma (v.l. °mo, preceded by yo; Pali also dhamma),
unmetr. 65. ed. with mss. °bhava (v.l. °vo; unmetr.); Pali °bhava. 66. ed. with mss. °dha,
unmetr. 67. mss. mahaSr* (possible, §3.34; Pali mahasamano). 67a. mss. °manasarpL-citto
(v.l. -cinto); em. Senart. 68. mss. SastS, °tra; em. Senart. 69. mss. maip.; em. Senart;
§20.59; cf. note 37. 69a. mss., for (em.) °yi; before this, mss, yu§makaip, em. Senart.
70. mss. (D.), for (em.) bahupakaro. 71. so Senart em.; mss. °k& kamaip, or 0ka-S§.lipu-
traip. kamai£. 72. mss. (§25.10), for (em.) °trenti. 72a. v.l., for ed. with 1 ms. ®yl. 73.
em. Senart (D. parihara), for mss. arddha (acc. sg. ? §8.32) pariharet (2 pL subject? cf.
§25.12) or °hara (read °haratha ?).
CONVERSION OF SARIPUTRA AND MAUDGALYAYANA 31
Bhagavati mahasramane brahmacaryam carisyamah. svakhyata74 Bhagavata
dharmavinayo vivrtodayo chinne7&pilotika alam arthikasya76aprasadena. te dani
Samjayim amantretva parivrajakaramato yena Venuvanan tena pranata tani
pi panea parivrajakasatani Sariputramaudgalyayanehi parivrajakehi sardham
gacchanti. Samjayl Sariputra77 aha: ekam va78 dani duve hi79 trlni va atha va
catvari atha sarve panca §ata Upatigyo adaya prakramati.
Bhagavam Venuvane bhiksunam amantrayati: prajnapetha bhiksavah
asanani ete Sariputramaudgalyayana parivrajaka panca§ataparivara agac-
chanti tathagatasyantike brahmacaryam caritum, yo me bhavisyati srava-
kanam agrayugo bhadrayugo eko agro mahaprajnanam aparo agro mahard-
dhikanam. adraksic Chariputro parivrajako Bhagavantam durato evagacchato80
Venuvane mahatlye parisaye puraskrtah parivrto dharman desayantam, adau
kalyanam madhye kalyanam paryavasane kalyanam svartham suvyanjanam
kevalam81 paripurnam pariSuddham paryavadatam brahmacaryam sam-
prakaSayitum,82 dvatrimSatihi mahapurusalak?anehi samanvagatam asltihi83
anuvyanjanehi upaSobhitaSariram astadasehi avenikehi buddhadharmehi saman­
vagatam dasahi tathagatabalehi balavan caturhi84 vaisaradyehi visarado85
Santendriyo Santamanaso uttamadama&amathaparamitaprapto86 nago yatha
karitakarano antargatehi indriyehi abahirgatena manasena susthitena dharma-
tapraptena rjuna yugamatram prek^amanah gupto nago jitendriyo hradam iva
accho anavilo viprasanno ratanayupam iva abhyudgato suvarnabimbam iva
bhasamanam tejoraSim iva Sriya jvalamanam dvitiyam adityam iva udayantam
asecanakam apratikulam darSanaye; mukto muktaparivaro danto danta-
parivaro tlrno tirnaparivaro paragato paragataparivaro sthalagato sthalagata-
parivaro ksemaprapto ksemapraptaparivarah sramano sramanaparivarah
bahitapapo bahitapapaparivaro brahmano brahmanaparivarah srotriyo §ro-
triyaparivarah snatako snatakaparivarah bahitapapadharmo bahitapapa-
dharmaparivarah.
atha khalu Sariputramaudgalyayana parivrajaka pancaSataparivara yena
Bhagavams tenopasamkramitva Bhagavatah padau §irasa vanditva ekante
asthasuh.87 ekamante sthito Sariputro parivrajako Bhagavantam etadavocat:
13. u$itam88 sagarasalile
u?it5ni88 girigahanakananavanegu
anadarsanat89 tava90 mune
usita sma ciram kutirthe^u
74. mss. (§8.24), for (em.) °to. 75. mss. (§8.80), for
(em.) °na. 76. D. (2). 77. mss. (loc., ‘with reference to*), for (em.) °tram. 78. so (—
eva; v.l. ca) 1 ms., for (em.) na. 79. so, duve hi, 1 ms. (v.l. te hi ive), for (em.) tehi duve
va; S. investigates, and gradually finds the truth: ‘(is it) one (hundred) only, now? evidently
(hi) it’s two! or three 1or rather four! or all five hundred, that U. is departing with!’ 80.
so v.l. (§18.33), for ed. with v.l. °cchantam; it was, of course, S. who was arriving, attended
by the 500 monks. 81. mss., for (em.) kevala- (cpd. with pari0; so usually in corresp.
formula in Pali, but kevalaipt as separate word e.g. LV 3.8, with no v.l.). 82. mss., for
(em.) °yantaifi. 83. v.l. for °tihi (misprinted a6l°). 84. v.l. catuhi. 85. v.l. °daip; but
just before both mss. have balavafi, and shortly after this both agree on noms.; the author
has forgotten the construction. 86. Senart em. damatha for dama; but -damaSamatha-
occurs Mv ii.157.5 (Four Sights, Mv, near end). 87. so, or asthatsuh, mss.; Senart em.
°nsuh. 88. mss. (§8.85), for (em,) °taip. 89. my conjecture (see D. s.v. an-a-), for ed.
with mss. (unmetr.) adar6°; preferable to adar6° (m.c. for a-). 90. mss., for (em.) tuhyaip.,
32 MAHAVASTU
14. kumarga nivrtta91 pathe te92 prasanna
mahasarthavaha93 pratlrna94
ta95 samsarakantaram uttlrya dhirah
virakta na rajyanti bhuyah
atha khalu Sariputramaudgalyayana parivraj aka Bhagavantam etad uvaca:
pravrajetu main Bhagavan upasampadetu mam sugato. atha khalu Bhagavam96
Sariputramaudgalyayanapramukham panca parivraj akasatam ehibhiksukaye
abha§e: etha bhikgavafr caratha tathagate brahmacaryam. tesam dani Bhaga-
vata ehibhikgukaye abhast&nam yam kimci parivraj akalingam parivrajaka-
guptim97 parivrajakadhvajam parivrajakakalpam, sarvesam samantarahitam
triclvara sanain98 pradurbhavensuh" sumbhaka ca patra prakrtisvabhavasam-
sthitaka ca ke£a iryapatho100 sanam samsthihe sayyathapi nama var§a£ato-
pasampannanam bhik?unam. e$a ayu§mantanam Sariputramaudgalyayana-
pramukhanam pancanam parivrajaka^atanam101 pravrajya upasampada bhik-
§ubhavo.
athakhalv ayu§mam Sariputro Bhagavantam etad uvaca: kim bhagavam102
prajnapento prajnapeti kim tisthamanam ti?thati103 kim vibhajyamanam
bhajjati104 kim patisamdhentam patisamdheti. evam ukte Bhagavan ayu$-
mantam Sariputram etad avocat: catvaro Sariputra dhatavo104a prajnapento105
prajnapemi106 catvaro dhatavah tisthamanavo107 tisthanti catvari dhatavo
bhajyamanlyo108 bhajyanti catvaro dhatavo108* patisamdhento109 patisamdhenti.
evam ukte ayu^mam Sariputro Bhagavantam etad avocat: kimpratyaya110
Bhagavam ti?thati kimpratyaya bhajyati kimpratyaya pratisandheti111 kina-
pratyaya na pratisamdheti. evam ukte Bhagavan ayu§mantam Sariputram etad
avocat: kimpratyaya Sariputra jayatlti112avidyapratyaya trgnapratyaya karma-
pratyaya idampratyaya Sariputra jayati. kimpratyaya Sariputra ti§thati.
ayuhkarmapratyaya aharapratyaya113 Sariputra ti§thati. kimpratyaya Sariputra
bhajyatiti. ayurkgaya karmaksaya aharopaccheda114 idampratyaya Sariputra
bhajyati. kimpratyaya Sariputra pratisamdheti. avidyaye aprahinatvat trgnaye
vaSikrtatvat karmam casya bhavati pakvam115 asti idampratyaya
which leaves the meter impossible. 91. em. Senart, for mss. °ga-nivrtte (or °tta); nivrtte
is possible (§8.80). This vs seems to be an ardhasama relative of Bhuj ar^igaprayata, ISt.
8.380, which makes all four padas alike by adding to each line another ^ ------. 92. em.
Senart, for mss. yathe (v.l. yatha) tava (this may be correct, two shorts replacing a long).
93, my em., m.c. for ed. with mss. °ha. 94. so Senart em., for mss. °rniio or praklrnne;
°rno or °rne are possible (§§8.80, 83). 95. ? §8.34; Senart tam (unmetr.); at least one ms.
omits the word; a short syllable is required. 96. mss. (§18.76), for (em.) °vai*i. 97. so,
or °tifr, mss., for (em.) 0tai£; D. gupti. 98, §21.45; here mss. sanarri, below sa°. 99. v.l.
°vetsul>. 100. mss. (D.; §3.38), for (em.) Ir°. 101. v.l. paiicanaip. (om. pari0); ed. em.
pafica-&atanai£. 102. mss., for (em.) °varp; D. prajfiapayati (1). 103. mss. omit, em.
Senart. 104. §2.8; v.l. bhajyati. 104a. v.l. for °vah; D. dhatu (la). 106. mss., for (em.)
°nta. 106. v.l., for (em.) °penti (1 ms. °peti). 107. §9.93. 108. §11.3. 108a. dha° om.
in ed. (and mss.?). 109. mss., here n. pi., for (em.) °ntS. 110. D,; n. pi., or possibly sg.
(indefinite, ‘one’), not abl. with Senart. 111. Senart sandheti, om. prati (by error or mis­
print? no note); if mss. read so, em. seems necessary. 112. so Senart em., for mss. °tr5
(possible, §8.27) jatlti (v.l. janlti), which could also stand, as n. sg. of jati plus iti; but per­
haps the following jayati justifies the em. 113. mss. akara0; em. Senart. 114. mss. °da;
em. Senart. 115. mss. pak§aipt or °§ah; em. Senart.
CONVEESION OF S lR IP U T K A AND MAUDGALYAYANA 33
Sariputra pratisanidheti. kimpratyaya Sariputra na pratisamdhetiti. avidyaye
prahinatvat t^naye vyantikftatvat karmafi casya116 bhavati pakvaxii116 nasti
idampratyaya Sariputra na pratisamdheti. cak§u£ ca Sariputra adhyatmikam
ayatanam aparibhinnam bhavati rupo ca bahiram ayatanam caksusah a-
bhasam117 agatam bhavati; manapasecanasamutthanaka118 tasya tato-nidanam119
utpadyati pritisukhasaumanasyam indriyani ca prinayati. ye pi Sariputra
dhanna pratltya utpadyante120pritisukhasaumanasyam indriyani ca prinayanti,
te pi Sariputra dhanna jata bhuta samskrta cetasika121 pratltya samutpanna
naivatma naivatmanlya £unya atmena va atmaniyena va. atha evam anyatra
karma caiva karmavipakam ca hetum caiva hetusamutpanna ca dharma evam
srotam122 ghranam jihva kayo mana§ ca Sariputra adhyatmikam ayatanam
aparibhinnam bhavati dharma123 ca bahiram ayatanam manasya Sbhasam
agata bhavanti, manapasecanasamutthanaka124 tasya tato-nidanam utpadyati
prltisaumanasyam126 indriyani ca prinayati. ye Sariputra dharma pratltya
utpadyanti126 pritisukhasaumanasyam indriyani ca prinayanti, te Sariputra
dharma jata bhuta samskrta cetasika127 pratltya samutpanna naivatma naivat­
manlya sunya atmena va atmaniyena va. atha evam anyatra karmam caiva
karmavipakam ca hetus caiva hetusamutpanna ca dharma^.
idam avocad Bhagavan imasmim punar vyakarane bhasyamane sarvegam
Sariputramaudgalyayanapramukhanaip bhiksu^atanam anupadayasravebhyas
cittani vimuktani. ayu§mam§ ca Mahamaudgalyayano saptahopasampanno
rddhibalatam rddhivasitam ca anuprapune catvari ca pratisamvidani sakgl-
kare128 itthaxn etam Sruyati Dlrghanakhasya parivrajakasya sutram krtva
tasya Bhagavato vyakarane bhasyamane Dlrghanakhasya parivrajakasya
tatraiva prthivlpradese sthitasya virajam vigatamalam dharmegu dharmacakgur
viSuddham, §a§tinam bhikgunam anupadasravebhyaS cittani vimuktani.128
ayugm&m ca Sariputro ardhamasam pravrajito ardhamasopasampanno abhi-
jfiavaMtam prajnaparamitam. ca anuprapune catvari ca pratisamvidani sak-
glkare. ayugmam ca Maudgalyayano acirapravrajito aciropasarppanno tisro
vidya sakglkare. divyam cakguh purvanivasam asravakgayam ittham etam
grflyati;129 Dlrghanakhasya parivrajakasya sutram kartavyam.
116. mss. (v.l. karma c&°), correctly
(‘if action occurs for him, it does not ripen*, i.e. even if he acts, he is not bound); Senart
em. karmam nasya. 117. D. 118. so, or °nika, mss. (D. samut0), for (em.) °nakaqi. 119.
mss. niryataipL (q.v., D. 1) or niyatii£; em. Senart, with mss. below; D. nidanal. 120.
mss., for (em.) utpSdayante. 121. mss. vedayito (Senart °ta) or vetayita, see D. and n.
127. 122. mss. (D.; v.l. °tuqi), for (em.) grotrarp. 123. here in sense 2 of D (object of
manas; the statement is abbreviated, omitting the objects of the other four organs). 124.
em. as above, n. 118; mss. here corrupt. 125. prob. read prltisukha-saum°. 126. mss.,
for (em.) utpadayanti. 127. mss. asita or °yita; ed. em. vedayita; see n. 121. 128. be­
tween these points the mss. present this passage, which Senart omits, containing part of a
(to me unknown) version of the ‘sutra of the mendicant Dlrghanakha* (q.v., D.); it re­
sembles the end of the Pali version of the corresponding sutra, MN i.501.6 ff. Cf. below.
129. sc., in the sutra cited above, and again in the next sentence; the words before ittham
begin another quotation from it, to be recited here.
 Death of the Buddha

Mahaparinirvanasutra 41.1-18; Pali correspondent DN ii.154.1-156.34; the section on

the four holy places occurs earlier in Pali, 140.17-141.11; Pali 154.17-22 contains instructions
for dealing with the evil monk Channa, corresponding to an earlier passage of MPS, 29.13-
15, on the monk Chanda. In the text here printed, I follow Waldschmidt (abbreviated W.)
in enclosing in parentheses matter not found in his fragmentary mss. and supplied by him,
on the basis of the Tibetan translation, largely supplemented by parallel BHS passages;
that the suppletions are approximately correct seems certain. W. has Sanskritized the
samdhi throughout; I have restored that of the mss. without note or comment. I have also
followed the mss. in punctuation, or rather general lack of it; W. puts in many dandas,
with much justification, in view of the usual carelessness of most mss. in this regard. Gram­
matically, the text of MPS is more Sanskritized than many BHS texts, yet the mss. show
not a few proofs (aside from saipdhi and vocabulary) that it is BHS. Unfortunately W.
has removed many of them in his edition; but in this particular selection the only case is
amantrayati, twice emended to °te (note 6).
sya(t kha)l(u yu)§(m)akam bhikgavo mamatyayat parinirvrto ’smakam
£ast(a) n(a)sty etarhy asmakam (sasta) nihsarana(m) va na khalv evam dras-
tavyam yo vo mayanvardhamasam p(r)a(t)i(mok?a uddeMtah sa vo ’dyagr)ena
§Ss(t)5 sa ca v(o nihsaranam. ySni bhik?avah k?udranuk?udran)i (Si)k.?apada(ni
tani kalena samghah samagrlbhutah samuddharatu tat sukhaspar§aviharata-
yai1) samvartate. tasma(ttarhi) cadyagre(na) navatara(kena) bhikguna vfddha-
tarako (bhik)§u(r na namavadena na gotrava)de(na samudaca)ritavya anyatra
bhadant(eti2) va ayugmad va tena ca vrddhatarakena bhikguna navatarako
bhik?ur upasthapayitavyah upaladayitavyah p(a)tr(e)na civarena sikyena
(sarake)na kayabandhanena (p)r(akara)nikaya pariprcchanikaya udd(e)S(ena
yogena) manasikarena.
catvara ime bhi(k)s(avalj) pr(thivlp)r(ade§a Sraddhasya kulaputrasya kula-
duhitur va yavajjlvam anusmaraniya bhavanti katame catva)rah iha Bhaga-
vam jatah3 iha Bha(gav3n anuttaram samyaksambodhim abhisaipbuddha iha
Bhagavata triparivartana dvada§akaram dharmyam dharmacakrain) pravarti-
tam iha Bhagavan anupadhiSege nirva(nadhatau parinirvftah. agamigyanti
bhikgavo mamatyayac caityaparicarakaS caityavandakas ta evam va)k?(ya)nti:
iha Bhagav(a)m (jatah iha Bhagavan anuttaram samyaksambodhim abhisairi-
buddhah iha Bhagavata triparivartam dvadaSakaram dharmyam dharmacakram
pravartitam iha Bhagavan anupadhi§e?e nirvanadhatau parinirvr)tah atran-
tara ye kecit prasannaeittS mamantike kSlam kari?yanti te sarve4 svargopaga
ye (kecit sopadhi6e?ah).
1. W. “harSya, but cf. his note; °ra-ta seems to be the regular term. 2. ? so W.; ms.
bhadanta, then lacuna of one syllable; I suspect the restoration because it is inconsistent
with the parallel ayu$mad (without iti) va. 3. so one ms.; v.l. jata. 4. parallel below
(see next note) transposes sarve te.
34
DEATH OF THE BUDDHA 35
apar(am) catvarah prthivlpradesa sraddhasya kulaputrasy(a ku)laduhitur
va yavajjlvam abhigamaniya bhavanti katame catvara iha (etc .)5
tatra Bhagavam bhik§un aman(t)rayati6prcchata bhik§avo ma vidharayata7
yasya syat kanksa va vimatir va buddhe va dharme va samghe va dutiklie va
samudaye va nirodhe va marge va sa prasnenaham vyakaranena. syat khalu
yusmakam evam katham vayam sastaram asadyasadya pratimantrayisyamo
na khalv evam dragtavyam bhik(§u)r (bh)ik$o(r aroca)yata(m) sahayakali
sahayakasya sa prasnenaham vyakaranena. athayusman Anando Bhagavantam
idam avocat yatha khalv aham bhadanta Bh(agavato bhasitasyartha)m (a)j-
(an)ami nasti kaScid asyam pari^adi ekabhiksur api yasya syat kanksa va vima­
tir va purvavad yavam8 marge va sadhu sadhv Ananda prasadena tvam evam
vadasi ta(thagatasya tv an)uttare jnanadarsanam pravartate: yavantah khalu
bhiksava asyam pari§adi samnisannas samnipatita nasti kascid atra ekabhiksur
api y (asya) syat kanksa va vimatir va purvavad yavam8marge va api tu kara-
nlyam etat tathagatena yathapi tat9 pascimam janatam anukampamanah.10
atha Bhagav(an svakayad11 uttarasangam ekan)te vivrtya bhik§un aman-
trayati6 avalokayata bhik§avas tathagatasya kayam vyavalokayata bhiksavas
tathagatasya kayam tat kasmad dhetor durlabhadarsana y(asmat tathagata)
arhantah samyaksambuddhas tadyatha udumbare puspam. anga bhiksavas
tusnlm bhavata vyayadharmah sarvasamskara iyam tatra tathagatasya pascima
(vaca).
(tad) uktva Bhagavam prathamam dhyanam samapannah prathamad
dhyanad vyutth(aya dvitlyam dhyanam samapannah dvitlyad dhyanad
vyutthaya trtlyam dhyanam samapannah trtlyad dhyanad vyutthaya catur-
tham dhyanam samapannah caturthad dhyanad vyutthayakasanantyayatanam
sam)apannah a (kaSanantyayatanad vyutthaya vijnananantyayatanam sama­
pannah vijnananantyayatanad vyutthayakincanyayatanam) samapann(ah a)-
k(i)ncanyayatan(ad vyutthaya naivasam)jn(a)nasa(m)jn(ayatanam samapan­
nah naivasamjnanasamjnayatanad vyutthaya samjnave)dayitanirodha(m) s(a-
mapannah.)
(a)thayu?man (Ananda a)yusmant(am Aniruddham idam avocat parinirvrta
ayn§mann Aniruddha Bhagavan naivam ayu?mann Ananda samjnavedayita-
nirodham sa)mapan(no buddho bhagavan sammukham ma ayu?mann Anirud-
dhalla Bhagavato ’ntikac chrutam sammukham udgrhltam caturtham dhyanam
5. repetition, as above, except as in n. 4;
are largely filled from this place, confirming Tib. 6. so mss., here and regularly; W. always
em. °te. 7. BR s.v. dhar with vi, 2; Tib. dgag pa, fstop (trans.), hinder’. 8. another ms.
seems to have repeated the phrase in full. 9. D. yathapi (1). 10. Showing compassion
to people of later times’ (W., Ueberlieferung vom Lebensende des Buddha, 246 f. and n. 57).
XI. so Tib.; in at least one of the two mss. the lacuna is too short to have contained this
word. The probable original significance of this action, and of the Buddha’s last words
(which are paralleled, but unmotivated, in Pali), was, in my opinion, successfully made
clear by W. (see reference in his note); Buddha reveals his own body, with its signs of old
age, to impress on the monks the transitoriness of all conditioned states. It is true that this
is not clearly stated in any version; after the Buddha had become a supernatural being to
his followers, the original motivation became repugnant, and was replaced by a reference
to the rare chance of beholding a Buddha; this seems to me (with W.) clearly secondary.
11a. so clearly Tib.; and Chin, makes Snanda the speaker of this sentence, which is not in
36 MAHAPARINIRVANASUTRA
samapya cakgu^manta aninjyam12 santim samapanna buddha Bhagavantah
pa)r(i)n(i)rvanti.
atha Bhagav(an samj naveday itanirodhad vyutthaya naivasamj nanasam-
jnayatanam samapannah naiva)sa(m)jn(a)n(asamj)n(ayatanad vyutthayakin-
canyayatanam samapannah akincanyayatanad vyutthaya vij nananantyaya-
tanam samapannab vij nanananty)ayatanad vyutth (ayakasanantyayatanam
samapannah akasanantyayatanad vyutthaya caturtham dhyanam samapannah
caturthad dhyanad vyutthaya trtlyam dhya)nam sama(pannah trtlyad dhyanad
vyutthaya dvitlyam dhyanam samapannah dvitxyad dhyanad vyutthaya
prathamam dhyanam samapannah prathamad dhyanad vyutthaya dvitlyam
dhyanam samapannah d)v(i)t(i)ya(d) dhy(a)n(ad vyutthaya trtiyam dhyanam
samapannah trtlyad dhyanad vyutthaya caturtham dhyanam samapannah
caturtham dhyanam samapya cakgusman aninjyam12 santim) samapanno bud-
(dh)o (Bhagavan parinirvrtah).
the Pali. 12. read so, or anijyam with Av ii.199.5, for W. aninjyaip; the form is an adj. with
santim.
 12
Edifying Stanzas from the Udanavarga

See §§1.42, 43. A = Chakravarti’s oldest and best (fragmentary) ms.; B = any of his
later (also fragmentary) mss.; Ch. —Chakravarti; P = Pali versions of the stanzas (refer­
ences in Ch.). All mss. seem to be from Central Asia. Text follows A, except as noted, when
it exists; lacunae in A are indicated by parentheses, which follow B unless the contrary is
stated. Otherwise B’s readings are cited only sporadically.
iv.l (apramado),mrtapadam pramado1 mrtyun(ah) padam
apramatta na mriyante ye pra(matta yatha mrtah2)
1. A °da. 2. ? so P (mata); B sada for yatha; Dutreuil yadha.
iv.18 evam dharmad apakramya adharmam anuvartiya1
balo mrtyuvaSam2 prapta3 ak(sacchinno va dhyayate4)
1. A °yah; B °vartya ca; P anuvattiya. 2. B, P -mukhaiii for -vaSam. 3. so A, B;
P patto. 4. P (SN) akkhacchinno va jhayati; B chinnak?a iva locate (P Miln. 67.2 also
socati; but in iv.17 A dhyayate, like P jhayati, against B locate).
vii.5 kayena kusalam kuryad (vacasa kusalam) bahum1
manasa kusalam kuryad apramanam niropadhim2
1. A bahuip. (§12.30, end); B bahu. 2. B niraup0; D.
vii.6 kayena kuSalam krtva vaca hi atha (manasa1)
(iha catha) paratram ca2 sukham so adhigacchati
1. so I would venture to read (m.c. for manasa); see §3.11; Ch. suggests cetasa, but
manas is the regular word in this connection, and B’s altered reading, vacasa manasapi
ca, supports it. The vs is unknown elsewhere. 2. B paratrasau; D.
vii.7 kaye(na samvarah sadhu) sadhu vaca hi1 samvarah
manasa samvarah sadhu sadhu sarvatra samvarah
sarvatra samvrto bhikguh (sarvaduhkha pramucyate)
1. B ca; even A here has Sanskritized and patched the meter, independently of B, be it
noted; both go back to P vac&ya.
vii.10 ahinsaka vai munayo nityam vacaya samvrtab1
te yanti acyutasthanam2 yatra gatva na So(cati)
1. cf. §8.83, but perhaps read °tah; B vaca susaqivj-tah. 2. B acyutaip. sth°.
vii.12 vacanurak§I manasa susamvrtah
kayena ca akuSalam1 na kuryat
etais2 trayam3 karmapatha(m viSodhayed4
aradhaye)n margam r^ipraveditam5
1. m.c., §§3.6,11, for A ca (co also possible) aku°; P ca akus0; B caivaku0 (patchword).
2. A etes; B etaiji; P ete (perhaps read so? but instr. seems possible). 3. B lubham; P
tayo. 4. B °yen n-; P visodhaye. 5. so B; A °vediti.
38 KJ JLJ - tx J.X A V A X \ i U A

viii.l abhutavadir1 narakam2 upaiti

ya§ capi krtva na karoti aha
ubhav ato8 pretya samau bhavanti
nihlna(karma4 manuja paratra)
1. cf. §10.32; here a masc. in-stem; B °dl. 2. = °kan (so B); §8.90. 3. A atau (Ch.
‘lire etau’, unmetr.); B ubhau hi tau; P ubho pi te; both these, and the ms. reading of A,
seem to be secondary attractions to the adjoining dual forms. 4. B vihlnadharma; P
nihinakamma.
viii.2 (purusa)sya hi jatasya kutharl1 jayate mukhe
ya(ya chindati)2 atmanam vaca durbhasitam (vadan3)
1. A °ri (metr. bad). 2. so P; B taya chinatti (hatmanarp). 3. P bhanain*
viii.12 tarn eva vacam bhapeya1 yayatmanam na tapayet
paran2 ca na vihinseya1 sa vai vaca su(bha$ita3)
1. B °eta. 2. B paraipg. 3. B (one ms.) vak sadhu bha°.
x.5 graddhaya tarate ogham apramadena arnavam1
vlryena duhkha(m atyeti2 prajnaya3 parisudhyate)
1. D.;Bcarn°. 2. PdukkhamaccetijBtyajateduhkham. 3. B prajnaya; P paimaya.
x.15 dhiram tu (?) prajnam1 seveya2 hradam va udakarthikah3
acchodakam viprasannam Sltlbhutam4 anavilaip.
1. so B; A prajnarn. 2. B °eta. 3. B yadvaj jalarthikah. 4. or filti°; A 6ftirbh°;D.
xi.l chindhi srotah parakramya1 kamam pranuda brahmana
naprahaya2 munih kaman ekatvam adhigacchati
1.so both A and B; §35.12. 2. so B; A napprahaya = Pali nappahaya (and perh. to
be kept; §§4.21, 22).
xi.3 (yat ki)ncic chithilam1 karmam samkili^ta1 va2 yat3 tapah
apariSuddham brahmacaryam4 na tad bhavati5 sukhavaha1
1. perh. em. -aipL, but cf. §8.38. 2. m.c. for va; B sarjiklistaip. vapi (patchword). 3.
A yas. 4. A brahma0, 5. pron. bhoti.
xi.5 §aro yatha sugphito na hastam avakartati1
Sramanyam suparamr?tam nirvanasyaiva santike2
1. A ava°; §28.40; B apakyntati. 2. B santike.
xi.7 kathan careya §ramanye cittan ca na nivarayet
pade-pade vigldantah sain.kalpanarix1 vaSam gatafe2
1- §8.121; B °nai*i. 2. B also gata.
xi.9 ka (§)a(ya)kantha bahavah papadharma asamyatah
papal?. papehi karmehi1 ito gacchati du(rgatim)
1. B (hi) karmabhih pSpair.
ED IFY IN G STANZAS ay
xi.10 (yo sav a)tyantaduh§Ilah salam va1 maluv’ otata2
kar(oty asau tatha)tmanam yathainam dvisa-d3-icchati
1. m.c. for va = iva. 2. prob. read °tar?i; §1.43. 3. §§4.64; 18.78.
xi.ll sthero na tavata bhavati yavata palitam sirah
paripakvam va(yas tasya mohajlrno) ti1 ucyate
1. B mohajlrnah sa; P moghajinno ti.
xi.12 yas tu punyaii ca papan ca vahetva brahmacaryavan1
viSrenlkrtva ca(rat)i (sa) vai sthero ti ucyate
1. A brahmacar0.
xii.2 uddhatam1 raja vatena yatha meghena samyate
evam samyante samkalpa yada prajnaya2 pasyati
1. D. (read ud°?). 2. m.c., for A, B prajnaya; P pannaya; in B change in order recti­
fies meter.
xii.4 marganastangikah1 Sresthah satyanam1 cature1 padah
viragah Srestha dharmanam dvipadan(am ca caksumam2)
1. §1.43. 2. Pali cakkhuma; B caksusmam dvipade?u ca; perh. read dvipadanain.
xii.5 (sarve samska)r’ anityeti1 yada prajnaya2 paSyati
atha nirvindate3 duhkhad esa margo visuddhaye
1. P sabbe sarjikhara anicca ti; B anitya sarvasamskara. 2. §1.43. 3. B nirvidyate;
P nibbindati.
xii.6 sarvam anitya duhkhantam, and 7 sarvafm?] duhkham anatmam
hi (the rest as in 5)
xv.8 jagaryam1 anuyuktasya ahoratranusiksinah
amrtam anuyuktasya astamgacchanti asravah
1. D.
xvi.2 vyayamet tava puruso yavad (artha)sya ni^padah1)
paSyamy aham tathatmanam yatha icchet tatha bhavet
1. D. ni§pad.
xvi.4 alajjitavye lajjanti lajjitavye alajjita
abhaye bhayadarsavl1 bhaye cabhayadarSi(nah)
(mithyadrstisamadanat) sattva gacchanti durgatim
1. n. pi. (§10.181); B °darSino, and even P °dassino (secondary to BHS).
xvi.15 Suddhasya hi sada phalgu Suddhasya posathain sada
(suddhasya Sucikarmasya1 ni)ty(am) sampadyate v(ra)t(am)
1. P suddhassa sucikammassa.
40 UDANAVARGA
xvi.23 na.garfl,m asthiprakaram mamsasonitalepanam
yatra ragai ca dosas1 ca manamraksah pragahati
1. D.; or dvesaS; A desas (not in B or P).
xvii.3 (acaritva1) brahmacaryam2 alabdhva yauvane dhanam
jimakraufica3 va dhySyante alpamatsye va palvare4
1. P. 2. A brahmacar0. 3. A °kraujam; possibly (with Ch.) cf. §2.28, but prob. mere
corruption. 4. D., and §2.49.
x*vii.5, 6 nalpamanyeta papasya (6 punyasya) na me tam agamisya(ti)
(u)dabindunipatena mahakumbho va puryati
puryati balo papena (6 dhlrah punyena) stokastokam pi acinam1
1. so with P (Dhp. 121, where the var. °nam is negligible; wrongly PTSD); D. acinati;
A (unmetr.) acinaiji.
xvii.9 (kim ku)ryad1 udapanena apa§ ca sarvato bhavet
trsnaya mulam chittva hi (kasya paryesanam caret1)
1. with Divy 56.13 (and P); not in B.
xviii.4 yavad1 vanata na chidyate
anumatram api2 narasya jnatisu
pratibaddhamano (va3) tava (so3)
vatso4 k§Irapako va matar(am)
Vaitallya meter. 1. first syllable long, for two shorts. 2. P pi, but text may stand;
-tram a- two shorts for a long. 3. P (metr.); B sa tatra vai. 4. A vatsa (unmetr.); P
vaccho; first syllable, as n. 1.
xviii.14 (cf. 15) puspany eva1 pracinvantam vya(saktama)nasam2 naram
suptam g(rama)m mahaugho va mftyur adaya gacchati
1. A adds hi (unmetr.); B text. 2. B °ktah mana0; P vyasattamanasaip (metr. better).
xix.l aSvo yatha bhadra kaSabhi spr(?to1)
(atapinah samvijitag carantah2)
(sra)ddhaya sllena ca viryavams3 tatha
samadhina dharmaviniScayena
sampannavidyacaranam4 pratismptam4
prahasate5 sarvabhavani tadr§ah6
1. my conjecture. 2. with xix.2 b (°jita§, error). 3. n. pi., §18.88. 4. n. pi., §8.85.
5. §31.27; pi. subject, §25.18. 6. D.
xix.3 (yasyendriyani1) samatan2 gatani3
a§vo yatha sarathina sudantah
prahlnakrodhasya-m-anasravasya4
devapi tasya5 sprhayanti tadfnah
1. P yass’ ind°. 2, Skt. samatSm (not Sama0 with Ch.). 3. P, for A gatadi. 4.
§4.59. 5. m.c. (§§3.7, 8.58) for tasya, Pali tassa; B tasmai (with lacuna incl, tadynah,
on which see D,)
EDIFYING STANZAS 41
xix.7 yo asvavaram damayed ajaneyam1 va saindhavam
kunjaram va mahanagam atmadantas tato varalj
1. A °yan.
xix.12 atmanam1 eva damayed asva2 bhadram va sarathih
atmS1 hi atmana3 dantah smrtimam duhkhaparaga
1. §3.35. 2. A aSva (?); read with B aSvam? 3. A °naip.
xx.l krodham jahed viprajaheya manarn
samyojanam sa(rvam atikrameya1)
(tam namarapa)smin asajjamanam
akificanam nanupatanti sangah2
1. B °meta; P atikkameyya. 2. A sa&gah (misprint?); lacuna in B; P dukkha.
xx.2 krodham jahed utpatitam raga1 jatam nivarayet
avidya prajahe dhlrah satyabhisamayo2 sukham
1. °garp (P)? 2. A, B °yena (unmetr.); P °yo sukho.
xx.3 krodham hi(tva sukham Sete krodham hitva na socati)
krodhasya visamtila(sya madhuragra)sya brahmanah1
vadham arya prasamsati2 tam nihatva (na) so(cati)
1. P °na; B bhik?avah. 2. B, P °anti (better meter, perh. read so; in that case, how­
ever, read brahmana with P and understand arya as n. pi. as B, P (not voc.).
xxi.4 (na me acarya)k(o)1 asti sadr^o me na vidyate
eko smi loke sambuddhah ^itibhuto2 smi nirvrtab
1. ? so the remnants of A suggest; no precise parallel; closest is Pali Vin. i.8.21 na me
acariyo atthi; Mv iii.326.11 na me acaryo asti (read sti) kaicit; B, much like LV 405.20,
acaryo me na vai (LV na hi me) kaScit. 2. or §iti°; A litir0; P siti0; LV 405.21 £ltl°, v.l.
fiiti0; pada d different in B and Mv (where note readings of mss.).
 13
The Lost Heir

Saddharmapundarlka, Chapter IV: KN 100-120. In the notes to the two selections

from SP, I cite all changes (except a few corrections of simple and obvious misprints)
from KN = Kern-Nanjio’s ed.; WT refers to Wogihara-Tsuchida’s ed.; 0 = readings from
fragments of the Kashgar recension, cited in KN’s critical notes; K' = a (Nepalese) ms.
cited by WT (of which I was able to consult a photostat, but only after my work was com­
pleted, so that I have few independent citations; WT did not make full use of it; it is care­
lessly written, especially in that it frequently omits the stroke above the line for e or o,
so that a often means e, and a means o). In general, 0 readings are more non-Sanskritic,
and therefore closer to the original, than the other (Nep.) mss.; but see §1.40. For this
reason, other things being equal, I regularly adopt them. But it often happens that read­
ings cited by KN from 0 are irreconcilable (because incompletely cited), in meter or sense,
with the context; I have had to ignore these. It is obvious that KN undertook to San-
skritize the samdhi thruout. In other respects, too, their ed. and critical notes are extremely
unreliable (§1.74). A careful collation of the mss. would certainly make possible a much
better edition than what follows, which is, nevertheless, I think I can say, at least an im­
provement over existing editions.
atha khalv ayusman Subhutir ayu§mams ca Mahakatyayana ayu^mams ea
Mahakasyapa ayusmam§ ca Mahamaudgalyayana imam evamrupam aSruta-
purvam dharmam Srutva Bhagavato ’ntikat sammukham ayu$mata§ ca Sari-
putrasya vyakaranam srutvanuttarayam samyaksambodhav ascaryaprapta
adbhutaprapta audbilyapraptas tasyam velayam utthayasanebhyo yena
Bhagavams tenopasamkraml upasamkramitva1 ekamsam uttarasangani2 krtva
dak§inani2 janumandalani2 prthivyam pratisthapya yena Bhagavams tenan-
jalim pranamayitva Bhagavantam abhimukham ullokayamana avanatakaya
vinatakayah3 pranatakayas tasyam velayam Bhagavantam etad avocan: vayam
hi Bhagavan jlrna vrddha mahallaka asmin bhik§usamghe sthavirasammata
jarajirnlbhuta nirvanapraptah sma iti Bhagavan nirudyama4 anuttarayam sam­
yaksambodhav apratibalah smaprativfryarambhah sma. yadapi Bhagavan dhar­
mam deSayati ciramni§anna§ ca Bhagavan bhavati vayam ca tasyam dhar-
made§anayam pratyupasthita bhavamafr, tadapy asmakam Bhagavan
ciramni§annanam Bhagavantam ciramparyupasitanam angapratyangani dub-
khanti samdhivisamdhayaS ca dubkhanti. tato vayam Bhagavan Bhagavato
dharmam de§ayamanasya gunyatanimittapramhitam sarvam manasikaroma5
nasmabhir esu buddhadharme§u buddhakgetravyuhe§u va bodhisattvavi-
kridite§u va tathagatavikridite^u va sprhotpadita. tat kasya hetoh. yac casmad
Bhagavams traidhatukan nirdhavita nirvanasamjnino vayam ca jarabhibhuta.6
tato Bhagavann asmabhir apy anye bodhisattva avavadita abhuvann anut-
1. 0, for tenopasamkramann upasarpkramya(ikarpisam). O cited °kraml pasaijikr0,
which perhaps should be adopted (§4.16), tho this sagidhi is rare in prose. 2. mss.; edd.
°aip. for °ani. 3. v.l., incl. O, with Tib. (rnam par), for abhinata0. 4. O cited as °yamah;
D. udyama; for °udyama, scantily supported; most mss. nirutsuka. 5. O, for avigkurmo.
6. O, for jarajirn&h.
42
THE LOST HEIR 43
tarayam samyaksambodhav anuSistaS ca na ca Bhagavams tatrasmabhir ekam
api sprhacittam utpaditam abhut. te vayam Bhagavann etarhi Bhagavato
’ntikac chravakanam api vyakaranam anuttarayam samyaksambodhau bha-
vatlti srutvascaryadbhutaprapta mahalabhapraptah sma Bhagavann adya
sahasaivemam evamrupam agrutapurvam tathagatagho^am Srutva maharatna-
pratilabdhas casma7 Bhagavann aprameyaratnapratilabdhas casma.7 Bhagavann
amargitam aparyesitam8 acintitam aprarthitam casmabhir Bhagavann idam
evamrupam maharatnam pratilabdham. pratibhati no Bhagavan pratibhati
nah sugata.
tadyathapi nama Bhagavan ka&cid eva purusah pituh santikad apakramet9
so 'pakramyanyataram janapadapradesam gacchet. sa tatra bahuni varsani
vipravased vimsatim va trimSad va catvarimsad va pancasad va. atha sa Bha­
gavan mahan puruso bhavet sa ca daridrah syat sa10 vrttim paryesamana
aharacivarahetor diso vidi§ahn prakramann anyataram janapadaprade&am
gacchet. tasya ca sa pitanyam12 janapadam prakrantah syad bahudhanahira-
nyakosakosthagaraS13 ca bhaved bahusuvarnarupyamanimuktavaiduryaSankha-
Silapravadaj ataruparajatasamanvagataS ca bhaved bahudasidasakarmakara-
pauruseyaS ca bhaved bahuhastya§varathagavedakasamanvagata§ ca bhavet.
mahaparivaraS ca bhaven mahaj anapadesu ca dhanikah syad ayogaprayo-
gakrsivamjyaprabhutaS ca bhavet, atha khalu Bhagavan sa daridrapurusa
aharacivaraparyestihetor gramanagaranigamajanapadarastrarajadhanisv anu-
hindamano14 ’nupurvena yatrasau puru?o bahudhanahiranyasuvarnako^akos-
thagaras tasyaiva pita vasati tan nagaram anuprapto bhavet. atha khalu
Bhagavan sa daridrapuru§asya pita bahudhanahiranyakosakosthagaras tasmin
nagare vasamanas tarn paficaSadvarsana^tam putram satatasamitam anusmaret
samanusmaramanaS ca na kasyacid acakgeyad15 anyatraika evatmanadhyat-
mam samtapyed evam ca cintayet: aham asmi jirno vj-ddho mahallakah pra~
bhutam me hiranyasuvarnadhanadhanyakosakosthagaram samvidyate na ca
me putrah kaScid asti. ma haiva mama kalakriya bhavet sarvam idam apari-
bhuktam vina&yet. sa tam punah-punah putram anusmaret: aho namaham
nirvrtiprapto bhuyam15* yadi me sa putra imam dhanaskandham paribhufijita.
atha khalu Bhagavan sa daridrapurusa aharaclvaram parye§amano ’nupurvena
yena tasya prabhutahiranyasuvarnadhanadhanyako&akosthagarasya16 nive-
Sanam tenopasamkramet. atha khalu Bhagavan sa tasya daridrapurusasya
pita svake niveSanadvare mahatya brahmanak?atriyagrhapatipari?ada1T pari-
vrtah puraskrto mahasimhasane sapadaplthe suvarnarupyapratimandita upa-
vi§to hiranyakotiSatasahasrair vyavaharam kurvan valavyajanena vijyamano
vitatavitane ppthivipradeSe muktakusumabhikirne ratnadamabhipralambite
mahatyarddhyopavi§tah syat. adrak§it sa Bhagavan daridrapuru§as tam
svakam pitaram svake niveSanadvara evamrupayarddhyopavistam mahata
janakayena parivrtam grhapatikrtyam kurvanam. dr§tva ca punar bhitas
7. mss., for ca sma. 8. 0, for aparye§tam. 9. 0, for antikad apa
kramet. 10. edd. add ca, with a single Nep. ms. 11. WT with some mss. for (em.) daSa
■
diiSah. 12. v.l. incl. O, for °nyatamani. 13. edd. add dhanya after dhana, with one Nep.
ms. 14. O, see D. 15. 0, for Scak^ed. 15a. §29.43. 16. edd. add samj-ddhasya purugasya,
with scant ms. support. 17. gphapati v.l. incl. 0, for vitchtldra (2 mss.).
44 b AJJJJHAJX1V1 Air* U INI V A R I K A

trastah samvignah samhrstaromakupaj ata udvignamanasa evam cintayam18

asa: sahasaivayain maya raja va rajamatro vasadito nasty asmakam iha kimcit
karma, gacchamo vayam, yena daridravlthl tatrasmakam aharaclvaram al-
pakfcchrenaivotpatsyate. alam me ciram vilambitena, ma haivaham iha vai-
Stiko19 va grhyeyanyataram va dosam anuprapnuyam. atha khalu Bhagavan
sa daridrapuruso duhkhaparamparamanasikarabhayabhltas tvaramanah pra-
kramet palayen na tatra samtisthet. atha khalu Bhagavan sa adhyah puru^ah
svake niveSanadvare simhasana upavistas tarn svakam putram saha
darSanenaiva pratyabhijanlyat. dpstva ca punas tusta udagra attamanah20
pramuditah prltisaumanasyajato bhaved evam ca cintayet: aScaryam21 yatra
hi namemasya22 mahato hiranyasuvarnadhanadhanyakosakosthagarasya pari-
bhoktopalabdhah. aham caitam eva punah-punah samanusmarami, ayam ca
svayam evehagatah. aham ca jlrno vrddho mahallakah.
atha khalu Bhagavan sa purusah putratrsnaya23 sampxditas tasmin samaye24
tasmin ksane26 lavamuhurte javanan26 purusan sampresayet: gacchata marsa
etam purugam gighram anayadhvam. atha khalu Bhagavams te purusah sarva
eva javena pradhavitva27 tam daridrapurusam adhyalambeyub. atha khalu
Bhagavan sa daridrapurusas tasyam velayam bhltas trastah samvignah sam-
hrsitaromakupaj ata28 udvignamana29 darunam artasvaram munced araved
viraven30 naham yusmakam kimcid aparadhyamiti31 vacam bhaseta. atha
khalu te purusa balatkarena tain daridrapurusam viravantam apy akargeyuh.
atha khalu sa daridrapuruso bhltas trastah samudvignamana32evam ca cintayet:
ma tavad aham vadhyo dandyo bhaveyam naSyamlti sa murcchito dharanyam
prapated visamjnaS ca bhaved33 asanne casya sa pita bhavet. sa tan purusan
evam vadet: ma bhavanta evam34 purusam anayantv iti tam evam36 Sitalena
varina parisincitva na bhuya alapet. tat kasya hetofr. janati sa grhapatis tasya
daridrapurusasya hlnadhimuktikatam atmanaS codarasthamatam janlte ca:
svava§agata§ ca me e§a36 putra iti. atha khalu Bhagavan sa grhapatir upa-
yakauSalyena na kasyacid acaksen mamaisa putra iti. atha khalu Bhagavan
sa grhapatir anyataram purusam amantrayet: gaccha tvam bhoh purusa,
enaip daridrapurusam evani vadasva, gaccha tvam bhob puruga yenakankgasi
mukto ’si. evam vadati sa purusas tasmai pratiSrutya yena sa daridrapurusas
tenopasamkramed upasamkramya tain daridrapurusam evam vadet: gaccha
tvam bhoh purusa yenakanksasi mukto ’si.37 atha khalu sa daridrapurusa
idam vacananx grutvaScaryaprapto38 bhavet. sa utthaya tasmat prthiviprade§ad
yena daridravlthl tenopasamkramed aharaclvaraparyestihetoh. atha khalu sa
grhapatis tasya daridrapurusasyakarsanahetor upayakauSalyam prayojayet. sa
tatra dvau purusau prayojayed durvarnav alpaujaskau: gacchantu39 bhavantau
18. v.l. incl. O,
for anuvicint0. 19. or with 0 vi§fcIkarako. 20. v.l. incl. 0, for °manaskah. 21. so v.l.
incl. 0; edd. add ySvad. 22. 0 (§21.62), for nSmSsya. 23. 0 (§9.48) for trsnS,-. 24. v.l,
incl. 0; edd. om. ta° sa°. 25. v.l. incl. 0, for k§ana-. 26. so edd. with O, but Nep. mss.
javin&n, this time non-Sktic and perh. to be read (D.); cf. §1.40, 27. WT with K', for
°vitas. 28. mss., for (em.) saiph^a0. 29. v.l. incl. 0, for °m&naso. 30. mss., for (em.)
°vet plus danda. 31. WT with K ', for °radhyam iti. 32. O, for saijivigna udvignamanasa.
33.0, for (em.) sy&d. 34. WT with v.l. for etaip. 35. WT with K' for enaqi, 36. sva° . . .
e?a 0, for mamai§a. 37. for (2 mss.) ’slti. 38.0,for °$caryadbhutaprapto. 39.0,for (em.)
gacchataip. (Nep. mss. mostly °ta).
THE LOST HEIR 45
yo ’sau purusa ihagato Jbhut, tam yuvam dvigunaya divasamudrayatmava-
canenaiva bharitva anayatha iha40 mama nivesane karma karapanaya.41 sacet
sa evam vadet kim karma kartavyam iti sa yuvabhyam evam vaktavyah
samkaradhanam Sodhayitavyam sahavabhyam iti. atha tau purusau tam
daridrapurusam parye§ayitva taya kriyaya sampadayetam. atha khalu tau
dvau purusau sa ca daridrapurugo vetanam grhltva tasya mahadhanasya
purusasyantikat tasminn eva nive&ane samkaradhanam sodhayeyuh. tasyaiva
ca mahadhanasya purusasya grhaparisare katapalikuncikayam vasam kal-
payeyuh. sa cadhyah puruso gavaksavatayanena tam svakam putram paSyet
samkaradhanam Sodhayamanam. drstva ca punar ascaryaprapto bhavet.
atha khalu sa grhapatih svakan nivesanad avat Iryapanamayitva42 malya-
bharanany apanayitva mrdukani vastrani cauksany udarani malinani vastrani
pravrtya daksinena panina pitakam parigrhya pamsuna svagatram dusayitva
durata eva sambhasamano43 yena sa daridrapurusas tenopasamkramed upa-
samkramyaivam vadet: vahantu bhavantah pitakani ma ti^thata harata pam-
suni. anenopayena tam putram alapet samlapec cainam vadet: ihaiva tvam44
purusa karma kurusva ma bhuyo ’nyatra gamisyasi. savisesam te ’ham vetana-
kam dasyami. yena-yena ca te karyam bhavet tad viSrabdham mam yacer
yadi va kundamulyena yadi va kundikamulyena yadi va cotakambalena45 yadi
va kasthamulyena yadi va lavanamulyena yadi va sthallmulyena46 yadi va pra-
varanena. asti me bhoh purusa jirnasat-I. sacet taya te karyam syad yacer
aham te ?nupradasyami. yena-yena te bhoh purusa karyam evamrupena
pariskarena tam-tam evaham te sarvam anupradasyami. nirvrtas tvam bhoh
purusa bhava yadrsas te pita tadrSas te ’ham mantavyah. tat kasya hetoh.
aham ca vrddhas tvam ca daharo mama ca tvaya bahu karma krtam imam
samkaradhanam Sodhayata na ca tvaya bhoh purusatra karma kurvata §athyam
va vakrata va kautilyam va mano va mrakso va krtapurvah karosi va. sarvatha
te bhoh purusa na samanupa&yamy ekam api papakarma yathaisam anyesam
purusanam karma kurvatam ime dosah samvidyante. yadrso me putra aurasas
tadr&as tvam mamadyagrena bhavasi. atha khalu Bhagavan sa grhapatis tasya
daridrapurusasya putra iti nama kuryat sa ca daridrapurusas tasya grhapater
antike pitrsamjnam utpadayet. anena Bhagavan paryayena sa grhapatih
putrakamatrsito vimsativarsani tam putram samkaradhanam Sodhapayet.
atha vimsatmam47 varsanam atyayena sa daridrapurusas tasya grhapater
nivesane vi§rambhiko48 bhaven niskramanapravese tatraiva ca katapalikufici-
kayam vasam kalpayet.
atha khalu Bhagavams tasya grhapater glanyam pratyupasthitam bhavet
sa maranakalasamayam catmanah pratyupasthitam samanupa&yet. sa tam
daridrapurusam evam vadet: agaccha tvam bhoh purusedam49 mama pra-
bhutam hiranyasuvarnadhanadhanyakosakosthagaram asty aham badhaglana
40. O, for bharayitveha. 41. 0 (infin.; §36.15), for
(em.) °payetham. 42. after avatlrya, O inserts, samkaradusita-(printed °pita-)gatrasya
mulam upasamkramati, which perhaps should be accepted; O apanamayitvS, for (a)pana-
yitva. 43. WT with K', for °§ayamano; Tib. smra zhin, speaking’; 0 saipkramayamano.
44. edd. add bhoh with 1 ms. 45. 0, for sthalika-(mss. mostly °ka-) mulyena. 46. O, for
bhoj anena. 47. all mss. but one, for °ter. 48. 0 (visra°), for vigrabdho. 49. 0, for pu­
rusa, idam.
icchamy etam50 yasya datavyam yataS ca grahltavyam yac ca nidhatavyam
bhavet sarvam samjanlyafe. tat kasya hetoh. yadrsa evaham asya dravyasya
svami tadrsas tvam api ma ca me tvam kimcid ato vipranaseyasiti.51 atha
khalu Bhagavan sa daridrapuruso ’nena paryayena tac ca tasya grhapateh
prabhutam hiranyasuvarnadhanadhanyakosakosthagaram samjanlyad atmana
ca tato nihsprho bhaven na ca tasmat kimcit prarthayed antasah saktuprastha-
mulyamatram api tatraiva ca katapalikuncikayam vasam kalpayet tam eva
daridracintam anuvicintayamanah. atha khalu Bhagavan sa grhapatis tam
putram Saktam paripalakam paripakvam81a viditvavamarditacittam udara-
samjnaya ca paurvikaya daridracintayartlyantam52 jehrlyamanam jugup-
samanam viditva maranakalasamaye pratyupasthite tam daridrapurusam
anayitva63 mahato jfiatisamghasyopanamayitva raj no va rajamatrasya va
purato naigamajanapadanam ca sammukham evam samsravayet: Srnvantu
bhavanto ’y&m mama putra auraso mayaiva janitah. amukam nama nagaram
tasmad e§a pancaSadvariso nastah. amuko namai$a namnaham apy amuko
nama. tataS caham nagarad etam eva margamana ihagatah. e$a mama putro
’ham asya pita, yah kaScin mamopabhogo Jsti tam sarvam asmai purusaya
niryatayami yac ca me kiincid asti pratyatmakam dhanam tat sarvam esa eva
janati. atha khalu Bhagavan sa daridrapurugas tasmin samaya imam evamrupam
ghosam Srutvascaryadbhutaprapto bhaved evam ca vicintayet sahasaiva
mayedam eva tavad dhiranyasuvarnadhanadhanyakoSakosthagaram prati-
labdham iti.
evam eva Bhagavan vayam tathagatasya putrapratirupakas tathagataS
casmakam evam vadati putra mama yuyam iti yatha sa grhapatib- vayam
ca Bhagavams tisrbhir duhkhatabhih sampldita aslt.54 katamabhis tisrbhir
yad uta duhkhaduhkhataya samskaraduhkhataya viparinamaduhkhataya ca
samsare ca hlnadhimuktikali. tato vayam Bhagavata bahun dharman pratya-
varan samkaradhanasadrSan anuvicintayitah.54* te$u casma prayukta gha{a-
mana vyayacchamana nirvanamatram ca vayam Bhagavan divasamudram iva
parye§amana margamah. tena ca vayaip. Bhagavan nirvanena pratilabdhena
tugta bhavamo bahu ca labdham iti manyamahe tathagatasyantikad e?u dhar-
me$v abhiyojitva55 ghatitva vyayamitva. janati56 ca tathagato ’smakam hl-
nadhimuktikatam jfiatva casmakam tathagata upek?ati na sainbhindati57
naca§te yo ’yarn tathagatasya jnanakoSa e§a eva yu§makam bhavi$yatiti.
Bhagavams casmakam upayakauSalyenasmims tathagataj nanakoSe dayadan
samsthapayati.58 nihsprhai ca vayaip. Bhagavams tata69 evam janlma etad
evasmakam bahukaram yad vayarti tathagatasyantikad divasamudram iva
nirvanam pratilabhamahe. te vayain Bhagavan bodhisattvanam mahasattva-
nam tathagatajnanadari§anam arabhyodaram dharmadeSanam kurmas tatha-
50. (etat.) 51. 0 (§29.37), for °gayi§yasi. 51a. 0 paripalana-samarthaip.;
perh. read so. 62. D. ar(t)tiyati. 53. mss., for an&yya. 54. 0, for abhuma (most mss.
abhtlvan). 54a. 0 cintapayamanas. 55. 0, for abhiyukta. 56. v.l. incl. 0, for pra-ja°. 57.
O jfi&tva . . . °dati, for tataS ca bhagavan asman (partly em.) upek§ate na sa^ibhmatti. 58.
some mss. insert, vayaip. ca tath&gatajfiSnaip. vyavaharayamah; 0 is said to read here, ta-
thagatajnSnaratnako§e vyoharapayi (3 sg. opt., or aor., cans, to vyavahar-, ‘cause to do bus­
iness inJ),but whether as addition to, or substitute for, the last words of the text is not clear.
59. abl. with nihsppha§, as just below tato nih°.
gatajnanam vivaramo darsayama upadarsayamo vayam Bhagavams tato
nihsprhah samanah. tat kasya hetoh. upayakausalyena tathagato ’smakam
adhimuktim prajanati. tac ca vayam na janimo na budhyamahe yad idam
Bhagavataitarhi kathitam yatha vayam Bhagavato bhutah putra BhagavamS
casmakam smarayati tathagatajnanadayadan.60 tat kasya hetoh. yathapi nama
vayam tathagatasya bhutah putrah.61 api tu khalu punar hinadhimuktah.
saced Bhagavan asmakam pasyed adhimuktibalam bodhisattvasabdam Bhaga­
van asmakam udahared vayam punar Bhagavata dve karye karapita bodhisat-
tvanam cagrato hmadhimuktika ity uktas te codarayam buddhabodhau sama-
dapitah. asmakam cedanlm Bhagavan adhimuktibalam jnatvedam udahrtavan
anena vayam Bhagavan paryayenaivam vadamah: sahasaivasmabhir nih-
sprhebhir nispipasebhir62 anakanksitam amargitam aparye?itam acintitam
aprarthitam sarvajnataratnam pratilabdham yathapldam tathagatasya putraih.
atha khalv ayusman Mahaka&yapas tasyam velayam ima gatha abhasata:
1. aScaryaprapta63 sma tathadbhutaS ca
audbilyaprapta sma srunitva gho?am
sahasa hi asmair idam evarupam64
manujnaghosam Sruta65 nayakasya
2. visistaratnana mahantarasir
muhurtamatren’ ayam adya labdhah
na cintito napi kadaci prarthitas
tam srutva ascaryagata sma sarve
3. yathapi balah puru$o bhaveta
utplavito balaj anena santah
pituh sakaSatu86 sa prakrameya67
anyam ca dei§am vraji so suduram
4. pita ca tam §ocati tasmi kale
palayitam jnatva svakam hi putram
diSa ca vidiSa ca samanta anvate68
var§ani pancasad anunakani
5. tatha ca so putra gave^amano
anyam mahantam nagaram hi gatva
niveSanam mapiya tatra tisthet
samarpito69 kamagunehi pancabhih
6. bahum hiranyam ca suvamarupyam
dhanyam dhanam sankha&ilapravadam
hast! ca asvas ca padatayas ca
gavali pasus caiva tathaidakas ca
7. prayoga ayoga tathaiva ksetra
dasl ca dasa bahu pre^yavargah
60. 0 cited as
dan? for tathaga0 .. .?). 61. WT withK', for putra iti. 62.0, for nihsprhair (only). 63.
0, for °ryabhuta. 64. 0, for sahasaiva asmabhir (§20.52) ayam tathadya. 65.0 (§3.54), for
manojfiagho§ah Srutu. 66. mss. saka§at tu (to be kept?). 67. sa pra° 0, for apakrameta.
68. 0, for Socantu so digvidiSasu haip.ce (q.v. D.). 69. D.
48 SADDHARMAPUNPARIKA
susatkrtah pranisahasrakotibhi70
rajnaS ca so vallabhu nityakalam
8. krtanjall tasya bhavanti nagara
grame?u ye capi bhavanti gramika71
bahu vanijas tasya vrajanti antike
bahuhi karyehi krtadhikarah
9. etadrSo rddhimato narah syaj
jirna£ ca vrddha§ ca mahallakaS ca
sa putrasokam anucintayantah
ksapeya ratrimdiva nityakalam
10. sa tadr^o durmati mahya putrafr
pancasa vargani yada palayitah72
ayam ca koso vipulo mamasti
kalakriya co mama pratyupasthita
11. so capi balo tada tasya putro
daridrakah krpanaku nityakalam
gramena gramam anucankramantah
paryesate bhakta tathaiva cotakam73
12. parye?amano ’pi kadaci kimcil
labheta kimcit puna naiva kimcit
sa locate74 parasarane?u7Bbalo
dadruya kanduya vidigdhagatrali76
13. so co76a vrajet tam nagaram yahim pita
anupurvaSo tatra gato bhaveta
bhaktam ca codam ca gave§amano
niveSanam yatra pita svakasya77
14. so capi adhyah puraso mahadhano
dvarasmi simhasani samnigannab
parivaritati pranisatair anekair
vitanu78 tasya79 vitato ’ntarlk§e
15. apto janaS casya samantatah sthito
dhanam hiranyam ca ganenti kecit
kecit tu lekhan api lekhayanti
kecit prayogam ca prayojayanti
16. so ca daridro tahi etu drstva
vibhti?itam grhapatino niveSanam
kahiin nu adyo80 aham atra agato
raja ayain bhe§yati rajamatrafr
17. ma dani do§aip pi labheyam atra
grhnitva ve^tirri pi ca karayeyam81
70. 0 and most other mss., for
°bhl. 71. 0, for vasanti grami^ali. 72. 0, for var§a pi tada palayakah 73. O, for tathapi
codam. 74.0,forgu§yate. 75. WTem. °^araiie!?u; Tib. *house(s) of others’; see §2,63. 76.
see D. vidigdha; 0 kilasa-g° (against Tib.). 76a. or ca, m.c. for ca. 77. Nep. mss., see D.
svaka(m), end, foredd. em. pitu sva°; 0 pitu so upagami (unmetr. without change in the
prec.). 78. most mss., for °na; 0 °ni. 79. Nep. mss., for tasya (0; unmetr.) 80, m.c.
with WT for adya (could also be adya). 81. §37.17.
THE LOST HEIR 49
anucintayantah sa palayate naro
daridravlthim pariprcchamanah
18. so ca82 dhanl tam svaku putra dr$tva
simhasanasthas ca bhavet prahr^tah
sa dutakan pre?ayi tasya antike
anetha etam puru?am daridram
19. samanantaram tehi grhltu so naro
gfhitamatro ’tha sa83 murcha gacchet
dhruvam khu mahyam vadhaka upasthitah
kim mahya84 codena ca85 bhojanena va
20. dr§tva ca so panditu tam mahadhanl
hmadhimukto ayu bala durmatih
na sraddadhi mahyam imam vibhu§itam
na capi okalpayi e?a me pita86
21. puru§ams ca so tatra prayojayeta
vankaS ca ye kanaka kunthakaS ca
kucailaka87 kr^naka hinasattvah
paryegatha tam naru karmakarakam
22. samkaradhanam imu mahya putikam
uccaraprasravavinaSitam ca
tacchodhanarthaya88 karohi karma
dvigunam ca te vetanakam pradasye
23. etadpSam ghosa §runitva so naro
agatya samSodhayi tam pradesam
tatraiva so avasatham ca kuryan
niveSanasyo palikuncikesmin89
24. so ca90 dhanl tam puru^am nirlk§ed
gavak§aolokanakehi nityam
hmadhimukto ayu mahya putrah
samkaradhanam Sucikam karoti
25. sa otaritva pitakam grhltva
malinani vastrani ca pravaritva
upasamkramet tasya narasya antike
avabhatsayanto91 na karotha karma
26. dvigunam ca te vetanakain dadami
dvigunam ca bhuyas tatha padamraksanam
salona bhaktam ca dadami tubhya
Sakam ca Satim ca punar dadami
82. §4.21. 83. ’tha sa WT with K '
and Tib., for atha. 84. WT with K ' and Tib., for kim adya. 85. all mss. (incl. 0) but
one, for tha; ca introduces the entire sentence. 86. 0 (see D. avakalpayati), for pita
mamayaipi ti na capi Sraddadhlt. 87. 0 du6co<Jik§,h, cf. D. codaka (but °4ak§,h would be
expected). 88. 0, for ta^i 6o°. 89. see D. palik0; §§8.70-72; 0 °sya-(unmetr.)-m-atiduri
vasam (secondary lect. fac.). 90. m.c. with edd. for ca; cf. vs 18, n. 82. 91. mss. (0 cor­
rupt), for °bharts°; §2.17; Chap. 43 s.v. bharts.
50 SADDHARMAPUWARlKA
27. evani ca tam bhatsiya92 tasmi kale
samslegayet tam punar eva panditah
sugthum khalu93 karma karosi atra
putro 'si vyaktam mama natra samsayah
28. sa stokastokam ca grham prave§ayet
karmam ca karapayi tam manusyam
vim§ac ca varsani supuritani
kramena viSrambhayi tarp. naram sab
29. hiranya94 so mauktika96 sphatikam ca
pratiSamayit96 tatra nivesanasmin97
sarvam ca so saingananam karoti
artham ca sarvam anucintayisye98
30. bahirdha so tasya niveSanasya
kutikaya eko vasamanu balah
daridracintam anucintayeta
na me ’sti etadrsa bhogu kecit"
31. jnatva ca so tasya im’ evarupam
udarasamjfiabhigato mi putrah
sa anayitva suhrjnatisamgham
niryatayisye 5sy’ ima100 sarvam artham
32. raj ana so naigamanagarams ca
samanayitva bahu vanijams ca
evarp uvaca100a pari?aya madhye
putro mamayam cira viprana?takah
33. pancasa vargani supura purvam1
anye c’ ato vimSati ye2 mi dr^tah
amukatu nagaratu mamai^a na§to
aham ca marganta ihaiva-m8-agatah
34. sarvasya dravyasya ayam prabhur me
etasya niryatayi sarv’ a§e$atah
karotu karyam ca pitur dhanena
sarvam kutumbam ca dadami etat
35. ascaryaprapta§ ca bhaven naro ’sau
daridrabhavam purimam smaritva
hinadhimuktim ca pitu§ ca tan gunam
dystva4 kutumbam sukhito ’smi adya
36. tathaiva casmaka vinayakena
hinadhimuktitva vijaniyana
na Sravitam buddha bhavisyatheti
yuyanpi kila6 §ravaka mahya putrah
92. most mss. (cf. n. 91), for bhartsayi
(em. or misprint). 93. WT with K ' for khalu (unmetr.). 94, 95. all mss. but one, for
°^yu, °ku. 96. so KN with 0 (opt. in mg., §§32.119 ff.);WT with Nep. mss. °yet. 97.
Nep. mss. °nesmin (§§8.70 ff.). 98.0 and 1 Nep. ms. (§31.37), for °yeta (1 ms.). 99.
§8.25. 100. (= asya imam) 0, for °yi§y&my ahu. 100a. m.c. for °ca. 1. 0, for supftr-
nakani (with w.ll.). 2. §21.31; 0 virpiani yato *smi (dy^tah), which is unmetrical unless
ca be read for c* ato. 3. §4.59; 0 ihaiva a°. 4. most mss., for labdhva. 5. m.c. for kila.
THE LOST HEIR
37. asmarnS ca adhyegati lokanatho
ye prasthita uttamam agrabodhim
deSehi tvam6 Kasyapa marg’ anuttaram
yam marga bhavitva bhaveyu buddhah
38. vayam ca tesam sugatena presita
bahubodhisattvana mahabalanam
anuttaram marga pradarsayama
dr?fantahetunayutana kotibhih
39. Srutva ca asmaka jinasya putra
bodhaya bhaventi sumargam agryam
te vyakriyante ca ksanasmi tasmi6a
bhavi§yatha buddha imasmi loke
40. etadrsam karma karoma tayinam7
samrak§amana ima dharmakoSam
praka^ayantag ca jinatmajanam
vai£vasikas tasya yatha narah sab
41. daridracintas ca vicintayama
visranayanto ima buddhakosam
na caiva prarthe ’mu8 jinasya jnanam
jinasya jnanam ca prakasayamah
42. pratyatmikim nirvj-ti kalpayama
etavata jnanam idam na bhuyah
nasmaka harso pi kadaci bhoti
k§etresu buddhana srunitva vyuhan9
43. Santab kilah10 sarv’ imi dharm’ anasrava
nirodha-utpadavivarj itas ca
na catra ka§cid bhavatlha dharma11
evam tu cintitva12 na bhoti sraddha
44. sunihsprha vayam iha13 dirgharatram
buddhana jnanasmi anuttarasmi14
pranidhanam asmaka na jatu tatra
iyam para ni§tha jinena ukta
45. nirvanaparyanti samucchraye ’smin
paribhavita §unyata dirgharatram
parimukta traidhatukadubkhapldaya15
krtam ca asmabhi jinasya Sasanam
46. yam. pi16 prakaSema jinatmajanam
ye agrabodhiya bhavanti prasthita17
te§am ca yat kimci vadama dharmam
spfha tatra asmaka na jatu bhoti
6. 0, for tes&i*i vade. Ga. O, for tasmin. 7. O and 1 Nep. ms., for 0nati. 8. WT with K'
and Tib. (&di ‘this* = imam for idam), for prarthema; 1 sg. prarthe, perhaps for 1 pi., of.
§25.27; or sg. subject, cf. vs 37. 9. perh. read viyiiha Srutva with O. 10. K ' (§2.81),
for kila (unmetr.). 11. v.l. incl. O, for dharmo. 12. mss. (§38.33, cf. also §3.49), for cin-
tetva. 13. most Nep. mss., for sma (O ca) vaya (unmetr.). 14. 0 (§8.64), for baud-
dhasya jfianasya anuttarasya. 15. 0, for °ditah. 16. m.c. (0 pi), for hi; yaip. (=* yat), re­
ferring to what follows, as adv. or conj.; taip. (— tat) in vs 46 refers back to it; 'even
when . . . then,’ 17. O, for ye prasthita bhonti ihagrabodhau.
52 SADJDHAKMAJt'UiypARIKA
47. tam casma18 lokacariyo mahar$i19
upeksate kalam avekpamanah
na bha$ate bhutapadarthasamdhim
adhimuktim asmaka gave?amanah
48. upayakausalya yathaiva tasya
mahadhanasyo20 puru^asya kale
hmadhimuktam satatam damesi21
damiyana casmai pradadati tad dhanam22
49. suduskaram kurvati lokanatho
upayakausalya prayojayantah23
hlnadhimuktan damayantu putran
damiyana24 co25 jnanam idam pradeti26
50 a§caryaprapta sahasa sma adya
yatha daridro labhiyana vittam
phalam ca praptaip iha buddhaSasane
prathamam v itta m ca anasravam ca
51. yac chllam asmabhi ca dirgharatram
samrak§itam lokaviduyya sasane
asmabhi labdham phalam adya tasya
sllasya purvam caritasya natha
52. yad brahmacaryam paramam viSuddham
nisevitam gasani nayakasya
tasyo viSigtam phalam adya labdham
Santam udaram ca anasravam ca
53. adyo vayam Sravaka bhuta27 natha
sam&ravayisyama imagrabodhim28
bodhlya §abdam ca prakaSayamas
teno vayam sravaka bhl$makalpah29
54. arhanta bhuta vayam adya natha
arhamahe puja sadevakatu30
lokat samarac ca sabrahmakac ca31
sarve?a sattvana ca santikatu32
55. ko nama Saktah pratikartu tubhyam
udyuktarupo bahukalpakotyah
ya dugkaran IdrSakan33 karogi
sudu§karan yan iha martyaloke
56. hastehi padehi Sirena capi
pratipriyam34 du§karakam hi kartum
18. §20.46. 19. 0, for sva-
yaqibhur. 20. m.c. for °sya. 21. 0 (§32.65), for °meti. 22. 0 tad dh°, for vittam. 23.
0, for prakSSayantah. 24. O, for dametva. 25. m.c. (or ca; or perh. originally can
fianam, or the like, §§2.77 ff.), for ca. 26. 0, for dadati. 27. ‘true, real’; so in next vs.
28. 0, for °?yamatha (§26.10) cagra0. 29. I doubt that bhl§ma is a n. pr.; Tib. suggests
adj. (mi bzad renders ttvra etc.). 30. O, for Nep. mss. °kato; §8.52. 31. 0, for samaratu
sabrahmakatah. 32. 0, for antikatafr. 33. Nep. mss. (but su- for ya; cf. §§6.5 ff., 8.102),
for (em.) °kara:$5dr$aka; 0 ya du§karam (unmetr.) IdfSakaip, and sudui?karar?i in next
pada (but no v.l. cited for yan). 34, D.; break in the sense after kartum.
THE LOST HEIR OS

girena amsena ca yo dhareta35

paripurnakalpan yatha Gangavalikah
57. khadyam daded bhojanavastrapananx
sayyasanain36 co37 vimalottaracchadam
vihara karapayi candanamayan
samstlrya co dusyayugehi dadyat
58. gilanabhai§ajya bahuprakaram
pujartha dadyat sugatasya nityam
dadeya kalpan yatha Gangavalika
naivaxp kadacit pratikartu Sakyam
59. mahatmadharma38 atulanubhava38
maharddhikah38 ksantibale pratigthitah38
buddha38 maharaja anasrava38 jina38
sahanti balana im’ Idrsani39
60. anuvartamanas tatha nityakalam
nimittacarina40 bravlti dharmam
dharmeSvaro isvara403 sarvaloke
mahesvaro lokavinayakendrah
61. pratipatti darieti bahuprakaram41
sattvana sthanani prajanamanah
nanadhimuktim ca viditva te§am
hetusahasrehi bravlti dharmam
62. tathagata ’dhyaSaya janamanah42
sarvega sattvan’ atha pudgalanam
bahuprakaram hi bravlti dharmam
nidarsayanto imam agrabodhim
ity arya-Saddharmapundarike dharmaparyaya43 adhimuktiparivarto nama
caturthah
35. WT with K'
and Tib., for payodharena. 36. 0, for Sayanas0. 37. most mss. (metr.), for ca. 38. so
0, -aft), 7 times in padas a-c (in some cases supported by some Nep. mss. and Tib.), for
-o or -at- 39. 0 balani dementi tathaindriyani (read tathe0); Nep. mss. supported by
Tib. and Chin. (Kumarajiva, KN note). 40. D. nimitta (1). 40a. most mss., for (1
Nep. ms.) °ru. 41. WT with v.l. incl. K', for °rai?i (3 mss.; construable as adv.). 42.
0, for °gatas carya prajanamanah. 43. so ed.; no v.l.
 14
The Burning House

Saddharmapundarlka, Chapter III: KN 60-99.

atha khalv ayusman Sariputras tasyam velayam tusta udagra attamanah
pramuditah prltisaumanasyajato yena Bhagavams tenanjalim pranamya1
Bhagavato ’bhimukho Bhagavantam eva vyavalokayamano Bhagavantam etad
avocat: ascaryadbhutaprapto ’smi Bhagavann audbilyaprapta idam evamrupam
Bhagavato ’ntikad gho§am Srutva. tat kasya hetoh. asrutvaiva tavad aham
Bhagavann idam evamruparn Bhagavato ’ntikad dharmam tadanyan bodhisat-
tvan dr§tva bodhisattvanam canagate ’dhvani buddhanama srutvatlva Socamy
ativa samtapye bhrasto ’smy evamrupat tathagatajnanagocaraj2 jnanadarsanat.
yada caham Bhagavann abhlk^nam gacchami parvatagirikandarani vanasandany
aramanadlvrk?amulany ekantani divaviharaya tadapy aham Bhagavan yad-
bhuyastvenanenaiva viharena viharami. tulye3 niima dharmadhatupravese
vayam Bhagavata hmena yanena niryatitah. evam ca me Bhagavams tasmin
samaye bhavaty asmakam evai$o ’paradho naiva Bhagavato ’paradhah. tat
kasya hetoh. saced Bhagavan asmabhih pratlk?itah syat samutkar^iklm dhar-
madeSanam kathayamano yad idam anuttaram samyaksambodhim arabhya
te§v eva vayam Bhagavan dharmesu niryatah syama. yat punar Bhagavann
asmabhir anupasthite?u bodliisattve^u samdhabha^yam Bhagavato ’janamanais
tvaramanaih prathamabha^itaiva tathagatasya dharmade&xna Srutvodgrhlta
dharita bhavita cintita manasikrta, so ’ham Bhagavann atmaparibha^aya evam4
bhuyi§thena ratrimdivasany5atinamayami. adyasmi Bhagavan nirvanapraptah.
adyasmi Bhagavan parinirvrtah. adya me Bhagavann arhatvam praptam.
adyaham Bhagavan Bhagavata^ putro jye$tha auraso mukhato6jato dharmajo
dharmanirmito dharmadayado dharmanirvrttah ? apagataparidaho ’smy adya
Bhagavann imam evamrupam adbhutadharmam a§rutapurvam Bhagavato
’ntikad gho§am Srutva. atha khalv ayusman Sariputras tasyam velayam Bha­
gavantam abhir gathabhir adhyabha$ata:
1. a§caryaprapto ’smi mahavinayaka
audbilyajato imu gho§a Srutva
kathamkatha mahya na bhuya kacit
paripacito ’harp iha agrayane
2. a§caryabhutah sugatana gho§ah
kank§am ca Sokam ca jahati praninam
kfplnasravasyo8 mama ya£ ca 6oko
vigato ’pi9 sarvafe10 gruniyana gho$am
1. mss* (see DO, for (em.) pranamya. 2. 0 om. jfianagocaraj (hapl.). 3. WT with K'
and 0, for tulya-. 4. so 0 (instr. of °bh&§a), for °bha§anayaiva. 6, 0 (cited as ratri-di°),
for °divany. 6. KN sukhato (prob. misprint). 7. 0 °nirvrtaliL (Burnouf perfection^?);
Tib. sgmb pa, prob. °ttah, ‘effected’. 8. m.c. (with WT) for °sya. 9. 0, for mi (not in
Tib.). 10. m.c. for sarva.
THE BURNING HOUSE 55
3. divaviharam anucankramanto
vanasanda aram’ atha vrksamulam
girikandarams capy upasevamano
anucintayami11imam eva cintam
4. aho ’smi parivancitu papacittais
tulyesu dharme?u anasravesu
yan nama traidhatuki agradharmam
na desayisyami anagate ’dhve
5. dvatrimsatilaksana mahya bhrastahlla
suvarnavarnacchavita ca bhrasta
bala vimok§a& c* imi sarvi rincita
tulyesu dharmesu aho ’smi mudhah
6. anuvyanjana12ye ca mahamunlnam
aSxti purnah pravara visisfah
agtadaSavenika ye ca dharmas
te capi bhrasta ahu vancito 7smi
7. drgtva ca tvam lokahitanukampaka13
divaviharam parigamya caikah
ha vancito ’smiti vicintayami
asangajnanatu acintiyatah
8. ratrimdivanl13* ksapayami natha
bhuyistha so eva vicintayantah
prcchami tavad Bhagavantam eva
bhrasto ’ham asmlty atha va na veti
9. evam ca me cintayato jinendra
gacchanti ratrimdiva nityakalam
drstva ca anyan bahu bodhisattvan
samvarnitaml lokavinayakena
10. srutva ca so ’ham imu buddhadharmam
samdhaya etat kila bhasitam ti
atarkikam suksmam anasravam ca
jnanam pranetl14jina bodhimande
11. drstlvilagno hy aham asi purvam
parivrajakas tlrthikasammatas ca
tato mama15 asayu jnatva natho
dr§tivimok§aya braviti nirvrtim
12. vimucya ta drgtikrtani sarvaSah
SunyamS ca dharman ahu spar§ayitva
tato vijanamy ahu nirvrto ’smi
na capi nirvanam16 idam prakathyate17
13. yada tu buddho bhavate ’grasattvah
puraskrto naramaruyaksaraksasaih
11. 11a.°miNep.(with
Nep. mss., for mss.,0; unmetr.).
for°ta (0 °ta). 12. KN °vyancana (misprint). 13. 0, for °kampl. 13a. m.c., for°ni. 14,
Nep. mss., for °t; (0, unmetr.) 15. WT with K', for mama (unmetr.). 16. KN nirvanam
(misprint). 17. 0, for KN prabudhyati, WT pravucyati (K' pravuceti).
f
56 SADDHARMAPUIJPARlKA
dvatrimsatilak§anarupadhari
a£esato nirvrti tatra bhoti18
14. vyapanlta sarve mama19 manyitani
Srutva ca gho?am aham adya nirvrtah
yadapi vyakurvasi agrabodhau
purato hi lokasya sadevakasya
15. balavac ca asln mama chambhitatvam
prathamam giram srutva vinayakasya
ma haiva maro sa bhaved vihethako
abhinirminitva bhuvi buddhavesam
16. yada tu hetuhi ca karanais ca
drstantakot inayutais ca darSita
suparisthita sa varabuddhabodhim20
tato ’smi ni?kanksu Srunitva dharmam
17. yada ca me buddhasahasrakotyah
klrtesy21 atltan parinirvrtan jinan
yatha ca tair desitu esa dharma
upayakausalya22 prati^thihitva
18. anagata§ co bahu buddha loke
tisthanti ye co paramarthadarsinah
upayakausalyasatais ca dharmam
nidar§ayi?yanty22a atha deSayanti ca
19. yatha23 ca te atmana yadrSl car!
abhiniskramitva prabhrtiya samstuta
buddham ca te yadrSu dharmacakram
yatha ca te Vasthita dharmadeSana
20. tata§ ca janami na e?a maro
bhutam earim darsayi lokanathah
na hy atra marana gat! ha24 vidyate
mamaiva cittam vicikitsapraptam
21. yada tu madhurena gabhiravalguna25
samhargito buddhasvarena caham
tada mi vidhvamsita sarva samSaya
vicikitsa nas^a ca sthito ’smi jnane
22. nihsam§ayam bhesyi tathagato ’ham
puraskrto loki sadevakasmi26
samdhaya vak§ye imu buddhabodhim
samadapi§ye27 bahu bodhisattvan
evamukte Bhagavan ayu^mantain Sariputram etad avocat: arocayami te
Sariputra prativedayami te ’sya sadevakasya lokasya puratah samarakasya
18.0, for nirvrtu
bhoti tatra. 19.0, for sarvani mi. 20. 0 and 1 Nep. ms. (§ 10.23), for (em.) °dhis (other
mss. °dhi). 21. §32.63. 22. Kern transl. as instr., which is possible (§8.8), and perhaps
confirmed by pada c, vs 18; but acc. with prati0 is possible. 22a. text °syanty, perh. to be
kept (§2.62). 23. K' (Burnouf puisque), for yada; WT tatha with Tib. 24. WT with K'
hi; KN gatlha, but iha duplicates atra; the particle ha is meant. 25. both edd.; mss.
gambhlra0 (unmetr.). 26. 0 (§8.64), for °kesmin. 27. 0, for °dapento.
THE BURNING HOUSE 57
sabrahmakasya sasramanabrahmanikayah prajayah purato may a tvam Sariputra
vimsatlnam buddhakotinayutasatasahasranam antike paripacito ’nuttarayam
samyaksambodhau, mama28 ca tvam Sariputra dlrgharatram anusiksito ’bhut.
sa tvam Sariputra bodhisattvasammantritena29 bodhisattvarahasyeneha mama
pravacana upapannah. sa tvam Sariputra bodhisattvadhisthanena tat paurva-
kam caryapramdhanam bodhisattvasammantritarn bodhisattvarahasyam na
samanusmarasi. anirvrto30 nirvrto ’smTti manyase. so ’ham tvam Sariputra
purvacaryapranidhanajnananubodham anusmarayitukama imam Saddharma-
pundarikam dharmaparyayam sutram31 mahavaitulyam31 bodhisattvotpadam31
sarvabuddhaparigraham Sravakanam samprakasay ami. api khalu punah Saripu­
tra bhavisyasi tvam anagate ’dhvany aprameyaih kalpair acintyair apramanair
bahunam tathagatakotlnayutagatasahasranam saddharmam dharayitva vivi-
dham ca pujam krtvemam eva bodhisattvacaryam paripurayitva32Padmaprabho
nama tathagato ’rhan samyaksambuddho loke bhavisyasi vidyacaranasampan-
nah sugato lokavid anuttarah purusadamyasarathih Sasta devamanusyanam33
buddho Bhagavan. tena khalu punah Sariputra samayena tasya Bhagavatah
Padmaprabhasya tathagatasya Yirajam nama buddhaksetram bhavisyati sa-
mam ramanlyam prasadikam darsaniyam34parisuddham ca sphitam carddham36
ca ksemam ca subhiksam ca bahunaradevaparipurnam ca36 vaiduryamayam
suvarnasutrastapadanibaddham. tesu castapadesu37 ratnavrksa bhavisyanti
saptanam ratnanam puspaphalaih satatasamitam samarpitah. so ’pi Sariputra
Padmaprabhas tathagato ’rhan samyaksambuddhas trlny eva yanany arabhya
dharmam desayisyati. kim capi Sariputra sa tathagato na kalpakasaya
utpatsyate, api tu pranidhanavasena dharmam desayisyati. Maharatnaprati-
manditaS ca nama Sariputra sa kalpo bhavisyati. tat kim manyase Sariputra
kena karanena sa kalpo Maharatnapratimandita ity ucyate. ratnani Sariputra
buddhaksetre bodhisattva ucyante. te tasmin kalpe38 tasyam Virajayam loka-
dhatau bahavo bodhisattva bhavisyanty aprameyasamkhyeyacintyatulyamapya
gananavltivrtta39 anyatra tathagatagananaya. tena karanena sa kalpo Maha­
ratnapratimandita ity ucyate. tena khalu punah Sariputra samayena bodhi-
sattvas tasmin buddhaksetre yadbhuyasa40ratnapadmavikramino40*bhavisyanti.
anadikarmikas ca te bodhisattva bhavisyanti ciracaritakuSalamula bahubuddha-
Satasahasraclrnabrahmacaryas tathagataparisamstuta buddhajnanabhiyukta41
mahabhijnaparikarmanirjatah sarvadharmanayakuSala mardavah smrtimantah.
bhuyistham42 Sariputraivamrupanam bodhisattvanam paripurnam tad bud­
dhaksetram bhavisyati. tasya khalu punah Sariputra Padmaprabhasya tatha-
28. O maya, but
see D. anu§ik?ati; ‘and you have long been imitating me.’ 29. see D. sammantrita. 30.
0; edd. om. (hapl.) with Nep. 31. O ('constantly’), for sutrantaip °vaipulyaip. °ttvava-
vadarn. 32. v.l. incl. 0, for °purya. 33. 0 (‘regularly’, with Pali in this cliche), for deva-
nai£ ca manu^yanSm ca. 34. v.l. incl. O (as later in this cliche, cf. KN 144.10), for para*
masudar§°. 35. no v.l.; I would lay a bet that the mss. read ca fddhaip. 36. 0 (cf. KN
151.10), for bahujananarlganaklrnain ca marupraklrnam ca. 37. instead of °padanibad-
dham. te§u . . ., 0 °padlkrtaip sarvatra c&stapade; but elsewhere (vi)nibaddha (D.) is used
in this cliche. 38. 0, for kale. 39. O, for gananaipL (all mss. °na) samatikranta. 40. O
°bhuyaso (Skt. °go). 40a. Chin. ‘with precious flowers supporting their feet’. 41. O seems
to be said to read buddhayanabhi0; this could properly be read. 42. 0, for °§$hena.
 58 SADDHARMAPUlJPARlKA
gatasya dvadaSantarakalpam43 ayiispramanam bhavisyat.i sthapayitva kumara-
bhutatvam. tegam ca sattvanam agtantarakalpa ayuspramanam bhavigyati.
sa ca Sariputra Padmaprabhas tathagato dvadaSanam antarakalpanam atyayena
Dhrtiparipurnam nSma bodhisattvam mahasattvain vyakrtvanuttarayam44
samyaksambodhau parinirvasyati. ayam bhiksavo Dhrtiparipurno bodhisattvo
mahasattvo mamanantaram46 anuttaram samyaksambodhim abhisambhotsyate.
Padmavrsabhavikramo46 nama tathagato ’rhan samyaksambuddho loke bhavi§-
yati vidyacaranasampannah sugato lokavid anuttarah puru^adamyasarathih
sasta devamanusyanam47 buddho Bhagavan. tasyapi Sariputra Padmavr^a-
bhavikramasya tathagatasyaivamrupam eva buddhaksetram bhavisyati. tasya
khalu punah Sariputra Padmaprabhasya tathagatasya parinirvrtasya dvatrim-
£adantarakalpan saddharmah sthasyati. tatas tasya tasmin saddharma48 k§Ine
dvatrirpiadantarakalpan saddharmapratirupakah49 sthasyati. atha khalu Bha-
gavams tasyam velayam ima gatha abhagata:
23. bhavigyase Sarisuta tuham50 pi
anagate ’dhvani jinas tathagatah
Padmaprabho nama samantacak§uh51
vinesyase pranisahasrakotyah
24. bahubuddhakotI§u karitva satkriyam
caryabalam tatra uparjayitva
utpadayitva ca da§o balani
sprsisyase uttamam agrabodhim
25. acintiye aparimitasmi kalpe
prabhtltaratnas tada kalpu bhepyati
Viraja ca nama62 tada lokadhatuh
kgetram viSuddham dvipadottamasya
26. vaiduryasamstirna tathaiva bhumih
isuvarnasutrapratimandita, ca
ratnamayair vfk?a§atair upeta
sudar§anlyaih phalapu$pamanditaih
27. smrtimanta tatra63 bahu bodhisattvah
caryabhinirharasukovidaS ca
ye Siksita, buddha§ate§u caryam
te tatra k§etre upapadya santi
28. sa54caj jinah paScimake samucchraye
kumarabhumim atinamayitva
jahitva kaman abhini§kramitva
spyiigyate uttamam agrabodhim
29. sama dvadaSa antarakalpa tasya
bhavisyate ayu tada jinasya
43. three mss., for (two mss.) °pS; 0 °kalpa-n- (of. §4.65; but prob. °kalpan, acc. pi., was
intended; this seems to be what 0 is said to read for “kalpa in next sentence). 44. edd. vy&-
kftya0 with only 1 ms. 45. misprinted mamStant0 in KN (mss. mamant0, mamantarSd;
Tib. 6ahihogtu). 46.0, for °vikraml, also below. 47.seen.33. 48. §8.11, end. 49. adj.;
sc. dharmah. 50. §20.8. 51. all mss., for °k?ur. 52. 0, for (em.) nSmnS,; Nep. mss. nEm-
nas. 53. most mss. incl. O reported tatra (unmetr,); edd. tasmin. 54. most mss. incl. 0,
for so
THE BURNING HOUSE 59
manujan’ apl55 antarakalpa asta
ayn^pramanam tahi tesa bhesyati
30. parinirvrtasyapi jinasya tasya
dvatrimsati66 antarakalpa purnam56a
saddharma samsthasyati tasmi kale
hitaya lokasya sadevakasya
31. saddharmi57 k§Ine pratirupako ’sya
dvatrimsati antarakalpa sthasyati
sarira vaistarika tasya tayinah.
susatkrto naramarutaiS ca nityam
32. etadr&ali so Bhagavan bhavisyati
prahr?ta tvam Sarisuta bhavasva
tvam eva so tadrsako bhavi?yasi
anabhibhuto dvipadana58 uttamali
atha khalu taS catasrah par^ado bhik§ubhiksunyupasakopasika devana-
gayak§agandharvasuragarudakimnaramahoragamanusyamanusyasatasahasrani59
ayugmatab Sariputrasyedam vyakaranam anuttarayam samyaksambodhau Bha-
gavato ’ntikat sammukham Srutva tusta udagra attamanasah pramuditah priti-
saumanasyajatah svakasvakais clvarair Bhagavantam abhicchadayam asuh.
SakraS ca devanam indro Brahma ca Sahampatir anyas ca devaputrasata-
sahasrakotyo Bhagavantam divyair vastrair abhicchadayam asuh, divyais ca
mandaravair mahamandaravaiS ca puspair abhyavakiranti sma, divyani ca
vastrany upary antarlkge bhramayanti sma, divyani ca turyaSatasahasrani
dundubhayaS copary antarlkse parahanitsu,60 mahantam ca puspavarsam abhi-
pravargayitvaivam ca vacam bhasante sma: purvam Bhagavata Varanasyam
Rsipatane mrgadave dharmacakram pravartitam idam punar Bhagavatadya-
nuttaram dvitiyam dharmacakram pravartitam. te ca devaputras tasyam
velayam ima gatha abha^anta:
33. dharmacakram pravartesi loke apratipudgala
Varanasyam mahavlra skandhanam udayam vyayam
34. prathamam pravartitam tatra dvitiyam iha nayaka
duhSraddheyam idam dharmam desitam adya Sastrna61
35. bahu dharmah Sruto ’smabhir lokanathasya sammukham
na cayam IdrSo dharmah Srutapurvah kadacana
36. anumodama mahavlra samdhabha§yam maharsinam
yatharyo vyakrto hy esa Sariputro viSaradah
37. vayam apy edrSah syamo buddha loke anuttarah
samdhabha^yena deSento buddhabodhim anuttaram
38. yac chubham62 krtam asmabhir asmim63 loke paratra va
55. Nep. mss. (in KN note misprinted °ayl) and WT, for (0) °janam abhy-; in pada
a, 0 also reads dvadaSabhyantara0, tho here KN with Nep.; I have noted otherwise no case
of abhyantara- (for usual antar&-) kalpa, nor does Pali show abbhan0. 56. mss., for (em.)
°tiip. 56a. §8.90. 57. edd. with 0; perh. read °ma with Nep. mss., cf. n. 48. 58. 0 and 1
Nep. ms. for °nam. 59. 0, for °§y&manu§ya. 60. 0, for °nanti sma. 61. ? so 0 (Sastf^am,
em. KN; §13.38); Nep. mss. vary in first half, but lack the word dharma; in 2d half Nep.
deVito ’dya vinayaka; Tib. indicates vinayaka, and lacks dharma (but also lacks any of
the Nep. substitutes for it). 62. WT with KAand Tib., for chrutaip. (t and bh often con­
fused). 63. mss., for asmiml.
60 SADDHARMAPUtfPARIKA
aragitaS ca sambuddhah64 prarthana bhotu bodhaye
atha khalv ayu§man Sariputro Bhagavantam etad avocat: niskankso ’smi
Bhagavan vigatakathamkatho Bhagavato ’ntikat sammukham idam atmano
vyakaranain Srutvanuttarayam samyaksambodhau. yani cemani Bhagavan
dvadaSa vaSibhuta£atani Bhagavata purvam Saiksabhumau sthapitany evam
avavaditany evam anuSistany abhuvan: etatparyavasano me bhik^avo dharma-
vinayo yad idam jatijaravyadhimaranasamatikramo65 nirvanasamavasaranah.
ime ca Bhagavan dve bhik§usahasre saiksasaiksanam Bhagavatah. sravakanam
sarvesam atmadrstibhavadrstivibhavadrstisarvadrstivivarjitanam06 nirvana-
bhumisthita sma ity atmanam67 samjanatam te Bhagavato ’ntikad idam68
evamrupam aSrutapurvam dharmam Srutva kathamkatham apannah. tat
sadhu Bhagavan bhasatam e$am bhikgunam kaukrtyavinodanartham yatha
Bhagavann etas catasrah parsado niskank$a nirvicikitsa bhaveyuh. evam ukte
Bhagavan ayusmantam Sariputram etad avocat: nanu te maya Sariputra purvam
evakhyatam yatha nanabhinirharanirdeSavividhahetukarananidarSanarambana-
niruktyupayakaui§alyair nanadhimuktanam sattvanam nanadhatvasayanam69
a§ayam viditva tathagato ’rhan samyaksambuddho dharmam desayati. imam
evanuttaram samyaksambodhim arabhya sarvadharmadeSanabhir bodhisattva-
yanam eva samadapayati. api tu khalu punah Sariputraupamyam te kari$yami
asyaivarthasya bhuyaso70 matraya samdarSanartham. tat kasya hetoh. upama-
yehaikatya vijnapurusa bhasitasyartham ajananti.
tadyathapi nama Sariputreha syat kasmimScid eva grame va nagare va
nigame va janapade va janapadapradeSe va ra^tre va rajadhanyam va grhapatir
jlrno vrddho mahallako ’bhyatltavayo ’nuprapta athyo71 mahadhano maha-
bhogah. mahantam72 casya niveSanam bhaved ucchritam ca vistfrnam ca cira-
krtamt ca jirnam ca dvayor va trayanam va caturnam va pancanam va prani-
Satanam73 avasati; ekadvaram ca74 bhavet, trnasamchannan ca bhavet, vigadita-
prasadam ca bhavet, putistambhamulam ca bhavet, samSIrnakudyakatalepanam
ca bhavet. tac ca sahasaiva mahatagniskandhena sarvapar£ve§u76 pradlptam
bhavet. tasya ca purusasya bahavafr kumarakah syuh pailca va daSa va vimsatir
va sa ca purugas tasman niveSanad bahir nirgatah syat. atha khalu Sariputra
sa puru§as tam svakam niveSanam mahatagniskandhena samantat samprajva-
litam dr?tva bhitas trasta udvignacitto bhaved evam canuvicintayet: pratibalo
’ham anena mahatagniskandhenasamspr$to ’paridagdhah k^ipram eva svasti-
nasm&d grhad adlptad dvarena nirgantum nirdhavitum. api tu khalu76 ya ime
mamaiva putra balakah kumaraka asminn eva nive^ana adlpte tais-taih krld-
anakaih krldanti ramanti paricarayanti. imam cagaram adiptain na jananti na
budhyante na vidanti na cetayanti nodvegam apadyante. samtapyamana apy
anena mahatagniskandhena mahata ca duhkhaskandhena spr§tah samana na
64. 0 aradhitaS (Sktizing) ca yad (so KN, but Tib. sai£-
with Nep.) buddhah. 65. both edd. add Soka after marana, with no v.l.; but it is not in
K', Tib., or Chin., and is prob. a careless error (one of many!) in KN, kept (as often) without
note in WT. 66. KN om. bhavadr^i (hapl.); text WT with K' and Tib. 67. so K'; KN
atmana (misprint?)j WT em. atmanalj. 68. all mss., for (em.) imam. 69. D. dhatu (4).
70.0, for °yasya. 71. D. 72.0, for mahac; most Nep. mss. mahantarp. 73. Chin, ‘people*
for prSni. 74. edd. add tan niveSanaip, with 1 Nep. ms. only. 75. edd. add sarvavantarpi
nive§anaip with some Nep. mss. 76. edd. om. khalu with some Nep. mss.
THE BURNING HOUSE 61
duhkham manasikurvanti, napi nirgamanamanasikaram utpadayanti. sa ca
Sariputra puruso balavan bhaved bahubalikah. sa evam anuvicintayed aham
asmi balavan bahubalikaS ca. yan nv aham sarvanlmani kumarakany77ekapinda-
yitvotsangenadayasmad grhan nirgamayeyam. sa punar evam anuvicintayet:
idam khalu nivesanam ekapravesam samvrtadvaram eva kumarakas capalaS
caiicala balajatiyaS ca ma haiva paribhrameyuh te ’nena mahatagniskandhena-
nayavyasanam apadyeran. yan nunam aham etan samcodayeyam iti pratisam-
khyaya tan kumarakan amantrayate sma: agacchatha78bhavantah kumarakaho79
nirgacchatha.78adiptam idam grhain mahatagniskandhena. ma haivatraiva sarve
’nena mahatagniskandhena daham asadyanayad vyasanam79a apatsyatheti.80
atha khalu te kumaraka evam tasya hitakamasya purusasya tad bhasitam
navabudhyante nodvij anti nottrasanti na samtrasanti na samtrasam apadyante
na vicintayanti na nirdhavanti na tulayanti81 na vijananti kim etad adiptam
nameti, anyatra tena-tenaiva dhavanti vidhavanti punah-puna§ ca tam pitaram
avalokayanti. tat kasya hetoh. yathapldam balabhavatvat.
atha khalu sa purusa evam anuvicintayet: adiptam idam nivesanam maha­
tagniskandhena sampradlptam ma haivaham ceme ca kumaraka ihaivanena
mahatagniskandhenanayavyasanam apatsyamahe. yan nv aham upayakausal-
yeneman kumarakan asmad grhan niskasayeyam.82 sa ca purusas tesam kuma-
rakanam aSayajno bhaved adhimuktim ca vijanlyat. tesam ca kumarakanam
anekavidhany anekani kridapanakani83 bhaveyur vividhani ca ramaniyakan-
Istani kantani priyani manapani84 tani ca durlabhani bhaveyuh. atha khalu sa
purusas te^am kumarakanam aSayam j ana ms tan kumarakan etad avocat: yani
tani kumaraka yu$makam kridanakani ramanlyakany ascaryadbhutani yesam
alabhat samtapam apadyatha85 nanavarnani bahuprakarani, tadyatha goratha-
kany ajarathakani mrgarathakani, yani bhavatam i?tam kantani priyani manaa-
pani, tani ca maya sarvani bahir niveSanadvare sthapitani yusmakam krldana-
hetoh. agacchantu bhavanto nirdhavantv asman niveSanad aham vo yasya-yasya
yenartho yena prayojanam bhavisyati tasmai-tasmai tat pradasyami. agac­
chatha86 Sighram tesam karanam nirdhavatha.86 atha khalu te kumarakas tesani
kridanakanam ramaniyakanam86a yathepsitanam yathasamkalpitanam istanain
kantanam priyanam manaapanam namadheyani srutva tasmad adlptad agarat
ksipram evarabdhavlrya balavata javenanyonyam apratlksamanah kah pra-
thamam kah prathamataram ity anyonyam samghattitakayas tasmad adlptad
agarat ksipram eva nirdhavitah.
atha sa purusah ksemasvastina tan kumarakan nirgatan87 dr?tvabhayaprap-
tan iti viditvakase gramacatvara upavistah prltipramodyajato nirupadano
vigatanivarano88 ’bhayaprapto bhavet. atha khalu te kumaraka yena sa pita
tenopasamkrameyur upasamkramitvaivam89 vadeyuh:dehi nas tata tani vivi-
77. mss. (Nep*
sarvanimaip k°), for (em.) sarvan imSLn kumarakan; see §§6.4, 6; 8.98; 2.39. 78. v.l. incl*
O for °ta. 79. 0 (§8.88) for °ka. 79a. 0 (err. vaham for daham), for dhak§yath5naya-vya°.
80. 0, for °tha. 81. O, for n5pi jananti. 82. 0, for ni§kramayeyam. 83. v.l. incl. 0, for
kridanakani. 84. all mss. incl. 0, except one, for manaapani. 85.0, for alabhat sarp.tapya-
tha. 86. v.l. incl. 0, for °ta. 86a. both edd. add arthaya, which KN’s note says is omitted
in only two mss.; I suspect it is omitted in most of them; it seems clearly out of place, and
must have been lacking in the mss. translated by both Burnouf and Kern. 87. 0 pari-
mukta(n); read so? 88. O, for °nivarano. 89. 0, for °sai*ikramann upasaipkramyaivaift.
62 SADDHARMAPUWARIKA
dhani kridanakani ramamyakani,90 tadyatha gorathakany ajarathakani mrgara-
thakani. atha khalu Sariputra sa purusas tesam svakanam putranam vatajava-
sampannan gorathakan evanuprayacchet saptaratnamayan savedikan sakinkinl-
jalabhipralambitan uccapragrhltan91 aScaryadbhutaratnalamkrtan ratnadama-
krtasobhan puspamalyalamkrtams tulikagonikastaranan dusyapatapratyastirnan
ubhayato lohitopadhanan svetaih prapandaraih slghrajavair gonair yojayitva92
bahupurusaparigrhltan savaijayantan gorathakan eva vatabalajavasampannan
ekavarnan ekavidhan ekaikasya darakasya dadyat. tat kasya hetoh. tatha hi
Sariputra sa purusa adhyas ca bhaven mahadhanas ca prabhutakoSakosthagaras
ca,93 evam manyed94 alam ma esam kumarakanam anyair yanair dattais95 tat
kasya hetoh, sarva evaite kumaraka mamaiva putrah sarve ca me priya mana-
pah.96 samvidyante ca me97 imany evamrupani mahayanani samam ca mayaite
kumarakah sarve cintayitavya na visamam. aham api bahukosakosthagarab sar-
vasattvanam apy aham imany evamrupani mahayanani dadyam, kim anga punah
svakanam putranam. te ca darakas tasmin samaye tesu mahayanesv abhiruh-
yascaryadbhutaprapta bhaveyuli. tat kim manyase Sariputra ma haiva tasya
purusasya mrsavadah syad yena tesam darakanam purvam trlni yanany upadar-
§ayitva pascat sarvesam mahayanany eva dattany udarayanany eva dattani.
Sariputra aha: na hy etad Bhagavan na hy etat sugata. anenaiva tavad
Bhagavan karanena sa puruso na mrsavadl bhaved yat tena purusenopaya-
kauSalyena te darakas98 tasmad adlptad grhan niskramita99 jlvitena cabhiccha-
ditah. tat kasya hetoh. atmabhavapratilambhenaiva Bhagavan sarvakridana-
kani labdhani bhavanti. yady api tavad Bhagavan sa purusas tesam kumara­
kanam ekaratham api na dadyat tathapi tavad Bhagavan sa puruso na mrsavadi
bhavet. tat kasya hetoh. tatha hi Bhagavams tena purusena purvam evaivam
anuvicintitam upayakausalyenaham iman kumarakan100 tasman mahato duh-
khaskandhat parimocayisyamlti. anenapi Bhagavan paryayena tasya purusasya
na mrsavado bhavet. kah punar vado yat tena purusena prabhutakosakostha-
garam astlti krtva putrapriyatam eva manyamanena Slaghamanenaikavarnany1
ekayanani dattani yad idam2 mahayanani. nasti Bhagavams tasya purusasya
mrsavadah.
evam ukte Bhagavan aynsmantam Sariputram etad avocat: sadhu sadhu
Sariputra, evam etac Chariputra, evam etad yatha vadasi. evam eva Sariputra
tathagato ’rhan samyaksambuddhah sarvabhayavinivrttah sarvopadravopa-
yasopasargadubkhadaurmanasyavidyandhakaratamastimirapatalaparyavanahe-
bhyah sarvena sarvam sarvatha vipramuktah. tathagato jnanabalavai-
garadyavemkabuddhadharmasamanvagata rddhibalenatibalavaml lokapita ma-
hopayakau§alyajnanadar§anaparamaparamitaprapto3 mahakaruniko ’parikhin-
namanaso hitaisy anukampakahi. sa traidhatuke mahata dulikhadaurmanas-
yaskandhenadlptaj Irnapatala§arananive§anasadr§a utpadyate sattvanam
j atij aravyadhimarana§okaparidevadubkhadaurmanasyopayasavidyandhakarata-
90. 0, for °nlyani. 91. D. ucc&. 92. v.l. incl. 0, for yojitan. 93. edd. add sa with 2 Nep.
mss. 94. WT with v.l. incl. 0 and Tib., for paSyet. 96. 0, for dattair iti. 96. all mss.,
for (em.) mana&pSh. 97. all mss., for (em.) ma. 98. 0 bala-dar°. 99. 0, for nigkasita.
100. all mss., for °kki£S. 1. D. Slaghate. 2. v.l. incl. O, for uta. 3. dar^ana 0, om. edd.
with Nep.
THE BURNING HOUSE 63
mastimirapatalaparyavanahaprati§thanam ragadvesamohaparimocanahetor
anuttarayam samyaksambodhau samadapanahetoh. sa utpannah samanah
paSyati sattvan dahyatah pacyamanams tapyamanan paritapyamanan jati-
jaravyadhimaranasokaparidevaduhkhadaurmanasyopayasaih paribhoganimit-
tam ca kamahetunidanam canekavidhani duhkhani pratyanubhavanti. drsta-
dharmikam ca paryestinidanam parigrahanidanam ca samparayikam narakatir-
yagyoniyamalokesv anekavidhani duhkhani pratyanubhavanti,4 devamanusya-
daridryam anistasamyogam istavinabhavikani ca duhkhani pratyanubhavanti.
tatraiva ca duhkhaskandhe parivartamanah krldanti ramante paricarayanti
nottrasanti na samtrasanti na samtrasam apadyante na budhyante na cinta-
yanti5 nodvijanti na nihsaranam paryesante tatraiva cadiptagarasadrse trai­
dhatuke ’bhiramanti tena-tenaiva vidhavanti. tena ca mahata duhkhaskan-
dhenabhyahata na duhkhamanasikarasamjnam utpadayanti.
tatra Sariputra tathagata evam pasyati: aham khalv esam sattvanam pita,
maya hy ete sattva asmad evamrupan mahato duhkhaskandhat parimocayitavya
maya caisam sattvanam aprameyam acintyam buddhajnanasukham datavyam
yenaite sattvah kridisyanti ramisyanti paricarayisyanti vikrlditani6 karisyanti.
tatra Sariputra tathagata evam pasyati: saced aham jnanabalo ’smlti krtva-
rddhibalo ’smlti krtvanupayenaisam sattvanam tathagatajnanadarsanabala-
vaisaradyani7 samsravayeyam naite sattva ebhir dharmair niryayeyuh. tat
kasya hetoh. adhyavasita hy ami sattvah pancasu kamagune§u traidhatukara-
tyam aparimukta j atij aravy adhimaranaSokaparidevaduhkhadaurmanasyopaya-
sebhyo dahyante pacyante tapyante paritapyante. anirdhavitas traidhatukad
adlptaj Irnapatalasarananivesanasadrsat katham ete buddhajnanam paribudh-
yeyuh.8 tatra Sariputra tathagato tadyathapi9 nama sa puru?o bahubalikah
sthapayitva bahubalam upayakauSalyena tan kumarakams tasmad adlptad
agaran ni§kramayati10 ni§kramayitva10 ca te§am pa&cad udarani mahayanani
dadyat, evam eva Sariputra tathagato ’py arhan samyaksambuddhah tathagata-
jnanabalavaiSaradyasamanvagatah sthapayitva tathagata j nanabalavaisarad-
yam11upayakau§alyajnanenadfptaj Irnapatalasarananivesanasadr&at traidhatukat
sattvanam niskasanahetos trim yanany upadarsayati yad idam12 sravakayanam
pratyekabuddhayanam bodhisattvayanam iti. tribhis ca yanaih sattvaml lobha-
yaty evam cai?am vadati: ma bhavanto ’sminn adiptagarasadrse traidhatuke
’bhiramatha13 hlnesu rupasabdagandharasasparSesu. atra hi yuyam traidhatuke
’bhiratah pancakamagunasahagataya trsnaya dahyatha tapyatha paritapyatha.
nirdhavatha14 asmat traidhatukat trim yanany anuprapsyatha yad idam srava­
kayanam pratyekabuddhayanam bodhisattvayanam iti. aham vo 5tra sthane
pratibhur aham vo dasyamy etani trini yanany abhiyujyatha15 traidhatukan
nihsaranahetoh. evam caitaml lobhayami: etani bhoh sattva yanany aryani
caryapra§astani ca maharamaniyakasamanvagatani cakrpanam etair bhavantah
krldigyatha rami^yatha paricarayisyatha. indriyabalabodhyangadhyanavimok-
4. most mss., for °vi§yanti (one Nep. ms.). 5. 0, for cetayanti. 8. edd. add
ca with 2 mss. 7. dar§ana 0, om. edd. with Nep. 8. 0, for paribhotsyante. 9. WT with
0 and Tib., for yad°. 10. 0, for ni§kasayen ni§kasayitva (some Nep. mss. have forms of
ni?kram-). 11.0 adds dar§ana after jnana. 12. v.l. incl. O, for uta. 13. 0, for °madhvam.
14. v.l. incl. 0 (which is cited °patha), for °vadhvam. 15. v.l. incl. O, for °yadhve.
64 SADDHARMAPUNDARlKA
sasamadhisamapattibhis16 ca mahatlm ratim pratyanubha visyatha. mahata
ca sukhasaumanasyena samanvagata bhavigyatha.
tatra Sariputra ye sattvah panditajatlya bhavanti te tathagatasya lokapitur17
abhi&raddhasyanti.18 abhiSraddadhitva ca tathagatasasane ’bhiyujyanta udyo-
gam apadyante. tatra kecit sattvah paraghosasravanugamanam akanksamana
atmaparinirvanahetos caturaryasatyanubodhaya tathagatasasane ’bhiyujyanti.19
ta ucyante sravakayanam akanksamanas traidhatukan nirdhavanti tadyathapi
nama tasmad adiptad agarad anyatare daraka mrgaratham akanksamana
nirdhavitali. anye sattva anacaryakam jnanam damaSamatham akanksamana
atmaparinirvanahetor hetupratyayanubodhaya tathagatasasane ’bhiyujyanti.19
ta ucyante pratyekabuddhayanam akanksamanas traidhatukan nirdhavanti
tadyathapi nama tasmad adiptad agarad anyatare daraka ajaratham akanksa­
mana niskranta Iti.19a apare punah sattvah sarvajnajnanam buddhajnanam
svayambhujnanam anacaryakam jnanam akanksamana bahujanahitaya bahu-
janasukhaya lokanukampayai mahato janakayasyarthaya hitaya sukhaya de-
vanam ca manusyanam ca sarvasattvaparinirvanahetos tathagatajnanabala-
vaisaradyanubodhaya tathagatasasane ’bhiyujyante. ta ucyante mahayanam
akanksamanas traidhatukan nirdhavanti. tena karanenocyante bodhisattva
mahasattva iti. tadyathapi nama tasmad adiptad agarad anyatare daraka
goratham akanksamana niskranta-m-iti.20
tadyathapi nama Sariputra sa purusas tan kumarakams tasmad adiptad
agaran nirdhavitan drstva ksemena svastina20a parimuktan abhayapraptan iti
viditvatmanam ca mahadhanam viditva tesam darakanam ekam eva yanam
udaram anuprayacchati,21 evam eva Sariputra tathagato ’py arhan samyaksam-
buddho yada pasyaty anekah sattvakotis traidhatukat parimukta duhkhabhaya-
bhairavopadravaparimuktas tathagatasasanadvarena22 nirdhavitah parimuktah
sarvabhayopadravakantarebhyo nirvrtisukhapraptaJh. tan etan Sariputra tasmin
samaye tathagato ’rhan samyaksambuddhah prabhuto mahaj nanabalavaisara-
dyakosa iti viditva sarve caite mamaiva putra iti jnatva buddhayanenaiva tan
sattvan parinirvapayati. na ca kasyacit sattvasya pratyatmikam parinirvanam
vadati. sarvamS ca tan sattvams tathagataparinirvanena mahaparinirvanena
parinirvapayati. ye capi te Sariputra sattvas traidhatukat parimukta bhavanti
tesam tathagato dhyanavimoksasamadhisamapattaya23 aryani paramasukhani
krldanakani ramanlyakani dadati sarvany24 ekavarnani. tadyathapi nama
Sariputra tasya puru§asya na mrsavado bhavati25 yena trim yanany upadar-
Sayitva tesam kumarakanam ekam eva mahayanam sarvesam dattam saptarat-
namayam sarvalamkaravibhusitam ekavarnam evodarayanam eva sarvesam
agrayanam eva dattam,26 evam eva Sariputra tathagato ’py arhan samyaksam-
buddho na mrsavadi bhavati yena purvam upayakauSalyena trim yanany
upadargayitva pa&can mahayanenaiva sattvan parinirvapayati. tat kasya hetoh.
16. these are the rama^Iyaka. 17. several Nep. mss. °pitum, which cannot belong to §13.24
because it must agree with tathagatasya; it could, however, represent pitu (* pituli) plus
-m (§4.59); this verb takes gen. of person; O °pitur bhagitam, prob. expansion. 18. v.l.
incl. 0, for °§raddadhanti. 19. v.l. incl. 0, for °nte. 19a. 0, for nirdhavitah. 20. 0
(§4.59), for nirdhavitah. 20a. 0, for k§ema-svastibhyaip. 21. 0, for °cchet. 22. WT with
K', for °§asane dv°. 23. v.l. incl. 0, for °ttlr. 24. edd. add etany with 1 Nep. ms. 25.
v.l. incl. O, for bhaved. 26. edd. add bhavet with some Nep. mss. (not 0).
THE BURNING HOUSE 65
tathagato hi Sariputra prabhutajnanabalavaisaradyakosakosthagarasamanva-
gatah pratibalah sarvasattvanam sarvajnajnanasahagatam dharmam upadar-
sayitum. anenapi Sariputra paryayenaivam veditavyam. yathopayakausalya-
jnanabhinirharais tathagata ekam eva mahayanam de&ayati. atha khalu Bha-
gavams tasyam velayam ima gatha abhasata:26a
39. yatha hi purugasya bhaved agaram
jlrnam mahantam ca sudurbalam ca
vi^irna prasadu tatha bhaveta
stambhai ca mulesu bhaveyu ptitikah
40. gavaksaharmya gaditaikadesam27
vislrna kudyam kata lepanam ca
j irna28-pravrddhoddhrtavedikam29 ca
trnacchadam sarvata opatantam
41. 6atana pancana anunakanain
avasu so tatra bhaveta praninam
bahuni ca30 niskuta31 samkatani
uccarapurnani jugupsitani
42. gopanasl vigadita tatra sarva
kudyas ca bhittl§ ca tathaiva srastah
grdhrana kotyo nivasanti tatra
paravatoluka tathanyapaksinah
43. aslviga daruna tatra santi
desapradesesu32 mahavi^ograh
vicitrika vrscika mu§ika§ ca
vividhana33 avasu sudustapraninam
44. de§e ca de§e amanu?ya bhuyo34
uccaraprasravavinasitam ca
krenikltakhadyotakapuritam36 ca
svabhih srgalaig ca ninaditam ca
45. bherundaka daruna tatra santi
manusyakunapani ye36 bhaksayanti37
tegam ca niryanu38 pratlksamanah
svanah Sj’galaS ca vasanty aneke
46. te durbala nitya ksudhabhibhuta
de§e?u-desesu vikhadamanab
kalaham karontas ca ninadayanti
subhairavam tad grham evarupam
26a. The verse
version greatly expands the prose, especially in describing the horrors. My pupil A. H. Yar­
row has called my attention to the fact that in these expansions, the verbs are nearly all
indicatives, while in the parts which correspond to the prose, they are mostly optatives, as
usually in the prose. Were the expansions added later? 27. all Nep. mss. (§8.85), for (em.)
°Sa; O ‘quite different’ (not quoted). 28. WT with K' jrrnu. 29. WT with O and K', for
pravyddhaDpL dhuta0; D. vedika. 30. WT and Nep., for KN with 0 ca (unmetr.). 31. D.
32. WT with K', for de£e pra°. 33. 0, for etana. 34. O amanujnS (read °jna; D. manujna)
bhumayah; but Tib. with text. 35. WT with K ' (°ta£) and Tib., for °putikam (implausible;
due to prec.). 36. O (§3.64); or read yi (= ye), or with WT and K' ca, for vi-. 37. 0, for
°tah. 38. D.(l).
66 SADDHARMAPUtfPARlKA
47. suraudracitta pi vasanti yak§a
manu§yakunapani vikaddhamanah
dese§u-desesu vasanti tatra
Satapadika39 gonasakas40 ca vyadah
48. de6e$u-dese§5upanik§ipanti41
te potakany alayakani42 krtva
nyastani-nyastani ca tani te?am
te yakga bhuyo paribhakgayanti
49. yada ca te yak$a bhavanti trptah
parasattva khaditva suraudracittah
parasattvamamsaih paritrptagatrah
kalaham tada tatra karonti tlvram
50. vidhvastalayanesu43 vasanti tatra
kumbhandaka darunaraudracittah
vitastimatras tatha hastamatra
dvihastamatra-m-anucankramanti44
51. te capi svanan parig|*hya padair
uttanakam44* krtva tathaiva bhumau
grivasu cotpidy’ atha bhatsayanto45
vyabadhayantaS46 ca ramanti tatra
52. nagnas47 ca kronas ca tathaiva durbala
ucca mahantai ca vasanti pretab
jighatsita bhojana margamana
artasvaram krandi§u tatra-tatra
53. suclmukha gonamukhaS ca kecin
manu§yamatras48 tatha svanamatrah48
praklrnake§a§ ca karonti Sabdam
aharatr^na paridahyamanab
54. caturdiSam catra vilokayanti
gavak§a-ullokanakehi nityam
te yaksa pretax ca pisacaka§ ca
grdhra§ ca ahara gave?amanah
55. etadrSam bhairava49 tad gj-hain bhavet
mahantam uccam ca sudurbalam ca
vijarjaram bhitvaru bhairavani50 ca
puru§asya ekasya parigraham bhavet
56. sa ca bahyatab syat puru§o grhasya
niveSanaip tac ca bhavet pradxptam
sahasa samantena caturdi§am ca
39. 0, for gatapadl. 40. mss., for (em.) gon°. 41. 0, for °§u ca ni- (3
mss. °6u pari-)k§i°. 42. v.1. incl. 0, for °yan5ni. 43. Nep. mss., for (em.) °lene?u; 0 cited
as tlrdhvasthale tatra (impossible without replacement of following tatra); Tib. with text.
44. O (§4.59), for °trai§ c’ anu°. 44a. nearly all mss., for °kan. 46. so some mss., for (em.)
°dya vitaqasayanto; D. bhats-, §2.17. 46. ? D.; so (except vaba0) WT, em., for (em.) vy&ya-
sayantafi; mss. all variously corrupt. 47. for (misprint) nan&fi; D. nSna. 48. v.l. ama-
nu§ya°; O manu&yavaktr&s (and fivSnavaktrah?); Tib. as text. 49. most mss. incl. 0, for
°vu. 60. see D. bhit(t)vara.
THE BURNING HOUSE 67
jvalasahasraih paridlpyamanam
57. vamSaS ca daruni ca agnitapitah
karonti Sabdam gurukam subhairavam
pradlpta stambhas ca tathaiva bhittayo
yakgaS ca pretaS ca mucanti nadam
58. jalu?ita51 grdhrasatas ca bhuyah
kumbhandakah prostamukha52 bhramanti
samantato vyadaSataS ca tatra
nadanti kroSanti ca dahyamanah
59. piSacakas tatra bahu bhramanti
sanitapita agnina-m-alpapunyah53
dantehi patitva te54anyamanyam
rudhirena sincanti ca dahyamanah
60. bherundaka kalagata§ ca tatra
khadanti sattvas ca te64 anyam-anyam
uccara dahyaty amanojnagandhah
pravayate55 loki caturdisasu
61. satapadlyo prapalayamanah
kumbhandakas tan66 paribhaksayanti
pradiptakeSas ca bhramanti pretah
ksudhaya dahena ca dahyamanah
62. etadrSam bhairava tan niveSanam
jvalasahasrani viniScaranti57
puru^aS ca so tasya grhasya svami
dvarasmi asthasi57a vipa§yamanah
63. Srnoti casau svaka-m-58 atra putran
krldapanaih krldanasaktabuddhln
ramanti tan kridanakapramattan69
yathapi bala avijanamanah
64. Srutva cJ asau59a tatra pravistn k§ipram
pramocanarthaya tadatmajanam
ma mahya bala imi sarva daraka
dahyeyu naSyeyu ca ksipram eva
65. sa bhasate tegam agarado§an
duhkham idam bhoh kulaputra darunam
vividhaS ca sattveha ayam ca agni
mahantika dulikhaparamparatra
51. D. 52. D. pro§ta; 0 tatra bahti (lect. fac.). 5
°na mandapu0. 54. §3.64. 55. 0 cited prac&yatl, intending prav§,°; peril, read this (m.c.
for °ti). 56. mss. (§9.99), for (em.) tah. 57. 0, for °srair hi °caradbhih. 57a. in a ms. note
of which I have a photostat, Burnouf left record of the Mlndic reading atthasi. 58. mss.,
for (em.) svake; *0 quite different’ (not quoted). 59. all Nep. mss. tan °ttan (K' also, with
xp. for n), for (em.) te °ttah; ‘0 different’ (not quoted, unhappily). Perhaps there is some
corruption, but the em. is too facile. The ms. forms can be construed as noms. (§8.85); I
should prefer this to taking ramanti as active (a rare use in Skt., and not known to me in
BHS), with krldanaka as nom. subject. 59a. all mss., except one Nep. ca so (so edd.) and
0 ca sa (unmetr.).
68 SADDHARMAPUtfPARlKA
66. asivi§a yak§a suraudracittah
kumbhanda preta bahavo vasanti
bherundaka SvanaSrgalasamgha
grdhraS ca ahara gavesamanah
67. etadrsasmiii60 bahavo vasanti
vinapi cagnya61 paramam subhairavam
duhkham idam kevalam evarupam
samantatas cagnir ayam pradlptah
68. te codyamanas tatha balabuddhayah
kumarakah kridanake pramattah
na cintayante pitaram bhanantam
na capi te§am manaslkaronti
69. puru§a£ ca so tatra tada vicintayet
suduhkhito ’smi62 iha putracintaya
kim mahya putrehi63 aputrakasya
ma nama dahyeyur ihagnina ime
70. upaya so cintayi tasmi kale
lubdha ime krldanake§u balah
na catra krlda ca rat! ca kacid
balan’ aho yadr§u mudhabhavah
71. sa tan avocac chrnutha kumaraka
nanavidha yanaka ya mamasti
mrgair ajair gonavaraiS ca yukta
ucc& mahanta samalamkrtai§63a ca
72. te64 bahyato asya niveSanasya
nirdhavatha tehi karotha karyam
yu?makam arthe maya karitani
niryatha tais tu§tamanah sametya
73. te yana etadrSakan65 ni§amya
arabdhaviryas tvarita hi bhutva
nirdhavitas tatkganam eva sarve
akaSi tisthanti dukhena66 muktah
74. puru§a§ ca so nirgata67 drstva darakan
gramasya madhye sthitu caccaresmin68
upaviSya simhasani tan uvaca
aho aham nirvrtu adya mar§a69
75. ye duhkhalabdha mama te tapasvinali
putrah priya orasa vimSa balah
60. WT with v.l. and K', for °§atra (unmetr.). 61. §10.121. 62. WT
with Nep. mss., for ’smi (0,unmetr.). 63. WT em. vuttehi, allegedly with Chin, ‘house’;
but the Chin, word renders atra of vs 70c (Chin, order confused); ‘what’s the use to me of
(having had) sons, (if I am to be) sonless?’ (so Kern, Tib.). 63a. all Nep. mss., for (em.)
°ta; O cited as yukta (metr. impossible). 64. all mss., for (em.) ta. 65. mss., for (em.)
°ka. 66. KN’s note confused; apparently O and 1 Nep. ms. have ca vipra-(muktali), the
others duhkhe or dufrkhena (KN em. m.c.). 67. O and K', other Nep. mss. acc. to KN °tu,
for (em.) °ti. 68. D . caccara. 69. most Nep. mss., 0 mari§a, for mar§ah (em.?). Addressed
to the villagers (to whom tan refers).
THE BURNING HOUSE 69
te darune durgagrhe abhuvan
bahujantupurne ca subhairave ca
76. adlptake jvalasahasrapurne
rata ca te kridarati§u asan
maya ca te mocita adya sarve
yenaha nirvanu samagato ’dya
77. sukhasthitam tam pitaram viditva
upagamya te daraka evam ahuh.
dadahi nas tata yathabhibha§itam
trividhani yanani manoramani
78. sacet tava satya dadahi tata70
yad bha§itam tatra nive§anasmi71
trividhani yanan’ iha sampradasye
dadasva kalo 5yam ihadya te§am
79. puru?a§ ca so ko§abal! bhaveta71a
suvamarupyamanimuktikasya
hiranya dasaS ca analpakalj syur
upasthape72 ekavidham sa yanan73
80. ratnamayan74 gonarathan visi§tan
savedikan kinkinij alanaddhan
chattradhvaj ebhih samalamkrtainS ca
muktamanlj alikachaditamS ca
81. suvarnapuspana sahasradamair75
de£e§u-de§e§u pralambamanaih
vastrair udaraih parisamvrtarpi ca
pratyastrtan dusyavaraiS ca Suklaih
82. mrdukana pattana tathaiva tatra
varattllika samstrta yehi te rathah
pratyastrtah kotisahasramulyair
varaiS ca kotambakahamsalak§anaih76
83. Svetali supugta balavanta gona
mahapramana abhidarsamyah
ye yojita ratnarathe§u te§u
pariggrhltah77 purugair anekaih
84. etadrsan so puru?o dadati
putrana sarvana varan vi§i?tan
te capi tustattamanaS ca tehi
di§a§ ca vidisas ca vrajanti krldakah
85. em78 ev’ ahani Sarisuta mahargl
sattvana tranan ca pita ca bhomi
70. 0 (except tava, unmetr.); Nep. mss. vary, all
corrupt; KN and WT have different synthetic and artificial versions. 71. 0, for °ne te.
71a. O viditva. 72. WT with 0 and K', for (em.) upasthayaka (Nep. mss. upasthana an-).
73. K' (except corruptly sa-hayan; other mss. yanSn or yanam), for (an)ekavidhana-yana.
74. for all accs. in verses 80-81' (with WT and all mss.), KN em. noms., -a(h, etc.) for -an
etc. 75. WT with 0, for kj*tai§ ca da°. 76. D. 77. for parigr0; §2.7. 78. WT with most
mss. for evam (unmetr.).
70 SADDHARMAPUWARIKA
putras ca me79 pranina sarvi mahyam
traidhatuke kamavilagna balah
86. traidhatukam co80 yatha tan nivesanam
subhairavam duhkhasatabhiklrnam
a£e$atah81 prajvalitam samantaj
jatljaravyadhiSatair anekaih
87. aham ca traidhatukamukta Santo
ekantasthayi pavane vasami
traidhatukam co82 mam’ idam parigraho
ye hy atra dahyanti mam’ eti83 putrah
88. aham ca adlnava tatra darsayl84
viditva tranam aham eva cai$am
na caiva me te sruni sarvi bala
yathapi kame^u vilagnabuddhayah
89. upayakausalyam aham prayojayl
yanani trim85 pravadami cai^am
jnatva ca traidhatuki ’nekado$an
nirdhavanarthaya86 vadamy upayam
90. mam caiva ye nisrita bhonti putrah.
gadabhijna traividya87 mahanubhavah
pratyekabuddhas ca bhavanti ye ’tra
avivartika ye c’ iha bodhisattvali
91. samana putran’ aha88 te?a tatk?anam
imena drstantavarena pandita89
vadami ekam imu buddhayanam
parigrhnatha sarvi jina bhavi^yatha
92. tain caiva igtam90 sumanoramam ca
viSistarupam c’91 iha sarvaloke
buddhana jnanam dvipadottamanam
udararupam tatha vandaniyam
93. balani dhyanani tatha vimok^ah
samadhinam kotisahasr’ aneka92
ayam ratho Idrsako vari^tho
ramanti yeno98 sada buddhaputrah
94. krldanta94 etena kgapenti ratrayo
divasamS ca pakgan ytavo ’tha masan
samvatsaran antarakalpa-m-eva95 ca
kgapenti kalpana sahasrakotyab
79. all mss. (incl. K') but one, for te; this is possessive; mah
(§7.45) does not duplicate it. 80. WT with K', for ca (unmetr.). 81. so edd. with 0; may
be lect. fac. for Nep. mss. a§ega taip. 82* m.c. with WT, for ca. 83. most mss., for mamaiti.
84. WT with most mss., for (2 mss.) °ylm. 85. m.c. for trlni. 86. ? perh. read nirv&pan0
with v.l.; 0 cited as nirdhapan0. 87. so divide; adjectives. 88. v.l. incl. 0, for ahu. 89.
so (or °tai£) most mss. (§8.27), for °ta; O Kolita, a name for Maudgalyayana, not Sariputra.
90.0, for tac ca vari§tham- 91. all mss. v’; D. va (2). 9?, O, for kofciSata c* aneka (Nep.
mss, °ke). 93. WT with K' (actually yena, which may be read), for yena. 94. WT with K',
for °ti. 95. edd. with O (acc. pi.; §4.59); Nep. mss. °pa eva.
THE BURNING HOUSE 71
95. ratnamayam yanam idam varistham
gacchanti yeno96 iha bodhimande
vikrldamana iha96a bodhisattva
ye co97 s|,nontI98 sugatasya sravakah
96. evam prajanahi tvam adya Tisya
nastlha yanam dvitiyam kahimcit
diso da§a99 sarva gave?ayitva
sthapetv’ upayam purusottamanam
97. putra mama99 yuyam aham pita vo
maya ca ni§kasita yuya duhkhat
paridahyamana bahukalpakotyas
traidhatukato bhayabhairavatu200
98. evam c’ aham tatra vadami nirvrtim
anirvrta yuya tathaiva cadya
samsaraduhkhad iha yuya mukta
bauddham tu yanam va1 gavesitavyam
99. ye bodhisattvas ca ihasti kecic
chrnvanti sarve mama dharmanetrlh2
upayakausalyam idam jinasya
yatha vinetl3 bahubodhisattvan
100. hlnegu kamesu jugupsitesu
ramanti ye tatra bahuni balah4
duhkham tada bhasati lokanayako
ananyathavadir iharyasatyam
101. ye capi duhkhasya ajanamana
mulam na pasyant’ iha balabuddhayah
margam hi tesam anudarsayami
samudagamas trsna5 dukhasya sambhavah
102. trsnanirodhe6 ?tha6a sada anisrita
nirodhasatyam trtiyam mamedam7
ananyatha yena ca mucyate naro
margam hi bhavitva vimukta bhoti
103. kutaS ca te Sarisuta vimukta
asantagrahatu7ft vimukta bhonti
na ca tava te sarvata mukta bhonti
anirvrtams tan vadatlha nayakah8
104. kimkaranam nasya vadami moksam
apraptJ imam uttamam agrabodhim
96. m.c. for yena. 96a. so
apparently most mss., for bahu. 97. m.c. for ca. 98. WT with v.l. incl. K '} for °ti. 99.
m.c. (with WT) for da§a and mama. 200. 0, for °tah. 1. WT, with Tib. fiid, ‘self, same’,
for ca; D va (2). 2. O, for buddhanetrim (Nep. mss. mostly °trin). 3. 0 (°ti, unmetr.),
for Nep. mss. yeno vinetrT (KN °ti). 4. O, for rata yada bhont’ imi yatra (WT with v.l.
atra) sattvah; on bahuni cf. §6.14. 5. §9.67; D. samudagama (2). 6. K' (WT em. °dho),
for KN °dha; 'on suppression of desire’. 6a. WT with K', for -rtha. 7. 0, for idaiii me.
7a. 0 cited as °grahebhir; could be read as °grahebhi. 8. O °kah; others cited as vinayakab
(for -ha na0?).
72 SADDHARMAPUNPARlKA
mamai§a chando ahu dharmaraja
sukhapanarthay’ iha loki jatah
105. iya §ariputra8a mama dharmamudra
ya pa^cakale mama adya9 bha$ita
hitaya lokasya sadevakasya
diSasu vidiSasu prakaSayasva10
106. ya§ capi te bhagati11 ka§ci sattvah11*
anumodayamlti vadeta vacam
murdhnena cedam pratigrhya sutram
avivartikam tam nara dharayahi12
107. dr§ta§ ca teno13 purimas tathagatah
satkaru te§am ca krto abhusi
§ruta§ ca dharmo ayam evarupo
ya eta sutram abhiSraddadheta
108. aham ca tvam caiva bhaveta dr§to
ayam ca sarvo mama bhik^usamghah
dr§ta§ ca sarve imi bodhisattva
ye Sraddadhe bha^itam eta14 mahyam
109. sutram imam balajanapramohanam15
abhijna jnatvana mamaita bhasitam
visayo hi naivast’ iha §ravakanam
pratyekabuddhana gatir na catra
110. adhimuktisaras tuva Sariputra
kim va punar mahya ime ’nyaSravaka16
ete ’pi Sraddhaya mamaiva yanti
pratyatmikam jnanu na caiva vidyate
111. ma caiva tvam stambhigu ma ca mani§u
mayuktayogxsu bravlhi sutram17
bala hi kame§u sada pramatta18
ajanaka dharma pratiksipanti19
112. upayakauSalya k§ipitva mahyam
ya buddhanetrl sada loki samsthita
bhrkutim karitvana kgipitva yanam
vipaka20 tasyeha §rnohi tlvram
113. kgipitva sutram idam evarupam
mayi ti?thamane parinirvrte va
bhik?u?u va te?u khilani krtva
te?am vipakam mam’ iham21 Srnotha22
114. cyutva manusye§u avxci te§am
pratistha bhotl paripurna kalpan
8a. WT with K', for °tra. 9. so KN, apparently with O; their note says only
‘all but O maya-dya* (for mama adya), which, to be metrical, implies ya paficime kali (so
WT, intended by K'). 10.0, for ca deSayasva. 11. loc.; §7,10; K' bha^ita. 11a. mss., for
°tvo. 12. O, for naru dharayes tvam. 13. WT with v.l., for (unmetr.) tena. 14. WT with
K' and Tib. (hdi), for agra. 15. -aqi mss., for -am. On next line see §§9.65; 35.32. 16.
mss., for (em.) °kali. 17. O, for °glna vadesi etat. 18. ‘heedless’; not ‘enivr^s’ (Bumouf)
or ‘revelling' (Kern). 19. 0, for dharmu k§ipeyu bhSgitam. 20. v.l. incl. 0, for °ku. 21.
THE BURNING HOUSE 73
tatas ca bhuyo ’ntarakalp’ anekams
cyutas-cyutas tatra23 patanti balah
115. yada ca narakebhya24 cyuta bhavanti
tiryaggatau te punar eva yanti25
sudurbalah svanaSrgalabhutah
parega krldapanaka bhavanti
116. varnena te kalaka tatra bhonti
kalmasaka vranika kandulaS ca
nirlomaka durbala bhonti bhuyo
vidvesamana mama agrabodhim
117. jugupsita pranisu nitya bhonti
logtapraharabhihata rudantah
dandena26 samtrasita tatra-tatra
k§udhapipasahata Suskagatrah
118. ustratha va gardabha bhonti bhuyo
bharam vahantah kasadandataditah
aharacintam anucintayanto
ye buddhanetrl ksipi balabuddhayah
119. punaS ca te kro?tuka bhonti tatra
blbhatsakah kanaku kunthakaS27 ca
utpidita gramakumarakehi
lostapraharabhihatas ca balah
120. tataS cyavitvana ca bhuyu balah
pancai§atmam28 sama yojananam
dirghatmabhava hi bhavanti pranino
jadaS ca mudhah parivartamanah
121. apadaka bhonti ca kodasakkino29
vikhadyamana bahupranikotibhih
sudarunam te anubhonti vedanam
k§ipitva sutram idam evarupam
122. purugatmabhavam ca yada labhante
te kundaka langaka bhonti tatra
kubjatha kana ca jada jaghanya
agraddadhitva30 ima sutra mahyam
123. apratyanlyas ca bhavanti loke
put! mukhat te?a pravati gandhah
yakgagraho ukrami31 tesa kaye
asraddadhantan’ ima buddhabodhim
124. daridraka presanakaraka§ ca
upasthayaka nitya parasya durbala32
abadha te§am bahukaS ca bhonti
anathabhuta viharanti loke
23. WT
with O and K', for cyutaS ca tatra pra-. 24. 0, for °ke§u. 25. 0, for tataS ca tiryak§u
vrajanti bhtiyah. 26. WT with 0 and K', for dande?u. 27. WT with K' (see D.), for kanda-
k&§. 28. D. 29. D., and §2.6; perhaps refers to worms (eaten e.g. by ants). 30. O, for
°dadhanta. 31. D.; §3.54. 32. all mss., for (em.) °lah.
 SADDHARMAPUSrpARlKA
125. yasyaiva te tatra karonti sevanam
adatukamo bhavatl sa tesam
dattam pi co nasyati ksipram eva
phalam hi papasya im’ evarupam
126. yac capi te tatra labhanti au^adham
suyuktarupam kusalehi dattam
tenapi tesam ruju bhuya vardhate
so vyadhir antam na kadaci gacchati
127. anyehi33 cauryam krtani bhonti
damaratha dimbas tatha vigrahas ca
dravyapaharaS ca krtas tathanyair
nipatanti tasyopari papakarmanah
128. na jatu so paSyati lokanatham
narendrarajam mahi Sasamanam
tasyakganesv eva bhavati vasam34
imam ksipitva mama buddhanetrlm
129. na capi so dharma srnoti balo
badhiraS ca so bhoti acetanas ca
ksipitva bodhlm imam evarupam
upaSanti tasya na kadaci bhoti
130. sahasr’ aneka nayutamS ca bhuyah
kalpana kotyo yatha Gangavalikah
jadatmabhavo vikalaS ca bhoti
ksipitva sutram ima35 papakam phalam
131. udyanabhuml narako ’sya bhoti
niveSanam tasya apayabhumih
khara sukara krostuka bhumisucakali36
prati§thitasyeha bhavanti nityam
132. manusyabhavatvam upetya capi
andhatva badhiratva jadatvam eti
parapresya so bhoti daridra nityam
tahi37 kali tasyabharanan’ imani38
133. vastrani co vyadhaya bhonti tasya
vranana kotmayutaS ca kaye
vicarcika kandu tathaiva pama
kustham kilasam tatha amagandhah
134. satkayad^iS ca ghanasya bhoti
udlryate krodhabalam ca tasya
samragu tasyatibhrgam ca bhoti
tiryana yoni§u ca so sadaraml39
33.
of others; Burnouf and Kern misunderstand the verse. 34* 0, for hi vasu bhoti. 35. K'
(otherwise as text) for imu; 0 idaip (unmetr.). 36. D (0 °cikah). 37. 0, for tat-. 38. 0
tasyavaranS (‘garments*) bhavanti; Tib. as text; Tib. also supports vastrSni, which 0
has lost, in next vs. 39. D. (two later Chin, versions see in this a reference to bestiality,
perhaps rightly; the alternative would be, to incarnation as animals.)
THE BURNING HOUSE 75
135. saced aham Sarisutadya tasya
paripurna kalpam pravadeya dosan
yo hi mama etu k§ipeta40 sutram
paryantu do^ana na sakya gantum
136. sampasyamano idam eva cartham
tvam samdiSaml ahu Sariputra
ma haiva tvam41 balajanasya agrato
bha^isyase sutram im’ evarupam
137. ye tu iha42 vyakta bahusrutaS ca
smrtimanta ye pandita jnanavantah
ye prasthita uttamam agrabodhim
tan §ravayes tvam paramartham etat
138. drstaS ca yehi bahubuddhakotyah
kuSalam ca yai ropitam aprameyam
adhyasayaS ca drdha yesa co43 syat
tan §ravayes tvam paramartham etat
139. ye vlryavantah sada maitracitta
bhaventi maitrlm iha dirgharatram
utsrstakaya tatha jlvite44 ca
te?am idam sutra bhaneh samiksam46
140. anyonyasamkalpasagauravaS46 ca
yesam ca balena47 na samstavo ’sti
ye capi tu?ta girikandaresu
tan Sravayes tvam ida sutra bhadrakam
141. kalyanamitrams ca nigevamanah
papam§ ca mitran parivarjayantah
yan Idrsan paSyasi buddhaputrams
te§agratah sutram idam bhanasva48
142. acchidra&Ila maniratnasadrSa
vaipulyasutrana parigrahe sthitah
paSyesi yan IdrSa buddhaputrams
bhasahi tegagrata eta sutram49
143. akrodhana ye sada arjavaS ca
krpasamanvagata sarvapram^u
sagaurava ye sugatasya antike
te^agratah sutram idam bhanahi50
144. yo dharma51 bhage pariipaya madhye
asangaprapto vadi52 yuktamanasah
40. v.l. incl. 0, for
°eya. 41. KN’s conjecture, too easy to be convincing; but I can make nothing better out
of the ms. readings; K' is different from any, but I am not sure what it intends. 42. m.c.
for iha. 43. (or c§.) m.c. (with WT) for ca; this word (after cS) seems to imply drdha as
noun, ‘firmness’; BR (s.v. darh) allege this use, but I find no example of it in the passages
cited. 44. loc.; ‘and (who) likewise (act thus) in respect to life*. 45. D. 46. D. saijikalpa,
end. 47. 0, for balehi (most Nep. mss. bale§u). 48. 0, for te?&m idaip siitra prakaiayesi.
49. 0, for te§agratah sutram idaip. vadesi. 50. 0, for vadesi. 51. 0 and all Nep. mss. but
one, for °mu. 52. §29.14.
76 s a d d h a r m a p u h p a r Ik a

drgtantakotinayutair anekais
tasyeda sutram upadar&tyesi63
145. murdhnanjalim yaS ca karitva tigthet54
sarvajnabhavam parimargamanah
di§a ca vidiSapi65 ca cankrameta
subhasitam bhik§u gavesamanah
146. vaipulyasutrani ca dharayanto68
na casya rucyanti kadacid anye
eka67pi gatham na ca dharaye ’nyatah
samSravayes tvam varasutram etat
147. tathagatasyo68yatha dhatu59 dharayet
tathaiva yo margati koci tarn narah
em eva yo margati sutram IdrSam
labhitva co60murdhani dharayeta
148. anyebhi sutrebhi na tasya61cinta
lokayatam naiva kadaci cintayl62
balana etadrsa bhonti gocaras
tams tvam vivarjitva prakasayesi63
149. purnam pi kalpam ahu Sariputra
vadeyam akarasahasrakotyah
ye prasthita uttamam agrabodhim
te§agratah sQtram idam bhanahi84
ity arya-Saddharmapundarike dharmaparyaya aupamyaparivarto nama trtiyah
53.0 °yasi (to be adopted? cf. §§27.4-8). 54. 0, for karoti bad-
dhva (mss. vadhva). 55.0, for di£o da§a (mss. da§o; or daSo diSo) yo ’pi. 56.0, for °yeta.
57. most mss., for (1 Nep. ms.) ek&iji. 58. m.c. (with WT) for °sya. 59. D. dhatu (7). 60.
m.c. (with WT) for ca. 61. 0, for anye§u sutrc?u na kadaci (read kaci with K' and WT).
62. 0, for lokayatair anyataraiS ca Sastraih. 63. 0, for °yer (mss. °yed) idam. 64. 0, for
vadesi.