EN

GL 1ST
QUARTER
IS
LEARNER’S MATERIAL
H
Junob National High School

7
Talay, Dumaguete City

Darlene Joie T. Dales

English Teacher
 WEEK 1

Grade Level Standards:

The learner demonstrates communicative competence through his/her understanding of Philippine
Literature and other texts types for a deeper appreciation of Philippine culture

Learning Competency:
(EN7V-IV-c-23.1) Supply other words or expressions that complete the analogy.

Topic: Supplying Words to complete an Analogy

OBJECTIVES
 demonstrate understanding of analogy
 analyze the relationships presented in the analogies
 create analogies to build skills for learning new words.
 distinguish similarities and differences between two words

GUIDED TASKS

Task 1:
How will you read the analogy below?

night : day :: happy : sad

Notice that double colon splits the analogy into two parts.
The first part is the left-hand side of the double colon, "night:day," and the
second part is the right-hand side, "happy:sad."
Notice that the relationship that exists between the words in the first part is
exactly the same as the relationship that exists between the words in the second
part.
 What relationship do you see between both sets of words?

Task 2:
Can you supply the missing word to complete the following analogies?
1. Small is to tiny as huge is to __________.
2. Ugly is to pretty as __________is to bad.
3. Tree is to __________as flower is to petal.

What relationships do these analogies are suggesting?

CONCEPT

What is an analogy?

 An ANALOGY is a term that means “word relationships”.

 An analogy is a relationship between one pair of words or terms that serves as
the basis for the creation of another pair of words or terms.
 If the analogy has been completed correctly, the terms in the second pair have
the same relationship to each other as do the terms in the first pair.
 It always contains two pairs of words.
 These analogies are set up in a standard format.

 small : tiny :: huge: big

 ugly : pretty :: good : bad
 tree : leaf :: flower : petal

These analogies are read aloud as:

 Small is to tiny as huge is to big.

 Types of Analogies:  Ugly is to pretty as good is to bad.
 Tree is to leaf as flower is to petal
 Antonyms - pairs that show an opposite relationship.
Girl is to boy as up is to down.
night : day :: happy : sad

 Synonyms- pairs that show a similar relationship or have the same

meaning.
Couch is to sofa as bush is to shrub.
husband : spouse :: baby : infant

 Cause and Effect- involves a noun or verb that leads to the other word.
Fire is to smoke as diet is to lose weight.
thirsty : drink ::study : make good grades

 Part to Whole- pairs that show the first word as part of the second word
Pitcher is to baseball as lettuce is to salad.
student : classroom ::leaf : tree

 Action and Object

What’s the relationship?
BOIL : EGG :: throw : ball

In these items, the object always receives the action.

 Performer and Action

What’s the relationship?
AUTHOR : WRITE :: Chef :Cook.

In these items, a person is doing something.

 Performer and Object- a person working with a tangible object.
Cashier : Cash :: Plumber : Pipe

 Function- How something works

knife : cut :: pen : write

The function of a knife is to cut, just as the function of a pen is to

write.

 Characteristic Quality - describes something

puppies : furry :: fish : slippery

Puppies are furry, fish are slippery.

 Classification- puts something in a category

ballet : dance :: frog : amphibian

Ballet can be classified as a dance just like a frog can be classified as

an amphibian.
 LEARNING ACTIVITIES

COLLABORATIVE ACTIVITIES:
Guided Practice 1
Direction: Write the second pair of words that have the same relationship as the original
pair of words.
1. Backwards is to forward as_______________________.
a. iron is to blacksmith
2. Brush is to paint as _______________________. b. in is to out
3. See is to saw as _______________________. c. pen is to write
d. sailor is to crew
4. Pesticide is to crop as _______________________.
e. boy is to handsome
5. Year is to month as _______________________. f. doctor is to medicine
6. Line is to square as _______________________. g. leave is to left
h. antiseptic is to wound
7. Gold is to goldsmith as _______________________. i. week is to day
8. Professor is to lecture as _______________________. j. arc is to circle

9. Soldier is to regiment _______________________.

10. Girl is to beautiful as _______________________.

Guided Practice 2
Direction: Form the relationship between the first pair of words.
1. alphabetical : __________________ : : sequential : files
a. sort b. part c. list
2. metaphor : _____________________: : analogy : comparison
a. melody b. symbol c. poem
3. light : _________________________ : : heat : fire
a. star b. electricity c. sun
4. bracelet : ______________________ :: belt : waist
a. neck b. wrist c. foot
5. mammal : ______________________ : : fruit : banana
a. snake b. cow c. sparrow
DEPENDENT ACTIVITY:
Analogy Poem Creation
Directions: With a partner, write a series of analogies. The final words in the sets rhyme
giving the analogy a poem feel ( at least 1 stanza , 4 lines).

Example:
In is to out as up is to down.
Large is to huge as city is to town
Laugh is to cry as smile is to frown
Left is to right as hat is to crown.

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INDEPENDENT ACTIVITY:
Analogy Completion

Choose the word that best completes each of the following analogies. The type of
analogy, as indicated in the parentheses, will serve as you guide.

1. boy is to girl as man is to_____________ (Antonyms)

a) mother
b) teacher
c) woman
d) aunt

2. carpenter is to hammer as photographer is to _____________ (Performer and

Object)
a) picture
b) film
c) camera
d) flash
3. host is to hostess as waiter is to _____________ (Antonyms or Synonyms)
a) waitress
b) meal
c) stewardess
d) food

4. lumber is to house as rubber is to _____________ (Part to Whole)

a) tree
b) hammer
c) gum
d) tire
5. empty : full :: awkward : _____________ (Antonyms)
a) graceful
b) clumsy
c) helpful
d) hollow

6. pedal : bicycle :: mantel : _____________ (Part to Whole)

a) burn
b) fireplace
c) ride
d) warm
7. run : sprint :: pretty : _____________ (Degree)
a) nice
b) mean
c) ugly
d) gorgeous

8. rose : flower :: cat : _____________ (Classification)

a) fish
b) animal
c) soft
d) quick
9. mourn : rejoice :: dawn : _____________ (Antonyms)
a) dusk
b) morning
c) sun up
d) day
10. sail : ship :: ride : _____________ (Action and Object)
a) cowboy
b) Cardinal
c) Indian
d) horse