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Dow Answer Center-PU Calculations PDF

This document defines key terms used in polyurethane chemistry: functionality refers to the number of reactive sites on a polyol molecule, hydroxyl number is a measure of the hydroxyl content of a polyol determined by a wet analytical method, and equivalent weight is the weight of a compound per reactive site. It provides equations to calculate hydroxyl number, acid number, and equivalent weight of both individual polyols and polyol blends.

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2K views1 page

Dow Answer Center-PU Calculations PDF

This document defines key terms used in polyurethane chemistry: functionality refers to the number of reactive sites on a polyol molecule, hydroxyl number is a measure of the hydroxyl content of a polyol determined by a wet analytical method, and equivalent weight is the weight of a compound per reactive site. It provides equations to calculate hydroxyl number, acid number, and equivalent weight of both individual polyols and polyol blends.

Uploaded by

A N Murthy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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20/06/2020 Dow Answer Center

De ne polyurethane functionality, OH Number, and equivalent


weight.
Answer ID 15855   |    Updated 10/23/2019 09:07 AM

 PRINT

Functionality: The functionality of a B-side foam ingredient is the number of isocyanate reactive sites on a molecule. For polyols, an average
functionality is generally used.

Acid Number: A number arising from a wet analytical method to determine the amount of residual acidic material in a polyol. It is reported
in the same units as hydroxyl number.

Hydroxyl Number (OH Number): A number arising from a wet analytical method for the hydroxyl content of a polyol; it is the milligrams of
potassium hydroxide equivalent to the hydroxyl content in one gram of polyol or other hydroxyl compound.

where 56.1 is the atomic weight of potassium hydroxide and 1000 is the number of milligrams in one gram of sample. The OH number for
each lot of polyol is provided by the manufacturer.

Polyols are sometimes characterized by quoting the weight percentage of hydroxyl groups. Conversion to hydroxyl number is accomplished
by:

where the number 33 is obtained by reduction of constants. For a mixture of polyols, the hydroxyl number of the mixture (OHm) is given by:

Equivalent Weight of a Polyol: The weight of a compound per reactive site.

Since polyols have a molecular weight distribution, an average equivalent weight is calculated. These calculations are done using the
product analyzed hydroxyl (OH) content and acid number:

For most polyols in use today, the acid number is very low and may be omitted. If the acid number is larger than about 1.0, it should be
factored into the above equation.

Example: The lot analysis for a new batch of polyol indicates a OH Number of 54.2 and an acid number of 0.01. What is the polyol’s
equivalent weight?

Equivalent Weight of a Polyol Blend: For foam systems based on a blend of polyols, the net equivalent weight can be calculated by using
the result of Equation 6.4:

where an acid number for the blend is calculated using the logic of Equation 6.4. Alternatively, the equivalent weight of a polyol blend is
given by:

Polyurethane Foam De nitions - A-Side and B-Side


(https://dowservice.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/5730/session/L2F2LzEvdGltZS8xNTkyNjQ2MDMwL2dlbi8xNTkyNjQ2MDMwL3NpZC9mVW55WW
Polyurethane Foam De nitions - Isocyanate Equivalent Weight
(https://dowservice.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/13360/session/L2F2LzEvdGltZS8xNTkyNjQ2MDMwL2dlbi8xNTkyNjQ2MDMwL3NpZC9mVW55W
Polyurethane Foam De nitions - Isocyanate Index
(https://dowservice.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/13361/session/L2F2LzEvdGltZS8xNTkyNjQ2MDMwL2dlbi8xNTkyNjQ2MDMwL3NpZC9mVW55W

Polyurethane Foam References


(https://dowservice.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/5732/session/L2F2LzEvdGltZS8xNTkyNjQ2MDMwL2dlbi8xNTkyNjQ2MDMwL3NpZC9mVW55WW

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