Operating Instruction Manual Of: Junker's Gas Calorimeter

Operating Instruction
Manual Of
Junker’s Gas Calorimeter
JUNKER’S GAS CALORIMETER PAGE 1 OF 5 mmi

The formula,
Calorific Value of Gas X Volume of Gas = Volume of water X Rise in Temperature, is then
used to determine the Calorific Value of the Gas (assuming that heat capacity of water is unity).
 EQUIPMENT
This equipment consists of the Calorimeter with Powder Coated steel exterior with Burner (with choice
of two nozzles) on a tripod stand, a Gas Flow Meter and a Pressure Governor. Requisite Tubing &
Measuring Jars as well as Thermometers (0.1oC graduation) for reading inlet & outlet water

temperatures are also provided along with a detailed Instruction Manual and Cork for the fitting of the
thermometers..
 CALORIMETER
This Calorimeter covers a wide range between 120 BTU (1000 to 26000 K Cal/m 3). The Calorimeter is
fixed on a tripod stand having leveling screws to keep the Calorimeter in perfectly vertical position.
The Calorimeter mainly consists of a gas combustion chamber, heat exchanger and water flow system.
Heat exchanger is designed for maximum efficiency of heat transfer and is fabricated out of heavily tinned
copper sheet. A constant water head maintenance device provided in the feed water pipe along with the
inlet water flow regulator is fixed to the outer housing of the Calorimeter. The outer housing is of powder
coated steel. This constant water level attachment has an over flow device through which excess water
drains out. Water from this constant head device enters the bottom of the heat exchanger through inlet
water flow regulator and raised along the annular space, comes up to the filtering position at the top and
gets collected at the swinging funnel attachment. While going up it absorbs the heat generated by burning
the gas in the burner located at the bottom of the central chamber of the Calorimeter. Two thermometers
are provided in the water inlet and outlets ports. Temperature of the effluent gas can be measured from the
thermometer fixed at the exhaust gas outlet. Provision for fixing the burner is provided at the Calorimeter
base. An outlet for collection of condensate is provided at the bottom.
 GAS FLOW METER

The Gas Flow Meter is provided. It is a wet type Gas Flow Meter, with recording facility on a mechanical
counter of the number of revolutions made, which gives total volume of gas burnt, For more details of the
Flow Meter, please refer to its individual leaflet.
 PRESSURE GOVERNOR
This is to regulate the pressure of gas before it enters the flowmeter. These governors are factory adjusted
for a required pressure.
 PREPARING FOR A TEST :

1. Prepare the flowmeter for use. (As per the separate instruction manual given with the instrument)
2. Remove the overflow nut from the pressure governor.
3. Remove the thread from balancing beam of the governor.
4. Lift off top lid of the governor.
5. Lift slightly the float.
6. Pour water into the governor till water starts over flowing through the overflow.
7. Replace the tighten the overflow nut.
8. Release float.
9. Replace top lead and thread on the balancing beam.

10. Insert three thermometers provided with the instruments into the rubber cork.
11. Insert the rubber corks with thermometers into their placed in the calorimeter.
12. Insert the burner into its support rod in the bottom of the calorimeter and turn the knurled knob so
that the burner is fixed tightly. The burner must go into the centre of the calorimeter body.
13. Connect the calorimeter, the flowmeter and the pressure governor as in fig, using rubber tubing
provided. Do not connect gas supply line. Take care to see that the water regulator of calorimeter
is in OFF position.
 CONDUCTING A TEST :
1. Turn water regulator knob on calorimeter to ON position. Allow water to flow through the calorimeter from
overhead tank/tap. Allow water to flow for 3 to 4 minutes into laboratory sink, through the calorimeter.
2. Turn water regulator to OFF position.
3. Stop water flow from overhead tank/tap.
4. Ensure that outlet tap of governor is closed.
5. Connect the gas supply line to governor inlet.
6. Remove burner from the calorimeter.
7. Open governor outlet tap.
8. Allow 1 or 2 ltrs of gas (as indicated by flowmeter) to pass through the burner.
9. Light up the burner by holding a lighten matchstick near the mesh at the top.
10. Adjust the air regulator sleeve at the bottom of the burner to get a bluenon-luminous flame.
11. Fix the lighten burner back into position.
12. Adjust water regulator on calorimeter to a get a temperature difference of 12º c to 15º c. between the inlet
water and outlet water as indicated by the respective thermometers at the top of the calorimeter.
13. Allow 20 to 30 minutes for outlet water temperature to become steady.
14. Place empty measuring jar as shown in the fig.
15. Swing the water outlet pipe so that outlet water goes into glass jar. Simultaneously, note the flowmeter
reading.
16. Allow required volume of gas to pass through the flowmeter.
17. As soon as this volume (as indicated by flowmeter) has passed through the flowmeter, note the inlet and
outlet water temperatures and swing back the water outlet pipe to calorimeter sink. Note the volume of
water collected in the measuring jar.
18. Repeat the test with the same volume of gas 3 or 4 times and take average temperature of inlet and outlet
water.
 FORMULA :
The formula to be used to calculate the Calorific Value to the test gas is as follows:
C.V. = (Vw/Vg) x (To – Ti) x 1000
Where,
C.V. = is the Calorific value of gas in the Kilocalories/ m3 .
Vg = is the Volume of gas in liters consumed during test period.
Vw = is the Volume of water in liters passed during test period.

To = is the outlet water temperature in º c.
Ti = is the inlet water temperature in º c.
 PRECAUTIONS :
1. Test readings are to be taken only after steady conditions are reached.
2. Formation of steam should not allowed, if there is formation of steam, then increase the flow of
water or reduce the gas flow rate.
3. Water flow rate should be near constant.
4. The synthetic rubber washers used at the joints and plugs should be refixed if they are for any
reason.
5. The inner float of the pressure governor should not be removed since it may vary the outlet
pressure when refitted.
6. During the initial stages, air bubbles can be eliminated by opening the stop clock at the bottom of
the gas calorimeter and letting out certain quantity of water through it. If the flow to the outlet
funnel is irregular it indicates that there is air locking or there is considerable variation in the
velocity of the tap water.
SHOULD YOU EXPERIENCE ANY TROUBLE, DO WRITE TO US GIVING A DETAILED

DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM AND SERIAL NUMBER OF THE CALORIMETER.
“DO NOT MAKE UNNECESSARY ADJUSTMENTS IN CASE OF DOUBT”
Any suggestions for improvement are always welcomed.

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Operating Instruction

JUNKER’S GAS CALORIMETER PAGE 1 OF 5 mmi

JUNKER’S GAS CALORIMETER PAGE 2 OF 5 mmi

 GAS FLOW METER

 PREPARING FOR A TEST :

JUNKER’S GAS CALORIMETER PAGE 3 OF 5 mmi

C.V. = (Vw/Vg) x (To – Ti) x 1000

JUNKER’S GAS CALORIMETER PAGE 4 OF 5 mmi

SHOULD YOU EXPERIENCE ANY TROUBLE, DO WRITE TO US GIVING A DETAILED

“DO NOT MAKE UNNECESSARY ADJUSTMENTS IN CASE OF DOUBT”

Any suggestions for improvement are always welcomed.

JUNKER’S GAS CALORIMETER PAGE 5 OF 5 mmi

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