Cambridge International Examinations

Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education

*1609274387*

CHEMISTRY 0620/32
Paper 3 Theory (Core) February/March 2016
1 hour 15 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.

Answer all questions.

Electronic calculators may be used.
A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 16.
You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

The syllabus is approved for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2 Certificate.

This document consists of 15 printed pages and 1 blank page.

IB16 03_0620_32/6RP
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1 The diagram shows part of the Periodic Table.

I II III IV V VI VII VIII

Li C N O F Ne
Al Si Cl Ar
Ti Cr Fe Cu Zn Ge Br Kr
Sn I Xe
Pb

Answer the following questions using only the elements in the diagram.
Each element may be used once, more than once or not at all.

(a) Which element

(i) forms 78% of the air,

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) has an oxide which is a product of respiration,

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) is used to make food containers because of its resistance to corrosion,

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iv) forms an ion of type X3+,

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(v) forms an ion whose aqueous solution forms a light blue precipitate on addition of a few
drops of aqueous ammonia?

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

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(b) Calcium is an element with several naturally-occurring isotopes.

(i) What is the meaning of the term element ?

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Two of the isotopes of calcium are

43 48
20 Ca and 20 Ca .

Complete the table to show the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in one atom of
each of these isotopes.

43 48
20 Ca 20 Ca

number of protons

number of neutrons

number of electrons
[3]

(iii) Determine the number of electrons in one calcium ion, Ca2+.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 10]

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2 Molten potassium bromide can be electrolysed using the apparatus shown.

– + graphite
electrodes

molten
potassium bromide

(a) Predict the products of this electrolysis at the

positive electrode (anode), ........................................................................................................

negative electrode (cathode). ....................................................................................................

[2]

(b) (i) Explain why graphite electrodes are used in this electrolysis.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Give one other use of graphite.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) When chlorine is bubbled through an aqueous solution of potassium bromide, the solution
turns red-brown in colour.

Which substance causes the red-brown colour?

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(d) Describe what you would observe when an aqueous solution of potassium bromide is added
to an acidified aqueous solution of silver nitrate.

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(e) Silver nitrate decomposes when heated. One of the products is nitrogen dioxide.

State one adverse effect of nitrogen dioxide on health.

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 7]

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3 Many metals react with either cold water or steam.

(a) Describe the reaction of sodium with cold water, and iron with steam.
In your answer describe
• the products formed,
• any observations that can be made.

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [4]

(b) Iron reacts with hydrochloric acid.

Fe(s) + 2HCl (aq) → FeCl 2(aq) + H2(g)

Describe a practical method to investigate the rate of this reaction.

You may draw a labelled diagram.

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [3]

(c) The experiment in (b) was repeated using different sized pieces of iron.
All other conditions remained the same.
The sizes of the pieces of iron were
• large pieces,
• small pieces,
• iron powder.

Complete the table below by writing the sizes of the pieces in the first column.

sizes of the rate of reaction in

pieces of iron cm3 hydrogen / min

25
3
10
[1]

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(d) The graph shows the effect of temperature on the rate of the reaction of hydrochloric acid with
iron.

25

20

15
rate of reaction
in cm3 hydrogen
/ min
10

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
temperature / °C

(i) Describe the effect of temperature on the rate of this reaction.

.............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) Determine the rate of reaction at 60 °C.

................................. cm3 hydrogen / min [1]

(e) Describe how the concentration of hydrochloric acid affects the rate of its reaction with iron.

....................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 12]

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4 The structures of sodium chloride and nitrogen are shown below.

Na+ Cl – Na+ Cl –
N N
Cl – Na+ Cl – Na+ N N

Na+ Cl – Na+ Cl –
N N
N N
Cl – Na+ Cl – Na+

sodium chloride nitrogen

(a) Describe the structure and bonding of these two substances and the differences in
• their volatility,
• their electrical conductivity.

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [5]

(b) Ammonia is manufactured by reacting nitrogen with hydrogen using a catalyst.

(i) What is the purpose of the catalyst?

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Complete the chemical equation for this reaction.

N2 + .....H2 → .....NH3 [2]

(iii) Complete the electronic structure of a molecule of ammonia.

Show only the outer electrons.

H N H

[2]

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(iv) Ammonia reacts with copper(II) oxide.

2NH3 + 3CuO → 3Cu + 3H2O + N2

Which compound is reduced in this reaction?

Explain your answer.

.............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 12]

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5 (a) The table shows some properties of cobalt, copper, magnesium and tin.

relative heat density in melting point relative

metal
conduction g / cm3 / °C strength

cobalt 1.00 8.90 1495 55.0

copper 3.85 8.92 1083 32.0
magnesium 1.50 1.74 649 1.5
tin 0.64 7.28 232 1.0

Answer the questions using the information shown in the table.

(i) Which metal is the best to use for the base of a pan for cooking food?
Use information in the table to give reasons for your answer.

.............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) Which two metals in the table are transition elements?

Use information in the table to give reasons for your answer.

.............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [2]

(iii) Which metal in the table is most likely to be used in an alloy for aircraft bodies?
Use information in the table to give reasons for your answer.

.............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) Some observations about the reactions of the four metals with hydrochloric acid are shown in
the table.

metal observations
cobalt Bubbles formed very slowly.
copper No bubbles formed.
magnesium Many bubbles formed very rapidly.
tin A steady stream of bubbles formed.

Use the information in the table to put these metals in order of their reactivity with hydrochloric
acid.

least reactive most reactive

[2]

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(c) Crystals of hydrated cobalt(II) sulfate, CoSO4.7H2O, can be made by reacting dilute
sulfuric acid with insoluble cobalt carbonate.

Describe how you could prepare a pure dry sample of cobalt(II) sulfate crystals from dilute
sulfuric acid and cobalt(II) carbonate.

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [4]

(d) When heated, hydrated cobalt(II) sulfate forms an anhydrous salt in a reversible reaction.

(i) Complete the equation for this reaction by inserting the sign for a reversible reaction in the
box.

CoSO4.7H2O CoSO4 + 7H2O

hydrated cobalt(II) sulfate anhydrous cobalt(II) sulfate
pale red dark blue

[1]

(ii) Suggest how you could use this reaction to test for the presence of water.

.............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 15]

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6 Citric acid is found in lemon juice. Citric acid shows typical acidic properties.

(a) Describe how you could determine the pH of a solution of lemon juice using Universal Indicator.

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [2]

(b) The structure of citric acid is shown below.

O O H
C

O H C H

C C O H

H O H C H

C
O O H

(i) On the diagram, draw a ring around a carboxylic acid functional group. [1]

(ii) State the name of one other carboxylic acid.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) Calcium citrate can be prepared by neutralising aqueous citric acid with excess calcium
carbonate.

(i) Complete the word equation for this reaction.

citric calcium calcium

+ → + +
acid carbonate citrate

[2]

(ii) Suggest how you could separate the excess calcium carbonate from the rest of the
solution.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

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(d) The energy level diagram for the reaction of citric acid with sodium hydrogen carbonate is
shown below.

products

energy

reactants

Is this reaction exothermic or endothermic?

Give a reason for your answer.

....................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(e) Both citric acid and ethanol can be manufactured by fermentation.

(i) Complete the chemical equation for the fermentation of glucose to form ethanol.

C6H12O6 → .....C2H5OH + .....CO2 [2]

(ii) State two conditions needed for fermentation.

.............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [2]

(iii) Complete the table below and calculate the relative molecular mass of glucose.

type of atom number of atoms relative atomic mass

carbon 6 12 6 × 12 = 72

hydrogen

oxygen

relative molecular mass = ........................ [2]

[Total: 14]

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7 Rhenium is a metal.

(a) Describe three physical properties of rhenium.

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [3]

(b) The structure of a rhenium chloride molecule is shown.

Cl
Cl

Cl
Cl

Re
Re
Cl
Re
Cl
Cl
Cl

Cl

Determine the simplest formula for this chloride of rhenium.

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(c) Rhenium oxide is a yellow solid which undergoes sublimation at a low temperature.

What is the meaning of the term sublimation?

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(d) Rhenium oxide reacts with water to form perrhenic acid.

Perrhenic acid is strongly acidic.

(i) Which one of the following pH values represents an acidic solution?

Draw a ring around the correct answer.

pH 2 pH 7 pH 9 pH 14
[1]

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(ii) Perrhenic acid reacts with potassium hydroxide.

Complete the word equation for this reaction.

perrhenic potassium potassium

+ → +
acid hydroxide perrhenate

[1]

(iii) Which one of the following compounds will react with perrhenic acid?
Tick one box.

ethane

hydrochloric acid

potassium carbonate

sodium chloride
[1]

(e) Potassium perrhenate has a similar formula to potassium manganate(VII).

Potassium manganate(VII) decomposes to give off oxygen.

Describe a test for oxygen.

test .............................................................................................................................................

result ..........................................................................................................................................
[2]

[Total: 10]

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 The Periodic Table of Elements

© UCLES 2016
Group
I II III IV V VI VII VIII
1 2

H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
3 4 atomic number 5 6 7 8 9 10
Li Be atomic symbol B C N O F Ne
lithium beryllium name boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon
7 9 relative atomic mass 11 12 14 16 19 20
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
16

Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131

0620/32/F/M/16
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
lanthanoids
Cs Ba Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
caesium barium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
Fr Ra Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Fl Lv
francium radium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium flerovium livermorium
– – – – – – – – – – – – –

57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71

lanthanoids La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
lanthanum cerium praseodymium neodymium promethium samarium europium gadolinium terbium dysprosium holmium erbium thulium ytterbium lutetium
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103

actinoids Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
actinium thorium protactinium uranium neptunium plutonium americium curium berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendelevium nobelium lawrencium
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –

The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.)