Exponential and Logarithmic Series 19

x2 x3 sin x sin 2 x sin 3 x

1. If yx   .....  , then x S 
1!

2!

3!
 ...... is equal to [AMU
2 3
2001]
[MNR 1973]
(a) exp (ix)
y2 y3
(a) y    .....  (b) exp[cos(si n x )  i sin(sin x )]
2 3
(c) exp [exp(ix )]
y2 y3
(b) y   .... 
2! 3! (d) exp(cos x ) [exp( ix )]

y2 y3 1 1 1
(c) 1  y    ...... 6. The sum of series    ... is [AIEEE 2004]
2! 3! 2! 4 ! 6 !

(d) None of these (e 2  2) (e  1)2

(a) (b)
1 1  2 1  2  22
e 2e
2.    .....  
1! 2! 3! (e 2  1) (e 2  1)
(c) (d)
[AMU 1992; Kurukshetra CEE 1999; EAMCET 2002] 2e 2
(a) e2 (b) e2 1 7. If  ,  are the roots of the equation x 2  px  q  0 ,

(c) e2  e (d) e 3  e 2 then log e (1  px  qx 2 ) 


x 3n 
x 3n 2 2   2 2 3  3 3
3. If a  (3 n) !
,b   (3 n  2) !
and (a) (   ) x 
2
x 
3
x  ...... 
n 0 n 1
(b)

x 3 n 1
c  then the value of (   )2 2 (   )3 3
n 1 (3 n  1)! (   ) x  x  x  ...... 
2 3
a 3  b 3  c 3  3 abc 
2   2 2 3   3 3
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) (   ) x  x  x  ...... 
2 3
(c) – 1 (d) – 2
(d) None of these
4. If S n denotes the sum of the products of the first n natural
8. If 0  y  21 / 3 and x (y 3  1)  1 , then

S
numbers taken two at a time, then  (n n1) ! = 2

2
3

2
 ...... 
n 0 x 3x 5x5
[EAMCET 2003]
11 e 11 e
(a) (b)
24 12  y3 
(a) log  3 
13 e  y  2 
(c) (d) None of these
24  y3 
(b) log  
5. Sum of the series 3
 1  y 
cos x cos 2 x cos 3 x
C 1     ...... and  2y 3 
1! 2! 3! log  3 
(c)
 1  y 
 20 Exponential and Logarithmic Series

 y3  1
log  (c) log 2 (d) 2 log 2
3 
(d) 3
 1  2 y 
2 2 2
9. If log(1  x  x 2 )  a1 x  a 2 x 2  a 3 x 3  ..... , then 10. The sum of 1     .... is
1 .2 .3 3 .4 .5 5 .6 .7
a 3  a 6  a 9  .... is equal to [Kurukshetra CEE 2002] [Roorkee 1980; MP PET 2002, 03]

2 (a) 2 log e 2 (b) log e 2

(a) log 2 (b) log 2
3 (c) 3 log e 3 (d) 3 log e 2

(SET - 8)

x2 x3 x4
1. (b) yx    ........  log e (1  x ) 2x2 2x3
2 3 4 a  b   c 2  1  x    ...  e x
2! 3!
 e y  1  x  x  1  e y
(  is an imaginary cube root of unity)

and a  b  2  c  e  x

 y y2 
 y y2 y3
 1  1    ......      ...... Now

 1! 2! 
 1! 2! 3!
a  b  c 3  3 abc  (a  b  c)(a  b   c 2 )
3 3
2
1 12 122
2. (c)    ....  (a  b  2  c )
1! 2! 3!
2 2
nth terms of series is given by  e x e x e  x
 e x (1   )
 e 0. x  e 0  1 .
1
1  2  2 2  ....  2 n 1 2n  1 2n 1
4. (a) Since  ab  2
[(a)2  (a 2 )]
Tn    
n! (2  1)n! n! n!
 S n  sum of the product of first n natural numbers
Putting n = 1, 2, 3, ......
1
taken two at a time  [(n)2  (n 2 )]
2 1 22 1 23 1 2
T1   ; T2   ; T3  
1! 1! 2! 2! 3! 3!
1  n(n  1)  2 n(n  1)(2n  1) 
.......................     
2  2  6 
........................
Adding, we get 1
 n(n  1)(n  1)(3 n  2)
24
2 2 3 
  2  2  ....    1  1  1  .... 
 1! 2! 3!   1! 2! 3!  Sn 1  3 n  2  3(n  2)  8
      
(n  1)! 24  (n  2)!  24 (n  2)!
= (e 2  1)  (e  1)  (e 2  e ) .
 
1 1 1 1
3. (a) 
8
 (n  3)!  3
 (n  2)!
n 0 n 0

x 3n 
x 3n  2 
x 3 n 1
ab c    
(3 n)! n 1 (3 n  2)! n 1 (3 n  1)!
n 0
  
S 1 1 1 1
1 x 
x2 x3
  ...  e x
 (n n1) !  8  (n  3) !  3  (n  2) !
n 0 n 0 n 0
2! 3!
 Exponential and Logarithmic Series 21
e e 11 e
   .
8 3 24
 1 
5. (c) 1  3 
 1  (1 / x )   y 1   y3 
(cos x  i sin x ) (cos 2 x  i sin 2 x )  log    log   log  
C  iS  1    ..... 1  (1 / x ))  1   y3  2  .
1! 2!   1  3   
 y  1 

e ix (e ix ) 2 (e ix ) 3  x6 x9 x 12 
1     ..... 9. (b) log(1  x  x )   x 
2 3
   .... 
1! 2! 3! 2 3 4
 
ix
 ee  exp [exp( ix )] .
 x2 x3 x4 
+   x     .... 
e x  e x x2 x4  2 3 4 
6. (b) We have, 1    .....
2 2! 4!
x2  1 x4 x5  1 1
Put x  1 = x  x 3 1      x 6   
2  3 4 5  2 6
1 1 e  e 1
= 1   ......  x7 x8 1 1
2! 4 ! 2    x 9     ...
7 8 3 9
1 1 e2 1
= 1   ...... 
2! 4 ! 2e

1 1 e2 1
1    ...  1
2! 4 ! 2e

1 1 (e  1) 2
   ........  .
2! 4 ! 2e

7. (a) Given     p ;  .   q

 log e (1  px  qx 2 )

 log e {1  (   )x  x 2 }
***
 log e (1  x )(1  x )


 (ax )2 (ax )3 
   (x )2 (x )3 

ax    ..... 
  x    ....... 

 2 3 
   2 3 


2  2 2 3  3 3
 (   )x  x  x  ......  .
2 3

1
8. (a) x 3 and given data is
y 1

1 1 1 
 2  2
 5
 ..... 
 x 3x 5x 

 log(1  x  x 2 )  a1 x  a 2 x 2  a 3 x 3  a 4 x 4  ...
 22 Exponential and Logarithmic Series
1 1 1 1 1
 a3  1  , a6    , a9  
3 2 6 3 9
1
 a3  a6  a9  ....  1  
3

 1 1 1 1
         ...
 2 6 3 9
2  2  2  2 
=         ....
3  6  9  12 

2  1 1 1  2
  1     ....   log 2 .
3  2 3 4  3
2 1 1
10. (a) Now   ,
1 .2 .3 1 .2 2 .3
2 1 1
  and so on
3 .4 .5 3 .4 4 .5
 Sum

 1 1   1 1 
1        ....
 1 . 2 2 . 3   3 .4 4.5 
=

 1 1   1 1 
1   ....      .... 
 1 .2 3 .4   2 .3 4 .5 
=

 1 1 1  1 1 1 
1   1     ...       ... 
 2 3 4  2 3 4 
 1 1 1 
= 2 1     ...   2 log e 2 .
 2 3 4 