Page 1 of 7

ESFR PENDENT
TECHNICAL DATA SPRINKLER VK510 (K25.2)

The Viking Corporation, 210 N Industrial Park Drive, Hastings MI 49058

Telephone: 269-945-9501 Technical Services: 877-384-5464 Fax: 269-818-1680 Email: techsvcs@vikingcorp.com
Visit the Viking website for the latest edition of this technical data page: www.vikinggroupinc.com

1. DESCRIPTION
Viking Early Suppression Fast Response (ESFR) Pendent Sprinkler VK510 in-
corporates the capability to suppress specific high-challenge fires. The addition
of a larger K-Factor allows ESFR performance at lower end-head pressures than
ESFR K14 sprinklers. K25.2 ESFR sprinklers can:
• Eliminate the use of in-rack sprinklers when protecting high-piled storage of
certain specified materials up to specific heights.*
• Reduce or eliminate the need for a system fire pump.
• Provide flexibility when sizing system piping.
Viking VK510 ESFR Pendent Sprinklers are primarily intended to protect the fol-
lowing types of storage, which tend to produce severe-challenge fires: palletized
and solid pile storage and single, double, multiple row, and portable open rack
storage (no open-top containers or solid shelves).
Viking ESFR Pendent VK510 Sprinklers provide protection of most common stor-
age materials, including:
• Encapsulated or unencapsulated Class I, II, III, and IV commodities*.
TABLE 1
• cULus Listed for protection of cartoned unexpanded plastic commodi-
ties and FM Approved for protection of cartoned and uncartoned unex- SPRINKLER GENERAL INFORMATION
panded plastic commodities*. Item Description
• FM Approved for protection of exposed expanded polystyrene and ex- Sprinkler Identification
posed expanded polyurethane commodities*. VK510
Number (SIN)
In addition, some storage arrangements of rolled paper, flammable liquids, K-factor, gpm/psi½ (lpm/bar½) 25.2 (363)
aerosols, and rubber tires may be protected by Viking ESFR Pendent
Thread Size 1” NPT (25mm BSPT)
Sprinkler VK510.
Sprinkler Orientation Pendent
2. LISTINGS AND APPROVALS Maximum Working Pressure
175 psi (12 bar)
cULus Listed: Category VNWH (Listed as a Specific Application PSI (bar)
ESFR Sprinkler)

FM Approved: Class 2026 

VdS Approved: Certificate G4040015
LPCB Approved: Ref. No. 096g/01

China Approval: Approved according to China GB Standard

The 10280 VK510, ESFR Pendent Sprinkler Assembly conforms to the provision of CUAP11.03/03 standard.
CUAP11.03/03 approvals are provided by: FM Approvals Ltd. 1 Windsor Dials Windsor, Berkshire, UK. SL4 1 RS
Approval Certificate No. issued December 20, 2010.
Note: Other International approval certificates are available upon request.
* Refer the Approval Chart and Commodity Selection and Design Criteria Overview for cULus Listing and FM Approval requirements that must be
followed.

3. TECHNICAL DATA
Specifications:
Minimum Operating Pressure: Refer to NFPA 13 or FM Global Loss Prevention Data Sheets.
Maximum Working Pressure: 175 psi (12 bar). Factory tested hydrostatically to 500 psi (34.5 bar).
Thread size: 1” NPT for Sprinkler 12080, 25 mm BSPT for Sprinkler 12200
Nominal K-factor: 25.2 U.S. (363 metric*)
* Metric K-factor measurement shown is in bar. When pressure is measured in kPa, divide the metric K-factor shown by 10.0.

Form No. F_100102 20.01.23 Rev 20.1 Replaces Form No F_100102 Rev 19.2
(Revised FM Specification)
 Page 2 of 7

ESFR PENDENT
TECHNICAL DATA SPRINKLER VK510 (K25.2)

The Viking Corporation, 210 N Industrial Park Drive, Hastings MI 49058

Telephone: 269-945-9501 Technical Services: 877-384-5464 Fax: 269-818-1680 Email: techsvcs@vikingcorp.com
Visit the Viking website for the latest edition of this technical data page: www.vikinggroupinc.com

Overall Length: 3-3/16” (81 mm)

Deflector Diameter: 1-3/4” (44.5 mm)
Covered by one or more of the following patents: US5,829,532; US6,059,044; US6,336,509; US6,502,643; US6,868,917; AU722593; GB2336777
Material Standards:
Frame Casting: Brass UNS-C84400
Deflector: Phosphor Bronze UNS-C51000
Seat: Copper UNS-C11000 and Stainless Steel UNS-S30400
Belleville Spring Sealing Assembly: Nickel Alloy, coated on both sides with Teflon Tape
Compression Screw: Stainless Steel UNS-S31603
Trigger and Support: Stainless Steel UNS-S31600
Fusible Element Assembly: Beryllium Nickel, coated with black acrylic paint.
Ordering Information: (Also refer to the current Viking price list.)
Order ESFR Pendent Sprinkler VK510 by first adding the appropriate suffix for the sprinkler finish and then the appropriate suffix
for the temperature rating to sprinkler base part number.
Finish Suffix: Brass = A
Temperature Suffix: 165 °F (74 °C) = C, 205 °F (96 °C) = E
For example, Sprinkler VK510 with 1” NPT threads, Brass finish, and 165 °F (74 °C) temperature rating = Part No. 12080AC.
Accessories: (Also refer to the Viking website.)
Sprinkler Wrenches:
A. Part No. 13635W/B (double-ended wrench - Use Side B. Side A is for use with K14.0 ESFR Pendent Sprinkler VK500)
Available since 2006.
Sprinkler Cabinet: Six-head capacity: Part No. 01731A (available since 1971)

4. INSTALLATION
A. Sprinklers must be handled with care. They must be stored in a cool, dry place in their original shipping container. Never

WARNING
Viking sprinklers are manufactured and tested to meet rigid requirements of the approving agencies. The sprinklers
are designed to be installed in accordance with recognized installation standards or FM Global Loss Prevention Data
Sheets. System design must be based on ESFR design guidelines described in the latest edition of the applicable FM
Global Loss Prevention Data Sheets, the latest NFPA Standards, the latest standards of Verband der Sachversicherer
(VdS), Loss Prevention Council (LPCB), the Authorities Having Jurisdiction, and also with the provisions of govern-
mental codes, ordinances, and standards whenever applicable. Deviation from the standards or any alteration to the
sprinkler after it leaves the factory including, but not limited to: painting, plating, coating, or modification, may render
the sprinkler inoperative and will automatically nullify the approval and any guarantee made by The Viking Corporation.
install sprinklers that have been dropped or damaged in any way. Such sprinklers should be destroyed immediately.
NOTE: Wet pipe systems must be provided with adequate heat.
B. The sprinklers must be installed after the piping is in place to prevent mechanical damage. Before installing, be sure to have the
appropriate sprinkler model and style, with the correct orifice size, temperature rating, and response characteristics.
C. With the sprinkler contained in the plastic protective cap, apply a small amount of pipe-joint compound or tape to the male
threads only, while taking care not to allow a build-up of compound in the sprinkler orifice.
D. Use ONLY sprinkler wrench 13635W/B (shown in Figure 1) for installing ESFR Sprinkler VK510! With the sprinkler
contained in the protective cap, install the sprinkler onto the piping by applying the sprinkler wrench to the sprinkler
wrench flats only, while taking care not to damage the sprinkler operating parts.
• DO NOT use any other type of wrench, as this could damage the unit.
• DO NOT use the sprinkler deflector or fusible element to start or thread the sprinkler into a fitting.
• DO NOT exceed 20-30 ft. lbs. of torque (hand tight plus 1 to 1-1/2 tuirns with the wrench; over-tightening may distort the
sprinkler inlet with consequent leakage or impairment of the sprinkler.
E. After installation, the entire sprinkler system must be tested. The test must be conducted to comply with the Installation
Standards. Make sure the sprinkler has been properly tightened. If a thread leak occurs, normally the unit must be removed,
new pipe-joint compound or tape applied, and then reinstalled. This is due to the fact that when the joint seal is damaged,
the sealing compound or tape is washed out of the joint. Immediately replace any damaged units, using the special sprinkler
wrench only.

Form No. F_100102 20.01.23 Rev 20.1

 Page 3 of 7

ESFR PENDENT
TECHNICAL DATA SPRINKLER VK510 (K25.2)

The Viking Corporation, 210 N Industrial Park Drive, Hastings MI 49058

Telephone: 269-945-9501 Technical Services: 877-384-5464 Fax: 269-818-1680 Email: techsvcs@vikingcorp.com
Visit the Viking website for the latest edition of this technical data page: www.vikinggroupinc.com

F. After installation and testing and repairing of all leaks, remove the protective caps from the sprinklers. Do NOT use any
type of tool to remove the cap. Remove the cap by hand: turn it slightly and pull it off the sprinkler. When removing
caps, use care to prevent dislodging or damaging sprinkler fusible element. THE CAPS MUST BE REMOVED FROM
SPRINKLERS BEFORE PLACING THE SYSTEM IN SERVICE!
5. OPERATION
During fire conditions, the heat-sensitive fusible element assembly disengages, releasing the seat and belleville spring assembly
to open the waterway. Water flowing through the sprinkler orifice strikes the sprinkler deflector, forming a uniform spray pattern to
suppress the fire.
6. INSPECTIONS, TESTS AND MAINTENANCE
NOTICE
The owner is responsible for maintaining the fire protection system and devices in proper operating condition. For
minimum maintenance and inspection requirements, refer to the NFPA standard that describes care and maintenance
of sprinkler systems. In addition, the Authorities Having Jurisdiction may have additional maintenance, testing, and
inspection requirements that must be followed.

A. The sprinklers must be inspected on a regular basis for corrosion, mechanical damage, obstructions, paint, etc. The frequency
of inspections may vary due to corrosive atmosphere, water supplies, and activity around the device.
B. Sprinklers that have been painted or mechanically damaged must be replaced immediately. Sprinklers showing signs of corrosion
shall be tested and/or replaced immediately as required. Installation standards require sprinklers to be tested and, if necessary,
replaced after a specified term of service. For Viking ESFR Pendent Sprinklers, refer to the Installation Standards (e.g., NFPA 25)
and the Authorities Having Jurisdiction for the specified period of time after which testing and/or replacement is required. Sprinklers
that have operated cannot be reassembled or reused, but must be replaced. When replacing sprinklers, use only new sprinklers.
C. The sprinkler discharge pattern is critical for proper fire protection. Therefore, nothing should be hung from, attached to, or
otherwise obstruct the discharge pattern. All obstructions must be immediately removed or, if necessary, additional sprinklers
installed.
D. When replacing existing sprinklers, the system must be removed from service. Refer to the appropriate system description and/
or valve instructions. Prior to removing the system from service, notify all Authorities Having Jurisdiction. Consideration should
be given to employment of a fire patrol in the affected area.
1. Remove the system from service, drain all water, and relieve all pressure on the piping.
2. Using the special sprinkler wrench, remove the old sprinkler and install the new unit. Care must be taken to ensure that
the replacement sprinkler is the proper model and style, with the correct orifice size, temperature rating, and response
characteristics. A fully stocked spare sprinkler cabinet should be provided for this purpose.
3. Place the system back in service and secure all valves. Check the replaced sprinklers and repair all leaks.
E. Sprinkler systems that have been subject to a fire must be returned to service as soon as possible. The entire system must
be inspected for damage and repaired or replaced as necessary. Sprinklers that have been exposed to corrosive products of
combustion, but have not operated, should be replaced. Refer to the Authorities Having Jurisdiction for minimum replacement
requirements.
7. AVAILABILITY
The Viking Model VK510 Sprinkler is available through a network of domestic and international distributors. See The Viking
Corporation web site for the closest distributor or contact The Viking Corporation.
8. GUARANTEE
For details of warranty, refer to Viking’s current list price schedule or contact Viking directly.

Form No. F_100102 20.01.23 Rev 20.1

 Page 4 of 7

ESFR PENDENT
TECHNICAL DATA SPRINKLER VK510 (K25.2)

The Viking Corporation, 210 N Industrial Park Drive, Hastings MI 49058

Telephone: 269-945-9501 Technical Services: 877-384-5464 Fax: 269-818-1680 Email: techsvcs@vikingcorp.com
Visit the Viking website for the latest edition of this technical data page: www.vikinggroupinc.com

AVAILABLE SPRINKLER TEMPERATURE RATINGS AND FINISHES

Sprinkler Temperature Sprinkler Nominal Maximum Ambient
Frame Paint Color
Classification Temperature Rating1 Ceiling Temperature2
Ordinary 165 °F (74 °C) 100 °F (38 °C) None
Intermediate 205 °F (96 °C) 150 °F (65 °C) White
Sprinkler Finish: Brass
Footnotes
1
The sprinkler temperature rating is stamped on the deflector.
2
Based on NFPA-13. Other limits may apply, depending on fire loading, sprinkler location, and other requirements of the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
Refer to specific installation standards.

1-9/16”
Wrench Flat (40 mm)

Protective
Sprinkler Cap 3-3/16”
(81 mm)

1-5/8”
(42 mm)
Use Side B for
ESFR Pendent
K25.2 Sprinkler 1-3/4”
Dimensions are
VK510 approximate. (45 mm)

Figure 1: Figure 2:
ESFR Pendent Sprinkler Wrench ESFR Pendent Sprinkler VK510 Dimensions

Form No. F_100102 20.01.23 Rev 20.1

 Page 5 of 7

ESFR PENDENT
TECHNICAL DATA SPRINKLER VK510 (K25.2)

The Viking Corporation, 210 N Industrial Park Drive, Hastings MI 49058

Telephone: 269-945-9501 Technical Services: 877-384-5464 Fax: 269-818-1680 Email: techsvcs@vikingcorp.com
Visit the Viking website for the latest edition of this technical data page: www.vikinggroupinc.com

Approval Chart
ESFR Pendent Sprinkler VK510
Maximum 175 PSI (12 bar) WWP
Nominal Listings and Approvals3,4,7
Overall Length
Base Part K-Factor (Refer also to Tables 2 & 3.)
SIN Thread Size
Number1 China
U.S. metric2 Inches mm cULus5 NYC VdS LPCB FM
Approval
12080 VK510 1” NPT 25.2 363 3-3/16 81 A1 See Footnote 6. A1 A1 A1 --
12200 VK510 25 mm BSPT 25.2 363 3-3/16 81 A1 See Footnote 6. A1 A1 A1 --
203738 VK510 25 mm BSPT 25.2 363 3-3/16 81 B1 -- -- -- B1 B1
Approved Temperature Ratings
Approved Finish
A - 165 °F (74 °C) and 205 °F (96 °C)
1 - Brass
B - 165 °F (74 °C)
Footnotes
1
Base part number shown. For complete part number, refer to the price list.
2
Metric K-Factor measurement shown is when pressure is measured in bar. When pressure is measured in kPa, divide the metric K-Factor shown by 10.0.
3
This chart shows listings and approvals available at the time of printing. Other approvals may be in process.
4
Refer to the latest standards of NFPA 13, FM Global Loss Prevention Data Sheets, LPCB Loss Prevention Standards, and the latest VdS standards.
5
Listed by Underwriters Laboratories Inc. for use in the U.S. and Canada as a Specific Application ESFR Sprinkler (refer to the deflector position
requirements on page 7).
6
Meets New York City requirements, effective July 1, 2008.
7
FM Approved as a quick response pendent Non-Storage sprinkler and also FM Approved as a quick response pendent Storage sprinkler. Refer to
Tables 2 & 3.
8
Approved according to China GB Standard.

IMPORTANT: Always refer to Bulletin Form No. F_091699 - Care and Handling of Sprinklers. Viking ESFR Pendent Sprinklers
are to be installed in accordance with the latest edition of Viking technical data, the latest standards of NFPA, FM Global Loss
Prevention Data Sheets including 2-0 and 8-9, VdS, LPCB, and any other Authorities Having Jurisdiction, and also with provi-
sions of governmental codes, ordinances, and standards whenever applicable.

Form No. F_100102 20.01.23 Rev 20.1

 Page 6 of 7

ESFR PENDENT
TECHNICAL DATA SPRINKLER VK510 (K25.2)

The Viking Corporation, 210 N Industrial Park Drive, Hastings MI 49058

Telephone: 269-945-9501 Technical Services: 877-384-5464 Fax: 269-818-1680 Email: techsvcs@vikingcorp.com
Visit the Viking website for the latest edition of this technical data page: www.vikinggroupinc.com

TABLE 2
COMMODITY SELECTION AND DESIGN CRITERIA OVERVIEW FOR MODEL VK510 ESFR PENDENT SPRINKLERS

Storage Type NFPA FM

Sprinkler Type ESFR Storage

Response Type ESFR QR

System Type Wet Pipe system only Wet Pipe system only

Temperature Rating(s) ºF (ºC) 165 ºF (74 ºC) and 205 (96 ºC) 165 ºF (74 ºC) and 205 (96 ºC)

Open Frame Single, Double, Multiple-

Row, or Portable Rack Storage of Class I-IV Refer to NFPA 13. Refer to FM 2-0 and 8-9.
and Group A or B Plastics

Solid Pile or Palletized Storage of Class I-IV and

Refer to NFPA 13. Refer to FM 2-0 and 8-9.
Group A or B Plastics

Idle Pallet Storage Refer to NFPA 13. Refer to FM 2-0, 8-9, and 8-24.

Rubber Tire Storage Refer to NFPA 13. Refer to FM 2-0 and 8-3.

Rolled Paper Storage (Refer to the standard.) Refer to NFPA 13. Refer to FM 8-21.

Flammable Liquid Storage (Refer to the standard.) Refer to NFPA 30. Refer to FM 7-29

Aerosol Storage (Refer to the standard.) Refer to NFPA 30B Refer to FM 7-31

Automotive Components in Portable Racks

Refer to NFPA 13. N/A
(Control mode only, refer to the standard.)

IMPORTANT: Always refer to Bulletin Form No. F_091699 - Care and Handling of Sprinklers. Viking ESFR Pendent Sprinklers
are to be installed in accordance with the latest edition of Viking technical data, the latest standards of NFPA, FM Global,
VdS, LPCB, and any other Authorities Having Jurisdiction, and also with provisions of governmental codes, ordinances, and
standards whenever applicable.

Form No. F_100102 20.01.23 Rev 20.1

 Page 7 of 7

ESFR PENDENT
TECHNICAL DATA SPRINKLER VK510 (K25.2)

The Viking Corporation, 210 N Industrial Park Drive, Hastings MI 49058

Telephone: 269-945-9501 Technical Services: 877-384-5464 Fax: 269-818-1680 Email: techsvcs@vikingcorp.com
Visit the Viking website for the latest edition of this technical data page: www.vikinggroupinc.com

TABLE 3:
COMMODITY SELECTION AND DESIGN CRITERIA OVERVIEW FOR MODEL VK510
SPECIFIC APPLICATION LISTING (UL) AND
ESFR, QUICK RESPONSE STORAGE, AND QUICK RESPONSE NON-STORAGE APPROVALS (FM)
Description Specification, UL Specification, FM
Sprinkler Type ESFR QR Storage
Temperature Rating 165 ºF (74 ºC) and 205 (96 ºC) 165 ºF (74 ºC) and 205 (96 ºC)
Response Type ESFR QR

Pendent, frame arms aligned with pipe, deflectors Pendent, frame arms aligned with pipe, deflectors
Sprinkler Position
parallel with ceiling or roof parallel to floor.

System Type Wet Pipe System only Wet Pipe System only
100 ft2
Maximum Area of Coverage 100 ft2 (9.3 m2)
Refer to FM 2-0, Table 17
64 ft2 (5.9 m2)
Minimum Area of Coverage 64 ft2 (5.9 m2)
Refer to FM 2-0, Table 17
Up to 10°
Maximum Ceiling Slope 2 in 12
Refer to FM 2-0, Section 2.2.1.6
Up to 30 ft.: 12 ft. (3.7 m)
Maximum Spacing 10 ft. spacing (3.0 m) For building over 30 ft.: 10 ft. (3.0 m)
Refer to FM 8-9, Section 2.3.3.3
Minimum Spacing 8 ft. spacing (2.4 m) Refer to FM 8-9, Section 2.3.3.3

Deflector Distance from Minimum of 4 in. (102 mm) from walls but no more than
Refer to FM 2-0, Section 2.2.3.3
Walls 1/2 the allowable distance permitted between sprinklers

Minimum of 36 inches (914 mm)

Deflector to Top of Storage Minimum of 36 in. (914 mm) Refer to FM 2-0 Section 2.2.2.1
and FM 8-9, Section 2.2.6
Ceiling/roof heights up to 40 ft. (12.2 m):
Deflector** to Ceiling 6–18 in. (152–457 mm)
Refer to FM 2-0
Distance Ceiling/roof heights of 40–45 ft. (12.2–13.7 m):
6–14 in. (152–356 mm)
Maximum Ceiling Height 45 ft. (13.7 m) 50 ft. (15.2 m)
Maximum Storage Height 40 ft. (12.2 m) 45 ft. (13.7 m)
Palletized, solid piled, open frame; single row, double
Storage Arrangement Refer to FM 8-9, Tables 2 through 11
row, or multiple row and portable rack arrangement
Commodity Class I-IV, Cartoned unexpanded plastic Refer to FM 8-1 and 8-9
NFPA 13 for ESFR Sprinklers based upon 40 psi
Sprinkler System Design (2.8 bar) design pressure 159.4 gpm (603.4 lpm) with 12 Refer to FM 8-9, Tables 2 through 11
sprinkler remote area
Obstruction Criteria Refer to NFPA 13 Chapter 8. Refer to FM 2-0 Section 2.2
Minimum Aisle Width 3 ft.-6 in. (1.07 m) Over 2 ft. (.61 m)
Hose Stream Allowance and 250 gpm (946 lpm) for 60 minutes or as determined by 250 gpm (946 lpm) for 60 minutes or as determined by
Water Supply Duration the approval the approval
* The maximum coverage area must not exceed 100 ft2.
** For FM, the measurement is from the centerline of the thermal sensing element to the ceiling.

Form No. F_100102 20.01.23 Rev 20.1 Replaces Form No F_100102 Rev 19.2
(Revised FM Specification)