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    Bustion of Gaseous Fuels

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    Muhammad Irfan Malik
    Combustion of gaseous fuels can be more easily controlled than solid or liquid fuels because perfect mixing of fuel and air is possible. Gaseous fuels allow for oxidizing, reducing, and neutral flame environments with little excess air. Heat output can be varied by changing the gas flow rate. Important combustion parameters like ignition temperature and flammability limits depend on temperature, fuel-air ratios, burner nozzle velocity, and fuel composition. Diffusion and pre-aerated burners are two common types, with pre-aerated allowing for higher flame temperatures and speeds through fuel-air premixing.

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    Bustion of Gaseous Fuels

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Irfan Malik
    41 views13 pages
    Combustion of gaseous fuels can be more easily controlled than solid or liquid fuels because perfect mixing of fuel and air is possible. Gaseous fuels allow for oxidizing, reducing, and neutral flame environments with little excess air. Heat output can be varied by changing the gas flow rate. Important combustion parameters like ignition temperature and flammability limits depend on temperature, fuel-air ratios, burner nozzle velocity, and fuel composition. Diffusion and pre-aerated burners are two common types, with pre-aerated allowing for higher flame temperatures and speeds through fuel-air premixing.

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    4.Combustion of gaseous fuels

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    Combustion of gaseous fuels can be more easily controlled than solid or liquid fuels because perfect mixing of fuel and air is possible. Gaseous fuels allow for oxidizing, reducing, and neutral flame environments with little excess air. Heat output can be varied by changing the gas flow rate. Important combustion parameters like ignition temperature and flammability limits depend on temperature, fuel-air ratios, burner nozzle velocity, and fuel composition. Diffusion and pre-aerated burners are two common types, with pre-aerated allowing for higher flame temperatures and speeds through fuel-air premixing.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    41 views13 pages

    Bustion of Gaseous Fuels

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Irfan Malik
    Combustion of gaseous fuels can be more easily controlled than solid or liquid fuels because perfect mixing of fuel and air is possible. Gaseous fuels allow for oxidizing, reducing, and neutral flame environments with little excess air. Heat output can be varied by changing the gas flow rate. Important combustion parameters like ignition temperature and flammability limits depend on temperature, fuel-air ratios, burner nozzle velocity, and fuel composition. Diffusion and pre-aerated burners are two common types, with pre-aerated allowing for higher flame temperatures and speeds through fuel-air premixing.

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    Combustion of Gaseous Fuels

    Sana Ahmad Minhas


    sanaahmad0070@gmail.com
    Combustion of Gaseous Fuels
    ❑Combustion of gaseous fuels is more easily controlled than that solid
    or liquid fuels because more perfect mixing of the fuel and combustion
    air is possible.
    ❑It is very easy to produce oxidizing (excess air), reducing (excess of
    fuel) and neutral (stoichometric proportion) environment with in the
    flame gases.
    ❑With gaseous fuels, combustion is completed with little excess air in
    mixture.
    ❑Heat out put can be easily controlled by varying flow rate of gas.
    Combustion of Gaseous Fuels
    ❑The behavior of a fuel gas on combustion is determined
    1. Temperature of gas/air mixture
    2. Relative proportion of combustible gas and the air available
    3. The velocity at which the fuel gas /air mixture emerges from burner
    nozzle.
    4. The proportion of the components of fuel.
    ❑The important parameters such as ignition temperature, limits of
    inflammability and burning velocity , are all influenced by these
    factors.
    Gas Burners
    Factors Affecting the Design of a Burner
    ❑Relative density.
    ❑Calorific value.
    ❑Flame speed.
    ❑Limits of flammability.
    Types of Gas Burners
    ❑Diffusion Flame:
    Gas and air flow separately into the combustion chamber and intermix as
    burning proceeds.

    ❑Pre-aerated flame:
    Gas and air are mixed before the combustion chamber and burned as they
    leave the mixing chamber.
    Diffusion Burners

    Combustion in diffusion flames takes place when gas is allowed to burn at


    an orifice by reaction with the surrounding air.
    Diffusion Burners
    • When "diffusion" burners, or "non-aerated" or "neat gas" burners are
    used to burn gases containing a high proportion of hydrocarbons,
    flames produced are very luminous.
    • There is bright light produced by thermal cracking of a proportion of
    the hydrocarbons.
    • The gas is burned at the outlet of circular or square-sectioned pipe.
    • Flame from simple diffusion burner is normally;
    ✓Large.
    ✓ever changing shape.
    ✓ relatively low flame temperature.
    Uses of Diffusion Burner
    • Diffusion burners are particularly useful where large volumes, low
    calorific value gases are to be burned.
    • Where both gas and air must be preheated to produce a high flame
    temperature.
    • To avoid dangers of pre-ignition.
    • Diffusion flame burners cannot backfire.
    • Diffusion flame burners normally use gas at low pressure (up to 110kPa)
    Pre-aerated Burner
    Burners of this type may be divided into two important groups:

    • Low-pressure burners in which air is supplied at atmospheric or slightly


    higher pressure.
    • Air-blast burners in which combustion is at pressures significantly higher
    than atmospheric and is blown into the gas stream.
    Low-pressure Aerated Burner
    Best known example is
    the laboratory bunsen
    burner.

    • Gas issuing a jet.


    • Air valve.
    • Mixing chamber (length
    of tube).
    Air-blast Burner
    ❑When all the combustion air is pre-mixed
    with the fuel in the air-blast burner, the
    flame produced has only the inner cone of
    the bunsen flame formed by a region of
    intense combustion and high temperatures.
    ❑Mixture in the burner is near to
    stoichiometric.
    ❑Flame speed is near to its maximum value.
    Air-blast Burner
    ❑Linear velocity of the gas-air mixture must be maintained above this
    value to avoid the dangers of "flash back".
    ❑"Blast" of compressed air may be supplied at pressures in the range
    100-3500 kPa.
    ❑The air is injected into the gas stream whose pressure is much lower,
    at between 100-2000kPa.
    ❑The resultant mixture permits high gas velocities in the burner tube
    and gives rise to a high turn-down ratio.

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