LUCAS TD5 (LAND ROVER)-System Overview

A very well know and much deliberated Diesel Engine Management ECU, used with great
success in both Defenders and Discovery series 2. Implementing many new technologies, this is
a very sophisticated ECU supporting a system that handles the storage and utilization of
calibration values created by a grading process of each the injectors. Although the ECU is OBD
compliant, its compliant diagnostic capabilities represent only a small fraction of its total. The
ECU was updated in 2000 with the addition of new features which would allow the ECU to have
its fuelling and operating system software updated by being reprogrammed through the
diagnostic connection.

LUCAS TD5 (LAND ROVER)-Known Fitments

Vehicle makes models and variants known or believed to be using this vehicle system, required
diagnostic lead and degree of known compatibility.

Vehicle Make Vehicle Model Vehicle Variant Diagnostic lead Compatibility

Level
Land Rover Defender TD5 Blue OBD lead Verified
Land Rover Discovery II TD5 Blue OBD lead Verified
LUCAS TD5 - Pin Outs

C0158

A1 Injector 5
A2 Not Used
A3 EGR Modulator
A4 Not Used
A5 FT Sensor Earth
A6 Map Sensor
A7 ECT Sensor
A8 Sensor Supply
A9 HT Pin
A10 AAP Sensor
A11 MAF Sensor
A12 Not Used
A13 CKP Sensor Positive
A14 Not Used
A15 Sensor Earth 5
A16 CKP Sensor screened earth
A17 Sensor Earth 6
A18 Sensor Earth 3
A19 FT Sensor
A20 Sensor Earth 2
A21 Turbocharger Wastegate modulator
A22 Injector Common 2
A23 Injector Common 1
A24 Injector 4
A25 Injector 1
A26 Injector 2
A27 Injector 3
A28 Not Used
A29 Glow Plug Relay
A30 Sensor Earth 4
A31 Not Used
A32 CAN Negative
A33 High/Low Ratio switch
A34 IAT Sensor
A35 CAN Positive
A36 CKP Sensor Negative
C0658

B1 Earth 1
B2 Earth 4
B3 Supply battery voltage
B4 Cooling fan relay
B5 Fuel pump relay
B6 MIL
B7 Temperature Gauge
B8 Not Used
B9 A/C clutch request
B10 Normally closed brake switch
B11 Cruise Control SET+ switch
B12 TP Sensor 1
B13 Vehicle Speed
B14 TP Sensor supply
B15 Cruise Control Master switch
B16 Normally open brake switch
B17 Cruise Control RES switch
B18 Serial communication link
B19 Tachometer engine speed
B20 Not used
B21 Main Relay
B22 Supply battery voltage
B23 A/C Fan request
B24 Earth 3
B25 Earth 2
B26 TP Sensor earth
B27 Supply 2
B28 Not Used
B29 A/C Relay
B30 Glow plug warning light
B31 Not Used
B32 ABS
B33 Ignition
B34 Security code
B35 Clutch switch
B36 TP sensor 2

LUCAS TD5 (LAND ROVER)-Diagnostic Capabilities (Read Fault Codes)

For both ECU types, this function reads the TD5 ECU's fault code memory and displays the
meanings of any and all faults that may be found there. The ECU can store any one of over 200
fault codes. There are actually two fault memories that can contain identical faults. One
memory is used for currently active faults, meaning the fault is present at that precise point in
time, and the other is used for faults which have been logged, meaning the fault has been
present on previous power on / self test cycles. The origin of shown faults is indicated in
brackets. In most cases faults will be recorded in both memories, meaning that the fault is there
now and has been on at least the last power on / self test cycle. If however, a fault is stored in
the logged memory only without also being stored in the active memory, this means the fault
has been there on previous power on / self test cycles and is not there now, in other words, the
problem may have been a one off event or there may be an intermittent problem. A presence
only in the active memory means that the fault has only just been detected by the ECU.

LUCAS TD5 (LAND ROVER)-Diagnostic Capabilities (Clear Fault Codes)

For both ECU types, this will clear any faults which are stored in the TD5 ECU's fault code
memory. It should be noted that the ECU will instantly re-log any faults which have not been
properly rectified meaning that when the fault code memory is re-read the fault will still be
listed as if it has not been cleared. It should also be noted that where some options such as air
conditioning or cruise control are not fitted, the ECU can show the unused inputs or outputs up
as if it were fault although, due to the system being non critical, this will not cause the system's
MIL light to illuminate. In this event listed faults relating to unused options can be ignored.

LUCAS TD5 (LAND ROVER)-Diagnostic Capabilities (Settings)

Values, configuration settings, and other stored information which can be read from the ECU,
edited and then rewritten back. Read settings can also be stored as a standard HTML page for
reference. These pages can then later be re loaded and re written back to the ECU. Please note
that some values may be read only due to the fact that they are supplied from the ECU’s ROM
or are internally calculated.

The Settings page is split into 2 sections, INJECTORS – THROTTLES and INFO

INJECTORS – THROTTLES

• Injector Grades 1 to 5: This is a 5 digit value which tells the TD5 ECU what grades have been
assigned to each injector when it was tested at the factory after manufacture.
The TD5 ECU then uses these values to compensate the fuelling in direct relation to the
tolerances of the injectors fitted to each cylinder. The first two digits are an offset for the
 start of injection from nominal within the range of plus or minus .000127 seconds, the
second two digits are the same as the first but for the end of injection and the last digit is a
measured variance in idle performance.
If the Injector grades are lost or unknown it is possible to read them directly from the
injectors themselves as the letters are stamped on the top face of their aluminium cover.
However, to access the injectors, it is required to first remove the cam cover. When a code
is read from an injector it is actually 5 letters you will get, but due to a change in the letter
scheme used on later vehicles, for the last letter which actually has overlapping numerical
values, we have chosen to show the real numerical value stored in the TD5 ECU to give our
users the ability to program correctly in both schemes.
The valid values for the first digit are: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, J, K, L, M and N.
The valid values for the second digit are: B, C, D, E, F, G, H, L, M and N.
The valid values for the third digit are: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, J, K, L, M and N.
The valid values for the fourth digit are: B, C, D, E, F, G, H, L, M and N.
Please be aware that the value you read with the Vehicle Server and then display is the
actual numerical value which is stored in the ECU.
To translate the Alpha code value into the correct numerical value the following conversion
can be used:
For scheme 1 (earlier-the early ECU would not store a value higher then 3)
A = 0 or 3
B=1
C=2
It should be noted that with our system it is possible to enter a value of 3 in the fifth
position. Whilst this is possible other test equipment will not be able to accept this and in
this case the character A will be displayed.
For scheme 2 (later)
E=1
F=2
G=3
H=4
J=5
K=6
L=7
M = 8 or 0
Anything greater than 8 is not a valid value.
Again it is possible to have a value, this time of 0, which other test equipment will not be
able to accept. In this instance the character M will be displayed.

• Accelerator: Has a setting of 2, Way, 3 Way or Blank

INFO

The following settings are Read Only

 • Config Tune ID: This code is stored in the vehicle variant map data. The code is shown
exactly as it is stored with each of the 5 ID letters and3 revision numbers being
duplicated twice. With the duplicates stripped out, the resulting code should match that
found in fuel tune map.
• Fuel Tune ID: This code is made up from 5 letters followed by 3 numerical digits and is
stored in the fuel tune data area. It uniquely identifies this specific fuel tune data map
and the vehicle.
For Flash programmable type ECU's the five letters of the fuel tune ID code denote
application usage as follows:
• Engine, S = Storm 5 cylinder diesel engine.
• Gearbox, V or T = Manual, W or U = Automatic.
• Model, L = Defender, D = Disco, H = unknown.
• Tune state D, L, X, N or O denotes Tune type.
• Market E = European, R = ROW, J = Japan, K = Korean.
For Non flash programmable type ECU's the first five letters of the fuel tune ID code denote
application usage as follows:
• suhde=DISCOVERY/AUTOMATIC/EUROPEAN
• sumdj = DISCOVERY/AUTOMATIC/JAPANESE
• surdk = DISCOVERY/AUTOMATIC/KOREAN
• suhdr = DISCOVERY/AUTOMATIC/ROW
• sthde = DISCOVERY/MANUAL/EUROPEAN
• sthdr = DISCOVERY/MANUAL/ROW
• suhle=DEFENDER/AUTOMATIC/EUROPEAN
• sthle=DEFENDER/MANUAL/EUROPEAN
• sttde=DISCOVERY/MANUAL/EUROPEAN NOSELECT = VEHICLE TYPE/MARKET NOT SET
(this should only occur on new ECU's)
For both ECU types the last 3 digits represents a version number.
• ECU Part Number: This is the Land Rover part number for this ECU. This number is not
available on early non flash programmable type ECU's.
• Homologation: This is the emission control test number (Homologation) which is
allocated to the ECU configuration / fuel tune map set by the respective authority.
• Temperature Gauge: The TD5 ECU has been designed to work with a wide range of
possible fitments and options. Many of the input sensors and output controls can be
omitted giving many vehicle option, model or market variants. This value indicates if this
TD5 ECU has its temperature gauge driving function enabled or not.
• Tachometer: The TD5 ECU has been designed to work with a wide range of possible
fitments and options. Many of the input sensors and output controls can be omitted
giving many vehicle option, model or market variants. This value indicates if this TD5
ECU has been programmed to provide an output for driving a tachometer or not. If this
option is enabled without a tachometer being fitted an open load fault will be displayed.
This is the case on some Defenders so that the Instrument can be retro fitted and simply
needs connecting to the output pin of the ECU to work.
• SLABS: The TD5 ECU has been designed to work with a wide range of possible fitments
and options. Many of the input sensors and output controls can be omitted giving many
vehicle option, model or market variants. This value indicates if this TD5 ECU has been
programmed to work with the SLABS system or not. If this option is disabled it will cause
ABS drive open load faults.
• Road Speed: The TD5 ECU has been designed to work with a wide range of possible
fitments and options. Many of the input sensors and output controls can be omitted
giving many vehicle option, model or market variants. This value indicates if this TD5
ECU has this option enabled or not and is related to if the vehicle is fitted with the SLABS
system which generates a road speed signal shared by other vehicle system ECU's.
Further information can be read on this value in the 'Dynamic Input Information road
speed' value help.
• Radiator Fan: The TD5 ECU has been designed to work with a wide range of possible
fitments and options. Many of the input sensors and output controls can be omitted
giving many vehicle option, model or market variants. This value indicates if this TD5
ECU has a radiator fan under its control or not.
• MIL Lamp: The TD5 ECU has been designed to work with a wide range of possible
fitments and options. Many of the input sensors and output controls can be omitted
giving many vehicle option, model or market variants. This value indicates if this TD5
ECU has been programmed to operate a Malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) or not.
• Fuel Used: The TD5 ECU has been designed to work with a wide range of possible
fitments and options. Many of the input sensors and output controls can be omitted
giving many vehicle option, model or market variants. This value indicates if this TD5
ECU has its fuel used output for trip computers and econometers enabled or not.
• Fuel Temperature: The TD5 ECU has been designed to work with a wide range of
possible fitments and options. Many of the input sensors and output controls can be
omitted giving many vehicle option, model or market variants. This value indicates if this
TD5 ECU has been programmed to use a fuel rail temperature sensor or not.
• EGR Modulator (%): This shows the open/close duty ratio of the EGR valve (D164). The
valve, which is connected to pin 3 of C0158 with a blue wire and to the valve on pin 2 of
C0270, is used to re-circulate exhaust gases to reduce nitrous oxide emissions and
combustion noise. The higher the reading, the more EGR. Failure of this modulator
would lead to increased smoke emissions and combustion noise.
• EGR Inlet (%): This shows the open/closed duty ratio being applied to the EGR inlet
throttle (Y160) if fitted. The inlet throttle is used in addition to the EGR modulator
(D164) to provide additional exhaust gas recirculation by restricting the inlet airflow,
thereby increasing EGR. The control software in the TD5 ECU ensures that the inlet
throttle is only driven in conjunction with EGR modulation.
• Cruise Lamp: The TD5 ECU has been designed to work with a wide range of possible
fitments and options. Many of the input sensors and output controls can be omitted
giving many vehicle option, model or market variants. This value indicates if this TD5
ECU has been programmed to drive a cruise control warning lamp in the instrument
 cluster or not, This should not be confused with the cruise control master on off switch
lamp which merely indicates power being applied to the cruise control system.
• Cruise Control: The TD5 ECU has been designed to work with a wide range of possible
fitments and options. Many of the input sensors and output controls can be omitted
giving many vehicle option, model or market variants. This value indicates if this TD5
ECU has its cruise control function enabled or not.
• Clutch Switch: The TD5 ECU has been designed to work with a wide range of possible
fitments and options. Many of the input sensors and output controls can be omitted
giving many vehicle option, model or market variants. This value indicates if this TD5
ECU has been programmed to monitor a clutch pedal switch, obviously this switch will
not be fitted on automatic gearbox vehicles which have no clutch pedal.
• CAN Bus: The TD5 ECU has been designed to work with a wide range of possible
fitments and options. Many of the input sensors and output controls can be omitted
giving many vehicle option, model or market variants. This value indicates if this TD5
ECU has been programmed to utilize its Controller Area Network (CAN) bus or not.
• Auxiliary Fan: The TD5 ECU has been designed to work with a wide range of possible
fitments and options. Many of the input sensors and output controls can be omitted
giving many vehicle option, model or market variants. This value indicates if this TD5
ECU has been programmed for an auxiliary radiator or engine cooling fan. In case of
fitting the auxiliary fan to the vehicle and the system is disabled in the ECU settings, it
will function normally, but it will not be controlled by the TD5 ECU.
• Auto gearbox: The TD5 ECU has been designed to work with a wide range of possible
fitments and options. Many of the input sensors and output controls can be omitted
giving many vehicle option, model or market variants. This value indicates if this TD5
ECU has been programmed to work with an Electronic Automatic Transmission (EAT) or
not. A vehicle may have an Automatic Transmission but it may be a non Electronic type
which does not communicate with the engine management.
• Air Conditioning: The TD5 ECU has been designed to work with a wide range of possible
fitments and options. Many of the input sensors and output controls can be omitted
giving many vehicle option, model or market variants. This value indicates if this TD5
ECU has been programmed to control air conditioning. If this option has been disabled
the ECU will store open load faults for the air conditioning fan and electromagnetic
clutch. In case of fitting air condition to the vehicle and the system is disabled in the ECU
settings, it will function normally, but it will not be controlled by the TD5 ECU.
• Active Engine Mount: The TD5 ECU has been designed to work with a wide range of
possible fitments and options. Many of the input sensors and output controls can be
omitted giving many vehicle option, model or market variants. This value indicates if this
TD5 ECU has been programmed to work with the active engine mounting option.
• Ambient Sensor: The TD5 ECU has been designed to work with a wide range of possible
fitments and options. Many of the input sensors and output controls can be omitted
giving many vehicle option, model or market variants. This value indicates if this TD5
ECU has been programmed to use an ambient temperature sensor or not.
 • Wastegate Modulator (%): Under turbo boost conditions the duty ratio being applied to
the waste gate solenoid (N112) is shown. The higher the duty ratio the less air being
bled away from the turbine blades hence the higher the boost pressure.
• ECU Status: The TD5 ECU can operate in either Robust / secure mode, which means it
must receive a valid mobilize code from either an Alarm or the BCU before it will start
and run the engine. Or the ECU can operate in Non Robust / insecure mode which
means that it will start and run the engine without a valid code being sent first. New
ECU's shipped from the factory are sent in new / virgin mode and must have the 'Learn
Security Code' function ran on them before they will start and run an engine. Whilst the
earlier EDC required the user to pre configure new ECUs by manually choosing Robust or
Non Robust modes to match Robust or Non Robust BECM's, the TD5 ECU chooses the
correct mode itself whilst it is in the learn mode.

LUCAS TD5 (LAND ROVER)-Diagnostic Capabilities (Inputs)

This is real time live display of the information the electronic control unit of the selected vehicle
system is currently deriving from its input sensors. This is split into INPUTS SWITCH and INPUTS
FUELLING

INPUTS SWITCH

• Brake switch 1: This displays the state of the footbrake pedal brake switch 1 as seen by
the TD5 ECU. The value should show ON when the Brake pedal is depressed and OFF
when the Brake pedal is released.
• Brake switch 2: This displays the state of the footbrake pedal brake switch 2 as seen by
the TD5 ECU. This switch is only fitted to vehicles equipped with cruise control. Failure
of this switch would disable cruise control. It should show OFF with the Brake pedal
depressed and ON when the Brake pedal is released.
• Clutch switch: This shows the position of the clutch as determined by the clutch switch.
When the value shows ON, the clutch pedal is depressed and when the value shows
OFF, the clutch pedal is released. Failure of this switch could disable surge damping
which would result in a notable decrease in drivability. Cruise control could also be
disabled.
• Transfer ratio: This displays the state of the switch input from the high/low gear ratio
selector. When it says HIGH, the high ratio gearing is selected, and when it says LOW,
the low ratio gearing is selected. To properly engage low ratio, the vehicle needs to be
driven slowly forward whilst selecting LOW ratio.
• Gear box: This displays the current state of the park/neutral or drive selection switch in
the automatic gearbox. The state is transmitted from the gearbox via the CAN link.
Failure of this switch in the drive position would prevent starting of the vehicle. If the
vehicle is not fitted with an automatic gearbox, then this value should be ignored.
 • Cruise control: This displays the state of the cruise master switch as seen by the TD5
ECU. This switch determines whether cruise control can be activated. When the value
shows ON, the cruise control is switched on and cruise control can be activated. When
the value shows OFF, the cruise control cannot be activated.
• Cruise resume: This displays the state of the steering wheel mounted resume/off switch
as seen by the TD5 ECU. When this switch is depressed, if a cruise speed is set, cruise
control is disabled. If cruise control is already disabled when this switch is depressed,
cruise control will be re-enabled, providing that a valid cruise speed was previously set.
The value should show OFF with the resume/off button released, and ON with the
resume/off button depressed.
• Set/Accelerate: This displays the state of the steering wheel mounted set/accelerate
switch as seen by the TD5 ECU. When this switch is depressed, the cruise speed is set to
the current vehicle speed, providing the conditions for cruise are met i.e. brakes
released, gear engaged and road speed above minimum cruising speed 28mph (35 KPH).
If cruise control is already active when this switch is depressed, the required cruising
speed is increased by 1mph (1.6kph) increments up to a maximum of 100mph (160kph).
The value should show OFF with the set/accelerate button released and ON with the
set/accelerate button depressed.
• AC Clutch Request: This shows whether the HEVAC ECU is requesting the TD5 ECU to
engage the air-conditioning compressor clutch. If the request is OFF, the HEVAC is not
requesting the compressor clutch to be engaged. If the request is ON, the HEVAC is
requesting the compressor clutch to be engaged.
• AC Clutch drive: This shows whether the TD5 ECU has been able to respond to a request
from the HEVAC ECU to engage the air-conditioning compressor clutch. The TD5 ECU
can only engage the compressor clutch if the required engine parameters are within
limits. These include for example, engine speed, driver demand, etc. When the value
shows OFF, the compressor clutch is not engaged and when it shows ON, the
compressor clutch output is being driven to engage the clutch.
• AC Fan request: This shows whether the HEVAC ECU is requesting the TD5 ECU to turn
on the air-conditioning condenser fan. If the request is OFF, the HEVAC is not requesting
the condenser fan to be turned on. If the request is ON, the HEVAC is requesting
condenser fan operation.
• AC Fan drive: This shows whether the air-conditioning condenser fan output is being
driven. The fan could be turned on either in response to a request from the HEVAC ECU
or if the TD5 ECU requires additional cooling of the engine. If the value shows OFF, the
condenser fan is not being driven and if it shows ON, the condenser fan is being driven.

INPUTS FUELLING

• Engine Speed (rpm): This shows the engine speed in rpm. The engine speed is derived from
the crank sensor (T102) signal.
• Idle Speed Error (rpm): Displays the difference between the target idle speed the ECU is trying
to achieve and the actual idle speed measured by the ECU. With the engine idling, the actual
engine idle speed is coolant temperature dependent. Readings greater than + or - 15 rpm would
 indicate a mechanical problem with engine idle control. Typical values with engine idling are -5
to +5 rpm of the required idle speed.
• Road Speed (Km/h): This shows the vehicle speed in kph. The road speed input signal is
supplied by the ABS / SLABS ECU (if fitted) or else by the gearbox via a reed switch. Failure of
this input would disable cruise control.
• Battery (V): This shows the vehicle battery voltage level.
• Accel. Way 1 (V): This shows the output voltage from driver throttle pedal potentiometer 1 as
read by the TD5 ECU. The voltage reading increases as the throttle pedal is depressed. A fault
will be recorded if the sum of the voltages of throttle 1 and throttle 2 do not add up to the
throttle supply voltage + or - 10%
• Accel. Way 2 (V): This shows the output voltage from driver throttle pedal potentiometer 2 as
read by the TD5 ECU. The voltage reading decreases as the throttle pedal is depressed. A fault
will be recorded if the sum of the voltages of throttle 1 and throttle 2 do not add up to the
throttle supply voltage + or - 10%
• Accel. Way 3 (V): This shows the output voltage from driver throttle pedal potentiometer 3 as
read by the TD5 ECU. The 3 Track Throttle Potentiometer configuration is not used on all
vehicles and was introduced at VIN Number YA288371 on a Discovery and 1A605426 on a
Defender. The selection may be configured in the settings section.
• Accel. Supply (V): This shows the regulated supply voltage for the driver throttle pedal
potentiometers. The sum of the voltages from driver throttle pots 1 and 2 at any throttle
position must add up to within 10% of this voltage or a fault will be recorded.
• Coolant Temp (C): This shows the coolant temperature as measured by the TD5 ECU. This
sensor (T121) is connected to the ECU by two wires, a pink / black wire on pin 18 of C0158 which
goes to pin 1 of C0169 on the sensor itself and a pink / green wire on pin 7 of C0158 which goes
to pin 2 of C0169 on the sensor. If the sensor fails, a default value of warm is displayed on the
temperature gauge. Sensor faults may cause several symptoms including poor starting, fast idle
speed, poor fuel consumption and cooling fans running continuously. A typical value with a fully
warm engine is 88°C.
• Fuel Temp (C): The TD5 ECU has been designed to work with a wide range of possible fitments
and options. Many of the input sensors and output controls can be omitted giving many vehicle
option, model or market variants. This value indicates if this TD5 ECU has been programmed to
use a fuel rail temperature sensor or not.
• Air Inlet Temp (C): This shows the temperature measured by the TD5 ECU using the air inlet
temperature sensor (T116). If fitted, this sensor is connected to the TD5 ECU by four wires on
C0158. These wires are green / black on pin 34 which goes to pin 2 of C0567 on the sensor,
white / yellow on pin 6, which goes to pin 4 of C0567 on the sensor, pink / black on pin 17,
which goes to pin 1 of C0567 on the sensor and pink / purple on pin 8, which goes to pin 3 of
C0567 on the sensor. If the sensor is open/short circuit, then a fixed default value of 25°C will be
displayed. The inlet air temperature is used by the ECM to adjust the ignition timing at altitude.
If the sensor is not operating correctly poor EGR and smoke control could result.
• Air Flow (gr/hr): This shows the mass airflow into the engine derived from the air flow mass
sensor (T115). This sensor is connected to the TD5 ECU by two wires on C0158. These wires are
brown / orange on pin 11 which goes to pin 2 of C0149 on the sensor and pink / black on pin 20
which goes to pin 1 of C0149 on the sensor. The value is used by the EGR Control; as EGR
increases the airflow reduces. Sensor failure results in a default value of zero.
 • Ambient Pressure (Kpa): Shows the ambient atmospheric pressure as measured by the sensor
(T209) mounted in the air cleaner lid.
• Manifold Turbo Pressure (Kpa): Shows the pressure measured by the pressure sensor
mounted into the air intake manifold. Failure of the sensor will result in a default value of 100
KPa being used. Typical values are approximately 100 KPa at sea level with the engine stopped;
between 100 - 125 KPa during engine idle conditions. High values of up to 220 KPa indicate
when the turbocharger is generating boost (around 3000 RPM).
• EGR Modulator (%): This shows the open/close duty ratio of the EGR valve (D164). The valve,
which is connected to pin 3 of C0158 with a blue wire and to the valve on pin 2 of C0270, is used
to re-circulate exhaust gases to reduce nitrous oxide emissions and combustion noise. The
higher the reading, the more EGR. Failure of this modulator would lead to increased smoke
emissions and combustion noise.
• EGR Inlet (%): This shows the open/closed duty ratio being applied to the EGR inlet throttle
(Y160) if fitted. The inlet throttle is used in addition to the EGR modulator (D164) to provide
additional exhaust gas recirculation by restricting the inlet airflow, thereby increasing EGR. The
control software in the TD5 ECU ensures that the inlet throttle is only driven in conjunction with
EGR modulation.
• Wastegate Modulator (%): Under turbo boost conditions the duty ratio being applied to the
waste gate solenoid (N112) is shown. The higher the duty ratio the less air being bled away from
the turbine blades hence the higher the boost pressure.
• Cylinder Balances: 1 to 5: In the manufacture of an engine there are unavoidable tolerances
which vary. This means that each cylinder's power output relative to the others can be higher or
lower than others. This imbalance shows up much more at lower engine speeds such as those
encountered at idle. It can make the engine seem lumpy and rough especially under
acceleration at low speeds when the power is used. Under normal operating conditions, this
factor is compensated for by the cylinder balancing routine built in to the software of the TD5
ECU.
This value shows the adjustments in rpm being applied to individual cylinders by the TD5 ECU to
achieve smooth running. With the engine idling, the fluctuations in cylinder speed in rpm from
the nominal idle speed can be seen. However, you should note that values outside of the range
will be seen if the engine speed is varied suddenly i.e. blipping the throttle.

LUCAS TD5 (LAND ROVER)-Diagnostic Capabilities (Outputs)

This is a choice of outputs that can be tested. Clicking on the button allocated to each output, the
vehicle server will send a command to pulse that output. That means that the LED will stay on
for a second, the injectors will fire once, and it will be only a pulse to the gauges.

• Test AC clutch: This test energizes the output for the control relay of the Air
conditioning clutch. The relay should easily be heard clicking once and the clutch should
be heard to engage.
• Test AC fan: This test energizes the output for the control relay of the Air conditioning
fan. If the fan is functioning and connected it will spin shortly and you should therefore
ensure it is clear and safe to run this test first.
 • Test MIL lamp: This test energizes the output for the Malfunction Indicator Lamp
(MIL). The lamp will flash once.
• Test Fuel pump: This test energizes the output for the Fuel pump control relay. The
relay should easily be heard clicking once.
• Test Glow plugs: This test energizes the output for the glow plug relay. The relay should
be heard clicking once.
• Pulse rev counter: This test sends pulses from the TD5 ECU to the engine revolutions
counter or Tachometer mounted in the instrument cluster (if fitted).
• Turbo waste gate Mod: This test sends pulses from the TD5 ECU to the Turbocharger's
waste gate modulator valve / solenoid. The valve should be heard clicking. This ECU
controllable valve is not always fitted and communications may error if the test is done
on ECU's not equipped with the valve.
• Temperature gauge: This test sends signals from the TD5 ECU to the engine coolant
temperature gauge in the instrument cluster (if fitted). The dial in this gauge should move
towards normal from its current position. Click several times to see the needle moving.
• EGR inlet modulator: This test sends pulses from the TD5 ECU to the EGR throttle
inlet modulator. The modulator should be heard buzzing. This valve is not always fitted
and communications may error if the test is done on ECU's not equipped with the valve.
• Injector 1 to 5: This test sends pulses from the TD5 ECU to the respective injector. If
fuel pressure is present in the fuel rail, the injector will fire causing fuel to be released at
such high pressure that it can easily penetrate human skin with dire consequences.
Therefore, great caution is advised if the Injector to be tested is not properly secured into
its mounting.

LUCAS TD5 (LAND ROVER)-Diagnostic Capabilities (Utility)

• Learn security code: When the ignition is turned on, the BCU or Alarm, providing it is in
receipt of a valid transmitted Key Fob code and is therefore not in an alarmed or
immobilised state sends a coded data transmission to the TD5 ECU. The TD5 ECU then
decodes this data and compares the code contained in it against a mobilization code it
has stored in it. If the two codes compare OK, the TD5 will allow the engine to start.
This forms the basis of the immobiliser. If the TD5 ECU, the BCU, or the Alarm is
changed, it may be required for the TD5 ECU to re-learn a new mobilization code. This is
done by using this function to put the TD5 ECU into Security learn mode. After setting
the TD5 ECU into learn mode it is required to turn off the ignition for 15 seconds, then
back on. Receipt and acceptance of a valid code can be verified by viewing the
'Immobilisation Status' in the 'Other' section.
• Get Security status: The TD5 ECU has much improved capabilities in terms of allowing
diagnostic checking of the current status of the security link connection from the Alarm
or BCU. This function obtains the status of the link.
 LUCAS TD5 (LAND ROVER)-Miscellaneous Information

ECU VARIATIONS

Although looking and functioning identically there are in fact two distinctively different ECU
types which have some different diagnostic capabilities. The first and therefore earlier type is
referred to as the non flash programmable type. This was replaced in late 2002 with a flash
programmable type. Non flash types have part numbers that start with MSB while Flash types
start with NNN

Non flash programmable: This type of ECUs typically just has just one vehicle types maps
Pre programmed into them by the factory. This means they only have one Vehicle variant / fuel
tune code and cannot be set to any other. Sometimes however, they might have more than one
code stored inside an ECU or the ability to switch between multiple options for a given type. We
believe that up to 6 could be pre installed at the same time.
If an ECU does have more than one code pre programmed into it can be told which code to use
by changing the code to the one for the configuration that you want. Of course, you need to know
what any other codes are that may be installed and then try them in the ECU to see if it changes,
meaning it has that map installed. Sometimes the sticker affixed to the edge of the ECU itself,
which bears the part number, also shows which vehicle types the ECU can be configured to. But
if not, fortunately the code can only be one of a handful and can even be deduced to some degree
using the information supplied here as a guide.
Flash programmable: This type ECUs has the added ability to have their Vehicle Variation and
fuel tune maps re programmed diagnostically They also have an incremental programming
history memory which includes information such as the VIN number, date of programming and
an assembly number which identifies what an ECU was programmed with.
Although part number information has been provided to help identify which type an ECU is, the
easiest way to tell is simply to connect to the ECU and read the programming history. Non flash
type ECU's will not support the function and flash types will show you the history including the
VIN number.