h a n g e Vi h a n g e Vi

XC e XC e
F- w F- w
Unit
PD

PD
er

er
!

!
W

W
O

O
N

N
y

Passive 1 (is done I was done)

y
bu

bu
42
to

to
k

k
lic

lic
C

C
w

w
m

m
w w
w

w
o

o
.d o . c .d o .c
c u -tr ack c u -tr a c k

Study this example:

This house was buih in 1935.
Was buih is paSS;II#!.

Compare acti\'e and passive:

Somebody buih this house in 1935. (actillel
sub~et obj«t
-----',
This house was built in 1935. (passil1eJ
uJ>;<a

When we use an active verb, we say what the subject does:

o My grandfather was a builder. He built this house in 1935.
o It's a big company. It employs twO hundred people.
When we use a passive verb, we say what happens to the subject:
o This house is quite old. It was built in 1935.
o Two hundred people are employed by the company.

When we use the passive, who or what causes the action is often unknown or unimportant:
o A 10[ of money was stolen in the robbery. (somebody slole it, but we don't know who)
o Is this room cleaned every day? (does somebody clean it? - ifs not important whol
If wc: want to say who doc=s or what causes the action, wc: use: by ... :
o This house: was built by my grandfather.
o Two hundred people are employed by the company.

The passive is be (is/was etc.) + past participle (done/cleaned/seen etc.):

(be) done (be) cleaned (bel damagc:d' (bc:) built (be) seen c:re.
For irregular past parriciples (done/seenlknown etc.), sce Appendix I.
Study the active and passive forms of the preseltt simple and pasr simple:

Present siml)fe
acrive: c1ean(s) I scc(s) ctc. Somebody cleans rhis room e\·er~· d3~·.
I
passive: am/is/are + cleaned/seen etc. This room is cleaned every day.
o Many accidents arc caused by careless driving.
o I'm not often invited to panics.
o How is rhis word pronounced?

Past simple
active: deaned/saw etc. Somebody cleaned this room yesterday.

passive: was/were + cleaned/seen etc. This room was cleaned yesterday.

o We were woken up by a loud noise during the night.

o 'Did you go to the party?' 'No. I wasn't invited:
o How much money was stolen in the robbery?

B4 Passive 2-3 - Units 42-43 By - Unit 128

 h a n g e Vi h a n g e Vi
XC e XC e
F- w F- w

Exercises Unit 42
PD

PD
er

er
!

!
W

W
O

O
N

N
y

y
bu

bu
to

to
k

k
lic

lic
C

C
42.1 Complete the sentences using one of these verbs in the correct form. present or past:
w

w
m

m
w w
w

w
o

o
.d .c .d o .c
o c u -tr a c k c u -tr a c k
-alUse- damage hold invite make
overtake show surround translate write
1 \1. any 3cel'd cots . o.re COJ.,I.std.
. .__ by d d
angerous ' ,
flVlng.
1 Cheese from milk.
3 The roof of the building in a storm 3 few days ago.
~ You ro the wedding. Why didn't you go?
j A cinema is a place where films _
6 In the United Stares, elections for president (\"cry four years.
Originally the book in Spanish. and a few years ago it
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ into English.
8 Although we were dri\'ing quite fast. we by a lor of other cars.
9 You can't Stt the house from the road. It by trees.
42.2 Write questions using the passive. Some 3rC' present and some 3rC' past.
I Ask about gl3ss. (how I make?) --"H<>w=-.e""--.g,"'-' ' ' s' --'m"."d,,<,,?'- _
1 Ask about tele\'ision. (when I im"em:)
3 Ask about mountains. Ihaw I form?)
4 Ask about Pluto Uht' pl,wet). lwhen I discover?)
j Ask about sih"cr. {what I uS(' for?l

42.3 Put the verb into the correct form. present simple or past simple. active or passive.
It's big (:Jerory. Fi\'e hundred people _~ed._ (emplor) there.
3
2 DI.d. SOfr.e.t>od.y cJ.t,o.n._ (somebody I clean) this room yesterday?
3 Water (cover) most of the earth's surface.
4 How much of the earth's surface .._._ (cover) by water?
5 The park gatt's ~ ... _h~ __.....__... (Jock) at 6.30 p.m. every evening.
6 The lener (post) a week ago and it ..__..__.
hh. .h. .__._..__ (arrive) yesterday.
The boar hit a rock and .._ _. .._ _._._ __ (sink) quickl}'. Fortunatel), everybody
•._.__•__ ..•.._.M __.•.._•.M , (rescue).
8 Richard's parents __ (die) when he was very young. He and his sister
M. _ _ . _ ••• _ _ . _ . ••••••••• _ •••• _ ••

._· • • • •••• _ _ M ••• _ _ (bring up) by their grandparents.

•••• _ _ ••• _ ••• _ _ • • • •

9 I was born in London. but 1 _ _ (grow up) in Canada.

10 \'(/hile I was on holid3}'. my camera ._ " (steal) from my horc! roolTl.
11 \'(ihile I was on holid3~'. my camera ._...... .. (disappear) from my hOlel room.
11 Wh~' _._.._._ _ __ _.......... ... (Sue I resign) from her iob? Didn't she enioy it?
13 \,(ihy _ _._ M (Bill I sack) from his job? Whal did he do wrong?
M M._._

14 The compan~' is nor independent. It .._ M_ M_._._ (own) by a much larger company.
15 1 saw an accident Iasr night. Somebody ._ __._._ _ __ (call) an ambulance bur nobody
. _. . _ •• H _ (injurel. so the ambulance .
_ _. _• • • • • _ ._.._: (nor I needl. .MM'H _ •• H •

16 Where __ M (these photographs I takel? In London?

• _ _ ...

______ (you I rake) them, or somebody else?

\- Sometimes ir's quite noisy li\"ing here, but it's nOI a problem for me-
J (nor I bother) by it.
42.4 Rewrite these sentences. Instead of using somebody, they, people etc., write a passive sentence.
1 Somebody c1e:lns the room e\"Cry day. The room LoS cJ.t.o.nul e....ery d..o.y .
.2 They cancelled all flighrs because of fog. All _
3 People don'r use this road much.
4 Somebody accused me of srealing money.
5 How do people learn languages? How _
6 Somebody warned us nor to go Out alone. _
85