SP 50 : 1991

lndinh Standard
'GUIDE FOR REQUIREMENTS
:: AND TESTING OF ELECTRIC RADIATORS. .

UDC 697’275 (026 )

0 BIS 1991

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002
\*-
June 1991 Price Group ‘11
 CONTENTS
PAGE

FOREWORD

1 SCOPE ... *.. ... 2

2 TERMINOLOGY ... ... ... 2

3 GENERALREQUIREMENTS *.. ... ... 5

4 GENERALNOTESON TESTS ... ..* ... 5

5 RATING . .. ... .. . 5

6 MARKING ... ... ... 5

7 PROTECTION
AGAINST ELECTRICSHOCK ... ... ... 6

8 INPUTAND CURRENT ... ... ... 7

9 TEMPERATURE-RISE ... ... .. . 7

10 OPERATIONUNDER OVERLOADCONDITIONS ... .. . ... 7

II ELECTRICAL
INSULATION
AND LEAKAGECURRENT AT OPERATINGTEMPERATURE 8

12 MOISTURERESISTANCE ... ... ... 9

13 INSULATIONRESISTANCE
AND ELECTRICSTRENGTH( AFTER HUMIDITYTREATMENT) 9

14 ENDURANCE ... ... ... IO

15 ABNORMALOPERATION ... ... ... 10

16 STABILITYAND MECHANICALHAZARDS ... ... ... 11

17 MECHANICALSTRENGTH ... ... ... 11

18 CONSTRUCTION ... ... .. . 12

19 INTERNALWIRING ... ..* ... 13

COMPONENTS ... * ... ... 14

20
21 SUPPLYCONNECTIONS
AND EXTERNALFLEXIBLECABLEAND CORD ... 14

22 TERMINALSFOR EXTERNALCONDUCTORS ... ... ... 17

23 PROVISIONFOR EARTHING ... ... ... 18

24 SCREWSAND CONNECTIONS ... ... ... 19

25 CREEPAGEDISTANCESANI) CLEARANCES .. ... ... 21

26 RESISTANCE
TO HEAT, FIRE AND TRACKING ... ... ... 21

27 RESISTANCE
TO RUSTING ... ... ... 23

28 FINISH ... ..* ... 23

29 PROTECTIVEGUARDS ... ... .. 23

ANNEXES

ANNEX A CATEGORIES
OF TESTS ... ... ... 25

ANNEX B LIST OF TESTEQUIPMENTFOR ELECTRICRADIATORS ... ... 26

ANNEX C MEASUREMENT
OF TEMPERATURE ... ... ... 27

ANNEX D IMPACTTEST APPARATUS ... ... ... 27

ANNEX E THERMALCONTROLSAND OVERLOADRELEASES ... ... 28

ANNEX F MEASUREMENT
OF CREEPAGEDISTANCESAND CLEARANCES ... 29

ANNEX G PROPERTIES . . .
TEST FOR FIRE-RESISTING ... ... 31

ANNEX H SAMPLINGPROCEDURE
FOR ACCEPTANCE
TESTS ... ..I 33

ISBN 81-7061-035-4
 SP50:19!N

GUIDE FOR REQUIREMENTS

AND TESTING OF ELECTRIC RADIATORS.
FOREWORD

Presently the general requirements and related or special lead (cable) without the use of
methods of tests of electrical appliances are covered in special tools. Such attachments, classsified as
IS 302 : 1979 ‘General and safety requirements for Type X or Type M, are only considered in this
household and similar electrical appliances (fifth guide.
revision)’ while individual appliances are covered in
series of standards which make reference to IS The following Indian Standards have been taken into
302 : 1979, as applicable. The small scale industry has consideration while preparing this guide :
expressed the need for a. comprehensive special
document to cover all details in one publication, IS 302 : 1979 General and safety requirements for
even at the cost of repetition, for particular appli- household and similar electrical appliances @fth
ances such as electric irons, electric immersion water revision)
heaters, electric stoves and electric radiators so as to
facilitate easy references for use of Indian Standards IS 369 : 1983 Specification for electric radiators
at the shop floor level. This special publication is (seconci revisbn)
prepared to meet this demand and covers electric
radiators designed for connection to single phase sup- For the purpose of deciding whether a particular re-
ply voltage up to 250 V ac or dc. quirement of this guide is complied with, the final
value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of
The requirements of electrically heated radiators are a test, shall be rounded off in accordance with IS 2 :
covered in IS 369 : 1983 ‘Electric radiators (second 1960 ‘ Rules for rounding off numerical values
revision)‘. In case of any deviations between the ( revised ) ‘. The number of significant places reatined
requirements of this guide and those specified in in the rounded off value should be the same as that of
IS 369 : 1983, the provisions of the latter shall prevail. the specified value.

The following presumptions have been made in this Elsewhere in this guide, the reference to the following
guide : IndianStandards has beenmade and these may be used
for detailedjnformation :

a) Electrically heated radiators are assembled IS 1248 (Part 1) : 1983 Direct acting indicatingana-
from : logue electrical measuring instrument and their ac-
cessories : Part 1 General requirements
i) heating element(s) - made from resis-
tance . heating wire wound on porcelain IS 1248 (Part 2) : 1983 Direct acting indicatingana-
tube(s) each having two ends terminals logue electrical measuring instrument and their ac-
for connection, cessories : Part 2 Ammeters and voltmeters

ii) reflector - made of polished metal sheet, IS 1248 (Part 3) : 1983 Direct acting indicatingana-
logue electrical measuring instrument and their ac-
iii) body - made of metal or non-ignitable cessories : Part 3 Wattmeters and varmeters
material, and
IS 1293 : 1988 Plugs and sockets outlets of 250 V
iv) safety guard - made from wire to prevent and rated current 16 amperes
accidental contact.
IS 1491 : 1970 Accessibility tests probes
b) The electric radiators have metal parts sepa-
rated from live parts by basic insulation and IS 2059 : 1962 Thermocouple pyrometers
are exposed to the touch by the user. Such
construction is classified as Class I and it shall IS 3010 (Part 1 &Part 2) : 1965 Appliance contrac-
have provision for earthing. This guide does tors, Appliance inlets (non-reversible three pin
not cover appliances of Class II and Class III
type)
construction which do not have a provision for
earthing. IS 4905 : 1963 Methods for random sampling

c) Generally, the power supply cord is attached IS 9968 (Part 1) : 1988 Elastomer insulated cables :
to the electric radiator in such a way that Part 1 For working voltages up to and includ-
ita replacement is possible with any ordinary ing 1 100 V
SP 50 ! 1991
1 SCOPE 2.8 Detachable Flexible Cable or Cord
A flexible cable or cord, for supply or other purposes,
1.1 This guide covers the general, safety and perform-
intended to be connected to the appliance by means of
ance requirements as well as procedures to conduct
a suitable appliance coupler.
tests on ac or dc single phase portable type electric
radiators rated up to 250 V and intended for room
2.9 Power Supply Cord
heating. This guide applies to Class I radiators with
supply lead attachment of Type X or Type M. A flexible cable or cord, for supply purposes, fixed to,
NOTE - For proper understanding, wherever in this guide the or assembled with the appliance according to one of
word ‘appliance’ appears, it means an ‘electric radiator’. the following methods:

1.2 This guide does not cover the electric air heaters, 4 Type X attachment which denotes a method of
attachment such that the flexible cable or cord
radiators used inair-conditioning system, heat convec-
can easily be replaced, without the aid of
tors and similar equipment for industrial heating pur-
special purpose tools, by a flexible cable or
poses.
cord not requiring any special preparation.
2 TERMINOLOGY b) Type M attachment which denotes a method
of attachment such that the flexible cable or
2.0 For the purpose of this guide, the following defi- cord can easily be replaced, without the aid of
nitions shall apply. Where the terms voltage and cur- special purpose tools, by a special cable or
rent are used, they imply the rms values, unless other- cord, forexample, a moulded-oncord guard or
wise specified. crimped terminations.

2.1 Heating Element 2.10 Supply Leads

A component which gives heating effect on passage of Aset ofwires connected to the appliance in the factory,
electric current through it. intended for the connection to fixed wiring and accom-
modated in a special junction box or compartment
2.2 Safety Guard within, or attached to the radiator.

A part which prevents accidental contact with live 2.11 Basic Insulation
parts or moving parts of electric radiators.
An insulation applied to live parts. to provide basic
2.3 Rated Voltage protection against electric shock.

The voltage assigned to the appliance by the manufac- NC3lT.5

turer.
1 Basic insulation does not necessarily include insulation used

2.4 Rated Voltage Range exclusively for functional purposes.

The voltage range assigned to the appliance by the 2 The insulating properties of lacquer, enamel, ordinary paper,
cotton, oxide film on metal parts, beads and sealing compound
manufacturer, expressed by its lower and upper limits.
shall not be relied upon to give the required protection against

2.5 Working Voltage accidental contact with live parts.

The maximum voltage to which the part under consid- 2.12 Supplementary Insulation
eration can be subjected when the appliance is operat-
ing at its rated voltage and under normal conditions of An independent insulation applied in addition to the
,, basic insulation, in order to ensure protection against
use.
electric shock in event of a failure of the basic insula-
NOTES tion.

1 Normalconditionsofuseincludechangesofvoltagewithin the 2.13 Class I Appliance

appliance imposed by likely occurrences such as theoperation of
a circuit-breaker or the failure of a lamp.
An appliance in which protection against electric
2 When deducing the working voltage, the effect of possible shock does not rely on basic insulation only, but
transient voltages on the supply mains is ignored. which includes an additional safety precaution in that
accessibIe conductive parts are connected to the pro-
2.6 Rated Input tective earthing conductor in the fixed wiring of
the installation, in such a way that accessible conduc-
The input under conditions of adequate heat discharge
tive parts cannot become live in the event of a failure
orunder normal load and at normal operating tempera-
of the basic insulation.
ture, assigned to the appliance by the ma,nufacturer.
NOTES
2.7 Rated Frequency
1 Class I appliances may have parts with double insulation or
The frequency assigned to the appliance by the manu- reinforced insulation, or parts operating at safety extra-low
facturer. voltage.

2
 SP 50 : 1991
2 For appliances intended for use with a flexible cord or cable, 2.23 Thermostat
this provision includes a protective conductor as part of the
flexible cord or cable. A temperature-sensing device, the operating tempera-
ture of which may be either fixed or adjustable and
2.14 Low Voltage which, during normal operation, keeps the tempera-
ture of an appliance, or of parts of it, between certain
A voltage not exceeding 250 V under normal.condi- limits by automatically opening and closing a circuit.
tions.
2.24 Temperature Limiter
2.15 Medium Voltage
A temperature-sensing device, the operating tempera-
A voltage exceeding 250 V but not exceeding 650 V ture of which may be either fixed or adjustable and
under normal conditions. which, during normal operation, operates by opening
or closing a circuit when the temperature of an appli-
2.16 Safety Extra-Low Voltage ance, or of parts of it, reaches a predetermined value.

NOTE- It does not make the reverse operation during the

A nominal voltage not exceeding 32 V between
normal duty cycle of the appliance. It may or may not require
conductors and between conductors and earth or, for manual resetting.
three-phase supply, not exceeding 18.5 V between
conductors and neutral, the no-load voltage not ex-
2.25 Thermal Cut-Out
ceeding 38 V and 22 V, respectively.
A device which, during abnormal operation, limits the
NOTES
temperature of an appliance, or of parts of it, by
1 When safety extra-low voltage is obtained from the supply automatically opening the circuit or by reducing the
mains, it must be through a safety isolating transformer or a current, and which is so constructed that its setting
convertor with separate windings. cannot be altered by the user.
2 The voltage limits specified are based on the assumption that
2.26 Non-Self Resetting Thermal Cut-Out
the safety isolating transformer is operated at its rated supply
voltage.
A thermal cut-out which requires resetting by hand, or
2.17 Safety Isolating Transformer replacement of a part, in order to restore the current.

A transformer, the input winding of which is electri- 2.27 Tool

cally separated from the output windings by an insula-
tion at least equivalent to double insulation or rein- Ascrewdricer, a coin or any other object which may be
forced insulation, and which is designed to supply a used to operate a screw or similar fixing means.
distribution circuit, an appliance or other equipment at
safety extra-low voltage. 2.28 Creepage Distance

The shortest path between two conductive parts, or

2.18 Portable Appliance
between a conductive part and the bounding surface of
the appliance, measured along the surface of the insu-
Either an appliance which is moved while in operation
lating material.
or an appliance which can easily be moved from one
place to another while connected to the supply.
2.29 Clearance
2.19 Continuous Operation
The shortest distance between two conductive parts, or
between a conductive part and the bounding surface of
Operation under normal load or under adequate heat
the appliance, measured through air.
discharge for an unlimited period.
NOTE- The bounding surface of the appliance is the outer
2.20 Conditions of Adequate Heat Discharge surface of the enclosure, considered as though metal foil were
pressed into contact with accessible surfaces of insulating mate-
The conditions that apply when the radiator is operated rial.

as in normal use in still air.

2.30 All-Pole Disconnection
2.21 Non-detachable Part
For single-phase ac appliances and for dc appliances,
A part which can only be removed with the aid of a disconnection of both supply conductors by a single
tool. switching action or, for appliances to be connected to
more than two supply conductors, disconnection of all
2.22 Detachable Part supply conductors, except the earthed (grounded)
conductor, by a single switching action.
Apart which can be removed without the aid of a tool,
unless specified otherwise in the text. NOTE - The protective earthing conductor is not considered to
be a supply conductor.

3
SP 50 : 1991
2.31 Accessible Parts or Accessible Surface 2.35 Acceptance Test

A live part or a live surface which can be touched by T&s car&d out on samples taken from A lot for the
means of the standard test finger shown in Fig. 1. purpose of acceptance of the lot.

2.32 l+dy 2% Routine Test

The term includes all accessible parts, grips and the
like metal foil incontact with all accessible surfaces of Tests carried out on each item to check the
insulating material; it does not include inaccessible essential requirements which are likely to vary during
metal parts. production.

CYLINDRICAL

IN INSULATING MATERIAL

Both joints of this finger may be bent through an angle of 90’, but in one and the same direction only.
Tolerances :
On angle : : +5
On linear dimensions : Less than 25 mm : z t.05
Over 25 mm : f 0’2

All dimensions in millimetres.

FIG. 1 STANDARD
TESTFINGER

2.33 Steady State Condition 2.37 Visible Glowing Heating Element

The steady state condition is considered to have been A heating element which, when the appliance is as-
reached when the difference between two consecutive sembled ready for use, is partly or completely visible
readings of temperature-rise over the ambient taken at from the outside of the appliance, and thk temperature
half an hour interval has not exceeded l°C. of which is at least 650°C after the appliance has been
operated in accordance with conditions of adequate
2.34 Type Tests heat discharge until steady conditions have beenestab-
Tests carried out to prove conformity with the re- lished, the supply voltage being such that the input is
quirements of the guide. These are intended to prove equal to the minimum rated input.
the general qualities and design of a given type of NOTE - This definition is mainiy intended for testing with test
appliance. probes regarding accessibility of live parts.

4
 E
SP 50 : 1991
3 GENERAL REQUIREMENT 5.2 Rated Input
The rated input in watts should preferably be one of
3.1 Appliances shall be so designed and constructed
the following :
that in normal use theyfunction safely so as to cause no
danger to persons or surroundings, even in the event of 500,750,1000,1500,2 000 w.
such careless use as may occur in normal service.
6 MARKING
4 GENERAL NOTES ON TESTS
6.1 Each electric radiator shall be legibly and durably
4.1 The type tests are made on 2 samples, which shall marked with. :
withstand all the relevant type tests given in Annex A.
The acceptance tests and routine tests are also given in
a>rated voltage or rated voltage range;

Annex A. b) symbol for nature of supply;

cl rated frequency or rated frequency range in
4.2 If it is evident from the design of the appliance that hertz;
a particular test is not applicable that test shall not be rated input in watts or kilowatts;
4
performed.
4 manufacturer’s or responsible vendor’s name,
trade-mark or identification mark;
4.3 In case the appliance is taken from shelf (after
long storage) and subjected to leakage current and model or type reference, if any; and
high voltage tests in isolation, the test shall be con- country of origin.
ducted after 10 minutes of heating in still air.
NOTE - The rated input is the total input of thecircuits that can
be in operation simultaneously.
4.4 Before testing is started the appliance is operated
at rated voltage in order to verify that it is in working 6.1.1 If supplied separately with the electric radiator,
order. the detachable heating element shall be marked either
on the heating, element or on wrapper/carton covering
4.5 The appliance shall be tested with the flexible the heating element and the instructions leaflet with
cord supplied. the following information :
4.6 The components, if required for testing should be a) Rated voltage(s);
submitted along with sample. b) Rated input in watts or kilowatts;
4.7 Appliances fitted with thermostat, energy regulat- c) Manufacturer’s name, trade-mark, or identifi-
ingdevice, temperature control and similar device are cation mark; and
tested with these controls adjusted to their most unfa- d) Manufacturer’s model or type reference.
vourable setting, if the setting can be altered by the
user. 6.2 When symbols are used, they shall be as
follows :
NOTES
V Volts
1 If the adiustinn means of the control is accessible without the
aid of a tool, thi provisions apply whether the setting can be Hz hertz
altered by hand or with the aid of a tool; if the adjusting means watts
W
is not acksible without the aid of a tool, the prkision? apply
only if the setting can be altered by hand. kW kilowatts
2 Adequate sealing is rkgarded as preventing alteration of the alternating current
setting by the user. ____ direct current
NOTE - The symbol for nature of supply shall be placed next to
4.8 Measuring Instruments the marking for rated voltage.

The measurement of voltage and power shall be car- 6.3 Terminals intended exclusively for the neutral
ried out with such instruments which do not them- conductor shall be indicated by the letter ‘N’.
selves appreciably affect the values to be measured.
The meters shall have an accuracy of Class I specified Earthing terminals shall be indicated by the
in IS 1248. symbolJ_ .
These indications shall not be placed on screws, re-
4.9 A list of test equipment needed for conducting
movable washers or other parts which might be re-
tests is given in Annex B.
moved when conductors are being connected.

5 RATING 6.4 The different positions of regulating devices and

the different positions of switches on stationary appli-
5.1 Rated Voltage ances shall be indicated by figures, letters or other
visual means.
The rated voltage shall not exceed 250 V. The pre- If figures are used for indicating the different posi-
ferred rated voltage is 240 V ac. tions, the ‘off’ position shall be indicated by the figure

5
SP 50 : 1991
‘0’ and the position for a greater output, input, speed, 7.2 The enclosures shall have no opening other than
cooling effect, etc, shall be indicated by a higher that necessary for use and working of the appliance,
figure. giving access to live parts.
NOTE- If during the normal operation or for maintenance. by
6.5 The figure ‘0’ shall not be used for any other user, any part is squired to be detached even with the use of a
indication. tool, that parts is regarded as detachable part.

Thermostats, regulating devices and the like, intended Compliance is checked by inspection except for
to be adjusted during mstallation or in normal use,
glowing heating elements and part supporting such
shall be provided with an indication for the direction of
elements, by test finger shown in Fig. 1. In addition,
adjustment to increase or to decrease the value of the the apertures other than those in metal parts con-
characteristic being adjusted. nected to the earthing terminal, are tested with test pin
NOTE - An indication of + and - is considered to be sufficient. shown in Fig. 2. The test finger, and test pin are
applied, without appreciable force, in every possible
6.6 An instrument sheet, giving necessary instruc- position.
tions including precautions to be taken for the proper
For glowing elements, the test of 7.4 is carried out.
use of electric radiator shall be provided.

6.7 Where symbols are used, they shall be as indicated

in 6.2 Compliance with the requirements of 6.1 to 6.7
is checked by inspection.

Markingspecified in6.land 6.2shall beona main part

of the appliance or detachable heating element as
relevant. +o 9
-.05
Marking on, and indications for, switches, thermo- 25*2d I I
stats, thermal cut-outs and other control devices shall
be placed in the vicinity of these components; they
shall not be placed on removable parts if these parts
can be replaced in such a way that the marking is
+kL Ail dimensions in millimetres.
y-l
misleading.
FIG. 2 TEST PIN
The marking shall be clearly discernible from outside.

Compliance is checked by inspection and by rub- 7.3 Fo? appliances provided with movable devices,
bing the marking by hand for 15 seconds with a piece such as those intended for varying the heat distribu-
of cloth soaked with water and again for 15 seconds tion the test is made with the devices adjusted to
with a piece of cloth soaked with petroleum spirit. their most unfavourable position within their range of
The marking shall be easily legible, it shall not be adjustment.
easilypossibletoremovemarkingplatesand they shall
Apertures preventing the entry of the finger are
show no curling.
further tested by means of a straight unjointed test
NOTE - In considering the durability of the marking, theeffect finger of the same dimensions, which is applied with a
of normal use is taken into account. Thus, for example, marking force of 20 N; if this finger enters, the test with the
by means of paint or enamel other than vitreous enamel on con- finger shown in Fig. 1, is repeated, the finger being
tainers that are likely to be cleaned frequently is not considered introduced through the aperture. If the unjointed test
to be durable.
finger does not enter, the force applied is increased
to 30 N. If then the guard is so displaced or the
7 -PROTECTION AGAINST ELECTRIC SHOCK aperture so distorted that the test finger shown in
Fig. 1 can be inserted without force, the test with the
7.1 The appliance shall be so designed that its enclo- latter finger is repeated. An electrical contact indicator
sures give adequate protection against accidental is used to show contact.
contact with live parts and also with glowing heating
elements. This requirement applies for all positions It shall not be possible to touch bare live parts or live
when it is assembled and operated as in normal use, parts protected by lacquer, enamel, ordinary paper,
even if after opening of lids, removable/detachable cotton, oxide film, beads or sealing compound only,
parts, provided the appliance can be isolated from with the test finger. In addition, it shall not be possible
supply by means of a plug or an all pole switch. to touch bare live parts with the test pin when testing
apertures of the insulation moulded enclosure.
The insulating properties of lacquer, enamel, ordi-
nary paper, oxide film on metal parts, beads and 7.4 The test for live parts of visibly glowing heating
sealing compound shall not be relied upon to give the elements all poles of which can be disconnected by
required protection against accidental contact with a single switching action, and for parts supporting
live parts. Self healing resins are not regarded as such elements, provided that it is obvious from the
sealing compounds. outside of the appliance, without removing covers and

6
 SPSO : 1991
the like, that these parts are in contact with the ele- floor and, if necessary, a ceiling, all of dull .black
ment, is made with the test probe shown in Fig. 3, painted plywood having a thickness of 20 mm. The
instead of the test finger, the probe being applied appliance is positioned in the test corner as follows :
without appreciable force. It shall not be possible to
touch live parts with this probe. Appliances normally used on the floor or table are
placed on the floor of the test comer at a distance of
NO-ITS
about 15 cm from the walls of the test comer.
1 The standard test finger must be so designed that each of the
jointed sections can be turned through an angle of 900 with NOTE - This distance includes the natural projections such as
respect to the axis of the finger in the same direction only. hooks, bolts, appliance inlets, CIC,of the appliance.

2 It is recommended that a lamp be used for the indication of 9.3 Temperature-rises are determined by means of
contact with live parts and the voltage rating of the lamp shall be fine-wire thermocouples so chosenand positioned that
in the range of 40 to 75 volts.
they have the minimum effect on the temperature of
,t#mt 0.05 the part under test. Thermometers may also be used
r i I
wherever feasible (see Annex C).
Thermocouples used for determining the temperature-
rise of the surface of walls, ceiling and floor are
embedded in the surface or attached to the back of
small blackened discs of copper or brass, 1.5 mm in
diameter and 1 mm thick, which are flush with the
surface.
So faras is possible, Ihc appliance is positioned so that
All dimensions in millimetres. parts likely to attain the highest temperatures touch the
FIG. 3 l’&~ PROBE discs.
7.5 Shafts of operating knobs, handles, levers and the Indetermining the temperature-rise of handles, knobs,
like shall not be live. Handles, levers and knobs which grips and the like, consideration is given to all parts
are held or actuated in normal use shall not become which are gripped in normal use and if of insulating
live in the event of an insulation fault. If these handles, material, to parts in contact with hot metal.
levers or knobs are of metal and if their shaft or fixings
The temperature-rise of elecirical insulation is deter-
are likely to become-live in the event of an insulation
mined on the surface of the insulation, at places where
fault, they shall either be adequately covered by insu-
failure could cause a short circuit, contact between live
lating material or their accessible parts shall be sepa-
parts and ;Lccessible metal parts bridging of insulation
rated from their shafts or fixings by supplementary
or reduction of creepage distances or clearances below
insulation.
the values specified in Table 2.
Compliance is checked by inspection ortest by test pin
specified in 7.2. 9.4 The appliance is operated in accordance with
conditions of adequate heat discharge, with all heating
8 INPUT AND CURRENT elements in circuit, the supply voltage being such that
the input is 1.15 times the maximum rated input.
The input of the appliance or of detachable heating
element, at the rated voltage and at normal operating 9.5 The appliance is operated until steady conditions
temperature, shall not deviate from rated input by are established.
more than 10 percent.
9.6 Duringthe test, thermal cut-outs shall not operate,
The compliance is checked by measurement of input the temperature-rise are to be monitored continuously
of appliances or detachable ‘element in accordance and shall not exceed the values shown in Table 1 and
with conditions of adequate heat discharge (see 2.20) sealing compound, if any, shall not flow out.
when the input has stabilized.
NOTE- For appliances and detachable heating elements 9.7 There shall be no undue concentration of heat.
marked with a rated voltage range having limits differeing by
more. than 10 percent of the mean value of the range, the Compliance is checked by operating the radiator under
permissible deviation applies for both limits of the range. conditions ofadequate heat discharge, positioning the
appliance at a distance of 15 cm from one wall of Ihe
9 TEMPERATURE-RISE test corner so that the heat is radiated towards the wall
of the test corner. The temperature-rise of the wall of
9.1 Appliances and their surroundings shall not attain the test corner shall not exceed 75OC.
excessive temperatures in normal use.
Compliance is checked by determining the tempera- 10 OPERATION UNDER OVERLOAD
ture rise of the various parts under the conditions CONDITIONS
specified in 9.2 to 9.7.
10.1 Appliance shall be so designed and constructed
9.2 The heating appliances are placed in test corner. that they withstand overloads liable to occur in normal
The test corner consists of two walls at right angles, a use.

7
SP 50 : 1991
Table 1 Temperature-Rise Limits

(Clause 9.6)

Parts TelIlperPturc-Rise

1. Rubber or PVC insulation of internal or external wiring 35ec

including power supply cord
2. Pins of appliance inlets :
a) for hot conditions 115oc
b) for cold conditions 25oc
3. Terminals or terminations for Type M, 2ooc
attachments - For power supply cord
Cord sheath used as supplementary insulation 20%

4. Handles, knobs, grips which are held for short period only :
- of metal 2ooc
- of porcelain or viterious material 30%
- of moulded material, rubber, wood 45ec
5. Wooden supports, walls, ceiling and floor of test corners and wood cabinet 50%

6. Reflector away from heating element side 2oov

Compliance is checked, by test of 10.2. operated in accordance with conditions of adequate

heat discharge till steady conditions are attained.
After the test the appliance shall show no damage
affecting the compliance. The appliance is operated with all heating elements in
circuit, the supply voltage being such that the input is
In particular, the general assembly shall not shoiv such 1.15 times the maximum rated input.
deformation that creepage distances and clearances
are reduced below the values specified in Table 2. 11.2 Leakage Current Test
Contacts and connections shall not have worked loose.
11.2.1 The leakage current is measured between any
10.2 The appliance is subjected to 15 cycles, each pole of the supply and the accessible metal parts and
cycle comprising of operating period, in accordance metal foil with an area not exceeding 20 cm x 10 cm in
with conditions of adequate heat discharge and a contact with accessible surfaces of insulating materi-
cooling period sufficient to allow the appliance to cool als connected together.
down to approximately room temperature.
11.2.2 The resistance of the measuring circuit is 2 000
Throughout the operating period, the supply voltage 2 100 ohms. The test circuit for leakage current is
being such that the input is 1.27 times the rated input shown in Fig. 4.
or 1.21 times the rated input t12 watts whichever is
greater.

If the thermal cutout or temperature control device

which is accessible and can be reset with the aid of a
tool operates, the operating period is considered to
have ended. The appliance is then allowed to cool
down and the thermal cutout is reset for the next cycle.
During the test the thermal cutouts which are only
accessible with the aid of a tool or which require
replacement of a part shall not operate and no vapour
or ignitable gas accumulate in the enclosure. FIG. 4 DIAGRAM
FOR LEAKAGE CURRENT
MEAsUREMENTAT @~~-~NG~~ATuRE
NOTE - Tht forced cooling may be use.d to shorten the cooling
period.
11.2.3 The test is made with ac, unless the appliance
11 ELECTRICAL INSULATION AND LEAKAGE is for dc only, for which case the test is made with dc.
CURRENT AT OPERATING TEMPERATURE The leakage current is measured with the selector
switch shown in Fig. 4 in each of the positions 1 and 2.
11.1 The electrical insulatidn of the appliance at oper-
ating temperature shall be adequate and the leakage 11.2.4 After the steady conditions are attained the
current in normal use shall not be excessive. leakage current which may flow from live parts to the
accessible metal parts and metat foil on external insu-
Compliance is checked by the test given in 11.2 and by lating material connected together shall not exceed
the additional test given in 11.3 the appliance being 300 & (peak), that is, 210 & (rms).
 SP 50 : 1991
NOTE - The appliance shall be well insulated from earthduring 12 MOISTURE RESISTANCE
leakage current measurements. Earthing connections shall not
be made during the leakage current test.
12.1 The appliance shall be constructed to provide
protection against effect of moisture on the live parts.
11.3 High Voltage Test
Compliance is checked by treatment specified in 12.2
11.3.1 The insulation is subjected for one minute to a
and immediately by tests given in 13.
voltage of substantially sine-wave form of 1 000 V
having a frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz, the connections
12.2 Humidity Treatment and Tests
are shown in Fig. 5. ,.
Electrical components, including detachable heating
elements,coversandotherpartswhichcanberemoved
without the aid ofa tool, are removed and subjected, if
necessary, to the humidity treatment with the main
part.

The humidity treatment is carried out in a humidity

cabinet containing air with a relative humidity of not
less than 90 percent. The temperature of the air, at all
ISOLATING
places where samples can be located, is maintained at
TRANSFORMER ’
any convenient value (r) between 15OC and 35OC.
N
I
THREE-PHASE Before being placed in the humidity cabinet, the sample
SlJPPLf is brought to a temperature between t and t + 4OC.

The sample is kept in the cabinet for 2 days (48 hours).

FIG. 5 DIAGRAMFORELECTRIC
STRENGTH
TESTAT
OPERATING
BMPERAIWRE NOTE- In most cases, the sample may be brought to the
specified temperature by keepingitat this temperature for at least
4 hours before the humidity treatment. A relative humidity of
The test voltage is applied : approximately 95 percent can be obtained by placing in the
humidity cabinet a saturated solution of sodium sulphate
a) between live parts and the body, and (Na,SO,) orpotassium nitrate (KNO,), in water, having a suffi-
ciently large contact surface with the air.
b) between live parts and parts connected to the
earth wire. In order toichieve the specified conditions within the
cabinet, it is necessary to ensure constant circulation of
Initially not more than half the prescribed voltage the air within and, in general, to use a cabinet which is
is applied, then it is raised rapidly to the full value thermally insulated.
of 1000 v.
After this treatment, the appliance shall show no
11.3.1.1 Noflashoverorbreakdownshalloccurduring mechanical, electrical failure or ferrous parts getting
rusted (show sign) and shall be tested for 13.
the test. Glow discharges without drop in voltage are
neglected.
13 INSULATION RESISTANCE AND ELECTRIC
The high-voltage transformer used for the test has a STRENGTH (AFI’ER HUMIDITY TREATMENT)
rating of at least 500 VA.
13.1 The insulation and electric strength of appliance
shall be adequate.
11.3.1.2 If the secondary winding of the isolating
transformer is not provided with a tap at the midpoint,
Compliance is checked by tests given in 13.2 and 13.3
the output winding of the high-voltage transformer ca.1
which are made on cold appliance, after the test given
be connected to the midpoint of a potentiometer hav-
in 12.2 in the humidity cabinet or in the room in which
ing a total resistance not exceeding 2 000 S2, and con-
the sample was brought to the prescribed temperature
nected across the output winding of the isolating
after reassembly of those parts which might have been
transformer.
removed.

11.3.2 When applied as a routine test, the high voltage 13.2 A test voltage, dc for appliances for dc only and
test may also be carried out as a flash test. The ac for all other appliances, is applied as given in
appliance may not be connected to the supply and an ac table of 13.3, the metal foil havinga size not exceeding
voltage one and a half times the value given in 11.3.1 20 cm x 10 cm and being moved, if necessary so as to
shall be applied for a period of 5 seconds. test all parts of the surface.

11.4 In case the radiator is taken from shelf and sub- 13.2.1 The input test voltage is raised to 1.06 times the
jected to leakage current and high voltage tests in rated voltage or 1.06 times the upper limit of the rated
isolation, the tests shall be conducted after 10 minutes voltage range. The leakage current measured shall not
of preheating. exceed the values given in 11.2.4.

9
SjP50 : 1991
NOTE - Appliance may be operated up to 10 minutes before NOTE - For the purpose of endurance test the operating time
leakage current measurements. for the tests in 9, 10and 11 is included.

13.2.1.1 The values specified in 11.2.4are doubled if After the test in 14.2, the appliance shall withstand
the appliance has no control device other than a high voltage test given in table of 13.3. The connec-
thermal cut-out, thermostat without an ‘OFF’posi- tions, handles, guards or other fittings shall not have
tion or an energy regulator without an ‘OFF’ posi- worked loose, and there shall be no deterioration
tion; and if all control devices have an ‘OFF’ position affecting safety in normal use.
witha contact openingofat least 3 mmand allpoledis-
connection. 15 ABNORMAL OPERATION

13.3 Immediately after the test given in 13.2, the insu- 15.1 Appliances shall be so designed that the risk of
lation is subjected for one minute to a voltage of fire, mechanical damage impairing safety or the pro-
substantial sine-wave form having frequency of 50 or tection against electric shock as a result of abnormal or
60 Hz. The value of the test voltage and the points careless operation is obviated as far asis practicable.
applicable are :
Compliance is checked by the tests of 15.2, and if
Sl Points ofApplication Test Voltage necessary by 15.3.
No. of Test Voltage
If a non-self-resetting thermal cut-out operates, a
1. Between live parts and the heating element ruptures or if the current is other-
parts of the body that are wise‘interrupted before steady conditions are estab-
separated by : lished, the heating period is considered to be ended,
but if the interruption is due to the rupture of a heating
- basic insulation 1OOov element or of an intentionally weak part, the relevant
- reinforced insulation 3 750 v
test is repeated on a second sample which shall then
2. Between the body and either the 1OOOv also comply with the conditions specified in 15.4.
power supply cord wrapped
with metal foil or a metal rod of Rupture of a heating element or of an intentionally
the same diameter as the supply weak part in the second sample will not in itself entail
cord inserted in its place, fitted a rejection.
in inlet bushings of insulating
materials, cord guards, cord an- Fuses, thermal cut-outs, overcurrent releases or the
chorages and the like like, incorporated into the appliance, may be used to
providf the necessary protection.
NOTE - The test is not made between the contacts of switches
of micro-gap construction, thermostats or the like. 15.2 The appliance is placed in the test corner as
specified in 9.2 and is operated with supply voltage
13.3.1 Initially, not more than half the prescribed such that the input is 1.24 times the rated input inwatts.
voltage is applied, then it is raised rapidly to the full
value. If a non self-setting thermal cut-out or temperature
limiting device operates before the steady conditions
13.3.2 No flashover or breakdown shall occur during are established, the operating period is considered to
the test. have ended. The temperature rise values is given in
Table 1 shall not be exceeded.
Care is taken that the metal foil is so placed that no
flashover occurs at the edges of the insulation.
15.3 The test of 15.2 is repeated but with thermal
control devices short circuited.
14 ENDURANCE
15.4 During the test of 15.1 to 15.3 the appliance shall
14.1 Appliances shall be so constructed that, in normal
not emit flames or molten metal or poisonous or
use, there will be no electrical or mechanical failure
ignitable gas in hazardous amounts, enclosures shall
that might impair compliance. The insulation shall not
not be deformed to such an extent as will impair the
be damaged and contacts and connections shall not
safe use and also the temoerature-rise shall not exceed
work loose as a result of heating, vibration, etc, at the
the values given below :I
end of endurance test.

Moreover, the overload protectiondevices, ifprovided Walls, ceiling and th: floor 1cooc
of the test corner
shall not operate under normal operating conditions
(see 14.2) and during endurance test.
Insulation of the supply cable 15ooc
14.2 The radiator is connected to a supply such that the or cord
input is 1.1 times the maximum rated input, which is
Supplementary insulation and 1.5 times the values
maintained throughout the test. The endurance test
reinforced insulation other for such parts as given
consists of 250 cycles, each cycle comprising connec-
than those of thermoplastic in Table 1
tion to supply for 7 hours and disconnection for 1 hour.
materials

10
 SP 50 : 1991
In addition to the temperature-rises, the insulation of The apparatus consists of three main parts, the body,
the appliance, when cooled down to room temperature the striking element and the spring-loaded release
shall withstand high voltage test of 1 000 V between cone.
the live parts and the enclosure or earthing lead.
The body comprises the housing, the striking element
The supplementary insulation or reinforced insulation guide, the release mechanism and all parts rigidly
of thermoplastic material are tested for requirements fixed thereto. The mass of this assembly is 1 250 g.
of 26.1.
The striking element comprises the hammer head, the
16 STABILITY AND MECHANICAL HAZARDS hammer shaft and the cocking knob. The mass of this
assembly is 250 g.
16.1 Radiators shall have adequate stability.
The hammer head has a hemispherical face of pol- L
Compliance is checked as under : yamide having a Rockwell hardness of HR 100, with a
radius of 10 mm; it is fixed to the hammer shaft in such
a) The radiator is placed in the most unfavour-
a way that the distance from its tip to the plane of the
able position of use on a plane inclined at an
front of the cone when the striking element is on the
angle of 100 to the horizontal, the cable/cord
point of release is 20 mm.
resting on the inclined plane in the most un-
favourable position. The appliance shall not
The cone has a mass of 60 g and the cone spring is
overturn.
such that it exerts a force of 20 N when the release
b) The radiator is then place in any normal posi- jaws are on the point of releasing the striking ele-
tion of use on a plane inclined at an angle of ment.
45O to the horizontal. If the appliance over-
turns in one or more positions, it is placed in The hammer spring is adjusted so-that the product of
any normal position of use, first on a plane the compression, in millimeters, and the force exerted,
inclined at an angle of 15O to the horizontal in newtons, equals 1 000, the compression being
and then on a horizontal plane with a force of approximately 20 mm. With this adjustment, the impact
5 N applied to the top of the appliance in the energy is 0.5 2 0.05 Nm.
most unfavourable horizontal direction. If the
radiator overturns in one or more positions The release mechanism springs are adjusted so that
during these tests, the temperature-rise test is they exert just sufficient pressure to keep the release
conducted in all the overturned positions. The jaws in the engaged position.
temperature-rise of the test floor shall not
exceed 150°C. The app;atus is cocked by pulling the cocking knob
until the release jaws engage with the groove in the
17 MECHANICAL STRENGTH hammer shaft.

The blows are applied by pushing the release cone

17.1 Appliances shall have adequate mechanical
against the sample in a direction perpendicular to the
strength and be so constructed as to withstand such
surface at the point to be tested.
rough handling as may be expected in normal use.
The pressure is slowly increased so that the cone
Compliance is checked by applying blows to the
moves back until it is in contact with the release bars,
sample, by means of the spring-operated impact-test
which then move to operate the release mechanismand
apparatus shown in Fig. 6 or by an alternate method
allow the hammer to strike.
given in Annex D.

RELEASE BAR RELEASE MECHANISM

SPRING

iHAMMER HEAD i HAMME R SPRING i COCKING KNOa

1 HAMMER SHAFT

FIG.6 LMPACT
TESTAPPARATUS

11
SP 50 : 1991
The sample as a whole is rigidly supported and three 18.4 Portable appliances shall be constructed so as to
blows are applied to every point of the enclosure that prevent the penetration from table or floor of objects
is likely to be weak. which might result in a hazard.

To ensure that the sample is rigidly supported, it may Appliances without legs are considered to comply
be necessary to place it against a solid wall of brick, with this requirement if all live parts are at least 6 mm
concrete or the like, covered by a sheet of pol- from the supporting surface measured through any
yamide which is tightly fixed to the wall, care being opening. If the appliance is fitted with legs, this dis-
taken that there is no appreciable air gap between tance is increased to 10 mm for appliances intended to
the sheet and the wall. The sheet must have a Rock- be placed on a table and to 20 mm for appliances
well hardness ofHR 100, a thickness of at least 8 mm intended to be placed on the floor.
and a surface area such that no parts of the sample
is mechanically overstressed due to insufficient sup- 18.5 Appliances shall be so constructed that acciden-
porting area. tal changing of the setting of thermostats or other
control devices is unlikely to occur if this might result
If necessary the blows are also applied to handles, in a hazard.
levers, knobs and the like.
Compliance with the requirements of 18.4 and 18.5 is
17.1.1 Afterthe test the sample shall show no damage checked by manual test.
in particular, live parts shall not have become ex-
posed so as to impair compliance with 7, and also there 18.6 Reset buttons of non-self-resetting controls shall
shall not have been such distortion to affect the be so located or protected that their accidental reset-
creepage distances and clearances specified in ting is unlikely to occur if resetting might result in a
Table 2. Cracks not visible to the naked eye and hazard.
surface cracks in the fibre reinforced moulding are
ignored. Compliance is checked by inspection.

17.2 When applying the release cone to the guard of This requirement precludes, for example, reset buttons
a heating element which glows visibly in normal use, mounted on the back of an appliance in such a manner
care is taken that the hammer head passing through the that they can be reset by pushing an appliance against
guard does not strike the heating element. a wall.

17.3 Damage to the finish, small dents which do not 18.7 Handles, knobs, grips, levers and the like shall be
reduce creepage distances ahd clearances below the fixed in a reliable manner so that they will not work
values specified in Table 2 and small chips which do loose in normal use if loosening might result in a
not adversely affect the protection against electrical hazard.
shock or moisture are neglected.
If handles, knobs and the like are used to indicate the
If a decorative cover is backed by an inner cover, position of switches or similar components, it shall not
fracture of the decorative cover is neglected if the inner be possible to fix them in a wrong position if this might
cover withstands the test after removal of the decora- result in a hazard.
tive cover.
Compliance is checked by inspection, by manual test
18 CONSTRUCTION and by trying to remove the handle, knob, grip or lever
by applying an axial force for 1 minute.
18.1 Appliances shall be of Class I with respect to
protection against electric shock. If the shape of these parts is such that an axial pull is
unlikely to be applied in normal use, the force is :
Compliance is checked by inspection and by the rele-
vant tests of 7. 15 N for actuating members of electrical com-
ponents, and
18.2 Appliances shall have the appropriate degree of 20 N in other cases.
protection against moisture.
If the shape is such that an axial pull is likely to be
Compliance is checked by inspection and by the rele- applied, the force is :
vant tests of 12.2.
30 N for actuating members of electrical com-
ponents, and
lg.3 Appliances shall be so constructed that they op-
erate in all positions to be expected in normal use. 50 N in other cases.
Sealing compounds and the like, other than self-hard-
Compliance is checked by.verifying that the appli-
ening resins, are not considered to be adequate to
ance operates correctly in all positions which deviate
from the normal position of use by an angle not ex- prevent loosening.
ceeding So.
18J Materials which bum fiercely, such as celluloid,
shall not be used in the construction of appliances.
This test is made only in case of doubt.

12
 SP 50 : 1991
18.9 Wood, cotton, silk and similar fibrous or hygro- 18.15 Current-carrying parts and other metal parts,
scopic material shall not be used as insulation, unless thecorrosionofwhichmightresult ina hazard,shallbe
impregnated and dried. resistant to corrosion under normal conditions of use.

Asbestos is considered to be fibrous material within Compliance is checked by verifying that after the tests
the meaning of this standard. of 15, the relevantparts show no sign of corrosion.

Insulating material is considered to be impregnated if Attention must be paid to compatibility of the materi-
the interstices between the fibres of the material are als of terminals and terminations and to the effect of
substantially filled with a suitable insulant. heating.

18.10 Inside the appliance, the sheath (jacket) of a Stainless steel and similar corrosion-resistant alloys
flexible cable or cord shall only be used as supplemen- and plated steel are considered to be satisfactory for
tary insulation where it is not subject to undue me- the purpose of this requirement.
char&al or thermal stresses and if its insulating
properties are not less than those specified in IS 9968 18.16 For appliances having compartments to which
(Part 1) : 1988 for the sheaths of flexible cables and access can be gained without the aid of a tool and
.cords. which are likely to be cleaned in normal use, the
electrical connections shall be so arranged that they
18.11 Direct contact between bare live parts and ther- are not subject to pulling during user maintenance.
ma1 insulation shall be effectively prevented, unless
Compliance is checked by inspection and by manual
such material is non-corrosive, non-hygroscopic and
test.
non-combustible.
Compliance is checked by inspection and by the tests 18.17 The heating element(s) shall be protected by
of 12 and 13 and, if necessary, by chemical tests or means of a suitable guard to prevent any inadvertent
flammability tests. contactbyanypersonorwithanyobjectadjacenttothe
radiator. The materials from which the guard is con-
Glass-wool is an example of thermal insulation which strutted shall be such that there is no deterioration in
is satisfactory for the purpose of this requirement. strength or effectiveness in normal use. The guards
shall comply with the requirements specified in 29.
Non-impregnated slag-wool is an example of corro-
sive thermal insulation. 18.18 The heating elements shall be so designed and
supported that they maintain their intended position in
18.12 Handles shall be so constructed that, when the radiator. The refractory material, used for support-
gripped as in normal use, contact between the opera- ing the heating element, shall be of adequate mechani-
tor’s hand and parts having a temperature rise exceed- cal strength and durability so as not to deteriorate in
ing the value allowed for handles which, in normal use, repeated heat cycles during use. It shall not be possible
are held for short periods only, is unlikely. for a broken element to fall out of the radiator, or for an
Compliance is checked by inspection and, if neces- element to become displaced when the radiator is
sary, by determining the temperature-rise. lifted by the carrying handle. The heating elements of
the replaceable type shall be so designed and con-
If the temperature-rise of a rivet or a screw in a strutted as to be easily replaceable.
barrier or handle exceeds the value specified for the
handle in Table 3, the rivet or screw shall not be 18.19 When selecting materials for connecting heat-
accessible. ingelement terminations, care shall be taken to choose
those which are compatible with the type of resistance
18.13 Bare heating elements which glow visibly in heating material used.
normal use shall be so supported that, in case of
rupture, the heating conductor cannot come into con- 18.20 Radiators shall be provided with a handle or
tact with accessible metal parts. other suitable means of lifting, securely attached to it.
The grip of the handle shall be of a material electrically
Compliance is checked by inspection, after cutting the non-conducting and heat-insulating.
heating conductor in the most unfavourable place.
18.21 Control switches, if provided shall be so located
This requirement applies even if the glowing heating that in normal use they are easily accessible but are not
element is not visible from the outside of the appli- exposed to damage.
ante. The test is made after the tests of 25.1.
19 INTERNAL WIRING
18.14 Spacers intended to prevent the appliance
from overheating walls and the like shall be so fixed 19.1 Wireways shall be smooth and free from sharp
that it is not possible to remove them from the outside edges.
of the appliance by means of a screwdriver or spanner.
Wires shall be protected so that they do not come into
Compliance is checked by inspection and by manual contact with burrs, cooling fins, etc, which may cause
test. damage to their insulation.

13
SP50:1!391
Holes in metal through which insulated wires pass with IS 1293 : 1988 or with connectors and appliance
shall have smooth well-rounded surfaces or be pro- inlets complying with IS 3010 (Parts 1 and 2) : 1965.
vided with bushings.
Compliance with 20.2 and 20.3 is checked by inspec-
19.2 Internal wiring and electrical connections be- tion and by manual test.
tween different parts of the appliance shall be ade-
quately protected or enclosed. 20.4 The followingcomponents/parts, generally used
in appliances and covered by Indian Standards are
Compliance of 19.1 and 19.2 is checked by inspection. given below for guidance :

19.3 Beads and similar ceramic insulators on live Component Applicable Indian Standard
parts (wires or others) shall be so fixed or supported
that they can not appreciably change their position; a) Cable and cords IS 9968 (Part 1) : 1988
they shall not rest on sharp edges or sharp comers. Elastomer insulated cables:
Part 1 For working volt-
Compliance is checked by inspection and by manual ages up to and including
tests. 1 100 V (first revision)

19.4 Internal wiring and heating conductors shall be b) Appliance connector IS 3010 (Part 1) : 1965
either so rigid and so fixed or so insulated that, in Appliance connectors and
normal use, creepage distances and clearances cannot appliance inlets (non-re-
be reduced below the values specified in Table 2. versible three-pin type) :
Part 1 Appliance connec-
The insulation, if any, shall be such that it cannot be tors
damaged in normal use.
IS 3010 (Part 2) : 1965
Compliance is checked by inspection, by measure- Appliance connectors and
ment and by manual test. appliance inlets (non-re-
versible three-pin type) :
If the insulation of a conductor is not at least electri- Part 2 Appliance inlet
cally equivalent to that of the cables or flexible cords
complying with IS 9968 (Part 1) : 1988 that conductor c) Three-pin plugs and IS 1293 : 1988 Plugs and
is considered to be a bare conductor. In case of doubt, socket outlets of rated
an electric strength test is made between the conductor voltage up to and includ-
and metal foil wrapped round the insulation, a test ing 250 volts and rated
voltage of 1 500 V being applied for 15 minutes. current up to and includ-
ing 16 amperes (second
Particular attention is paid to the anchoring of the ends revision)
of heating conductors.
d) Resistance wires, IS 3725 : 1966 Resistance
19.5 Conductors identified by the colour green shall tapes and strips for wires, tapes and strips for
not be connected to terminals other than earthing heating elements heating elements
terminals.
e) Cold rolled sheet IS 513 : 1986Coldrolled
20 COMPONENTS steel low carbon sheet and strips

20.1 The thermostats, thermal cut-outs or the like, if f) Moulding material IS 3389 : 1965 Urea for-
used shall be selected to meet the requirements related (insulation) maldehyde moulding pow-
to abnormal operation, endurance test and the tests der
given in Annex E.
g) Switches IS 3854 : 1988 Switches for
20.2 The appliance shall not be fitted with the follow- domestic and similar pur-
ing : poses

4 Switch in flexible cable or cord;

21 SUPPLY CONNECTION AND EXTERNAL
b) Device which, in the event of a fault in appli.- FLEXIBLE CABLE AND CORD
ante, causes the interruption of supply by
applying short circuit; and 21.1 Radiators shall be provided with a power supply
cord for connection to the supply. The length of the
C) Thermal cut-outs that can be reset by a solder-
ing operation. power supply cord external to the appliance shall be at
least 2 m. PVC insulated or PVC sheathed cables or
20.3 The plugs and socket outlets used as terminal cords shall not be used as supply lead.
devices for heating. elements shall not be inter-
changeable with plugs and socket outlets complying Compliance is checked by inspection.

14
 SP 50 : 1991

21.2 Power supply cords shall be assembled with the 21.6 Appliances which are moved while in operation
appliance by one of the following methods : shall be provided with a cord guard at the inlet
opening for the power supply cord, unless the inlet
Type X attachment, and or bushing is provided with a smoothly rounded
bell-mouthed opening, having a radius of curvature at
Type M attachment.
least equal to 1.5 times the overall diameter of the
cable or cord with the largest cross-sectional area to be
Compliance is checked by inspection and, if neces-
connected.
sary, by manual test.
Cord guards shall :
21.3 The power supply cord/cable shall be provided
with a three-pin plug (see IS 1293 : 1988). 4 be so designed as to protect the cable or cord
against excessive bending where it enters into
Compliance is checked by inspection and measure- the appliance;
ment.
b) be of insulating material;
21.3.1 The powersupply cord/cable shall be of 3 core,
tough rubber sheathed flexible cable with copper Cl be fixed in a reliable manner;
conductor [see IS 9968 (Part 1) : 19881. 4 project outside the appliance for a distance
beyond the inlet opening of at least five times
21.3.2 The power supply cord shall be provided with
the overall diameter or, for flat cords, at least
a greencore, which is connected to the internal earthing
five times the major overall dimension, of the
terminal of the appliance and to the earthing contact of
cable or cord delivered with the appliance or
the plug. The colour of the cores intended for live and
they shall comply with the flexing test; and
neutral connection shall be red and black respectively.
e) be integral with the power supply cord except
21.3.3 Power supply cords shall not be exposed to
for Type X attachment.
sharp points within, or cutting edges of, the surface of
the appliance. Compliance is checked by inspection, by measure-
ment and by the following test.
21.4 The size of conductor of power supply cord shall
not be less than the following : The appliance is tested with the cable or cord, which
Rated Current of Appliance Nominal Grog has a length of approximately 10 cm.
.
Sectional Area
Min, mm2 The appliance is so held that the axis of the cord guard,
where the cable or cord leaves it, projects upwards at
Up to and including 3A 0.50 an angle 0145~ to the horizontal when the cable or cord
is free from stress.
Over 3 up to and including 10 A 0.75
Compliance is checked by inspection and measure- A mass equal to lOD*g is then attached to the free end
of the cable or cord, D being, in millimetres, the
ment.
overall diameter or, for flat cords, the minor overall
dimension, of the cable or cord delivered with the
21.5 Inlet openings shall be so designed and shaped,
orshallbeprovided with an inletbushingsuch, that the appliance.
protective covering of the power supply cord can be
If the cord guard is of material which is sensitive
introduced without risk of damage.
to temperature, the test is made at a temperature of
The insulation between the conductor and the enclo- 27 + 2OC.
sure shall consist of the insulation of the conductor
and, inadditionat least one separate insulation consist- Flat cords are bent in a direction perpendicular to the
ing of : plane containing the axes of the cores.

a> the sheath of a power supply cord at least Immediately after the mass has been attached, the
equivalent to that of a cable or cord complying
radius of curvature of the cable or cord shall nowhere
with IS 9968 (Part 1) : 1988, or
be less than 1.5 D.
b) a lining of insulating material complying with
the requirements for supplementary insula- For guards which do not comply with the dimen-
tion, or sional requirement of this clause, a sample of the
guard, together with the cable or cord delivered with
C) a bushing of insulating material complying the appliance, is to be subjected to 5 000 cycles of
with the requirements for supplementary insu-
flexing. The guard is mounted in the appliance with
lation, in case of metal enclosures, or
a 60 cm to 100 cm length of cord. With the appliance
4 an enclosure of insulating material in which held staiionary, the guard is flexed by moving the
case two separate insulations are not neces- cord back and forth in a plane through an angle of ap-
sary. proximately 180°. At the end of the test, the guard and
the cord shall show no unusual signs of abrasion or
Compliance is checked by inspection and manual test. wear.

15
SP50 : 1991
21.7 Appliances provided with a power supply cord For Type M attachment, the cores of the power supply
shall have cord anchorages such that the conductors cord shall be insulated from accessible metal parts by
are relieved from strain, including twisting, where insulation complying with requirements of basic insu-
they are connected within the appliance, and that lation. The insulation shall consist of :
the insulation of the conductors is protected from
abrasion. a) a separate insulated barrier fixed to the cord
anchorage;
If, for Type X attachment, the cord anchorage com-
prises one or more clamping members intended to b) a special sleeve or grommet fixed to the cable
be pressed by means of one or more nuts engaging or cord; and
with studs which are securely attached to the appli-
ance, the cord anchorage is considered to have one c) a sheath of a sheathed cable or cord.
part securely fixed to the appliance, even if the clamp-
ing members can be removed from the studs. NOTE - Grommet is an insulating washer placed around the
electric connector passing through hole in metal.
If, however, the clamping member(s) are intended to
be pressed by means of one or more screws engaging For Type M attachment, cord anchorages shall be so
either with separate nuts or with a thread in a part designed that :
which is integral with the appliance, the cord anchor-
age is not considered to have the part securely fixed to 4 the replacement of the power supply cord does
the appliance, or the surface of the appliance is of not impair compliance;
insulating material and so shaped that it is obvious that
this surface is one of the clamping members. b) the cable or cord cannot touch clamping screws
of the cord anchorage, if these screws are
For Type X attachment, glands shall not be used as accessible or electrically connected to acces-
cord anchorages in portable appliances, unless they sible metal parts;
have provision for clamping all types and sizes of
cables and cords which might be used as the power
supply cord, and production methods, such as moulded-
c) the cable or cord is not clamped by a metal
screw which bears directly on the cable or
on designs, tying the cable or cord into a knot 0; tying cord;
the ends with string, are not allowed; labyrinths or
similar means are permitted, provided that it is clear 4 knots in the cord are not to be used; and
how the power supply cord is to be assembled.
For Type X attachment, cord anchorages shall be so 4 labyrinths or similar means are permitted,
designed or located that : provided that it is clear how the power supply
a cord is to be assembled.
4 replacement of the cable or cord is easily
possible; For Type M attachment, it is clear how the relief
b) it is clear how the relief from strain and the from strain and the prevention of twisting is to be
prevention of twisting are to be obtained; obtained.
cl they are suitable for the different types of Compliance is checked by inspection and by the fol-
cable or cord which may be connected, unless
the appliance is so designed that only one type lowing test.
of cable or cord can be fitted;
For Type X attachment, the appliance is fitted with a
4 the cable or cord cannot touch the clamping
suitable power supply cord. The conductors are intro-
screws of the cord anchorage, if these screws
duced into the terminals, the terminal screws, if any,
are accessible or electrically connected to
being tightened just sufficiently to prevent the conduc-
accessible metal parts;
tors from easily, changing their position. The cord
4 the cord is not clamped by a metal screw anchorage is used in the normal way, its clamping
which bears directly on the cord; screws being tightened with a torque equal to two-
f) at least one part of the cord anchorage is thirds of that specified in 24.1.
securely fixed to the appliance;
d screws, if any, which have to be operated The tests are first made with the lightest permissible
when replacing the cable or cord, do not serve type of cable or cord of the smallest cross-sectional
to fix any other component, unless, when area specified in 22.2 and then with the next heavier
omitted or incorrectly mounted, they render type of cable or cord of the largest cross-sectional area
the appliance inoperative or clearly incom- specified, unless the appliance is so designed that only ,
plete or unless the parts intended to be fas- one type of cable or cord can be fitted.
tened by them cannot be removed without the
aid of a tool during the replacement of the For Type M attachment, the appliance is tested with
cable or cord; and the cord in place.
h) they are of insulating material or are provided Itshall not be possible to push the cable orcord into the
with an insulating lining, if otherwise an insu-
lation fault on the cable or cord could make appliance to such an extent that the cable or cord, or
accessible metal parts live. internal parts of the appliance, could be damaged.

16
 SP 50 : 1991
Cable or cord is then subjected 25 times to a pull of 30 Compliance is checked by inspection and by applying
N. The pulls are applied in the most unfavourable a pull to the connection of 5 N.
directions but without jerks, each times for one second.
After the test, the temperature rise of the terminal
Immediately afterwards, the cable or cord is subjected or termination, determined under the conditions
for one minute to a torque of 0.1 Nm. specified in 9.5 shall not exceed the value specified in
Table 1.
Duringthe test, the cable orcord shall not be damaged.
22.4 Terminals shall be so fixed that, when the clamp-
After the tests, the cable or cord shall not have been ing means is tightened or loosened, the terminals does
longitudinally displaced by more than 2 mm and the not work loose, internal wiring is not subjected to
conductors shall not have moved over a distance of stress and creepage distances and clearances are not
more than 1 mm in the terminals, nor shall there be reduced below the values specified in Table 2.
appreciable strain at the connection. Compliance is checked by inspection and by measure-
ment after fastening and loosening ten times a conduc-
Creepage distances and clearances shall not be re- tor of the largest cross-sectional area specified in 22.2,
duced below the values specified in Table 2.
the torque applied being equal to two-thirds of the
torque specified in 24.1.
22 TERMINALS FOR,EXTERNAL
CONDUCTORS Terminals may be prevented from working loose by
fixing with two screws, by fixing with one screw in a
22.1 Appliances, other than those provided with sup- recess such that there is no appreciable play, or by
ply leads and those with Type Y attachments, shall be other suitable means.
provided with terminals in which connection is
Coveringwith sealing compound without other means
made by means of screws, nuts or equally effective
of locking is not considered to be sufficient. Self-
devices.
hardening resins may, however, be used to lock termi-
Screws and nuts which clamp external conductors nals which are not subject to torsion in normal use.
shall have IS0 metric screw thread or a thread compa-
rable in pitch and mechanical strength. They shall not 22.5 Terminals of the pillar type shall have dimen-
serve to fix any other component, except that they may sions as shown in the following table, except that the
also clamp internal conductors if these are so arranged length of the thread in the pillar may be reduced, if the
that they are unlikely to be displaced when fitting the mechanical strength is adequate and at least two full
supply conductors. threads are in engagement when a conductor of the
smallest cross-sectional area specified in 22.2 is
22.2 Terminals for Type X attachment shall allow the tightly clafiped :

Rated Current of Minimum Minimum Minimum Maximum

Appliance Nominal Diameter Length of Difference
Thread of Hole for Thread in Between Diameter
Diameter Conductor Pillar of Hole and
Nominal Thread
Diameter
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(A> mm mm mm mm
Up to and including 10 3.0 3.0 2.0 0.6

connection of conductor having nominal cross- The length of the threaded part of the terminal screw
sectional area as below : shall notbeless thanthesumofthediameterofthe hole
for the conductor and the length of the thread in the
Rated Current of Appliance Nominal Cross- pillar.
Sectional Area of
Conductor of Flexible The surface against which the conductor is
Cable clamped shall be free from sharp indentations or pro-
Upto3A 0.5 to 0.75 mm2 jections.

Over 3 and up to 10 A 0.75 to 1.5 mm2 Such terminals shall be so designed and located
Compliance with the requirements of 22.1 and 22.2 is that the end of a conductor introduced into the
checked by inspection, by measurement and by fitting hole is visible, or can pass beyond the threaded
cables or cord of the smallest and largest cross-sec- hole for a distance at least equal to half the nominal
tional areas specified. diameter of the screw, or 2.5 mm, whichever is the
greater.
22.3 Terminals for Type M attachment shall be suit-
able for their purpose. The length of the thread in the pillar is measured to the

17
SP 50 : 1991
point where the thread is first broken by the hole for the During the test, the conductor shall not move no-
conductor. ticeably in the terminal.

If the thread in the pillar is recessed, the length of 22.8 For appliances, with Type X and Type M attach-
headed screws must be increased accordingly. ments, each terminal shall be located in proximity to
its corresponding terminal, or terminals, of different
The part against which the conductor is clamped need polarity and to the earthing terminal, if any.
not necessarily be in one piece with the part carrying
the clamping screw. Compliance is checked by inspection.

22.6 Stud-terminals shall be provided with washers 22.9 Terminal devices shall not be accessible without
and shall have dimensions as shown in the following the aid of a tool, even if their live parts are not
table : accessible.

Rated Current of Nominal Difference Between Thread

Appliances Thread Diameter and
Diameter r /\ .
Win) Inner Outer
Diameter Diameter
of Washers of Washers
(Max) (Min)

(1) (2) (3) (4)

A mm mm mm

Up to and including 10 3.0 0.4 4.0

Compliance with the requirements of 22.5 and 22.6 is Compliance is checked by inspection and by manual
checked by inspection, by measurement and, if neces- test.
sary, by the tests of 22.7. A negative deviation of 0.15
mm is allowed for the nominal thread diameter and for 22.10 Terminal devices of appliances with Type X
the nominal difference between diameters of head and attachment shall be so located or shielded that
shank of the screw. should a wire of a stranded conductor escape when
the conductors are fitted, there is no risk of accidental
If one or more of the dimensions required in 22.5 connection between live parts and accessible metal
and 22.6 are larger than the specified, the other dimen- parts.
sions need not be correspondingly increased, but de-
partures from the specified values must not impair the Compliance is checked by the following test :
function of the terminal.
‘An 8 mm length of insulation is removed from the end
22.7 If the length of thread in the pillar, screw hole
of a flexible conductor having a nominal cross-sec-
or nut, or the length of thread on the screw, is smaller
tional area as specified in 21.3.4. One wire of the
than that shown in the relevant table, or if the length of
stranded conductor is left free and the other wires are
the extrusion is more than 80 percent of the original
fully inserted into and clamped in the terminal.
thickness of the metal, the mechanical strength of the
terminal is checked by the following tests :
The free wire is bent, without tearing the insulation
back, in every possible direction, but without making
Screws and nuts are subjected to the test of 24.1 but
sharp bends round barriers.
with the torque increased to 1.2 times the torque
specified.
The free wire of a conductor connected to a live
After this test, the terminal shall show no damage terminal shall not touch any metal part which is acces-
impairing its further use. sible or is connected to an accessible metal part. The
free wire of a conductor connected to an earthing
A conductor is then fastened, as specified in 22.4 once terminal shall not touch any live part.’
more and while clamped, is subjected for 1 minute to
anaxial pull, applied withoutjerks, of the value shown 23 PROVISION FOR EARTHING
in the following table :
23.1 Accessible metal parts of appliances, which may
Rated Current of Appliance Pull become live in the event of an insulation fault, shall be
A N permanently and reliably connected to an earthing
terminal or termination within the appliance, or to the
50 earthing contact of the appliance inlet.
Up to and including 10

18
 SPSO : 1991

Earthing terminals and earthing contacts shall not be 23.5 The connection between the earthing terminal or
electrically connected to the neutral terminal. earthing contact, and parts required to be connected
thereto, shall be of low resistance.
23.2 Earthing terminals of appliances with Type X
Compliance is checked by the following test :
and Type M attachments shall comply with the re-
quirements of 22.
‘A current derived from an ac source having a no-load
voltage not exceeding 12 V, and equal to 1.5 times the
Screwless terminals shall not be used for the connec-
rated current of the appliance or 25 A, whichever is the
tion of external earthing conductors.
greater, is passed between the earthing terminal or
earthing contact, and each of the accessible metal parts
External earthing terminals, if any, shall allow the
in turn.
connection of conductors having nominal cross-sec-
tional areas of 2.5 to 6 mm2.
The voltage drop between the earthing terminal of the
appliance orthe earthingcontact of the appliance inlet,
The clamping means of earthing terminals shall be
adequately locked against accidental loosening and it and the accessible metal part is measured, and the
shall not be possible to loosen them without the aid of resistance calculated from the current and this voltage
a tool. drop.’

In no case shall the resistance exceed 0.1.

Compliance is checked by inspection, by manual test
and by the tests of 22.
The resistance of the flexible cable or cord is not
included in the resistance measurement.
In general, the designs commonly used for current
carrying terminals, other than some terminals of the
Care is taken that the contact resistance between the tip
pillar type, provide sufficient resiliency to comply
of the measuring probe and the metal part under test
with the latter requirement; for other designs, special
does not influence the test results.
provisions, such as the use of an adequately resilient
part which is not likely to be removed inadvertently,
24 SCREWS AND CONNECTIONS
may be necessary.
24.1 Screwed connections, electrical or otherwise,
23.3 If detachable parts have an earth connectionfhis
shall withstand the mechanical stresses occurring in
connection shall be made before the current carrying
normal use.
connections are established when placing the part in
position, and the current carrying connections shall be
Screws tran1mittingcontact pressure and screws which
separated before the earth connection is broken when
are likely to be tightened by the user and have a
removing the part.
nominal diameter less than 3 mm, shall screw into
For appliances with power supply cords, the arrange- metal.
ment of the terminals, or the length of the conductors
Screws shall not be of metal which is soft or liable to
betweenthe cord anchorage and the terminals, shall be
creep, such as zinc or aluminium.
such that the current carrying conductors become tight
before the earthing conductor, if the cable or cord slips
out of the cord anchorage. Screws of insulating material shall have a nominal
diameter of at least 3 mm; they shall not be used for any
23.4 All parts of the earthing terminal shall be such electrical connection.
that there is no risk of corrosion resulting from contact
Screws shall not be of insulating material if their
between these parts and the copper of the earthing
replacement by a metal screw could impair sup-
conductor, or any other metal that is in contact with
plementary insulation or reinforced insulation,
these parts.
neither shall screws which may be removed when re-
placing a power supply cord or undertaking other
The body of the earthing terminal shall be of brass or
routine servicing, be of insulating material if their
other metal no less resistant to corrosion, unless it is a
replacement by a metal screw could impair basic
part of the metal frame or enclosure, when the screw or
nut shall be of brass, plated steel complying with 27, or insulation.
other metal no less resistant to corrosion.
Compliance is checked by inspection and, for screws
If the body ofthe earthing terminal is a part of frame or and nuts transmitting contact pressure, or which
are likely to be tightened by the user, by the following
enclosure of aluminium or aluminium alloy, precau-
tions shall be taken to avoid the risk of corrosion test :
resulting from contact between copper and aluminium
‘The screws or nuts are tightened and IooseneJ :
or its alloys.
10 times for screws in engagement with a thread of
Screws and nuts of plated steel withstanding the test
insulating material, and
of 27.1are considered to be of a metal no less resistant
to corrosion than brass. 5 times for nuts and other screws.

19
SP 50 : 1991
Screws in engagement with a thread of insulating Compliance is checked by inspection and by the test
material are completely removed and reinserted each of 24.1, the torque applied being, however, increased
time.’ to 1.2 times the torque specified.

When testing terminal screws and nuts, a conductor of The requirement with regard to correct introduction is
the largest cross-sectional area specified in 22.2 is met if introduction of the screw in a slanting manner is
used. prevented, for example, by guiding the screw by the
part to be fixed, by a recess in the female thread or by
The test is made by means of a suitable test screw- the use of a screw with the leading thread removed.
driver, spanner or key, applying a torque as shown in
the following table, the appropriate column being : 24.3 Electrical connections shall be so designed that
contact pressure is not transmitted through insulating
Co1 I For metal screws without heads if the screw material which is liable to shrink or distort, unless
when tightened does not protrude from the there is sufficient resiliency in the metallic parts to
hole. compensate for any possible shrinkage or distortion of
the insulating material.
Co1 II For other metal screws and for nuts; and
Ceramic material is not liable to shrink or to distort.
For screws of insulating material :

a>across
having a hexagonal head with the dimension
flats exceeding the overall thread di-
24.4 Space-threaded (sheet metal) screws shall not be
used for the connection of current carrying parts,
ameter; or unless they clamp these parts directly in contact with
each other and are provided with a suitable means of
b) with a cylindrical head and a socket for a key, locking.
the socket having a cross-corner dimension
exceeding the overall thread diameter; or Thread-cutting (self tapping) screws shall not be used
for the electrical connection of current carrying parts,
c) with a head having a slot or cross slots, the unless they generate a full form standard machine
length of which exceeds 1.5 times the overall screw thread. Such screws shall not, however, be used
threads diameter. if they are likely to be operated by the user or installer
unless the thread is formed by a swageing action.
Co1 III For other screws of insulating material.
Thread-cutting and space-threaded screws may be
Nominal Diameter of Screw Torque, Nm used toprovide earthing continuity, provided that it is
mm /_--7 not necessary to disturb the comrection in normal use
co1 I co1 II co1 III and that at least two screws are used for each connec-
tion.
‘Jp to and including 2.8 0.2 0.4 0.4
Compliance with the requirements of 24.3 and 24.4 is
Over 2.8 up to and checked by inspection.
including 3.0 0.25 0.5 0.5
24.5 Screws which make a mechanical connection
Over 3.0 up to and
between different parts of the appliance, shall be
including 3.2 0.3 0.6 0.6
secured against loosening, if the connection carries
current.
The conductor is moved each time the screw or nut is
loosened.
Rivets used for current carrying connections shall be
secured against loosening if these comrections are
Duringthe test, no damage impairingthe furtheruseof
subject to torsion in normal use.
the screwed connections shall occur.
Compliance is checked by inspection and by manual
Screws or nuts which are likely to be tightened by !he
test.
user include screws intended to be operated when
replacing the power supply cord.
The first requirement does not apply to screws in the
earthing circuit, provided there is an alternative earthing
The shape of the blade of the test screwdriver must suit
circuit.
the head of the screw to be tested. The screws and nuts
must not be tightened in jerks.
Spring washers and the like may provide satisfactory
security.
24.2 Screws in engagement with a thread of insulating
material shall have a length of engagement sufficient
For rivets, a non-circularshankoranappropriate notch
to ensure a reliable connection.
may be sufficient. Sealing compound which softens on
heating provides satisfactory security only for screw
Correct introductionof the screw into the screw hole or comiections not subject to torsion in normal use.
nut shall be ensured.

20
 SP 50 : 1991

25 CREEPAGE DISTANCES AND CLEARANCES The test is made in a heating cabinet at a temperature
of 75 -+ 2OC or at a temperature which is 40 2 2OC in
25.1 Creepage distances and clearances shall not be excess of the temperature-rise of the relevant part
less than the values in millimetres shown in Table 2. determined during the test of 15, whichever is the
higher.
Compliance is checked by measurements.
After 1 hour, the ball is removed from ‘the sample
NOTES
which is thus cooled down within 10 seconds to ap-
1 The way in which creepage distances and clearances are proximately room temperature by immersion in cold
measured is imlicaled in Annexure F.
\,dter. The diameter of the impression caused by the
2 If a barrier is interposed and if it is in two parts which are not ball is measured. This shall not exceed 2 mm.
cemented together, the creepage distance is also measured
through the joint. The test is not made on parts of ceramic material.
3 If a barrier is interposed, clearances are measured over the
barrieror, if the barrier is in two parts with mating surfaces which 26.2 Insulating parts retaining live parts in position
are not cemented together, through the joint. shall be resistant to abnormal heat and to fire.

Table 2 Creepage Distances and Clearances for Appliances Rated up to 250 V

(Clullse 25.1)

Sl No. Pal-t Distance

G-
Creepage Clearance

(I) (2) (3) (4)

i) Between live parts of different polarity’ 3.0 2.5

ii) Between live parts and other metal parts over basic insulation 4.0 3.0

iii) Between live parts in recesses in the mounting face of the appliance 6.0 6.0
and the surface lo which it is fixed

’ The clearances given above do not apply to the air gap between contacts of the thermostats, thermal cut-outs or temperature control devices
or micro-switches. *

26 RESISTANCE TO HEAT, FIRE AND Compliance is checked by the following test :

TRACKING
‘Atest is made as described in26.1 but at a temperature
26.1 External parts of insulating material, the deterio- of 125 * 2OC or at a temperature which is 40 + 2OC in
ration of which might cause the appliance to fail to excess of the temperature-rise of the relevant part
comply with this standard, shall be sufficiently resis- determined during the test of 9 whichever is the
tant to heat. higher. ’

Compliance is checked by subjecting enclosures and In addition, the insulating parts are subjected to a test
other external parts o_f insulating material to a ball made with an electrically heated conical mandrel in an
pressure test by means of the apparatus shown in apparatus as shown in Fig. 8.
Fig. 7.
The mandrel is inserted into a conical hole reamed
in the part to be tested in such a way that portions of
the conical part of the mandrel of equal length pro-
tmde from both sidesThe sample is pressed against
the mandrel with a force of 12 N. The means by
which the force is applied is then locked to prevent
any further movement. However, if the sample starts
to soften or to melt during the test, a force just suffi-
L Z-Smm R cient to keep the sample in contact with the mandrel
SPHERICAL
TEST SAMPLE
is applied to the sample in the horizontal direction.

FIG. 7 BALL PRESSURE APPARATUS The mandrel is heated to a temperature of 300°C in

ap roximately 3 minutes and is maintained within
The surface of the part to be tested is placed in the 109 C of this value for 2 minutes. The temperature is
horizontal position and a steel ball of 5 mmdiameter is measured by means of a thermocouple inside the
pressed against this surface by a force of 20 N. mandrel.

21
SP50:1991

THERMOCOUPLE

a
TERMINALS FOR
THERMOCOUPLE

i
b62

TERMINALS FOR THERMOCOUPLE,

FIG. 8 HOT MANDRELAPPARATUS

During the period of 5 minutes, sparks of about 6 mm 26.4 Insulating parts retaining live parts in position
in length are produced at the upper surface of the shall be of material resistant to tracking, if they are
sample where the mandrel protrudes and the sample is exposed to excessive deposition of moisture or dirt in
in contact with the mandrel. The sparks are produced normal use, unless the creepage distances are at least
by means of a high frequency generator, the electrodes equal to twice the values specified in25.1.
of which are moved around the mandrel so as to cover
the whole area of the sample near the mandrel. For materials other than ceramic, compliance is checked
by the following test :
Neither the sample, nor any gases produced during the
heating shall be ignited by the sparks. ‘A flat surface of the part to be tested, if possible at
least 15 mm x 15 mm, is placed in the horizontal
The tests are not made on parts of ceramic material. position.

Two electrodes of platinum or other sufficiently non-

26.3 Alternative method is given in Annex G. corrodable material, with the dimensions shown in

22
 SP 50 : 1991

Fig. 9 are placed on the surface of the sample in the. No flashover or breakdown between electrodes shall
manner shown in this figure, so that the rounded edges occur before a total of 50 drops has fallen.’
are in contact with the sample over their whole length.
The test is made at three places on the sample.
Care is taken that the electrodes are clean, correctly
positioned before each test is started.
In case of doubt, the test is repeated, if necessary on a
new sample. The test is not made on insulating parts of
commutators or brush-caps.

27 RESISTANCE TO RUSTING
TEST SPECIMEN
27.1 Ferrous parts, the rusting of which might cause
the appliance to fail to comply with this standard, shall
be adequately protected against rusting.
.
Compliance is checked by the following test:

‘All grease is removed from the parts to be tested by

immersion in carbon tetrachloride or trichloroethane
for 10 minutes.

The parts are then immersed for 10 minutes in a

10 percent solution of ammonium chloride in water
at a temperature between 15’C and 35OC.

Without drying, but after shaking off any drops, the

36
7 parts are placed for 10 minutes in a box containing air,
shaking not less tahn 90 percent RH and temperature
between 15OC and 35OC.
SLlGHnY ROUNDED EDGE
After the parts have been dried for 10 min in a heating
cabinet at a temperature of 100 +- 5OC, their surfaces
O-I TO 0.2 -IL
shall showpo signs of rust.
All dimensions in millimctres.
Traces of rust on sharp edges and anyLyellowish film
FIG. 9 ARRANGEMFBT
AM) DIMENSIONS removed by rubbing are ignored.’
OFTHEELECTRODES
FORTHETRACING TEST
For small helical springs and the like, and for parts
The force exerted on the surface by each electrode is exposed to abrasion, a layer of grease may provide
about 1 N. sufficient protection against rusting. Such parts are
only subjected to the test if there is doubt about the
The electrodes are connected to a 50 Hz supply such
effectiveness of the grease film, and the test is then
that the no-load voltage is of substantially sine-wave
made without previous removal of the grease.
form and has a value of 175 V, which shall not be
reduced by more than 17.5 V when the electrodes are
short-circuited. The total impedance of the circuit 28 FINISH
when the electrodes are short-circuited is adjusted by
means of a variable resistor, so that the current is equal 28.1 The external finished used on metal components
to 1.0 + 0.1 A with a power factor between 0.9 and 1. shall be of a heat and moistun resisting nature and
An overcurrent relay is included in the circuit, the shall not be adversely affected by variations in tem-
relay being so designed t?,at, when the current has perature occurring under normal operating conditions
reached a value of0.5 A, the circuit is interrupted after or after the endurance test.
a period which is, as short as possible, but not less than Compliance shall be checked by visual inspection
2 seconds. after endurance test.
The surface of the sample is wetted by allowing drops
of a solution of ammonium chloride in distilled water 29 PROTECTIVE GUARDS
to fall centrally between the electrodes. The solution
has a volume resistivity of 400 S2 cm at 25OC, corre- 29.1 The purpose of a guard is to prevent any inad-
sponding to a concentration of about 0.1 percent. The vertent contact of the heating element by any person
drops have a volume of 20 +_5,,nlm3 and fall from a or with any object adjacent to the radiator, and to
height of 30 mm to 40 mm. reduce or prevent the risk of fire or injury from burns
resulting from clothing, other textile material and the
The time interval between one drop and the next is like making accidental contact with, or coming in
30 -+ 5 seconds. proximity to the glowing heating elements.

23
SPSO : 1991
29.2 The guard shall be or robust construction and with the following requirements :
securely, attached to the radiator. If the guard is so
Composition All cotton
designed and attached that it, or any portion of it, can
Mass per square metre 135 to 150 g
be removed, lifted or swung to one side for mainte-
Foreign matter, MUX 3 percent
nance purposes, the method of attachment shall be
Weave Plain or 2/2 twill
such that the guard, when replaced, cannot be ac-
Finish Bleached and raised
cidently dislodged from its working position during
(not sueded)
normal use.
Threads per dm :
a) Warp 232 to 244
29.3 It shall not be possible to touch the wires or
b) Weft 228 to 242
terminations of the heating elements or their contact
members with any part of a test cone conforming to NOTES
IS 1401: 1970, when such a probe is inserted through 1 The flannelette us&should be dry. Since humidity can alter the
or around the guard without pressure. performance of the material during the test, it is suggested that
the flanneletteshould be aired (but not overheated) in front of the
heated radiator and then allowed to stand for 10 minutes imme-
29.4 The attachment of the guard shall be such that it diately before making the test.
is fitted either in one position only, or fitted in more
2 Where radiators operate with guards in a horizontal position,
than one position; the guard shall satisfy the require- it is suggested that the flannelette should be laid across the centre
ments of 29.2 and 29.3 in any of the positions in which of the guard from one extreme edge to its opposite extreme edge.
it can be secured to the radiator.
3 For the purpose of this specification, the term smoulder should
be taken to mean ‘to bum slowly without flame’. Whether
29.5 Test for Effectiveness of Guard smouldering has commenced or not can be ascertained by
quickly withdrawing the material from the guard at the end of the
10 seconds’ exposure. If smouldering has started it will be seen
With the radiator operating at its maximum rated load that a hole has formed in the material and that the edge of the hole
for a period of not less than 30 minutes, a piece of dry glows red.
flannelette ( see Note 1 ), 100 mm wide, long enough
to cover the guard from top to bottom and conform- 29.6,Test for Strength of Guard
ing to the requirements specified in 29.5.1, shall be
The radiator shall be mounted at room temperature so
placed in contact with the guard approximately in the that the central section of the guard is horizontal. A
middle thereof and in such a manner as to reach from load consisting of a flat disc, 100 mm in diameter
the top to the bottom of the guard ( see Note 2 ). The
and 2.5 .kg in mass, shall be placed on the guard
flannelette shall not smoulder ( see Note 3 ) or ignite midway between the fixing points and shall be retained
within 10 seconds. for 1 minute. At the end of that period the load shall be
removed and the radiator checked for conformity with
29.5.1 The flannelette used for the test shall comply 29.3 and 29.5.

24
 SP 50 : 1991

ANNEXA
(Clause 4.1)

CATEGORIES OF TESTS

A-OThe tests on appliances are classified as type, A-3 ACCEPTANCE TESTS

acceptance and routine tests (see 2.34, 2.35 and
The following shall constitute the acceptance tests:
2.36).
Test Clause Reference
A-l The tests listed in this annexure should preferably
be carried out in the order of the clauses referred a) Protection against electric 7
against the tests. shock

b) Input 8
A-2 TYPE TESTS
The tests specified in Table 3 shall constitute the type
c>Temperature-rise 9

d) Electric insulation and leakage 11

tests and shall be carried out on two samples of
current as operating temperature
appliances of the same type and rating selected pref-
erably at random froma regular production lot. Before e) Moisture resistance 12
commencement of the tests, the appliance shall be
f) Insulation resistance and 13
visually examined and inspected for obvious visual
electric strength
defects in respect of components, parts and their as-
(after humidity treatment)
sembly, construction, stability, markings, provisionof
suitable terminals for supply connections, earthing and g) Earthing connection 23
the effectiveness of screws and connections. The ex-
ternal surface finish shall be even and free from A-3.1 A recommended sampling procedure for accep-
tance tests is given in Annex C.
defects.

A-2.1 Criteria of Acceptance A-4 ROUTINE TESTS

Both samples shal! successfully pass all the type tests The following shall constitute the routine tests :
for proving conformity. If any of the samples fails in Test Clause Reference
any of the type tests, the testing authority, at its
discretion, may call for fresh samples not exceeding a) Protection against electric , 7
twice the original number and subject themagain to all shock *
tests or to the test(s) in which failure(s) had occurred. b) High voltage 11.3
No failure should be permitted in the repeat test(s). c) Earthing connections 23

Table 3 Schedule of Type Tests

(Clause A-2.1)

SI Test Clause Reference

No.

1. Protection against e&&c shock 7 ’

2. Input 8
3. Temperature-rise 9
4. Operation under overload conditions 10
5. Electrical insulation and leakage current at 11
operating temperature
6. Moisture resistance 12
7. Insulation resistance and electric strength 13
(after humidity treatment)
8. Endurance 14
9. Abnormal operation 15
10. Stability and mechanical hazards 16
11. Mechanical strength 17
12. Cord.grip and cord guard 21
13. Screws and connections 24
14. Creepage distances and clearances 25
15. Resistance to heat, fire and tracking 26
16. Resistance to rusting 27
17. Protection guard 29

25
SP 50 : 1991

ANNEX B
(CZuuse 4.9)
LIST OF TEST EQUIPMENT FOR ELECTRIC RADIATORS

1. Electrical measuring instruments : 11. Cord grip test apparatus and apparatus for torque
test on cord grip; if provided on appliance.
4 Voltmeter Range 0 to 300 V, ac, accuracy
Class 1 of IS 1248 (Part 1) : 1983 12. Flexing test apparatus for cord guard, if provided
(see 21).
b) Ammeter Range 0 to 15 A, accuracy Class 1 of
IS 1248 (Part 1) : 1983 13. Ball pressure test apparatus (see Fig. 13).

cl Milli-voltmeter Range 0 to 3 V, ac, accuracy 14. Electric laboratory oven, double walled and insu-
Class 1 of IS 1248 (Part 1) : 1983 lated. Temperature control within-l°C, tempera-
ture range up to 2OOOC.
4 Milli-ammeter Range 0 to 3 nu4, ac, accuracy
Class 1 of IS 1248 (Part 2) : 1983 15. Humidity chamber, capable to maintain tempera-
ture up to 100°C and relative humidity of 90
e) Wattmeter Range 0 to 3.0 kW, ac, accuracy percent and above.
Class 1 of IS 1248 (Part 2) : 1983
16. Aluminium foil for test of leakage current and
2. Fixed resistance of 2 000 ohm for leakage current
dielectric strength.
test.
17. Magnifying glass for detection of cracks in insu-
3. Stop watch - least count 1 minute, Min.
lation after impact test (17).
4. Continuous variable autotransformer, input 240
18. Vernier calliper, filler gauges for measuring clear-
V, output 0 to 270 V, ac, current rating 15 A (3 in
ances and creepage distance (25).
Number; 2 for Endurance, 1 for other tests).
19. Rubber insulated safety gloves for operator.
5. Two winding isolating safety transformer input
240 V, output 240 V with centre tapping unity 20. Rubber mat for flooring of testing area.
ratio; 3 kVA rating.
21. Insttlation resistance tester (meggar) (op-
6. Two windings step down transformer input 240 tional) - 500 V dc hand operated or electronic,
V, output 40 V, 12 V, current capacity 30 A for aEcuracy 5 or 10 percent.
earthing connections and safety against contact
of live parts. 22. Tracking index test apparatus (Fig. 9).
7. High voltage test set, input 240 V, output variable 23. Hot mandrel apparatus (Fig. 8) or
0 to 5 kV, provided with leakage current tripping Ignition test apparatus (Fig. 11).
relay.
24. A mass of 2.5 kg in 100 mm dia of suitable
8. Test finger, test pins and test probe as per Fig. 1,
material for test on safety guard.
2 and 3.
9. Blackened test corner of wood with wooden 25. Test screw drivers for torque test on screws and
flooring and fitted with thermocouple on two nuts.
sides and the temperature measuring instrument/
thermometers (see 9). 26. Inclined plane.

10. Impact test apparatus spring operated (Fig. 5) or 27. Flannelette for effectiveness of guard test (see
pendulum type (Fig. 10). 29.5.1).

26
 SP 50 : 1991

ANNEX C
(ChLse 9.3)
MEASUREMENT OF TEMPl$RA+RJRE

C-l METHODS OF MEASUREMENT b) The bulb, except at the point of contact, shall
be covered with a pad of felt, cotton-wool, or
C-l.1 Two methods as applied to radiators for tem- other non-conducting material of thickness
perature measurement are described in this annex, not less than 3.0 mm, extendingat least 20 mm
namely: in every other direction from the bulb and
pressed into contact with the surface to which
a) thermometer method, and it is applied to prevent loss of heat by radiation
b) thermocouple method. and convection from the bulb. It shall be
ensured that the non-conducting material does
C-1.1.1 Of these methods the latter is more accurate not interfere unduly with the normal cooling
method, and is recognized for reference purposes. of the test surface.

C-2.1.3 Any thermometer used shall be of marked

C-2 THERMOMETER METHOD
immersion and known accuracy.
C-2.1 Any of the following three types of thermome-
C-3 THERMOCOUPLE METHOD
ters may be employed :
a) Bulb thermometer containing mercury, C-3.1 The two conductors between which the
thermo-electric effect is produced shall be welded or
b) Bulb thermometer containing alcohol, or hard-soldered at both the hot and the cold junctions,
c) Resistance thermometer. care being taken to ensure that the wires at the junction
make contact, at one point or the other, and are not
C-2.1.1 Mercury-in-bulb thermometer is ineffective twisted together (see also IS 2053 : 1962).
where it is subject to the action of alternating magnetic
fields, owing to consequent heatingof the mercury by C-3.2 Thermocouples shall be affixed in a manner
the eddy currents which are induced in it. The appropriate to the case, for example, by tying,
effectiveness of resistance thermometer in such appli- clamping, welding or soldering. The hot junction
cations depends on the construction of the instrument. shall be secured in position by means of a clip or
pellet or solder, taking care that any adjustment of
C-2.1.2 Where bulb thermometers are used to meas- the junction or part to which it is applied, are not
ure the temperature of a surface, either of the following impaired thereby. Thermocouple circuit shall be earthed
procedures may be adopted, whichever is appropriate to minimize the effect of capacity currents except
to the particular case: where it is applied to live parts. Where a thermocouple
is soldered to a portion of the appliance, under test,
a) The bulbshall besurrounded by a single wrap- care should be taken to avoid appreciably modifica-
ping of tin-foil having a thickness of not less tions of the physical characteristics of the appliance by
than 0.025 mm. The foil shall be turned up at the temperature of the fluxes used in the soldering
the end to form a complete covering for the process. Calibrated meter attached to the thermo-
bulb, which shall then be secured in contact couple shall give directly the temperature of the sur-
with surface under test. The exposed part of face measured.
the wrapped bulb shall then be completely
covered with a pad of heat-insulating material C-3.2.1 If the potentiometer is not equipped with cold
without unduly shielding the test surface from junction compensation, the cold junction should be
normal cooling. contained in a vaccum flask containing crushed ice.

27
SP 50 : 1991
ANNEX D
(Clause 17.1)
IMPACT TEST APPARATUS

D-l DESCRIPTION FOR THE APPARATUS

D-l.1 A typical impact apparatus is shown in Fig. 10. RIGID r PIVOT

n
SUPPORT

‘v
D-l.2 The striking element has a hemispherical face
of radius 10 mm made of hardwood, polyamide or
similar material weighing0.15 kg. It is rigidly fixed to
the lower end of a steel tube with an external diameter
of 9 mm and thickness 0.5 mm which is pivoted at its \\
.
upper end in such a way that it swings only in the
vertical plane of the axis of the striking element. The ! \\
axis of the pivot is 1 m above the axis of the striking
element. The design of the apparatus is such that a
force between 1 .O N and 2.0 N has to be applied to the
face of the hammer to maintain the pendulum in a
ADJUSTABLE .
horizontal position.

D-l.3 The appliance is held against a solid wall of

bricks, concrete or the like, and the test apparatus is so
arranged that the pivot of the pendulum is vertically
above the point of impact of the hammer. The striking
element is then allowed to fall from such a height of
250 mm. Three such blows are applied to every part of -&+= OF FALL
the enclosure which is likely to be weak, including
handles, levers and the like, but excluding signal lamps POINT OF CONTACT
and their covers if these do not protrude from the
APPLIANCE
enclosure by more than 3 mm or have a surface not
exceeding 3 cm2. Lamps within an appliance and their I
covers are tested only if they are likely to be damaged CRIGIO SUPPORT
in normal use. FIG. 10 APPARATUS FOR IMPACT ‘I~sT

ANNEXE 3
(Clause 20.1) .

THERMAL CONTROLS AND OVERLOAD RELEASES

E-l Thermal cutouts and overload releases shall oper- impairing their further use.
ate reliably.
Forced cooling and resting periods may be introduced
to prevent damage to the appliance.
Compliance is checked by operating the appliance
under the (appropriate conditions specified in 15.
E-2 Thermostats, thermal cutouts and overload re-
leases shall be so constructed that their setting is not
Self-resetting thermal cutouts and overload releases changed appreciably by heating, vibration, etc,
are caused to operate 200 times; non-self-resetting
occurring in normal use.
thermal cutouts and overload releases are reset after
each operation and thus caused to operate ten times. Compliance is checked by inspection during the tests
After the tests, the samples shall show no damage of 15.

28
 SP 50 : 1991

ANNEXF
[Clause
25.1
(Note
l)]
MEASUREMENT OF CREEPAGE DISTANCES AND CLEARANCES

The methods of measuring creepage distances and ations) moved into the most unfavourable
clearances to be used in interpreting the requirements position (see Case 3).
of 25.1 areindicated in Cases 1 to 10 of this Annex.
d) Where the distance across the top of a groove
is 1 mm (0.25 mm for dirt-free situations) or
These cases do not differentiate between gaps and
more, no creepage distance exists across the
grooves or between types of insulation.
air space (see Case 2).
The following assumptions are made : 4 Acreepage path is assumed not to exist if there
is an air gap as defined in item (b) above
a) A groove may have parallel, converging or di- exceeding 0.25 mm.
verging sides;
f) Creepage distances and clearances measured
b) Any groove having diverging sides, a mini- between parts moving relative to each other
mum width exceeding 0.25 mm, a depth ex- are measured when these parts are in their
ceeding 1.5 m and a width at the bottom equal most unfavourable stationary positions.
to or greater than 1 mm, is regarded as an air
gap (see Case 8). g) A computed creepage distance is never less
than a measured clearance.
cl Any comer including an angle less than 8OOis h) Any air gap less than 1 mm wide (0.25 mm for
assumed to be bridged with an insulating link dirt-free situations) is ignored in computing
of 1 mm width (0.25 tnrn for dirt-free situ- the total clearance.

In the illustrations : Case 2

>, Xmm
indicates insulating material,

indicates conducting parts,

indicates clearance, and

indicates creepage distance. Condition - Path under consideration includes a parallel-

sided groove of any depth and equal to or
more than X = 1 mm .

Case 1 Rule - Clearance is the ‘line of sight’ distance. Creep

age path follows the contour of the groove.

Case 3
< Xmm
--Ft---_te
------------
l I

Condition - Path under consideration includes a parallel Condition - Path under consideration includes a V-shaped
or converging-sided groove of any depth with groove with a width greater thanX = 1 mrr..
a width less thanX = 1 mm. Rule - Clearance is the ‘line of sight’ distance. Creep
age path follows the contour of the groove
Rule - Creepage distance and clearance are but ‘short-circuits’ the bottom of the groove
measured directly across the groove as byX = 1 mm.
shown.
29
SP 50 : 1991
Case 4 Case 8

Condition - Path under consideration includes a rib. ---

Condition - Creepage distance through uncemented joint
Rule - Clearance is the shortest direct air path over is less than creepage distance over barrier.
the top of the rib. Creepage path follows the
contour of the rib. Rule - Clearance is the shortest direct air path over
the top of the barrier.
Case 5 Case 9
< Xmm < Xmm
s --t’
I -

Condition - Path under consideration includes and unce-

mentedjoint with grooves less thanX= 1 mm
wide on each side. a xmm--ct--fllc ,,
Rule - Creepage and clearance path is the ‘line of L
sight’ distance shown.

Case 6
3 Rmm a Xmm

Gap between head of screw and wall of recess wide enough

to be taken into account.

Case IO

Condition - Path under consideration includes an unce-

mented joint with grooves equal to or more
thanX = 1 mm wide on each side.

Rule - Clearance is the ‘line of sight’ distance.

Creepage path follows the contour of the
grooves.
Case 7
1 Xmm <Xmm

T I

Condition - Path under consideration includes an unce-

mented joint with a groove on one side less
than X = 1 mm wide and the groove on the
other side equal to or more than X = 1 mm Gap between head of screw and wall of recess too narrow
wide. to be taken into account. Measurement of creepage dis-
tance is from screw to wall when the distance is equal
Rule - Clearance and creepage paths are as toX = 1 mm.
 SP 50 : 1991

ANNEX G
(Clause 26.3)
TEST FOR FIRE-RESISTING PROPERTIES

G-l PREPARATION OF SAMPLE G-2.4 Measurement of Temperature of Tube

G-l.1 The specimen shall consist of a portion broken The temperature of the tube shall be taken as shown by
from the moulding and shall weigh not less than 6 gnor a thermocouple situated at the level of the centre of the
more than 10 g, and shall be not more than 10.0 mm in specimen and equidistant from the inner surface of the
thickness measured from an externally cured face. heating tube and the specimen. The wires of which the
thermocouple is made shall be not larger than 1;25 mm
and not smaller than 0.462 mm in diameter and shall be
G-2 APPARATUS
bare for a length of 25 mm from the junction.
G-2.1 The specimen shall be tested in the heating
tube of an apparatus of the general type, shown in G-3 TEST FOR FLAMMABILITY
Fig. 11, the pilot flame being located 20 mm above the G-3.1 The temperature of the tube shall be raised to
upper end of the specimen. 300°C and the specimen shall be inserted in the’ tube.
The temperature shall then be readjusted to 300°C
G-2.2 A support for the specimen shall be provided in within a period of 3 minutes, and this temperature shall
the heating tube and this may suitably consist of a light be maintained until a period of 5 minutes has elapsed
stirrup of nichrome wire, supported by a length of from the time of insertion of the specimen. During this
nichrome wire passing over the pilot flame tube. The period a conical cover at the top shall limit the opening
support shall be such that the specimen is fixed cen- to approximately 6.5 cm2 while the air intake orifice at
trally in the heating tube, with its largest dimension the bottom shall be open approximately 0.65 cm2. At
vertical. the end of the period of 5 minutes, the specimen shall
be removed from the tube. The material shall not be
G-2.3 The apparatus shall be heated by passing a deemed non-flammable if at any time during the test,
suitably regulated electric current through a nichrome the specimen flames or gives off flammable vapours in
resistance wire surrounding the heating tube. sufficient quantities to ignite at the~pilot flame.

SOOMETAL TUBING

SECTtON BB
PIAN
r;sGl

I- 6sQdl \c,.
- ~~~ “=‘0UNOTRULYANOSOUARE
“”

ELEVATIC”I,,, wTHBASES0
‘*” AS10 PREVENT
THE ESCAPE OF
COMBUSTlON

11A Details of Conical Cover

FIG. 11 Appams FORIGNITION

‘l’h~ - Continued

31
SP50:1991
(lOSEOF REFRACTORYMATERIAL)

m
1
I

-I
1 ‘_I .

\
.-
_: z _‘-
- --
_ - - _t-.
L - - HEAT RESISTING INSULATlON
ASBESTOSCEMENT

I
_-

-_’ _-_ c
_ -_-_- 2 I
SHEEnNG :_ _ _ i
PACKING OF ASBESTOS WOOL OR
__ _ - : 8

-7-w
_--
_ _ _ : ;
MAGNESIA ASBESTOS
txmmER- :.T _- _ -_
150 _---.-_-_ : 1 FIRE CVIY OR SILIC&TUBE
__ c.- _ ma, :
10
16S MCHROMEWIRE.
ASSESTOS CEMENT SHEETMG

21HOLES. 3 f$ DRILLED IN CAP

SCREWON OR SLIDING FITCAP

.
.SECllON OR OVEN

11B Details of Test Oven

sPLrTt33t4K;ALCOMR

11C Sketch of Assembled Apparatus

FIG.11 A~PARA-KJS
FORIGNI~ON
‘EST

32
 SP 50 : 1991

ANNEX H
( Clause A-3.1 )
SAMPLING PROCEDURE FOR ACCEPTANCE TESTS

H-l LOT H-3 NUMBER OF TESTS AND CRITERIA

FOR CONFORMtTY
H-l.1 In any consignment, all appliances of the H-3.1 The appliances selected at random accor-
same make, model and type, and manufactured ding to co1 1 and 2 of Table 4 shall be subjected
under similar conditions of production shall be to the acceptance tests. An appliance failing to
grouped tcgether to constitute a lot. satisfyany of the acceptance tests, shall be con-
sidered as defective. The lot shall be considered as
conforming to the requirements if the number of
H-2 SELECTION OF SAMPLE defectives found in sample is less than or equal
to the acceptance number ( see co1 4 ) and shall
H-2.1 The number of appliances to be selected be rejected if it is greater than or equal to the
from the lot shall depend upon the size of the first rejection number (see co1 5 ). If the number
lot and shall be in accordance with co1 1 and 2 of defective lies between the acceptance number
of Table 4. and first rejection number, the second sample of
the same size ( see co1 3 ) shall be chosen at
random and tested. If the number of defectives
H-2.1.1 These appliances shall be selected from found in the combined samples is greater than or
the lot at random. In order to ensure the equal to the second number ( see co1 6 ), the lot
randomness of selection, procedures given in shall be rejected, otherwise the lot shall be
IS 4905 : 1968 may be followed. accepted.

Table 4 Sample Size and Criterion for Conformity

( Clause H-2.1 )

Lot Size First Second Acceptance First Second

Sample Sample Number Rejection Rejection
Number Number

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

up to 50 5 5 0 2 2
51 to 100 8 8 0 2 2
101 to 300 13 13 0 2 2
301 to 500 20 20 0 2 3
501 and above 32 32 0 3 4

33
 I

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Standards Act, 1986 and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder. The Standard Mark on
products covered by an Indian Standard conveys the assurance that they have been produced
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use of the Standard Mark may be granted to manufacturers or producers may be obtained
from the Bureau of Indian Standards.
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Revision of Indian Standards

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issued from time to time. Users of Indian Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of
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following reference :

Dot : No. ETD 32 ( 3456 )

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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