Simple 01 01 Noun

Complex 02 E-03 02 Pronoun

Compound 03

& 03 Verb
Transformation

Correction
Affirmative 04
Subject verb
04
agreement
Negative 05

05 Conditional
Imperative 06

Optative 06 Voice
07

Exclamatory 08 07 Modal
 POLL-01

“Nuha loves to go to the beach and spend her days sunbathing.” The sentence is a ________.
(a) Simple sentence
(b) Compound sentence
(c) Complex sentence
(d) Complex-Compound sentence
 POLL-02

“When I went to the store, my parents wanted me to pick up some milk, but I didn't have
enough money.” The sentence is a ________.
(a) Simple sentence
(b) Compound sentence
(c) Complex sentence
(d) Complex-Compound sentence
 RULES OF SIMPLE, COMPLEX & COMPOUND

No. Simple Complex Compound

 Prepositional Phrase Adverb of time  When/While......  And
বু ঝালে: Example: Example:
Example:  I was there when it  It was winter and I
01  I was there in winter. was wniter. was there.
 At the time of their playing it  While they were  It began to rain and
began to rain. playing it began to they were playing
rain.
 By + Gerund (যখন উভয় Clause এর  If +Affirmative  Imperative Clause +
Subject একই): Clause+.. and+...
02 Example: Example: Example:
 By working hard you can shine in  If you work hard,  Work hard and you
life. you can shine in life. can shine in life
 RULES OF SIMPLE, COMPLEX & COMPOUND

No. Simple Complex Compound

 Without + Gerund (যখন উভয়  If + Negative Clause+...  Imperative Clause + or
Clause এর Subject ভভন্ন): Example: Example:
03 Example:  If you do not read  Read attentively or you
 Without reading attentively, you attentively, you will not will not pass.
will not pass. pass.
 ....too + Adjective/Adverb + to…  .... so + Adjective/  ....very + adjective/
Example: Adverb + that + adverb + and +....
 The load is too heavy to carry Negative Clause Example:
04
for him. Example:  The load is very heavy
 The load is so heavy and he cannot carry it.
that he cannot carry it.
 RULES OF SIMPLE, COMPLEX & COMPOUND

No. Simple Complex Compound

 ...... Adjective + Adverb +  ....so + Adjective/Adverb +  ....very + adjective/
enough + to Verb... that + Affirmative Clause adverb + and +....
Example: Example: Example:
05
 The sum is easy enough to  The sum is so easy that  The sum is very easy
solve for the students. the students can solve it. and the students can
solve it.
 In spite of/ Despite…..  Though/Although....  .....But...
Example: Example: Example:
 In spite of his working hard, he  Though/Although he  He worked hard but
06
could not succeed in life. worked hard, he could not could not succeed in
 Despite his working hard, he succeed in life. life.
could not succeed in life.
 RULES OF SIMPLE, COMPLEX & COMPOUND

No. Simple Complex Compound

 Present Participle phrase যভি  ....Who/Which/that..  ....And...
Adjective হয়: Example: Example:
07 Example:  I saw the girl who was  I saw the girl and
 I saw the girl going to the Cafe. going to the Cafe. she was going to
the Cafe
 ....in order to + Verb  ...that/so that/ in order  .....And so....
....to + Verb+... that..... Example:
Example: Example:  I went to market and
08  We went to market to buy a  I went to market so that I so I could buy a
calculator could buy a calculator. calculator.
 We eat in order to live.  We eat so that we can live.  We eat and so we
can live.
 RULES OF SIMPLE, COMPLEX & COMPOUND
No. Simple Complex Compound
 ....Because of/On account  ...As/Since/ Because....  ....And....
of/Owing to/Due to.... Example: Example:
Example:  He could not go to school  He was ill and could
09  He could not go to school because he was ill. not go to school.
because of/due to/ owing to his
illness.

 Besides.../...Both..  .... While ....  .. Not only...but also....

Example: Example: Example:
 Besides being a good student,  While he is a good student,  He is not only a good
10
he is a good player. he is a good player. student but also a
 He is both a good student and good player.
a good player.
 Immediately after + Ving……..  .... As soon as....  ... And at once...
Example: Example: Example:
11  Immediate after seeing the  As soon as the thief saw  The thief saw the
police, the thief ran away. the police, he ran away. police and at once he
ran away.
 POLL-03

I saw him walking in the road. (Make it Complex)

(a) I saw him who was walking in the road.

(b) I saw he who was walking in the road.

(c) both of these

(d) neither of these

 AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE

Affirmative Negative
1. Only (বযভির ক্ষেলে) /Alone None but
2. Only (বস্তুর ক্ষেলে) Nothing but
3. Only (বয়লের ক্ষেলে) Not more than
Cannot but + verb in simple form
4. Must
Or, can not help + (v + ing)
5. Every There is no..........but
6. As soon as No sooner......than
7. Always Never এবং Affirmative শব্দটির ভবপরীত
8. Both.............and Not only.........but also
9. Superlative/ Comparative degree Positive degree
 PRACTICE
01. I must do this.
(a) I cannot but doing this
(b) I cannot help do this
(c) I must not do this
(d) I cannot help doing this Ans: d

02. Every mother loves her child.

(a) There is no mother but loves her child
(b) Every mother cannot but loves her child
(c) No mother loves her child
(d) There is not mother loving her child Ans: a

03. “As soon as I lift the place he went away”- which is negative?
(a) No sooner I had left the place he went away
(b) No soon I had the place he went away
(c) No soon as I do not leave the place he went away
(d) No sooner had I left the place he went away Ans: d
 ASSERTIVE INTERROGATIVE

NO.. এরা থাকলে Interrogative Sentence-এ যা করলে হলে

01 Affirmative Sentence Negative-Interrogative Sentence?

02 Negative Sentence Affirmative Interrogative Sentence?

03 never ever....? (Interrogative Sentence)

04 nothing anything....? (Interrogative Sentence)

05 everyone/everybody/all Who + Negative- Interrogative Sentence?

06 no one/nobody/none Who+ Interrogative Sentence (হযাাঁলবাধক)?

 PRACTICE
01. There is little milk in the glass (Interrogative)
(a) Is there little milk in the glass?
(b) Isn’t there little milk in the glass?
(c) Is there any milk in the glass?
(d) Isn’t there any milk in the glass? Ans: c

02. Nobody wishes to be unhappy. (Interrogative)

(a) Who wishes to be unhappy?
(b) Who wishes to be happy?
(c) Who does not wish to be unhappy?
(d) Does nobody wish to be happy? Ans: a

03. Their glory can never fade. (Interrogative)

(a) When can their glory fade?
(b) When their glory fade?
(c) When their glory will be fading?
(d) When their glory would fade? Ans: a
 EXCLAMATORY ASSERTIVE

Exclamatory Sentence Assertive Sentence এ রূপান্তলরর নিয়ম

What/how ভিলয় শুরু হলে Subject + verb + a/an + very/great + adjective + বাভক অংশ। (What/How উলে যালব।)
Hurrah থাকলে It is a matter of joy ভিলয় Sentence শুরু হয়। (Hurrah উলে যালব)
Alas থাকলে It is a matter of sorrow ভিলয় sentence শুরু হয়। Alas উলে যালব)
If/would that দ্বারা শুরু হলে Subject + wish + বাকী অংশ (If/would that উলে যালব)
Had দ্বারা শুরু হলে Subject + wish + subject + had + বাকী অংশ

01. Would that I could fly in the sky! (Assertive)

(a) I could fly in the sky (b) I would fly the sky
(c) I wish I could fly in the sky (d) I wish I fly in the sky Ans: c

02. If had died! (Make it assertive)

(a) I wish were died (b) I wish I had died
(c) I wish I died (d) I wish I was deed Ans: b
 POLL-04

Teacher said, “One of my students who present

the work.”

(a) is, do

(b) are, do

(c) is, does

(d) are, does

 NARRATION
❑ Word/phrases এর পনরেেতি:

Direct োাংো অথত Indirect োাংো অথত

thus এভালব so তাই
hither (ভহিার) এভিলক thither ক্ষেভিলক
hence এখান ক্ষথলক thence ক্ষেখান ক্ষথলক
come আো go যাওয়া
here এখালন there ক্ষেখালন
this ইহা/এই that উহা/ঐ
these এগুলো those এগুলো
now এখন then তখন
today আজ that day ঐ ভিন
tonight আজ রালত that night ঐ রালত
ago আলে before আলে
the day before/the
yesterday েতকাে আলের ভিন
previous day
 NARRATION
❑ Word/phrases এর পনরেেতি:

Direct োাংো অথত Indirect োাংো অথত

yesterday morning েতকাে েকালে the previous morning আলের ভিন েকালে

last night েত রালত the night before/the previous night আলের রালত

last week েত েপ্তালহ the previous week আলের েপ্তালহ

tomorrow আোমী কাে the next day পলরর ভিন

tomorrow morning আোমীকাে েকাে the next morning পলরর ভিন েকাে

next week পরবতী েপ্তলহ the following week োমলনর েপ্তলহ

the same day একই ভিন the following day/the next day পলরর ভিন
 NARRATION
❑ Subject + proposed/suggested + (object) + gerund (v ing) + ..........

01. The indirect form of "Let's sell the house", said Reaz.
"Let's not" said Rina would be-
(a) Reaz told to sell the house but Rina opposed
(b) Reaz proposed to sell the house while Rina opposed
(c) Reaz and Rina could not reach and agreement in selling the house
(d) Reaz suggested selling the house but Rina objected Ans: d

❑ Let me/him/her থাকলে Indirect Structure:

Subject + Reporting verb + that + subject + might/might be allowed to + v1 + ...

01. He said, "Let me have some milk' make it indirect

(a) He said that he wanted some milk.
(b) He prayed that he might have some milk
(c) He wished that he might have some milk.
(d) He said that he might have some milk. Ans: c
 NARRATION
❑ বালকয good morning/good afternoon/good evening থাকলে said পভরবতলতে wished এবং good bye/good
might/farewell থাকলে said পভরবলতে bade বলে।
subject + wished/bade + Indirect Object + direct Object
অথবা
Subject + wished/bade+direct Object + to + Indirect Object

01. What is the indirect speech of the sentence.

He said, "Good morning sir"?
(a) He respectfully wished good morning to the person spoken to
(b) He respectfully wishes good morning to the person spoken to
(c) He respectfully wish good morning to the person spoken to
(d) He respectfully wished good morning to the person spoke to Ans: a
 NARRATION

❑ Vocative Case এর Narration: Narration এ কাউলক েলবাধন করলে তালক েম্ভব হলে object এ ভনলয় আো, তালক বাি ক্ষিয়া অথবা
addressing ভিলয় বাকয শুরু করা ক্ষযলত পালর।
addressing + reporting verb এর object (যভি থালক) + as + যালক েলবাধন করা হলয়লে (কমা), + reporting verb এর subject এর
pronoun form + reporting verb + to + verb ......
Direct : Lina said to me, "Friend, listen to me."
Indirect : Addressing me as friend, She requested me to listen to her.

01. "Come in, my friend." said I বাকযটির indirect speech হলব-

(a) Addressing him as my friend, I told him to go in.
(b) Addressing him as my friend, I asked him to go in.
(c) Addressing him as my friend, I have said him to in
(d) Addressing him as my friend, I told him to come in. Ans: a
 NARRATION
❑ Direct Narration এ By Allah, By God ইতযাভি থাকলে Indirect Narration এ swearing by + ক্ষয নালম শপথ করা হয়,
subject + verb .... বেলব।

01. By Allah he replied, "I will not leave this house."

(a) Swearing by Allah, he replied that he will not leave that house
(b) Swearing by Allah, he replied that he won't leave.
(c) Swearing by Allah, he replied that he would not leave that house.
(d) None of these Ans: c

02. "I'll have a cup of tea, "my father said, "Because I'm not hungry."
(a) My father said that he will have a cup of tea because he wasn't hungry.
(b) My father said that he would have4 had a cup of tea because he wasn't hungry.
(c) My father said that he would have a cup of tea because he wasn't hungry.
(d) My father said that he had a cup of tea because he wasn't hungry. Ans: c
 POLL-05

Read the following sentences from i to iv

(i) Mom was annoyed with her performance .
(ii) The true fact is known to all .
(iii) Important data was not contained in the script.
(iv) One should keep ones promise.

Which of the following is/are correct?

(a) i & ii
(b) iii & iv
(c) none of these
(d) all of these
 POLL-06

Read the following sentences from i to iii

(i) The author and poetess is responsible for the mistakes.
(ii) Ramim or he have done the work.
(iii) A boy like you has solved the puzzle finally.

Which of the following is/are incorrect?

(a) i & iii
(b) ii & iii
(c) none of these
(d) all of these
 Agreement with Compound Subject

……..with……….
………….along with………….
Neither…… nor ………….together with…………..

Either…… or ……………….as well as………….

and …………and not…………..
Not only ……. but also
……………..in addition to……………
Not ………. but …………including to…………..
…………..accompanied by……
…………..like………….
 POLL-07

She had two eggs for breakfast and of them was fresh.

(a) both

(b) neither

(c) either

(d) all
 POLL-08

Read the following sentences from i to iii

(i) It was a three minutes call between the father and his son.
(ii) The class are arguing with one another.
(iii) The economics of the organization was so vast.

Which of the following is/are incorrect?

(a) i & iii
(b) ii & iii
(c) none of these
(d) all of these
 POLL-09

Had I her phone number, ?

(a) could I have called her

(b) I would call her

(c) would I call her

(d) I would have called her