Some Guide Questions: What Are The Rules For The Family Home To Be Exempt From Execution?

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SOME GUIDE QUESTIONS:

What are the rules for the family home to be exempt from execution?

If the family home was constructed before the effectivity of the Family Code, then it
must have been constituted either judicially or extra-judicially as provided under
Articles 225, 229-231 and 233 of the Civil Code. Judicial constitution of the family
home requires the filing of a verified petition before the courts and the registration
of the court’s order with the Registry of Deeds of the area where the property is
located. Meanwhile, extrajudicial constitution is governed by Articles 240 to 242 of
the Civil Code and involves the execution of a public instrument which must also be
registered with the Registry of Property.

For family homes constructed after the effectivity of the Family Code, there is no
need to constitute extrajudicially or judicially, and the exemption is effective from
the time it was constituted and lasts as long as any of its beneficiaries actually
resides therein. Moreover, the family home should belong to the absolute
community or conjugal partnership, or if exclusively by one spouse, its constitution
must have been with consent of the other, and its value must not exceed certain
amounts depending upon the area where it is located. Further, the debts incurred
for which the exemption does not apply as provided under Art. 155 for which the
family home is made answerable must have been incurred after the effectivity of
the Family Code.

And in both cases, whether under the Civil Code or the Family Code, it is not
sufficient that the person claiming exemption merely alleges that such property is a
family home. This claim for exemption must be set up and proved.

Does the exemption of family home from execution be set up and proved?

Yes. The family home’s exemption from execution must be set up and proved to the
Sheriff before the sale of the property at public auction. It should be asserted that
the property is a family home and that it is exempted from execution at the time it
was levied or within a reasonable time thereafter. It is not sufficient that the person
claiming exemption merely alleges that such property is a family home. Failure to
do so will estop one from later claiming the said exemption.

Sample question:

Let’s say na meron kang family home at gusto mo itong i-benta, kung ikaw ay may
asawa at tatlong anak, na lahat ay nasa wastong gulang na ngunit umaasa padin
sayo ng legal support, at dalawa dito sa anak mo ay suffering from down
syndrome, kailangan mo pa din ba nang majority consent ng beneficiaries mo para
maibenta ang bahay mo?
Answer: Yes. Kailangan pa din. As provided for in art. 158: “… majority of the
benificiaties of legal age”. Basta nasa wastong edad na sila, kailangan pa din ng
consent.

Note: In case of conflict, the court shall decide.

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