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    Earth's Magnetic Field: College of Arts and Sciences Mathematics, Statistics and Physics Department Physics Program

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    Abdul
    This experiment measured the horizontal component of Earth's magnetic field using a coil and compass. Students measured the angle of deflection of the compass needle from the coil's magnetic field at different currents. They graphed the cotangent of the angle versus the inverse of the current and calculated the slope to be 0.66, yielding a calculated horizontal field strength of 4.13×10-5 T. The actual field strength in Qatar is reported to be 4.5×10-5 T, so the calculated value has an error of 8% compared to the actual value.

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    Earth's Magnetic Field: College of Arts and Sciences Mathematics, Statistics and Physics Department Physics Program

    Uploaded by

    Abdul
    38 views4 pages
    This experiment measured the horizontal component of Earth's magnetic field using a coil and compass. Students measured the angle of deflection of the compass needle from the coil's magnetic field at different currents. They graphed the cotangent of the angle versus the inverse of the current and calculated the slope to be 0.66, yielding a calculated horizontal field strength of 4.13×10-5 T. The actual field strength in Qatar is reported to be 4.5×10-5 T, so the calculated value has an error of 8% compared to the actual value.

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    PHYS194 report 5(3).docx

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    This experiment measured the horizontal component of Earth's magnetic field using a coil and compass. Students measured the angle of deflection of the compass needle from the coil's magnetic field at different currents. They graphed the cotangent of the angle versus the inverse of the current and calculated the slope to be 0.66, yielding a calculated horizontal field strength of 4.13×10-5 T. The actual field strength in Qatar is reported to be 4.5×10-5 T, so the calculated value has an error of 8% compared to the actual value.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    38 views4 pages

    Earth's Magnetic Field: College of Arts and Sciences Mathematics, Statistics and Physics Department Physics Program

    Uploaded by

    Abdul
    This experiment measured the horizontal component of Earth's magnetic field using a coil and compass. Students measured the angle of deflection of the compass needle from the coil's magnetic field at different currents. They graphed the cotangent of the angle versus the inverse of the current and calculated the slope to be 0.66, yielding a calculated horizontal field strength of 4.13×10-5 T. The actual field strength in Qatar is reported to be 4.5×10-5 T, so the calculated value has an error of 8% compared to the actual value.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 4

    College of Arts and Sciences

    Mathematics, Statistics and Physics Department


    Physics Program

    Experimental Physics II for Engineering


    PHYS 194
    Session: L02 - CRN: 10271
    Fall 2016

    Earth’s magnetic field


    Student’s Name: Abdulah Youssef Jarouf Student’s ID: 201506738

    Partner’s Name: Abdullah Thabit Alyafei Partner’s ID: 201307354

    Partner’s Name: Hassan Ali Al Muhsin Partner’s ID: 201306879

    Lab Instructor: Huda Fadol ALyafei

    Date Performed: November 14th, 2016

    Date Submitted: November 25th , 2016

    :GRADE

    Objectives:

    1|Page
    The aim of this experiment is to produce a magnetic field in a coil and combine it with earth’s
    magnetic field, and to measure the horizontal component of the earth’s magnetic field by
    observing the position of a compass needle.

    Introduction:
     A magnet is a material that has a north pole and a south pole, and produces a magnetic field.
     A magnetic field can be produced by the presence of electric current through a conductor.
     The magnetic field in the earth is produced by the motion of electrical currents through the
    molten iron core by the friction within the molten. The electrical currents within the earth
    cause earth to act like a big bar magnet.
     In order to calculate the horizontal component of earth’s magnetic field, the magnitude of
    the field produced by the coil should be calculated first, which is perpendicular to the
    horizontal component of earth’s magnetic field, and given by:
    Bcoil =μ0 ∋ ¿ ¿
    2R
     The magnitude of the horizontal component of earth’s magnetic field is then given by:
    Bh=Bcoil ×cotθ=μ 0∋ ¿ ×cotθ ¿
    2R
    Bh= AI × cotθ
    Bh
     By Drawing a graph of 1/I vs. cot, the slope will be equal to .
    A

    Experimental Apparatus and Procedure:


    Power supply compass multimeters cupper coil

    Steps:
    1-Measure the radius of the coil, and its uncertainty.
    2-Count the number of turns of the coil used.
    3-Check that the needle of the compass is at the center (at angle zero).
    4-Make sure that the compass magnet is in the plane of the coil.
    5-Set the current to the given values, and measure the angle of derivation for the needle.

    Experiment Data:

    2|Page
    1 -1
    I ± 0.01 (A) θ ± 1 (A )
    I Cot (θ)
    0.10 9
    10 6.31
    0.15 11
    6.667 5.144
    0.25 20
    4 2.75
    0.4 32
    2.5 1.6
    1.00 56
    1 0.674

    Graphs:
    Earth’s magnetic field
    7
    f(x) = 0.66 x + 0.12
    6 R² = 0.97
    5

    4
    cot(θ)

    0
    0 2 4 6 8 10 12

    1/𝐼 (A-1)

    *Linest function for the graph:


    Slope 0.656793 0.121055 Intercepts
    ERR slope 0.062474 0.361809 ERR intercepts
    R2 0.973574 0.445672 ERR Bars

    Calculations and analysis:


    2
    d (cotθ )
    √
    ∆ ( cotθ ) = (
    dθ
    ×∆ θ) = √¿ ¿ ¿

    1 2

    1 -1
    1
    ∆ =
    I √ (
    d( )
    Id
    I

    1
    ∆ I
    × ∆ I )= 2
    I

    (A ) Cot (θ) ∆ Cot (θ) ∆ (A-1)


    I I
    10 6.31 1.070661 1.00
    6.667 5.144 0.001213 0.25
    4 2.75 0.006782 0.11
    2.5 1.6 0.001001 0.04
    1 0.674 0.002564 0.02

    3|Page
    Bh=slope × A=0.735× 6.28 ×10−5 =4.13 ×10−5 T

    Uncertainty on Bh.
    ∆ Bh=∆ slope × A=0.122 ×6.28 ×10−5=7.59 ×10−6 T

    Conclusion:
    In this experiment, we have calculated the horizontal component of the earth’s magnetic field,
    and obtained the result to be equal to ( 4. 13 ×10−5 T ). While the actual value in Qatar is ( 4 /4.5 × 10−5 T
    ). Different regions on earth have different values for the horizontal component. However, the difference
    between our calculated value and the actual value is small, with an error percentage of 8%, this
    percentage might have occurred due to an error in the apparatus used, or inaccuracy in conducting the
    experiment, such as the initial position of the compass needle which might not be exactly at the center.
    5 −5
    lautca eulav
    detaluclac eulav .4 5×01 −2−1.4 ×01
    rorrE% =| −
    lautca eulav
    expmntl 2 2
    |
    0×01 %=
    5.4 ×01 −5
    001 %=2.8 %
    ×

    〖(bh ¿ ¿ th−bh ¿)
    2 = th 2 expmntl
    ¿<3
    ( ∆ bh ) +〖 ∆ bh ¿¿
    2 = 0.24 < 3  the values of n are almost the same

    References:
    a. PHYS 194 Manual, p18, p30-32.
    b. Error propagation file.
    c. Internet sources: Wikipedia.
    d. http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/geomag-web/#igrfwmm

    4|Page

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