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    Dead Band Thermostat: Control System Components 207

    Uploaded by

    Rohit Shrestha
    This document discusses different types of control system thermostats: - Dead band thermostats operate between heating and cooling setpoints to conserve energy, with a "dead band" where neither occurs. They use two bimetal strips to modulate output pressure for heating and cooling. - Dual pressure thermostats can be direct or reverse acting depending on the season by changing the main air pressure sent to the thermostat. They control hot or chilled water valves for heating and cooling. - Day/night dual pressure thermostats similarly switch between day and night bimetal setpoints by changing the main air pressure to control temperature at different points for day and night use.

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    Dead Band Thermostat: Control System Components 207

    Uploaded by

    Rohit Shrestha
    23 views2 pages
    This document discusses different types of control system thermostats: - Dead band thermostats operate between heating and cooling setpoints to conserve energy, with a "dead band" where neither occurs. They use two bimetal strips to modulate output pressure for heating and cooling. - Dual pressure thermostats can be direct or reverse acting depending on the season by changing the main air pressure sent to the thermostat. They control hot or chilled water valves for heating and cooling. - Day/night dual pressure thermostats similarly switch between day and night bimetal setpoints by changing the main air pressure to control temperature at different points for day and night use.

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    This document discusses different types of control system thermostats: - Dead band thermostats operate between heating and cooling setpoints to conserve energy, with a "dead band" where neither occurs. They use two bimetal strips to modulate output pressure for heating and cooling. - Dual pressure thermostats can be direct or reverse acting depending on the season by changing the main air pressure sent to the thermostat. They control hot or chilled water valves for heating and cooling. - Day/night dual pressure thermostats similarly switch between day and night bimetal setpoints by changing the main air pressure to control temperature at different points for day and night use.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    23 views2 pages

    Dead Band Thermostat: Control System Components 207

    Uploaded by

    Rohit Shrestha
    This document discusses different types of control system thermostats: - Dead band thermostats operate between heating and cooling setpoints to conserve energy, with a "dead band" where neither occurs. They use two bimetal strips to modulate output pressure for heating and cooling. - Dual pressure thermostats can be direct or reverse acting depending on the season by changing the main air pressure sent to the thermostat. They control hot or chilled water valves for heating and cooling. - Day/night dual pressure thermostats similarly switch between day and night bimetal setpoints by changing the main air pressure to control temperature at different points for day and night use.

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    Control System Components 207

    output pressure would be 9 psig and at 69°F the branch output


    would be 15 psig.

    Dead Band Thermostat


    A dead band thermostat is a two-pipe controller that oper-
    ates in the same manner as a single pressure, single temperature
    thermostat. It’s used for energy conservation when a temperature
    span or “dead band” is required between the heating and cooling
    setpoints. The dead band pressure is the output pressure at which
    neither heating nor cooling takes place. This type of thermostat
    uses two bimetal strips. One bimetal strip for heating and one for
    cooling. The heating bimetal modulates the output pressure be-
    tween zero and the dead band pressure. The cooling bimetal
    modulates the output pressure between the dead band pressure
    and branch air pressure. For example, a dead band thermostat
    allows for heating below 70°F and cooling above 76°F. The dead
    band pressure is 8 degrees and the temperature span is 6 degrees.
    Therefore, when the space temperature is 70°F or below the
    branch output will be between 0 and 7 psig and heating will
    occur. However, when the space temperature is 76°F or above the
    output pressure will be between 9 and 15 psig and cooling will
    occur. There will be no heating or cooling at 8 psig when the
    space temperature is between 70°F and 76°F. Dead band thermo-
    stats are adjustable within the limits depending on the heating
    and cooling set points selected.

    Dual Pressure Thermostat


    The summer/winter system provides for the seasonal re-
    quirements of either cooling or heating and, depending on the
    season, either chilled water or hot water is supplied to the water
    coil in the air handing unit. Since the valve controlling the flow of
    hot water or chilled water remains the same, either normally open
    or normally closed, but not both, the system must have a thermo-
    stat which can be both direct acting and reverse acting. The bi-
    metal strip in the thermostat is changed from direct acting to
    reverse acting by a change in the main air pressure. For example,
    208 HVAC Fundamentals

    a dual pressure thermostat controls a normally open two-way


    valve. When the system is in the winter condition the higher main
    air pressure (18-25 psig) is sent to the thermostat. This makes the
    thermostat direct acting. As the space temperature rises an in-
    creased branch pressure is sent to the valve causing it to close,
    allowing less hot water into the coil. With a reduced supply of hot
    water the space will begin to cool. When the system is switched
    to summer conditions the lower main air pressure (13-16 psig) is
    sent to the thermostat, which changes it over to reverse acting.
    Now on a rise in space temperature, a decreasing pressure is sent
    to the valve causing it to open, supplying chilled water to the coil
    and the space will begin to cool.
    The day/night dual pressure thermostat lets you set and
    control space temperature at different points for the day and
    night or for varying load conditions. A day/night thermostat is
    essentially the same as a summer/winter thermostat except that
    the day/night thermostat has two bimetal strips and both are
    either direct acting or reverse acting. The two bimetal strips
    have separate setpoints. When the higher main air pressure (18-
    25 psig) is sent to the thermostat, the night bimetal strip is in
    control. When the lower pressure (13-16 psig) is sent the day bi-
    metal is in control. For example, a direct acting day/night ther-
    mostat controls a two-way, normally open heating valve. During
    the day the lower main air pressure is sent to the thermostat.
    The thermostat’s day setpoint is 71°F. Any temperature above
    71°F will send an increasing branch pressure to the valve caus-
    ing it to close. At 71°F or below the thermostat will send a de-
    creasing branch pressure to the valve causing it to open
    allowing more hot water into the coil. At night the main pres-
    sure is switched sending the higher main air pressure to the
    thermostat. The thermostat will now modulate the branch pres-
    sure based on the night bimetal strip which is set for 60°F. At
    60°F or below the thermostat will send a decreasing branch
    pressure to the valve causing it to open allowing more hot water
    into the coil. Any temperature above 60°F will send an increas-
    ing branch pressure to the valve causing it to close.

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