Generic Name: Indications: Adverse Effects

DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS SIDE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: Stimulates beta receptors in Indications: Adverse Effects: Monitor V/S. and check for cardiac
epinephrine lung. o Asthma dysrhythmias
o Bronchitis nervousness, tremor,
Brand Name: Relaxes bronchial smooth o Emphysema vertigo, pain, widened Drug increases rigidity and tremor in
Injection, OTC nasal muscle. o All cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis pulse pressure, patients with Parkinson’s disease
solution: o Used for symptomatic hypertension nausea
Adrenalin Chloride Increases vital capacity bradycardia. Epinephrine therapy interferes with
 BP,  HR,  PR o Relief of bronchospasm occurring Side Effects: tests for urinary catecholamine
Dosage/route: during anesthesia headache
1 mg IV of 1:10,000 Decreases airway resistance. Avoid IM use of parenteral suspension
o Exercised-induced bronchospasm
solution q 3-5 min; double Contraindications: into buttocks. Gas gangrene may occur
dose if administering Contraindicate in patients with angle-
via ET tube closure glaucoma, shock (other than Massage site after IM injection to
anaphylactic shock), organic brain counteract possible vasoconstriction.
Classification: damage, cardiac dilation, arrhythmias,
Beta2 Adrenergic Agonists coronary insufficiency, or cerebral Observe patient closely for adverse
arteriosclerosis. Also contraindicated in reactions.
patient receiving general anesthesia with
halogenated hydrocarbons or Notify doctor if adverse reaction develop
cyclopropane and in patients in labor If blood pressure increases sharply,
(may delay second stage) rapid-acting vasodilators such as nitrates
or alpha blockers can be given to
Some products containing sulfites and are counteract
contraindicated in patients with sulfite
allergies except when drug is used for
serious allergic reactions or in other
emergency situations.
In conjunction with local anesthesia,

epinephrine is contraindicated for use in
finger, toes, ears, nose, and genitalia.
Use cautiously with long-standing

bronchial asthma and emphysema, who
have developed degenerative heart
disease and in those with
hyperthyroidism, CV disease,
hypertension, psychoneurosis, or
diabetes.
In pregnant woman, drug is

contraindicated.
In breast feeding do not use the drug or

stop breast feeding.
DRUG NAME MECHANISMS OF ACTION INDICATIONS/CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS/ADVERSE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
S
Generic Principal opium alkaloid; acts as Indication Adverse Effect Caution patient not to chew or
Morphine Sulfate agonist at specific opioid Relief of moderate to severe acute CNS: Light-headedness, crush controlled-release
receptors in the CNS to produce and chronic pain dizziness, sedation, euphoria, preparations.
Brand analgesia, euphoria, sedation; dysphoria, delirium, insomnia,
Immediate-release tablets: the receptors mediating these Preoperative medication to sedate agitation, anxiety, fear, Dilute and administer slowly IV
MSIR effects are thought to be the and allay apprehension, facilitate hallucinations, disorientation, to minimize likelihood of
same as those mediating the induction of anesthesia, and reduce drowsiness, lethargy, impaired adverse effects.
effects of endogenous opioids anesthetic dosage mental and physical
Dosage/route:
(enkephalins, endorphins). performance, coma, mood Tell patient to lie down during
Adult- 5-200 mg IM/SC q4
Analgesic adjunct during anesthesia changes, weakness, headache, IV administration.
Children: 10mg IM/SC q4
tremor, seizures, miosis, visual
Component of most preparations disturbances, suppression of Keep opioid antagonist and
Classification that are referred to as Brompton's cough reflex facilities for assisted or
Opioid agonist analgesic cocktail or mixture, an oral controlled respiration readily
alcoholic solution that is used for CV: Facial flushing, peripheral available during IV
chronic severe pain, especially in circulatory collapse, tachycardia, administration.
terminal cancer patients bradycardia, arrhythmia,
palpitations, chest wall rigidity, Use caution when injecting SC
Intraspinal use with microinfusion hypertension, hypotension, or IM into chilled areas or in
devices for the relief of intractable orthostatic hypotension, syncope patients with hypotension or in
pain shock; impaired perfusion may
Dermatologic: Pruritus, delay absorption; with repeated
Unlabeled use: Dyspnea associated urticaria, Respiratory: doses, an excessive amount may
with acute left ventricular failure laryngospasm, bronchospasm, be absorbed when circulation is
and pulmonary edema edema restored.
Contraindication
GI: Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, Reassure patients that they are
biliary tract spasm; increased unlikely to become addicted;
Contraindicated with colonic motility in patients with most patients who receive
hypersensitivity to opioids; diarrhea chronic ulcerative colitis opioids for medical reasons do
caused by poisoning until toxins are not develop dependence
eliminated; during labor or delivery GU: Ureteral spasm, spasm of syndromes
of a premature infant (may cross vesical sphincters, urinary
immature blood–brain barrier more retention or hesitancy, oliguria, Teaching points
readily); after biliary tract surgery antidiuretic effect, reduced
or following surgical anastomosis; libido or potency Take this drug exactly as
pregnancy; labor (respiratory prescribed. Avoid alcohol,
depression in neonate; may prolong Respiratory: antihistamines, sedatives,
labor). Respiratory depression, tranquilizers, over-the-counter
apnea, circulatory drugs.
Use cautiously with head injury and depression, respiratory
increased intracranial pressure; arrest, shock, cardiac arrest Swallow controlled-release
acute asthma, COPD, cor preparation (MS Contin,
pulmonale, preexisting respiratory Side Effects Oramorph SR) whole; do not
depression, hypoxia, hypercapnia GI: dry mouth, constipation. cut, crush, or chew them.
(may decrease respiratory drive and Skin: Tissue irritation and
increase airway resistance); induration (SC injection). Do not take leftover medication
lactation (wait 4–6 hr after Other: sweating,physical for other disorders, and do not
administration to nurse the baby); tolerance and dependence, let anyone else take your
acute abdominal conditions, CV psychological dependence prescription.
disease, supraventricular
tachycardias, myxedema, seizure These side effects may occur:
disorders, acute alcoholism, Nausea, loss of appetite (take
delirium tremens, cerebral with food, lie quietly);
arteriosclerosis, ulcerative colitis, constipation (use laxative);
fever, kyphoscoliosis, Addison's dizziness, sedation, drowsiness,
disease, prostatic hypertrophy, impaired visual acuity (avoid
urethral stricture, recent GI or GU driving or performing tasks that
surgery, toxic psychosis, renal or require alertness and visual
hepatic dysfunction. acuity).
Report severe nausea, vomiting,

constipation, shortness of
breath or difficulty breathing,
rash.
DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATION/CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS /ADVERSE NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
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Generic Name: Indications: Adverse Effects

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DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS SIDE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

In conjunction with local anesthesia,

Use cautiously with long-standing

In pregnant woman, drug is

In breast feeding do not use the drug or

Report severe nausea, vomiting,

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