Electronic 1 Lab 4 P

Submitted by:
Muhammad Abdullah
Submitted to:
Sir Tahir Khan
Registration no;
FA19-BEE-110
Lab # 04
Lab # 4Clipper Circuits
Objectives
Understand a Combinational Clipper and verify its results practically as well through software
simulation.
• Describe diode clipper operating characteristics.

• To use a positive clipping circuit.
• To use a negative clipping circuit.
Introduction:
Electronic devices are very sensitive to voltage. If a large amplitude voltage is applied, it may
permanently destroy the device. So, it is essential to protect the electronics devices.The
protection of the electronic devices can be achieved by using the clipper circuits.
A clipper is a device that removes either the positive half (top half) or negative half (bottom
half), or both positive and negative halves of the input AC signal. In other words, a clipper is a
device that limits the positive amplitude or negative amplitude or both positive and negative
amplitudes of the input AC signal. In some cases, a clipper removes a small portion of the
positive half cycle or negative half cycle or both positive and negative half cycles. In the below
circuit diagram, the positive half cycles are removed by using the series positive clipper.
The clipper circuit does not contain energy storage elements such as capacitor but contains both
linear and no-linear elements. The linear elements used in the clippers include resistorsand the
non-linear elements used in the clippers include diodes or transistors.
One of the basic clipping device is the half wave rectifier. A half wave rectifier removes either
the positive half cycle or negative half cycle of the input AC signal and allows the remaining half
cycle of the input AC signal. Thus, a half wave rectifier acts as a clipper circuit.
The half wave rectifier (clipper circuit) is made up of one diode and a resistor. Depending on the
orientation of the diode, either the positive or the negative half cycle is removed.The resistor is
mainly used to limit the current flowing through the diode when it is forward biased.The clipping
(removal) of the input AC signal is done in such a way that the remaining part of the input AC
signal will not be distorted.
Clippers are often referred to as voltage limiters, current limiters, slicers, or amplitude selectors.
Clipper circuits are extensively used in digital computers, radars, television receivers, radio
receivers and other electronic systems for removing unwanted portion of the input AC signal.
Types of clippers
The clipper circuits are generally categorized into three types: series clippers, shunt clippers and
dual (combination) clippers. In series clippers, the diode is connected in series with the output
load resistance. In shunt clippers, the diode is connected in parallel with the output load
resistance.
The series clippers are again classified into four types: series positive clipper, series positive
clipper with bias, series negative clipper and series negative clipper with bias. The shunt
(parallel) clippers are again classified into four types: shunt positive clipper, shunt positive
clipper with bias, shunt negative clipper, and shunt negative clipper with bias.
In-Lab
• Perform the clamper circuits ofall Lab Tasks in Proteus DesignSuite or LTpice .
Equipmentand Materials
▪ One 10K Resistor ▪ Digital Multimeter
▪ One 1N4001 Silicon Diode ▪ Breadboard
▪ Dual Trace Oscilloscope ▪ Function Generator (6Vp-p@200 Hz)
▪ 0-15V dc power supply
In-Lab
Task 1:
• Wire the circuit as shown in figure 2 positive series clipper.

•
• Set your oscilloscope to the following settings:

Channel 1: 1 V/ division, dc coupling
Channel 2: 1 V/ division, dc coupling
Time base: 1 ms/division
Position the two lines on the display so that they are at the same level.
• Now connect the signal generator to the breadboard. Adjust the signal generator’s output
level at 10 V peak-to-peak at a frequency of 500 Hz.
• Notice that the positive peaks of the clipper’s output waveform are removed or clipped off.
Notice also that the clipping levels are not perfect; the positive peaks are clipped not at zero
volts, but at asmall positive voltage. This is because of 0.7V voltage drop across the diode.
Such an arrangement is called a positive clipper because the circuit limits the positive peaks
of the input waveforms.
• Measure and record Vmax , Vmin and Vpp .
• Now reverse the polarity of the diode as shown in figure 3. The behavior is opposite that of
the positive clipper. The waveform has all negative peaks of the input signal.
Again note that the clipping level is not perfect. Such an arrangement is called a negative
clipper because the circuit clips off the negative peaks of the input waveform.
Note:
• Following the above procedure, configurations given in Task 2 to Task 13 can be
implemented likewise.
• Measure and record Vmax, Vmin and Vpp for circuits of all tasks
• Sketch the output waveformsof all tasks
Task 2:
Task 3:
Task 4:
Task 5:
Task 6:
Task 7:
Task 8:
Task 9:
Task 10:
Task 11:
Task 12:
Task 13:
Task 2:
Vmax 80mv
Vmin -9.95v
Vpp 9.68v
Task 3:
Vmax 5.2v
Vmin -9.5v
Vpp 14.8v
Task 4:
Vmax -4.9v
Vmin -9.55v
Vpp 4.66v
Task 5:
Vmax 9.52v
Vmin 160mv
Vpp 9.68v
Task 6:
Vmax 9.48v
Vmin 4.92v
Vpp 4.56v
Task 7:
Vmin -5.19v
Vpp 14.86v
Vmax 9.60v
Task 8:
Vmax 560mv
Vmin -10.64v
Vpp 10.64v
Task 9:
Vmax 5.8v
Vmin -10v
Vpp 15.8v
Task 10:
Vmax -4.47v
Vmin -9.9v
Vpp 5.52v
Task 11:
Vmax 10v
Vmin 640mv
Vpp 10.6v
Task 12:
Vmax 9.02v
Vmin 4.40v
Vpp 5.52v
Task 13:
Vmax 10v
Vmin -5.39v
Vpp 15.4v
Design Problems
• Is a circuit possible that can clip both +ve and –ve half cycles of a wave? Can a combination
of both positive and negative clipper circuits be designed to achieve such a circuit?
• Design and implement a circuit to achieve the following output:
Critical Analysis:
In this lab we learnt the Combinational Clipper and verify its effects almost as properly thru
software program simulation. We also learnt the diode clipper operating characteristics. We
additionally learnt tha use a high quality clipping circuit and additionally the use of negative
clipping circuit.

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• Describe diode clipper operating characteristics.

▪ One 1N4001 Silicon Diode ▪ Breadboard

▪ Dual Trace Oscilloscope ▪ Function Generator (6Vp-p@200 Hz)

▪ 0-15V dc power supply

• Wire the circuit as shown in figure 2 positive series clipper.

• Set your oscilloscope to the following settings:

• Design and implement a circuit to achieve the following output:

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