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    3.mechanism of Lightning Strokes

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    mustafa albayati
    The mechanism of lightning strokes involves three main stages: 1. Charge separation occurs in thunderclouds from collisions between graupel and ice crystals, forming layers of positive and negative charge. 2. A stepped leader forms when the negative charge at the bottom of the cloud overcomes the air's resistance and moves towards the ground. 3. A return stroke occurs when a region of positive ions moves up from the ground to meet the stepped leader, forming an intense wave of positive charge traveling back up into the cloud.

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    3.mechanism of Lightning Strokes

    Uploaded by

    mustafa albayati
    60 views4 pages
    The mechanism of lightning strokes involves three main stages: 1. Charge separation occurs in thunderclouds from collisions between graupel and ice crystals, forming layers of positive and negative charge. 2. A stepped leader forms when the negative charge at the bottom of the cloud overcomes the air's resistance and moves towards the ground. 3. A return stroke occurs when a region of positive ions moves up from the ground to meet the stepped leader, forming an intense wave of positive charge traveling back up into the cloud.

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    3.mechanism-of-lightning-strokes

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    The mechanism of lightning strokes involves three main stages: 1. Charge separation occurs in thunderclouds from collisions between graupel and ice crystals, forming layers of positive and negative charge. 2. A stepped leader forms when the negative charge at the bottom of the cloud overcomes the air's resistance and moves towards the ground. 3. A return stroke occurs when a region of positive ions moves up from the ground to meet the stepped leader, forming an intense wave of positive charge traveling back up into the cloud.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    60 views4 pages

    3.mechanism of Lightning Strokes

    Uploaded by

    mustafa albayati
    The mechanism of lightning strokes involves three main stages: 1. Charge separation occurs in thunderclouds from collisions between graupel and ice crystals, forming layers of positive and negative charge. 2. A stepped leader forms when the negative charge at the bottom of the cloud overcomes the air's resistance and moves towards the ground. 3. A return stroke occurs when a region of positive ions moves up from the ground to meet the stepped leader, forming an intense wave of positive charge traveling back up into the cloud.

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    of 4

    MECHANISM OF LIGHTNING STROKES

    • Charge separation : Charge layers in the cloud are formed by


    the transfer of positive ions from warmer graupel to colder ice
    crystal when they collide with each other.
    • Stepped leader: When the negative charge near the bottom of
    the cloud is large enough to overcome the air's resistance, a
    stepped leader forms.
    • Return stroke :A region of positive ions move from the
    ground toward this charge, which then forms a return stroke
    into the cloud.
    • Dart leader: Not all of the first stroke neutralizes the
    negatively charged ions and results in another leader in 1/10 of
    a second
    MECHANISM OF LIGHTNING STROKES

    Current begins
    Electrons begin the return stroke,
    zigzagging an intense wave
    downward in a of positive
    forked pattern. As the leader and
    charge traveling
    This is the streamer come together,
    As the stepped leader upward about
    “stepped leader.” nears the ground, it
    a powerful electrical
    60,000 miles per
    current begins flowing.
    draws a streamer of second.
    positive charge upward.

    MElec-Ch6 - 2
    RETURN STROKES
    CHARACTERISTICS OF LIGHTNING
    STROKES
     Amplitude of the currents
     Rate of rise
     Probability of distribution of the above
     Wave shapes of the lightning voltages & currents
     Time to peak value & its rate of rise
     Specification:
     peak amplitude-5000kv in a transmission line
     Front time -2 to 10 microseconds
     Time – 20 to 100 microseconds
     Rate of rise of voltage – 1Mv/ microseconds

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