2001-5 Roof The Burgos Arena

A DESIGN TO ROOF THE BURGOS ARENA
Prof. Félix Escrig. School of Architecture of Sevilla.

Prof. José Sánchez. School of Architecture of Sevilla.
Avda. Reina Mercedes, 2. 41012. Sevilla. e-mail: felix@arqui4.us.es
Summary
Recently a lot of open spaces will be covered to use their installations even in adverse climatic cases.
Stadiums, tennis courts, fields for shocker, arenas, bullrings or swimming pools are the main uses
that demands this kind of transformable architecture. In our current work we find this necessity as a
consideration to introduce in our designs. In this paper we introduce a proposal than relates the
functionality with historical considerations, something than usually are not achieved.
1. Introduction
Burgos is a city with a monu-

mental heritage very impres-
sive. Among other monu-
ments the Cathedral is a mas-
terpiece of gothic architecture
very influenced by the Ger-
man style. Although it has a
basilical plant it contains sev-
eral examples of centralised
design. Gothic cathedrals are
very lighted buildings by
means of rose windows,
glassed walls and roof trans-
parencies. In some cases like
Beauveais the height is the
source for light (Figure 1.) In Fig. 1. Abs of the Beauveais Ca- Fig. 2. Lantern of the Burgos Cathedral.
other are the lanterns. Burgos thedral
is one of this examples where
a volcano of stone emerge upon the tiles, towers, and pinacles (Figure 2). Its internal view is
fantastic because the sky seems to rain between branches and foliage (Figure 3). The most curious
is that this gothic geometry has its origin in the Islamic patterns like the Cordoba Mosque (Figure
4) and even Romanesque examples like Torres del Río in Navarra (Figure 5). But Burgos joins to the
Fig. 3. Inner of the lantern of the Fig. 4. Dome in the Cordoba Fig. 5. Dome in the Torres del Río
Burgos Cathedral. Mosque.. Church (Navarra).
geometric perfection the light dropping between

the nerves like a waterfall of moss.
Burgos has other centralised rooms like the

Condestable Chapel very similar to the lantern of
the crossing vault (Figure 6). The main difference
is that in this case only the central diamonds are
embroidered and the rest are sails like hyperbolic
shells. The appearance is like flags flying to the
clef, such is the aspect so perfect that could be
build in stone, in concrete or in silk. This is be-
cause in our designs we have tried to achieve a
Fig. 6. External view of the Condestable Chapel in polygonal plan to be solved with gothic patterns
Burgos. (Figure 7). Burgos has other spaces solved with
similar traces, but it is unnecessary to remarke
the astonishment that it causes (Figure 8).
Other designs that we can derive of the same

building are the rose windows than can inspire
other patterns for a roof (Figures 9 and 10).
This is because when we are invited to propose a

design to cover the arena by means of a movable
roof, we did not doubt that The Condestable
Chapel would be our inspiration. This was not a
nostalgic taste for the antiquity nor a romantic
revival of ancient styles. It is the recognisance of
a perfect trace that is useful for today as well as it
was in the past.
Fig. 7. Internal view of the dome of the Condestable

Chapel in Burgos.
Fig. 8. Plan of the Burgos Cathedral.
Fig. 9. Main facade of the Burgos Cathedral with a Fig. 10. The Surmental entrance and rose window in
giant rose windows. the Burgos Cathedral.
Fig. 11. Main frame of the Burgos Arena.
2. Description
The Burgos Arena has 100 m. of diameter for the external perimeter and an internal ring of 45 m. The
upper seats are covered by a 8 m. flight cantilever (Figure 11) The actual building is dated in 1966
and is of a poor quality and not able to load additional weights. If so not only the structure but the
foundations also would be reinforced. The whole is assembled with 56 radial frames as shown in
the Figure 11 to achieve the actual arena (Figure 12).
Fig. 12. General view of the Burgos Arena.

Fig. 13. Location of the site in the city of Burgos.
Fig. 14. Sketch for the roof of Burgos Arena.
Fig. 15. Sketch to be uses as a solution.
Fig. 16. Structural proposal for the roof of

Burgos Arena.
Fig. 17. Complete structural proposal. Fig. 18. The structure placed on the real plant.
Fig. 19. Compresion elements.
The building is placed near the Arlanzón river, far from the historical town and not conditioned by
the preservation codes (Figure 13).
3. Proposal
Although we tried to base our design on the Sarmental facade rose window (Figure 14), immedi-
ately we derived to the Condestable Chapel roof (Figure 15) solved by means of a tensigrity
structure (Figure 16 and 17). Placed on the plant it is situated like shows the Figure 18. The
structural solution is shown in the Figure 19 where the poles hying the Figure 20. The rest of the
lines are cables prestressed from a reinforced concrete ring placed at the top level.
The most important condition was the mobility of the central part of the roof. The Figure 21 shows
the central star deployed and the Figure 22 completely closed.
The Figures 23 and 24 shows the internal views. The folding is realised around the central pole that
contains the mechanical devices, the platform for cameras and lights, ventilation and maintenance.
The materials proposed are Polyester PVC coated and steel.
Fig. 20. Solution placed on the actual building.
Fig. 21. Deployable roof. Fig. 22. Folded roof.
Fig. 23. Internal folded view. Fig. 24. Internal deployed view.
4. Structural Behaviour.
The loads to be considered in the proposal are snow (80 Kp/sqm.) selfweight (10 Kp/sqm.) and
wind pressure or suction (till 80 Kp/sqm.) symmetrical or unsymmetrical. The prestress to be
considered is the necessary to guaranty than any element become slack. With this conditions we
used our computer program specially developed for these cases.
This kind of structures works very well and looks fine as examples completed shows. The first by
Geiger in Seul or Florida with a 200 m. diameter or the most complexes by Levi in Atlanta, with a
elliptical plant or the Pulsar dome retractable at first.
A main advantage is that they can be erected by succesive loops, as shown in the Fig. 25.
5. References
1. Escrig, F. “Las grandes estructuras de los edificios históricos” Instituto Universitario de Ciencias
de la Construcción. Sevilla 1997.
2. Escrig, F. “Influence of the constructive systems in the structural perfomance of ancient domes”
Structural Studies of Historical Buildings IV. Vol 2. Computational Mechanics Pub, Southampton
1995.
3. Ishii, K. “Structural Desing of Retractable Roofs”. WIT Press. Southampton 2000.
Fig. 25. Succesive loops to erect the roof.

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A DESIGN TO ROOF THE BURGOS ARENA

Prof. Félix Escrig. School of Architecture of Sevilla.

Burgos is a city with a monu-

geometric perfection the light dropping between

Burgos has other centralised rooms like the

Other designs that we can derive of the same

This is because when we are invited to propose a

Fig. 7. Internal view of the dome of the Condestable

Fig. 12. General view of the Burgos Arena.

Fig. 14. Sketch for the roof of Burgos Arena.

Fig. 15. Sketch to be uses as a solution.

Fig. 16. Structural proposal for the roof of

Fig. 19. Compresion elements.

Fig. 21. Deployable roof. Fig. 22. Folded roof.

Fig. 25. Succesive loops to erect the roof.

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