53.

5 °𝐶
20°𝐶

𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑜 = 7.527 𝑔 𝑡𝑎2

𝑡𝑎1
𝑡𝑎3
𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 = 100 𝑔

75 𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑔
𝑃ℎ: 9% ℎ𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑎𝑑

𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑜 = 37.8 𝑔
𝑡𝑥3
𝑡𝑥1 𝑡𝑥2 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 = 52.2 𝑔

𝐾𝑔
𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚 = 0.894
𝑐𝑚2
7.527
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
𝑋 𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑚 = = 0.07
100 + 7.527
37.8
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
𝑋𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑 = = 0.42
52.2 + 37.8
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑐𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜:
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
𝑋 𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑚 0.07
̅̅̅̅
𝑋𝑝𝑖 = = = 0.0969
𝑛 𝑋 − 𝑋𝐴𝑙𝑖𝑚 1 0.42 − 0.07
1 − 𝑁 ( 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑋𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑 ) 1 − 3 ( 0.42 )

𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜

 ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
𝑋 𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑚 0.07
̅̅̅̅
𝑋𝑝𝑖 = = = 0.1575
𝑛 𝑋 − 𝑋𝐴𝑙𝑖𝑚 2 0.42 − 0.07
1 − 𝑁 ( 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑋𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑 ) 1 − 3 ( 0.42 )

̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
𝑋 𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑚 0.07
̅̅̅̅
𝑋𝑝𝑖 = = = 0.42
𝑛 𝑋𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑 − 𝑋𝐴𝑙𝑖𝑚 3 0.42 − 0.07
1−𝑁( 𝑋𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑 ) 1 − 3( 0.42 )

𝑃𝑜𝑟 𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑁𝑜𝑚𝑜𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑎:

𝐴𝑃𝐸1 = 0.1
𝐴𝑃𝐸2 = 0.2
𝐴𝑃𝐸3 = 2.9

∆𝑇𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 = 𝑇𝑉𝐴𝑃𝑆𝐴𝑇 − 𝑡𝑎 − ∑ 𝐴𝑃𝐸

𝑡𝑎 = 𝑡𝑐 = 𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑎𝑑𝑜
1.033 𝐾𝑔
𝑃𝑣𝑎𝑝 = 75 𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑔 ( ) + 0.894 = 6.16 𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑎
14.7 𝑐𝑚2
𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝐷𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑎 𝑃𝐴𝑏𝑠 𝑇𝑣𝑎𝑝 = 159 °𝐶 𝜆 = 497.3 𝐻 = 658.4
𝐾𝑔 𝐾𝑔
∆ 𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 = 159 − 53.5 − (0.1 + 0.2 + 2.9) = 102.3 °𝐶
𝐵𝑇𝑈 𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑈 = 369.87 (4.88) = 1804.96 = 𝑈3
ℎ 𝑓𝑡 2 °𝐹 ℎ 𝑚2 °𝐶
𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑈 = 2025.2 = 𝑈1
ℎ 𝑚2 °𝐶
𝐵𝑇𝑈 𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑈 = 390 2
(4.88) = 1903.2 = 𝑈2
ℎ 𝑓𝑡 °𝐹 ℎ 𝑚2 °𝐶
1 1 𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑈𝑇 = = = 635.63
1 1 1 1 1 1 ℎ 𝑚2 °𝐶
+ + + +
𝑈1 𝑈2 𝑈3 2025.2 1903.2 1804.96
𝑈𝑇
Δ𝑇𝑖 = (Δ𝑇𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 )
𝑈𝑖
𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙
635.63
Δ𝑇1 = ℎ 𝑚2 °𝐶 (102.3 °𝐶) = 32.1 °𝐶
2025.2
𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙
635.63
Δ𝑇2 = ℎ 𝑚2 °𝐶 (102.3 °𝐶) = 34.16 °𝐶
1903.2
𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙
635.63
Δ𝑇3 = ℎ 𝑚2 °𝐶 (102.3 °𝐶) = 36.02 °𝐶
1804.96
𝐶𝑜𝑛 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑎 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝐴𝑃𝐸 𝑦 𝑎 𝑙𝑎𝑠 Δ𝑇
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑟 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜
Δ𝑇𝑖 = 𝑇𝑣𝑎𝑝 − 𝑡𝑥𝑖 ∴ 𝑡𝑥𝑖 = 𝑇𝑣𝑎𝑝 − Δ𝑇𝑖
 𝑡𝑥𝑖 = 159°𝐶 − 32.1°𝐶 = 126.9 °𝐶
𝐴𝑃𝐸 = 𝑡𝑥1 − 𝑡𝑎1 = 𝑡𝑠𝑜𝑙 − 𝑡𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝 ∴ 𝑡𝑎1 = 𝑡𝑥1 − 𝐴𝑃𝐸1

𝑡𝑎 = 𝑡𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜

𝑡𝑥 = 𝑡𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜
𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑡𝑎1 = 126.9 − 0.1 = 126.8 °𝐶 = 𝑡𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝1 ∴ 𝜆𝑣𝑎𝑝1 = 521.4
𝐾𝑔
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜
𝑡𝑥2 = 126.8 − 34.16 = 92.64°𝐶
𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑡𝑎2 = 92.64 − 0.2 = 92.44°𝐶 ∴ 𝐻 = 635.9 𝜆𝑣𝑎𝑝2 = 543.3
𝐾𝑔 𝐾𝑔
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 3𝑒𝑟 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜:
𝑡𝑥3 = 92.44 − 36.02 = 56.42°𝐶
𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑡𝑎3 = 56.42 − 2.9 = 53.52°𝐶 ∴ 𝐻 = 620.3 𝜆𝑣𝑎𝑝3 = 566.6
𝐾𝑔
𝐶𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝐸𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑝𝑖𝑎𝑠
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜 1:
𝐻𝑙𝑖𝑞 = 𝐶𝑝 Δ𝑇 Δ𝑇 = 𝑇 − 𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑓 𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑓 = 0°𝐶 = 32°𝐹
𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝐶𝑝 = 1 − 0.26𝑋̅ − 0.0012𝑡[=]
𝐾𝑔 °𝐶
𝐻𝑣𝑎𝑝 = 𝐻𝑣 + 0.45(𝐴𝑃𝐸)

𝐻𝐴𝐿𝐼𝑀𝐸𝑁𝑇𝐴𝐷𝑂 = [1 − 0.26(0.07) − 0.0012(25)](25 − 0) = 23.79

𝐻𝑃1 = [1 − 0.26(0.096) − 0.0012(126.9)](126.9 − 0) = 104.40
𝐻𝐸1 = 𝐻𝑎 𝑡𝑎1 + 0.45 𝐴𝑃𝐸 = 648.4 + 0.45(0.1) = 648.44

𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜 2:
𝐻𝐴 = 104.4
𝐻𝑃2 = [1 − 0.26(0.1575) − 0.0012(92.64°𝐶)](92.64°𝐶 − 0) = 78.54
𝐻𝐸2 = 635.9 + 0.45(0.2) = 635.99
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜 3:
𝐻𝐴𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 78.54
𝐻𝑃3 = [1 − 0.26(0.42) − 0.0012(56.42°𝐶)](56.42°𝐶 − 0) = 46.44
𝐻𝐸3 = 620.3 + 0.45(2.9) = 621.6
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠 𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜
𝐻𝑝 𝑋𝐴 − 𝐻𝐴 𝑋𝑃
[. ] = 𝐻𝐸 +
𝑋𝑃 − 𝑋𝐴
 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜 1
104.40(0.07) − 23.79(0.0969) 𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙
[. ]1 = 648.44 + = 834.41
0.0969 − 0.07 𝐾𝑔
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜 2
78.54(0.0969) − 104.4(0.1575) 𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙
[. ]2 = 635.99 + = 490.23
0.1575 − 0.0969 𝐾𝑔
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜 3
46.44(0.1575) − 78.54(0.42) 𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙
[. ]3 = 621.6 + = 523.4
0.42 − 0.1575 𝐾𝑔
𝑃𝑜𝑟 𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠
𝑀𝑣 𝜆𝑣 = 𝐸1 [. ]1
𝑀𝐸1 𝜆𝐸1 = 𝐸2 [. ]2

𝑀𝐸2 𝜆𝐸1 = 𝐸3 [. ]3

𝐸𝑇 = 𝐸1 + 𝐸2 + 𝐸3
𝑆𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑦𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜:
𝑀𝑣 (497.3 ) = 𝐸1 (834.41)
𝐸1 (521.4) = 𝐸2 (490.23 )
𝐸2 (543.3) = 𝐸3 (523.4 )
𝐸𝑇 = 𝐸1 + 𝐸2 + 𝐸3 = 17500
21000(0.07) 𝐾𝑔
𝑀𝑃3 = = 3500
0.42 𝐻
𝐾𝑔
𝐸𝑇 = 21000 − 3500 = 17500
𝐻
𝑃𝑜𝑟 𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑇𝑒𝑥𝑎𝑠

𝐶𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑑𝑒 Á𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠:
𝑀𝑣 𝜆
𝐴=
𝑈Δ𝑇
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜 1:
9269.76(497.3)
𝐴1 = = 70.91 𝑚2
2025.2(32.1)
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜 2:
 5524.68(521.4)
𝐴2 = = 44.30𝑚2
1903.2(34.16)
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜 3
5875.96(543.3)
𝐴3 = = 49.2 𝑚2
1804.96(36.02)
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑙𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 á𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠 𝑠𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛 𝑙𝑎𝑠 Δ𝑇
𝑀𝑣 𝜆𝑣 9269.76(497.3)
′ 𝑈1 2025.2
Δ𝑇1 = (Δ𝑇𝑇 ) = (102.3) = 41.88°𝐶
𝑀𝑣 𝜆𝑣 𝐸1 𝜆 𝐸2 𝜆 9269.76(497.3) 5524.68(521.4) 5875.96(543.3)
𝑈1 + 𝑈2 + 𝑈3 + +
2025.2 1903.2 1804.96
𝐸2 𝜆 5524.68(521.4)
𝑈2 1903.2
Δ𝑇2′ = (Δ𝑇𝑇 ) = (102.3) = 27.85 °𝐶
𝑀𝑣 𝜆𝑣 𝐸1 𝜆 𝐸2 𝜆 9269.76(497.3) 5524.68(521.4) 5875.96(543.3)
𝑈1 + 𝑈2 + 𝑈3 2025.2
+ 1903.2 + 1804.96
𝐸3 𝜆 5875.96(543.3)
′ 𝑈3 1804.96
Δ𝑇3 = (Δ𝑇𝑇 ) = (102.3) = 32.54°𝐶
𝑀𝑣 𝜆𝑣 𝐸1 𝜆 𝐸2 𝜆 9269.76(497.3) 5524.68(521.4) 5875.96(543.3)
𝑈1 + 𝑈2 + 𝑈3 + +
2025.2 1903.2 1804.96
𝑅𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 á𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠:
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜 1:
9269.76(497.3)
𝐴1 = = 54.35 𝑚2
2025.2(41.88°𝐶)
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜 2:
5524.68(521.4)
𝐴2 = = 55.34 𝑚2
1903.2(27.85 °𝐶)
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜 3
5875.96(543.3)
𝐴3 = = 54.35 𝑚2
1804.96(32.54°𝐶)
54.35 + 54.34 + 54.35
𝐴𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑜 = = 54.346 𝑚2
3
𝐴 𝑇 = 3(54.346) = 163.03 𝑚2

𝐸3 (𝐻𝐸3 − 𝐻𝑇𝑐 ) 6099.36 (621.6 − 1(53.5 − 0)) 𝐾𝑔 𝑙

𝑎) 𝐺𝑣𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = = = 103434.22 = 28.73
𝐻𝑇𝑐 − 𝐻𝑇,𝐻2 𝑂 53.5 − 20 ℎ 𝑠

𝐾𝑔 𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝐾𝑔 𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑏) [. ]3 ∗ (1 ) = 523.4 (1 ) = 523.4
ℎ 𝐾𝑔 𝐻 𝐻
𝐶) 𝐷 = 2 𝑖𝑛 𝐿 = 3.5 𝑚

𝐴 54.346 𝑚2
𝐴 = 𝜋𝐷 ∗ 𝐿 ∗ 𝑁𝑇𝑢𝑏𝑜𝑠 ∴ 𝑁𝑇𝑢𝑏𝑜𝑠 = = = 97.29 𝑡𝑢𝑏𝑜𝑠 ≈ 98 𝑇𝑢𝑏𝑜𝑠.
𝜋𝐷 ∗ 𝐿 𝜋(0.0508 𝑚)(3.5 𝑚)
𝑒) 𝐸𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑎 𝑦 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑎
 𝑈1 𝐴1 ∆𝑇1 ′ 2025.2(54.367)(41.88) 𝐾𝑔
𝑀𝑣 = = = 10302.65
𝜆(%𝐻𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑎𝑑) 497.3(0.09) ℎ
17500 𝐸𝑇 17500 𝐾𝑔
𝐸= = 1.69 𝐶𝐸 = = = 107.3
10302.65 𝐴 𝑇 163.03 ℎ 𝑚2