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    Lab 7 Handouts

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    kashaf
    Implementation of Sampling and Reconstruction process

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    Lab 7 Handouts

    Uploaded by

    kashaf
    12 views7 pages
    Implementation of Sampling and Reconstruction process

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    Lab 7 Handouts (1)

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    Implementation of Sampling and Reconstruction process

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    12 views7 pages

    Lab 7 Handouts

    Uploaded by

    kashaf
    Implementation of Sampling and Reconstruction process

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 7

    International Islamic University Islamabad

    Communication Systems Lab

    Experiment No. 7:

    Implementation of Sampling and Reconstruction process

    Name of Student: …………………………………..


    Roll No.: ……………………………………………
    Date of Experiment: ………………………………..
    Experiment No. 7:

    Implementation of Sampling and Reconstruction process


    Equipment/Tools

    •CT-3000 Trainer.
    •Sample & Hold, Data Generator, 4 Clock, Clock to Sine Converter & LPF modules.
    •Oscilloscope. Tool Kit.

    Theory

    A band-limited signal f(t) with maximum signal frequency fm (bandwidth) can be


    reconstructed by filtering when sampled at a rate greater than twice fm. If a signal is sampled at
    Nyquist rate i.e. 2fm, then an ideal low pass filter is required to reconstruct the original signal. In
    practice we can’t realize ideal LPF (with brick wall response), therefore in order to reconstruct the
    signal free of distortion, we sample the signal at rate greater than 2fm so as to spread out in
    frequency domain, the sidebands of the sampled signal. The cut off frequency of LPF must be
    equal to the fm and order should be high enough to reject side bands to a sufficient level.
    Mathematically, if a band limited signal f(t), is sampled with sampling function g(t) shown below,
    then sampled signal r(t), can written as,

    𝑟(𝑡) = 𝑓(𝑡). 𝑔(𝑡)

    The Fourier spectrum of the sampled signal is

    𝑅 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑐(𝑛𝑑). [𝐹(𝜔 − 𝜔𝑠) + 𝐹(𝜔 − 𝜔𝑠)]


    Diagram

    Procedure

    • Connect trainer to power supply. Turn on the trainer and verify the voltages of the power supply
    using the multimeter.

    • Plug in 4 CLK Module (CM), Clock to Sine Converter (CS), Data Generator (DG), and Sample
    & Hold (S/H) modules in ports #1, #2, #4 and #5, respectively. Connect J1 of DG to J2 of DG,
    J3 of DG to J1 of 4 CM, J2 of 4 CM to J3 of S/H and J1 of CS and J2 of CS to J1 of S/H.

    • Connect scope CH1 to J1 of DG and verify presence of clock signal of about 66 KHz frequencies.
    Next, connect CH1 to J1 of CM and see square wave signal ½ of clock signal present at J1 of DG
    and then CH1 to J2 to display stable pulse waveform (sampling signal, g(t) of fig.2 ), ¼ of square
    wave signal present at J1 of CM.

    • Connect CH2 of the scope to J2 of CS to display stable sine wave signal of about 1 KHz (input
    signal, f(t) of fig. 2.2). Vary pot on CS to set its amplitude to one-volt peak to peak level. This
    signal is also the input signal to the S/H module. Set the scope time base such that at least one
    complete cycle of sine wave, is displayed on CH2.

    • Next connect CH2 of the scope to J2 of S/H module to display sampled 1 KHz sine signal (r(t) of
    fig.2) by changing the position of jumper upward on S/H module. Vary amplitude pot on CS and
    see that the amplitude of the sampled signal also varies, accordingly.
    Sample and Hold Circuit

    • Connect a capacitor of 1000PF across J4 and J5 of S/H.


    • Change the position of jumper downward on S/H module.

    • Observe the output now. The sampled waveform will convert into sample and
    hold waveform s(t), as shown in Fig.2.2. Draw waveform of the sampled signal
    below:

    Signal Recovery After Sampling

    • Design a simple RC low pass filter with cut off frequency of 1KHz using the
    equation:

    • Connect sample and hold waveform to RC LPF and observe the recovered
    waveform. Draw the waveform of the recovered sine signal below:
    • Insert LPF filter board in port #6. Connect filtered waveform to the input of LPF and
    observe the output waveform. The waveform will be smoothed and free of ripples.
    • Next, remove the sample and hold capacitor and see its effect on the output waveform.

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