•

....

' -ublished !Jy f/,,e

AMERICA N JULY 1924
R ADIO RELAY
LEAGUE
2
 ,..\ T the .... t-:-~:--hnrP--·ln ,,1H:> 1.,f '"ur vrf-1:tt
.i.~ nfitinn}ll n~rk~, .ir 1,.vhil1? inotnrinv. -::nq
·,Yill rrnrl. · th~ '~nnnin~harn Dry Hfltt:·PrY
i.J~tp(•tor and .-'U1q_1litlPl\ T.:--T•il? C-~9r1• th~
ldP;d Tub~ i'(lr your Ti(•l'tahlP. !'t->('t->ivinp_-
-~..,. l -
T'hf' ;.-;pPi~!:-il tilamP.nt ot' thift t.nhP liAvinit
H ,~urr-Ptit. :--11 i0w ttrnt H mwv 'rf'f'ei q• lr.~
~11ppjy from 1-lt.anfl::ird No. 1; Dr~ ·i-n-ltt@1·iP...:
or ev~n from ,-,rrtinary ti::ish ... li1rht 1.at--
r,~rln-:, ff11,1kt>--.. t,p,.,_sihlP this .... !Itt:'rtaininr;;,:
;'lrp1ic;t1.lon ot' H'r1riio in ~o!R1.'f-'S f::-tr 't"PmntP.
1',mr deatpr ('OU oi-,:~: 'tJ(Hl n ..:1clul 8/.f.(fac.-i:-
i/or,R ,for !he "!}"Urt;h,uu> ,:,r ,:,.01xtru('tJ,,;.,;· r,f
o. h·ir1hl11 ~tlki,,,,;; a;,,i 1,rndi(•nl. jirrrfl'l.h!t>
J.:1.uUo Sfi", ,\frtkr !fd~ n NnrHn ~umm,-r,

Notices C11nninP.'hi\t11
hi':' lT!\,"i'i'r-'-ri
l.1<:ltPntR thttP.rl '.:!~!~-(•~. :.:nlX-12. J_~_;)fl-l~.
!O-~:t-tf, 1U-2!S-17 ~-tnrl. others l;;;-.t1t>ri :ind
1·.._•ndin1:t, Lt~cm><Hi for :-imatf'1Jr, 'Wl!ri-
1111;-•nt11.J H.nd f.'tttertr1.lr1mPnt ip..;p it1 radio
('onimnnicat,ion. .\ny ,:other u~~• 1,1,·ill hP
,'-rn infrirun··n-1Pnt.
t'-1mntnvh::i.m 4(1-n~p._-f'" flat~ Hook
fq !ly t;.\.piainin?:" ·1.'h!'e and opt:>rH-
/.inn ot" H:=1.dln 'T'uhe~ now :-ivai1-
:-1iilP l_;y ;:-,(-'!Ill-in~ !fl(' Jn ;-;tampR
tq St:tn l•rrinrh.:~:n otlH':P.

Home Office :
Branch 182 Second Street
Chici\go San Francisco
 9#,h a Radiola
on the Front Porch
A Radiola Rcgenoflex on the front porch
-and that porch can be way up in the
All the jan ol' the big orches•
tras in farawav hig towns m.ountains, or off at the seashore-but it's
t.~(·,mes through clearly for
dancing. The fine tnusic is not too far away to be in on the fun.
true, swet..~t toned, undistort-
e.d.~ The ::.ports news rings
out with all the thrill of The improvements in its mechanism offe1
blea.:.hers or ringside. The
Re.t:enoflex is a leader atnong greater sensitivity and greater selectivity i
the uew Radiolas that are
tnaking th.i~ a great radio dearer tone; and complete simplicity.
summCr!
Where quality of reception counts as much
as distance, the Regenoflex is the receiver
'fhiss,vmbol /In~,-. for this summer's fun!
f:,.f quuiic:y ~
", ""'71zeres a RadiolaJor every purse"
Radio Corporation of .A.merica Send for the fr. ·e booklet that
Sales OJ/ices describes ette·ry Radiola.
2.33 Br0~dwav !.()So.LaSalle Street 433 California Street
N,,·,.v York Chicago, 111. San francisco, Cal. / RADIO ('.ORP~RA'l'~~N UF /,J.-lERlCA

•
1

DflIJL '.!}:\7 'Address ,itii\rt! !.l<.:i;iit.':~t vou_,

I rJe-a-....- ~•:·-nd me\ 0ur tree H.a1.1J" Bn0l-let.
I Name

I
IH.G. U. S ~.,AT OH

1
 Improve your set with an
ACME ''Lowest loss'' condenser
Becau11e of low losses and sharp
tuning practically all the currents
on the antenna can now be uaed

t
"""
."'
;J\
-,"-r,
,{'

<,/•'
',

l·-St.eel bra.as cone bea.rings arijust.a.ble.

2·--~Lock nut for bearing.
:J •-Highest grade hard rubber Dielootric in that part
\Vhich one is your tuning cof the field t.o prevent !oases,
4.-Brase se-paru..tor lo which hoth rntR'r'Y and ata,.
circuit tionary plat';!-£\ are .soldered~ making 1.~<,nt.inuou••
z·irc.uit for eJ1wh.
the hump or the peak? 5--B-ra!-!e Rilver-nlated plates; rot,a-ry plate~ log-aritb.-
mie.
HERE are the curves of two tun- t)-~Dust proof ,!overing.
-1·-----Stops at extr'eme f.!,Ild of movements.
ing circuits. The hump has a 8-"CoilM! connection hetwAfn shaft and heads &!low-
high loss condenser and the peak a low ing lu.bru',ation of bearings.
loss ,:ondenser. Both receive broad- ~l-Bra.~8 Aepa.rator to whh~h both rotary and st.a,.
casting, but the peak receives local and t\onary plate& are 1~n.\dered, making i::-:ontinuou1t
distant stations without interference, circuit fv.t' e:1ch.
while the hump receives only the near- 10-Cr,unterwP.lp.:ht ·which ba1ance11- rotary plates.
by stations with interference. 'rhe new 11-Noisele~s friction \!l.;'rnier control .;.evt~n to one
l'Rdll,
A.cme Condenser will change your tun- U!·--Hra.!:<~ ~Pparator.s to -prevent twisting and to take
ing drcuit from a hump to a peak. ,~trttin off Dielectric.
1 :J-Panei mounting holds for 120 degrees •pacing.
The Acme engineet·s have been work-
14-Metal heads.
ing for two years to brin.!i" out H eon- 1 f.-St~el bushing" to r,rt>vent W!far c,n ·vernier shaft.
denser which would >,dve to Radio ex- All parts .are vi' non-rusting UH~ta1. p;,.:r,1"-pt. 1:1te~i
perimenters sharp tuning and minimum heHrlni;.t' whi.c..h i.~ covered with niekd-platt"d pro-
losBes. The new Acme Condenser has h:•ctive .':.>Hr-fapi:-,, Bnd p!ate- caraeity 11:J .OOOIJ 16 m.f~
fulJ cnpaeH.Y :i.':; .0005 m.f. Price :f,Li\O,
these fundamental advantages and also
has many new improvements in struc- Cut out and •end thi• coupcJn
ture and equipment. See the il1ustra- A!~n1e Appa:rattts Company
tion with explanation, and, for more in- Dept. 'l ,,o. Catnbridge. M.a~s.t U.S.A.
formation, write to us for b(•oklet-- fi-f'nt.1emtn: 1 ;,i:m endosi.ng 10 t:•ents { U. 3e
:;;r,amps or coin) for a tto.t.>Y of your book~ "'Am-
"Amplification w i th o u t Distortion," 1.o!itit'at.ion without Distortion.''
which contains many diagrams and help-
:ful hints ou how to build and get the Name
most out of a set. Street
ACME APPARATUS COMPANY (',ity . . . . . . • . , . , , , , •.. , ... , E)tate, .• , . , , •• ~.
Dept. 150 Cambridge, Mass.

ME ,_,for arnpliflci!Jfion
2 ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS
 THE TRAFFIC DEPARTMENT, A.R.R.L.
ATLANTIC DIVISION
Manmier C, H. Stewart Si. David's. Pa.
A.D •. M. D. of C. A. H. Gvudall 1824 ln!rleside Ter. Washington
A.D.M. Maryland G. L. Uekhmann, Jr. Chap"'! G8.te Lane, 'fen Hills Baltimore
A.D.M. No. N. ;r. A. G. WeRi.et-. Jr~ 1075 Chancellor St. Irvington
A.D.M. So. N. ,I. H. W. Densham 14V Washinvtnn St. Collingswood
A.IJ.M. ER.SL, N.Y. E. M. Gh,ser 84fi F,. l '.lth St. Brooklyn
A.D.M. WPst. N. Y, C. s. 'raylor fiH8 MaKten St. Buffalo
A.D.M. East. Penna. .J. F. Rau 2085 E). Kingston St. Philadelphia
A.D.M. We·st. Penna. P. E. Wiggin ,·,14 ;fohnston St. Wilkinsburg
A.ll.M. Deiaware H. H. Layton 80r, V1./a"fhington 8-t. Wilmington
CENTRAL DIVISION
M11.naver R. H. n. Mathew::t :~32 ~i. Mich. Ave. Chicago, JI!.
A.D.M. Michigan U, E:. llarr 1:17 Hill Av,:,., Highland Pk. Detroit
A.D.M. Ohio C. E:, Nichols ·1;rn ·weador:k Ave. Lima
A.D.M. Illinois N. C. ~.;mith 9 ti North Glenn Oak Avf•. PPoria
A.D.M. Wisconsin ('. N. Craµn 44:{ NPwt.on Ave. Milwaukee
A.D.M. No. Indiana ·r~L W. Hutchinson 12:?.:! Vv'a:-.htenaw Ave. Ann Arbor, Mich.
A.D.M. So. Indiana D. ,T. Angus Rm. fill, Y. M. C. A. Indianapolis
A.D.M. K<'ntucky J. C. Anderson Gleng.arry Farm Lexington
DAKOTA DIVISION
Ma.nai;?"er D. C~ \Va11ace ;;4 P{)nn. Ave. N. MinneRpolis
A.D.M. Minnesota M. n. Goldber~ 711 Dayton Ave. St. Paul
A.D.M. So. Dakota Orville Wheelon 800 Fl. Capital Ave. Pierre
A.D.M. No. Pakota Bert Wick 1025-Srd St. Devils Lake
DELTA DIVISION
'M.anage.r W. W. Rodgers 1.lQfl Union Ave. Mernphds, rrenn.
A.D.M. Louisiana V, L. H.1)r-fH) Box 41 fi P.taQuemine
A.D.M. :Missis$ippi W. L. Keunon Umversity P.-.st Oi!ice Mississippi
A.D.M. Tennesse<'• \1/. C. Hutcheson Wind Rock
A.U.M. Arkansas Pr. L. M. Hunter 207 % Main St. Little Rock
EAST C'.ULF DIVISION
Manager H. L. Reid 7G 1'1. 12th St .. Apt. 6 Atlanta. Ga.
A.D.M. So. Carolina A. DuPre 2.ffl) Wotford Campus Spartanburg
A.D.M. Alabama V. C. Meillvaini; 1On W. 3rd St. Shetlleld
A.D.M. F'lorida C. P. Claok c/o Western Union Tel. Co. Jackson ville
A.D.M. Georvia T. M. KPith 601 Highland Av~. Atlanta
A.D.M. Porto Rico Luis Rexaeh Box :H9 San Juan
A.D.M. Cuba R.H. Tormo Av<'nleda de Italia No. 29 Havana
MIDWEST DIVISION
Manager P. H. Quinby Box 134-A. Rt. fl Omaha, Nebr.
A.D.M.Iowa L1. K Watts ll6 Highland Ave. Ames
A.D.M. Missouri I.. B. Laizure 8020 Mercier St. Kansas City
A.D.M. Kansas Clifford Peters Tonganoxie
NEW ENGLAND DIVISION
Manap:er l. Vermilya Mattapoisett,
A.D.M. Rhode Jsland D. H. J<'ancher 86 Franklin St. West ..rly
A.D.M. N<>w Hampshire fl. H. Stevens tl8 Brook St. Manchester
A.D.M. V<'rmont W. W. Hall :1~15 Union St. Burlington
A.D.M. Maine L. Hilton ~O Wood St. Lewiston
A.D.M. West. Mass. A. S. McLean &85 Armory St. Springfield
A.D.M. East. Mass. R. H. Cha,se :{9 Chest .. r Ave. Winthrop
A.D.M. Connecticut D. 0. 8. Comstock 1.622 Main St. E. Hartforrl
NORTHWESTERN DIVISION
Manager (JJPnn ~- Wet-st P1.)lytechnie, Mont
A.D.M. Montana H. l'J. Cutting Box 517 Bozeman
A.D.M. Wa•hington 1<:v<>ri,tt Kick :JX02 Hoyt Av~. Everett
A.D.M. Idaho La Verne Martin 42a-J 4th Ave. S. Nampa
A.D.M. Oregon P. R. Hoppe 1633 Wiliiamette St. Eugene
A.D.M. Alaska Hf>o. Rtur1ev c:06 E. 17th St. Vancouver. Wash.
PACIFIC DIVISION
Manager M. B:. McCreery, 628 W. 49th St. Los Angeles
A.D.M. Arizona 11. L. (footling Hox 175 Douglas
A.D.M. Nevada n . .M. Lewis 211 West St. Reno
A.D.M. So. Calif. S. P. Wainwright l 926 Velt.a St. Los Angeles
A.D.M. Central Calif. H. R. Cole l 6 Ellenwooo.l Ave. Los ({atos
A.D.M. No. CRlif. t'~. C. Gart·ette Ooluso
A.D.M. Hawaii K. A. Cantin 1 !\~!3 PNoki St. Honolulu, 'r. H.
ROANOKE DIVISION
Managt>r W. T. Gravely ~;;4 Main St. Danville, Va.
A.D.M. West.. Ya. ,I, L. Bock Main St. F.i-:ermington
A.D.M. Virginia ,l. ];'. Wohlford 118 Cambridge Ave. Roanoke
A ..D~M .. No. Vi.rg-ini~ T, :M. Sirnpsun pp,-,pie-~ Nat'l Bank R!dg. Winston-Salem
ROCKY MOUNTAIN DIVISION
Manager N. R. Hood l 0i:! S. Ash St. CaspPr, Wyo.
A.D.M. Utah H. <\, \Vilson e /o 0PSP-teL News Salt 1,ak" City
A.D.M. Colorado P. M. Seµ:al 604 Interstate Trust Bldg. Denver
A.D.M. Wyoming P. N. Mitchell Box 575 Greybull
WEST GULF DIVISION
Managei' F. M. Corlett 251" Catherine St. Dallas, •rexas
A.D.M. New Mexico r,oufo F'alconi Box 421 Roswell
A.D.M. Oklahoma C. E. WhartenbY 211 News Bldg. F;nid
A.D.M. So. Texas K A. Sahm Hnx fi69 NPw Braunfel•
A.D.M. No. Texas W. B. F'orrest, ,lr. ii02 ftoya! St. 'Waxahachie
MARITIME DIVISION
ManaMt:'l' \V. C. Borr<>tt 14 Sinclair St. Dartmouth, N. S.
A.!J.M. P. E. I. W. Hvndman Charlottetown
A.D.M. New Krunawick T. R. Lacey c/o N. B. Power Co. St. ;1ohn
ONTARIO DIVISION
Manager C. H. Langford ;:.58 Cheapside St. London~ Ont.
A.D.M. Central Ont. Wm. Ohoo.t ~11 Roberts St. Toronto
QUEBEC DIVISION
Manager ,J. Y. Argy le 4 9 3 Decarie Blvd. Montreal
WINNIPEG DIVISION
Manager ;r, El. BI'ickett 260 Athabaska St., El. Mom;e .Jaw. Sask.
A.D.M. Saskat<!hewan E. L. Maynard Box :;39 Morse
A.D.M. Manitoba ·1,;, Nicholson 897 Burnell St. Winnipeg
VANCOUVER DIVISION
Manager A. ;r. Ober Cor. Main & Minerva Sts. Vulcan, Alberta
 TRADF.: MARK

"A slight J,•'(!iation lead., io

T HE first: tu.ning dials were un.gai.n.-
l y in appearance and crude in
perfornrnnce. Some years ago this
-Confucius company perfected the Tapered Grip
In tuning in the di~tant sta• Dial. rnoulded from lustrous black
tions there must be unjailing bnkelite, that has since become stand-
J.•recisfon. The Cirebe Tu-
fhffed (,rip Dial giw~ !hat ard equipment on all Grebe Receivers •.
t>-rt~cision~
This and other details of Grebe
craftsmanship are fully protected by
patents granted and pending.
Ask your Dealer or write us

A .• .H • G'REBE
.. · &·r c· ""'
. '(,,..,., !NC.
·1r

c;,-ette Rf.'gf.'nl;'rativt:'
Van Wvck Blvd. • Richmond Hill, N. Y.
Rt.~(!eive~ ar-e hct-HM:·.d \\'ts/,;n, Branch: 451 E. 3rd St., Lo• Angeles, Calif,
u nJer A rm ~trong U, S:.
P';n. ;,~.._,, I.! l '.Ll-49 1

ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

The Official Oi-t(an of the Altltl,
VOLUME VII JULY, 1924 No. 12

Editorials
{,.~ST's E:mployment Service
Notice to Our Newsstand Readers
A South American Does lt !
The "Arctic" Sails
BZT and 6CGS Work WNP
Building Superheterodynes That Work-Part II Edited by S. Kruse
Pan-American Tests Succeed
('.oncerning 'franscons
My Key Thump sxv
Oscillating Crystals H. S. Slw.w
Experimenters Section Report
General Attention!
Ham Conventions
NKF-lXAM Schedules
The Royal Order of Transatlantic Braf\Rµoun<lers
"PRR" A. L. H11dlo11,q
,':\top;oii,g 'fhe Key 'I'hump JamcH H. Turnbu/.1
'rhe Lang·uage of International Radio Henry W. Hetz,:/
The Receiving Experimenter
Bf'fore and After
The •!-Coil MeissnE'r T, ansmitter at 7 ADQ-7NT
Amateur Radio Stations-lB1Jl-1XAH
International Amateur Ra<lio
/\-~ Handy Calibrated Oscillator .\'. J. Buckeye
°'Strays"
:Bonk Review

Q ST i~ published monthly by The American Rad"o Relay L<'ague. !nc, at Hartford,

Conn. K,:nneth B. \Varner 1Secretary. A.R.R.L.), Editor imd Busine~s Manager
S. Krm1;,P. Technical Editor; H. F. f\11.ason, Oepartm:nt Editor
F. C. Beekl.ey, Assistant Editor
Edwin C. Adams, Advertising Manager.
David H. Houghton, Circulation Mana_ge-r
:311bscription rate in United States and Possessions, Canada. and all cnuntri~s. '_l •he
AmPrican Po?Stal Union. $2.00 per year, postpaid. Single copies, 20 Cf" .. _
ForeiRn coun~des not in American Po5tal Union~ $2..50 p!:.'r year, po-,tpaid.
Remittances shol1Id be by international po-;tal or ex.press iru>ney order
or bank draft negotiable ,n !hr U. S. and for an equivalent amount
in U. S. tunds.
Entered as secondRclass matter May 29. 1919, at the post office at Hartford.
Connecticut, under the act of March 3. 1879~ Acceptance for maiiin.g at
special rate of postage provi(i~rl for in section 1103, .Act of October
:~, 1917, authorized September 8, 1922.
Copyrighted, 1924. by the i\merican Radio Relay League, Jnc.~
Tit!e registered at United States Patent Office,

THE AMERICAN RADIO RELAY LEAGUE, In".

HARTFORD, CONN.
 H THE CHOICE OF RADIO EXPERTS"

Hot Wire An1meters

Type 127A
For use in measuring radiation currents,
i,t.,orage battery eharging rates; plate and other
cui.:rents the type 127 Ammeters are particularly
rehable.
They are equally accurate in n.easuring
direct and alternating currents at any frequency.
Expanding strip is of platinum to prevent
oxidization, and is so proportioned as to work at
low temperatures.
Furnished in three models as follows:
Type 127 A Flush mounting $7.75
Type 127 B Front of board
mounting 7. 75
!Type 127 C Portable, in bake-
"'·· , lite ease 9.00
~\:\\-:•:·•.\.... GENERAL RADIO COMPANY
; Manufacturers of
\.··... \ Electrical and Radio Laboratory Apparatus
· l\.. Cambridge Mass.
t --
t:~......,...... :--......_____

For complete description t:Jrite for Bulletin 917Q.

fRAL

6 ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

 EDITORIALS
de AMERICAN RADIO RELAY LEAGUE

Bill is the i,hort bill which in ponderous

The Visit of G2NM phraseology reaffirms that the et.her is the
HE visit to ,.'unerica during the middle inaiienabie possession of the nation and its
T May of Mr. Gerald M. Marcuse, British
2NM, was one of those very pleasant
uccasions which .clmateur P.,adio has made
people, etc. When it passed the Senate it
went to the House and was referred to the
MM&F Committee. This Committee on
possible and one which our growing May 13th repoi·ted out the bill, with an
.international relations promise to make 11 amendment, and recommended its passage .
more frequent occurrence. "Two En Em- The amendment takes the form of striking
mer," one uf England's most prominent out the entire text of the original Howell
DXperts, is the first British ham to visit us. Bill and substituting therefor what is vir-
He is the honorary ;;eeretary of the Trans- tuaHy an amended White Bill. Thus the
mitters Section of the R.S.G.B., and British White Hill in the House now becomes S.2930
delegate to the I.A.R. U. instead of H.R.3753, altho the latter is still
Landing at Montreal, he made his way vending and may itself he reported out.
first to tfie Maritime Division, where many Un .the _same date, May 13th, Congressman
of our best transatlantic stations are loca- Wh~te i_ntroduced a resolution, H.Res.311,
ted. There Major Bill Borrett and his gang rnllmg for the eal'lv consideration of S 29::!0
made him a member of the Rotab's with but it did not ge,t,' past the Committ~e or{
fitting ceremony. The next week he visited Rules and now Congress ha~ adjourned
A.R.R.L. Headquarters in Hartford to- until December without acting 'in the
gether with Major Borrett, and a 'wry matter... None of the bills dies, however;
happy little dinner was given in their honoi· thi;y will_ have attention when the Congress
by the local erew. It is not only pleasant reforms m the fall.
hut positively inspiring thus to· meet ,Jur The am~nded S.2930 provides for an
friends of the air. It provides a concrete appeal agamst unfavorable derif,ions of the
f'Xample of the marvelous progress wm·ld- f?epartment of Commeree in the issuing of
wide amatenr radio is making. h~enses, and the V::ide diseretionary powers
. We had planned the annual outing of our of the former draft have been limited in a
Staff to eoincide ,vith the visit of om· dis- manner which _al?peals to us, at this writing,
tinguished ;ruests, and NM and the I\fa.ior as l,.emg satisfactory. 'l'he amateur is
were /-.o teach us how to play cricket (how's '!wf!twnerl frequently thru the bill, estab-
that for an internat;mial touch, you base- lishmg the fact that the bill contemplates
ball fans!) but rain QRMd the prow:ram and that.., t.here shall be amateurs, and our
Mr. Marcuse was obliged to depart nn his spee1fic l'(•quests have been met in several
~ying tri~ across Canada to the P·acific, vifdt- other places in the <lraft.
n1g- pronrn<>nt C".nadian amateur ;,tation,i . There Is no chance for ad.ion now
enroute. By the time thiR ·i,isue appe'3.rs he n_ntil fall. W,e will have more to ;;ay about
should he safely back in England recount- the matter m our eolumns a;, that time
ing hfa t>Xperi('11Cf's in the land of ~ix-shoot.- :1pproaehcs.
Prf' and fearful QRM.
Incidentally, \Vr> had r,nr cricket i,:ame- Our "'Inkslingers"
eIDD w1mt to Pllr picnic and taught us how.
Note to Briti,ih hams: Ask Emmer about l)~ more .than, a year a s_elect. g:roup
that report ,,f his sig::; from PL. Hi!
The White Bill
F ••:i. the League·s membership has been
carrying on wm.-k of vital concern to
all transmitting amateurs. '.l'hev were
given a ,;pecial mission to perfo1'.m and
HE White Bill has been ~,mended in
T ficeordan<;e with. t.estimon_y given at:
the lwarmgs before t.he House I ~om-
mittee un the Merchant Marine & FiSh-
no_v, that it is in a fair way of being aecom~
phshed, we feel it is time to crow :~bout
them. We refer to t.hMP already known to
n,1an:y '.'.f us as the Inkslingers, the A.R.R.L.
eries, and in our opinion it is now a l: nbhc1ty Department. From a handful of
much more nearly aceeptable document than amateurs at the ~tart the membership has
any previously-proposed radio hill. now_ Jfr~'Yll to ff pJ?roximately :;oo. There
The amending- has not taken form of a are, D1yunon, Pub1Ic1ty Managers, Assistants
reconstructed H.R. 7357 but eame about ,!IH, C1ty Corre:ipondents. These fl'llows
thru a rather complicated manc:enver based Yah:ed the ~a!lle so much that thr,y un-
on the fJ:1s;;age of the .Howell Bill, S.2!130, selfishly contributed a part r,f their t.ime
by the senate nn April 8th. The Howell to a work which they kn()w was important
8 (-1 ST ;July. 1924

lf the amateur body as \\ hole was to be un- Canadian g,rvernment has cquippecl ,,.,,
i)e1 stood and its merits recognized. :,;t:.eamer A.rd ie with a .1.20-meter set and is
Every one of ,::ou recall the abuse which sending it up into the long .A.retie daylight
the amateurs were receiving a few months this summer to ;;ee if the short waves will
baek, not from sources that were intention- ,wive the problem of eonnnunication in 1,
ally malicious, but from those ignorant of land where the :,;un does not s.,.t for months
the amateur's potential value to his country -they want us h• help. General Ferrie
and in the development of the radio science. arranged with Mr. Maxim, when the latter
The difficulty of controlling this situation was in France recently, for a series ,:,f
,mtirely from Headquarters quickly berame c:1hort-wave transmissions from the Eiffel
apparent, :for a,; :,;oon as trouble was Tower, FL--the French government wants
settled in one :,eetion of the country it was us to listen to their transmissions and re-
stirred up anew in another. At times a port. They are most i.nteresting, running
wave of it would spread through an entire all the way down. to ;~5 meters, ~,ud with
state. Direct personal contact ,,,Tith news- lots of punch behind the signals. And now
imper editors was needed to prove to '.I. eomes word from Italian ''.A.CD" t.hat he
majority that a ('(llllparatively small min- has been commissioned by t.he navy o.i'. his
ority of radio men were in the right, and country _to take ('harge of ,.:-xperimental
to this cause the Inksiingers pledged and shnrt-wave radio 011 an early cruise of. sev-
have given their support. ,,,.al fast Hhips going on a friendly mission
We see in their work another startling t,, South America----and he a::;ks the ama-
demonstration of that intangible thing teurs uf both Americas to participate.
which we c-all amateur spirit. We challenge We'll be glad to help iu all of these tests,
you to find it in any other organization of ,rnre thing, for not only ,vi.l! it he good
the kind. Those of us who have seen this ,;pnrt, but who is more interested in iearn-
,:eally threatening condition come and pass ing about these short waves than we of the
down into history owe them a debt .:,f .A.R.R.L.'/ Unfortunately, except in the ca,<e
i,:ratitude. w·hne the erisis is over. they of WDM I :;ee page 12°! it has been impos-
still have an important job before them. sible to get srhedules J'or any of thP:se trans--
ThPy have ;;el ,.,ut to mRke the name of the mission;; a t-rang·ed sutiieiently in advance to
A.R.R.L. lmo'i>'Tl in ev;,ry eity and toW11 in publish them in QST. 'I'hey come into Head-
the United States and Canada. There may quarters just a .-hort while i.n advance ,1.nd
be ,;ome way in which you can help. the tests are nver before the magazine ean
Some time ago the question was asked : be printed. There is a \Yay around that
"Who Will Save the Amateur?" The ama- difficulty, however: we ('an mail the infor-
teur needed no nne; he went out :..,n<l did 1,rntion to intereste<l meinber:s and it will
the job himself. .And our Inks!ingers did ,, 1-;o he in,:•orporatf'd in the A.,H.R.L. brnad-
a big part of the job. ca,-ts, Every amateur who has a short-
wave tuner and who is interested in the
many import,mt tests scheduled for this
Short Wave Tests summer and fall Ehould drop a line to the
Traffic Manager and ask to be put on the

T H;ER:E has. b':'_·en a remarkable increase

m mterest m the ><horter wave,;, all
r,ver the civilized world, since last fall
when amateurs first started working trans-
mailing list :f.or all short-wave s1·hed1.1le;:,.
\Ve'll see that you g:et the dope.

ocean by means of their use. Com- The New Quiet Hours

mercial eompanies, i•xperimenters, g:overu-
ments, have E-xperienced a new and intense S foreca,;t in ,,ur last issue, th.e ex-
lnten•st in the higher frequencies ::;ince the
1XAM-1M0-8AB gToup first demonstrated
their possibilities in amateur work, !t is
A tenesion of quiet hours came, the
· .Bureau ,,f Navigation spedfyin!!.' a
silent period from 7 P.M. to J.0::30 P.M.
11ot ..surprising that the::;e governments standard time for the daylight-saving
;c.hould invite us to eoi.iperate in their in- period ending October 1st. On ,June 7th,
·vestig'ations. for the American amateur is at the reeomme.ndation of the Super.visors
always c,agei' to help and hungry for more of the Sixth and Seventh Districts and
>:·xperif>nre8. We ean feel hi.ghly cornpli- uf the A.R.R.L .. the quiet. hom·R i.n these
mented, howevli'r, that our A.R.R.L. has two districts were ,·estored to the ,1/'igi-
heen tequested hy the governments of th,;, nat tiisur,.;;, as the Sixth and ::S<:venth
United States, Canada, Franre and Italy to oeeupy :,n entire time 7..-,1w in which dav-
partfripate in short-wave test,;. ' .lig-ht-~,wini,: i:ime is practicallv unkno~n
All of these tests are ;:xperimental ,n:1d where \"irtnaily n(; embarra'.ssment <:·an
in nature, designed to increase t.ht> ;-,:,me from follo,vim,: the r,lrl hnnrs. The
,vorld's knowledge <>f the behavior n.nrl ,·est of 1.!S, how.-,ver. are asked to oh;;erve the
p,issibilitfos of the ,;h,n·ter •Naves, The <. xtra hnur .-,f :eilence.
0

U.S. Navy is put.tins;: a IOO-meter set This i;, eiection ;:;:,ar and mueh of the
on the ,ShPnn.ndonh · : n,d their station
0
campaig·ning- will he done by radio. Eiab-
NKF at Bellevue. D.C., is ,uTanging nrai:e arrangements are being- made tn link
short-wave i:xperirnental schedules for two- up dozens of broadcasting stations in chain~
way working- with many amateurs. '.rhe for ,dmultaneou;, hroadrni'ting, not only f,f
July, 192,1 QST 9

the convention deliberations but uf the cam- 1·epres<'ntative,; of eaeh of these countries,
paign speeches, and public interest in the to 1'-t.udy in what manner such an organiza-
matter is running high. \Vithout the ex- tion 111ight he f"et up, and meeting on the
tension in the quiet hours the e,:,nfiict in Hth oi' March it organized, electing Mr,
time,- would give the public a smaller pro- Maxim its president and Dr. Corret, f8AE,
tected peri,"'<l than contemplated, at a time its secretary, and adopting for its name-
when they w:mt it. badly. arid amateur ·'I-'rovisional Committee for the organiza-
radio mhzht get a black eye. It is Just as tion 1.•f :H1 international union of radio
well, then, that we try it this summer. amateurs.''
It .is ,·e1,:rettable that (;here is such a The c,pinion of the Committee, after study
lack uf 1.rniformity in the time plan used of a project submitted by the A.R.R.L., was
thruout our country in summer, but the that the definite (•stablishment of an in-
government obviously ,•an not make ex- ternational body of radio amateurs should
ceptionf'l in favor of eal'h small area based be proposed for discussion l,y an inter-
on its own particular brand of time, and national congress, to be convened in Paris
the League in endorsing the general prin- during the f~ast1ir holidays of 1925. The
ciple of ,,xtending the quiet period for an Committee is now at. work on plans for the
hour during this summer has been actuated Paris gathering.
by the policy of g-reatest g:oo<l to the great- On to Paris, fellows! We want to take
est number of amateurs. over H big gang of North American hams
next spring. Who's going'? 't Altho of
eourse only the duly accredited representa-
The I.A.R.U. Congress, 1925 tives of national amateur societies will have
voting power in the deliberations of the
HEN President Maxim met with rep- Cong-ress, there will be many amateurs-at-
W resentative amateurs from France,
England, Belgium. Spain, Luxem-
hourg, Italy and Switzerland in Paris
!ar.ise there am! the affair will take on
many of the aspects of an international
hrnsspounders eonvention, the very first in
in March and proposed that there he the world. Meeting .from all over the
an international organization of radio ama- world, won't we have a time! Save your
teurs, everyone present agreed on its de- money and watch for further announce-
sirability. .A committee was formed of the ments.

ployers we will endeavor to bring the two

together. ·
QST's Employment Service Our facilities will not. permit the ac-
knowledgment of such applications nor will
we he -able to engage in correspondence
REQUENTLY we have inquiries from affecting them, except in the actual work
F members asking if we know where they
,,an get a position in rndio work in
some form or another. and every su often
of acquainting employers and applicants
with the propositions of the other. All cor-
respondence should be addressed to QST
some manufacturer w1·ites us to inquire if Employment Bureau, care ()f American
we ,::an put him in touch with a qualified Radio Relay L••ague, 1045 Main Str1:-et,
amateur who would 1:-e internstf'd in joining Hartford, Conn.
his staff to do certain radio work. Aithough
we have done out hest with these eases t:is
they arise, it has ,u:curred to u;:: that then,
is an t•pportunity for A,R.R.L. i.rnd ()ST Notice to Our Newsstand Readers
to he of further service to \>Ur membership
by a modest (•xpansion 1.d these fadiities. A;; announced in recent issues. 'rhe Traffic
Firms having openings for amateurs in Department [{eport and the "Calls Heard"
radio work, particularly manufacturers, Department have been eliminated from the
ar<." invited to make their <le,dres known to newsstand edition of (-JST because uur non-
us, g·iving in ,as much detail as possible the member readers in general are not particu-
necessary qualifications of the man or men iariy interested in them. This results in
wanted, the prohable salary, ('tc. Members a saving in t'Xpense which makes possible
uf the A.. R.R.L. who desire positions in radfo the publication of a lf'rger and better ()l::!T.
'Nork shouid write us a letter viving full These two departments are included in
particuiars, "tating age, g-eneral education, the i..dition t>Upplied to members of the A.R.
business "'xperienc(•, tPchnical education, R.L. If you are interested in them, it i;;:
t .. e:hnica! or n1dio .:•xperience, nature of J•l'uof positive that you ought tn he a mem-
position ;sought, availibility, salary desired, her of the League. May we not direct you
etc. We ,di! keep th~se applications on file to the handy application blank appearing
and when reyuests are received from em- on page 8::l of this issue?
 ti fill:' Zllllf:' HI \-VOJPn rJR.V-

10 QS T July, 1924-

A South American Does It!

Argentine C88 Capture• World's DX Record by Working New Zealand
2AC; Al•o Works Three U.S. Hams.

N OTHER world's record went to The previous two-way DX record was be-

A smash on May 22d when, without

w·earranged :sc~edule, ;:\.ri;entine
CB8 and New Ze.aland :..AC held
two-way communication for over
tween GCEU, Hawaii, and WNP, Refuge
Harbor, Greenland, :HiOO miles.
To CBS also g·oe;, the distinction of being
the first South American amateur to work
two hours? This is t.he first time the
signals of a South American amateur have North America, that ::;tation having worked
been heard across the Pacific, and it also :rsw.r in Collingswood, N.J., Oil May aoth
gives 2AC the distinction of being the first nml having exchanged signals with lXW
New Zealand amateur to ·work two-way on .May c!lst and with lXC-lER on June
with either of the Americans. 2d. ;;BWJ says that .for about ten minutes
Carlos· Braggio. operating station CBS -i'nJlowing '1 A.M. on .May :10th he heard
(former call ":J66"} at Bernal, near Buenos rCB8 ealling CQ, and so he tuned his
.Aires, had spent mo;;t of the night of May t r-a:1smitter t,1 the same wave and called
22d transmitting in the P1tn-Ameri.can Tests, him until 4:15. CBS came right hark with

The Star of the Pan-Americans, Argentine CBS

then in progress. About four in the morn- "GM GREETINGS .AND CONGRATULATIONS QRZ
ing he was amazed, upon :switching over to QRK ?". :JBW.J gave him some Spanish:
the receiver, to hear 2AC, operated by ;;, "SALUDO AMIGO DE AMERICA D~;L SUD QRK";
H. O'Meara at Gladstone Road, Gisborne, but nothing further wag heard a1, it was
New Zealand, calling him. The ensuing then about ,J,:HO at :JBWJ and getting
conversation lasted until well after six towards daylight. aBWJ used two UV-~102's
o'elock, when Braggio told O'Meara he had with an input of hut 70 watts, with 1.8
been up all night and wanted to go to to arnperes in a ~mall antenna only :h> feet
bed. Later the same day a congratulatory high, wave l:~O m.
cablegram, confirming the eonversation, was CB8 is a star station, having been re-
ceive<l by Mr. Braggio from the New ported up to this writing by eleven U.S.
Zealan<l amateur. The distance between amateurs, one Canadian, and four British.
Buenos Aires and Gisborne is ahout fj400 A message to Reinartz, lXAM, conveying
miles, part of it over thp Andes mountains. greetings from Argentine amateurs to their
July, 1924 QST 11

northern brothers was copied 80:id at g·~OD wave very ,,teady, g;ood fist. CB8 uses a
and reported to us. Carlos Braggio and his straight regenerative receiver with one
son, ,Juan Carlos, A.R.R.L. members, are stage of :rndio.
two of the foremost amateurs in the Argen- M.r. ,J. H. O'Meara is a New Zealand ex-
tine Republic. •rheir station has been heard perimenter who, like his many friends, has
throut the southern part of South America heard manv U.S. amateurs. His transmitter
and stations in Chile have been worked. is one of the best in New Zealand and most
They were among the iirst, if not the first, of the apparatus is home-made. 'rhe trans-
to hear U.S. broadcasting in Argentine. mitter uses one 50-watt Cunningham tube
Most of their work was done on phone until in a reversed-feedback circuit with series
recently, when the news of the ~l'rans- feed, supplied by a 1000-volt 300-watt Esco

<!BWJ, Collingswood, N. J~ First North American To Work South America

atlantic amateur work inspired them t.o generator. The antenna, total length 75
put in a good C. W. set and try their luck fe .. t. consist of two parallel eages, eaeh 5
in the Pan-American •rests. There are inches diameter and of 5 wires, in which 4.5
several se:ts at C:B8 but the nne probably amperes i,-; obtained at 190 meters. The
used in the n,cent work is a set having December issue of N.Z. Wi:reless News says
four Telefunken RS5 tube,; in parallel, sup- his rcee. vet· consists of two :,;tages of :r.f.
plied with plate current at 1000 volts and amplification, detector, and three stages of
a.f. We strongly suspect. however, that
he was using a haywire ''low-loss" tuner
and one tube when he worked CB8, for it
,;eems records are nearly always made on
mm-tube sets.
Truly, U.S. amateurs must look to their
laurels if they expect to be leaders in long
distance work un amateur wavelengths.
While we have been waiting for New
Zealand ,;ie-nals to come our way for over
a year :,(~. we- (;oul<l communicate across
the P:wific, the feat has actually been ac-
complished hy Mr. Brag-gio and Mr.
O'Mea.ra. More power tn them!
But how ahont getting that .DX reeorrl
ha<·k in this t·1,untry '?
·-H.F.M.
(.arlos Braggio and his son Juan Carlost operators
at rCBB

putting 1. 1-nupere,.; into the nutenna. The At last WP have the complete 1·outing on
successfu.l wave length is 121 meters, and President Coolidge's holiday-greetings mes-
the U.S. stations hearing it report the note ~H)!;e to MacMillan: J.OA, 8APT, HCP,
as D.C. with a :.!5 to 4(1-cycle ripple on it, !iAfM. UZT, l·5GO, d!BP, WNP.
12 (c} ST July, 192,i

The ''Arctic" Sails

Canadian Government Arctic Expedition Carries Powerful
Short-Wave Transmitter For Work With Hams
Listen For VDM On 120 Meters
Bv C. P. Edwards*

T
HE C,1nadian Government Steamer pared to ca1Ty on tsome gof,d w0rk •sith the
"Arctic,'' under the Northwest Teri- amat.Pur .,.tations.
tories __ Brni_ich of !he Departmer~t of :;;:team will not be available in the ".Arctic''
the Inter10r, will proceed trom until a couµle ,:,1 wed;s before ~.lw i'aiis,
Quebec alrnut the first uf July on her and :.to. tests <·am,,.,t be 1'1.tn on the r:quip-
·;,;nnual trip to Baffin Bay and the C:a.nadian ment until t.he main dynamos are running-
Arctic hlands. Mr. ,.I. D. Craig, iVl.E.I.C .. it i,; r\ifficuit to say, at the moment, •shat
will a_g!<in be the OftiCP;' 'in C~aqi;e
.:•xped1t10n, and the .Master of -che Ye,-;-;e!
.-,f the v·ill be her rno~t ;"ificient wavelength f,Jr
the short-wave work. H has therefo"i:e been
will be Capt. Bernier, the famous Canadian decided to adjust the> transwitter to i :W
Arctic ,.,xplorer. rnetPrs for the time being-, with the provis<o
This year the "Arctic" in addition to her that if experie1we demonstrates that ,,,,rne
two regular o t, her wave-
r a d i o - equip- length is more
ments, consist- desirable, a r -
ing of ;; stand- 1· a ngements
a nl GOO-metc·r will be made
2-k.w. spark t,o thange the
(~quipment and same duly no-
a long-wave tifying all am-
e o 11 tin uon s ateurs through
wave transmit- their radio
ter working on puhlicdions.
2 l O O meters, lt mav come
with which as a surprise
communication t:o the many
i. s maintained ainateurs in -
with the long- terested in the
wave ship sta- "Bowdoin" to
tion at Louis- know that the
burg, N.S .• will The C.G.S. "ARCTIC", sailing in July for the Far North Canadian Gov-
t:arry a short- with a powerful short-wave I.C.W. set operated by Choat ernmentstenm-
of .c3CO. The Canadian Government requests- the 1;.0-opera-
wave LC.W. tion of American amateurs in the endeavor to get thru the er '' A. r c. tic''
outfit w h i c h Arctic daylight on short waves. proceeds as
w i 11 transmit far north as
on wavelengths between lOO and 150 Etah eve1·y :,:-ear, and last year 011 her
meters. arrival in this harbor found the "Bowdoin"
The installation of this short-wave e4uip- there. 'fhe cut which we produce is a
ment is for the purpose of carrying on photograph of the ''Bowdoin" taken from
tests with Canadian and U.S. amateurs, the "Arctic," last fall, the "Bowdoin" then
with a view to ascertaining how short wave being a few miles from the position in
signals come through from the far north, which she was finally frozen in for the
during the all-daylight period in those winter. If she is still there this summer.
latitudes. The coi:iperation of all amateur Bill will ha..ve the pleasure of shaking hands
transmitters in North America in assisting with Mix and telling him how his trans-
in these tests is accordingly 1·equested by missions have been coming through all
the Radio Branch of the Department of winter. ·
Marine., whlch looks after the radio equip- The "Arctic'' is a ship of 762 tons gross
ment in the "Arctic" for the Department of and has three masts 80 ft. high. She is
Interior. built of wood, and she earries sails in
A par-boiled dyed-in-the-wo(J.l. "ham," addition to her engini:-s, i>he i,: not regarded
Bill Choat. late :~co, Toronto. has been :1;; an ideal :;hip for radio work, lt being
:1ppointed ,:,perator :for the voyage and i:,; impossible to im,ulate. the heavy guys which
now engaged in familiarizing himself wi.th hold the nH1"ts and the ios;;es in t.hem are
his equipmpnt :rnd getting everything- pre- considerab!f', Nevertheless, by installing-
*l>irPf'tor. Radio Br;:f.n('h, Tleoartment ,:if' Marine a:, much power ns i;s praeticahle it is hpoed
;:•.I1rl J<'isheries. C-ttnadi:.rn Gov;rnment, Ottawa. to offset this< t,) n certain .:·xttmt. Her
.July, 1921 QST 13

ground connection consists of about 200 sq. short period of the day finds WNP in com-
ft. of copper plate secured to the side of plete daylight and this adds to the difficulty
the ship and one of the vicissitudes of an in working him, yet the short waves may
''Arctic" uperator is the fact that the first be part of the solution.
of the many ice flows she encounters may Another possibility of contact is through
strip off al.l the sheathing, leaving the un- the Canadian ~~OV€Tnment vessel ,-lrctic,
fortunate "op" ·with only the er1gine pro-
peller for a ground and incidentally in-
c·reasing the resistance of the antenna ab"ut
five hundred per cent.
'.rhe short wave watche~ which Rill ,vill
maintain are as follows:

C.G.S. "Arctic"-Call VDM

Wavelength 120 meters
Schedule in Eastern Standard Time:
Daily except Wednesdays and Saturdays:
11 P.M. to midnight. No transmissions on
Wednesdays. Saturdays oniy: 11 P.M. to
3 A.M. Add one hour to these figures to
give "daylight saving'' time.

AH Canadian licensed amateur stations

are specially authorized by the Radio
Branch of the Department of Marine to use
the wavelength 1::lO meters during the above
hours, for the purpose of communicating
with VDM. '.rhis wavelength, however,
must not be used for any other communica-
tion.
'rhe test transmitter will comprise 2
Admiralty T4A or 2 Marconi MT6 tubes,
operating on 10,000 volts on the plate with The "l:IOWDOIN" (WNP), Dr. MacMillan's
vessel, in harbor al Etah, Greenland, photographed
an input vating of approximately 2 k.w. from the ""Arctic" when the two vessels met there
In order to make the transmis::;iun dis- during the summer of 1923. « Photo courtesy Can-
tinctive, no filter system will be used •md aciian l)('pt. of Marine & Fi~heries ·1.
the mellow il$0-cycle note will enable ama-
teurs to place VDM immediately they hear
his note, even if they do not get his tall. which expedition is reported in an(J>ther
Further details will be announced soon. part of this magazine.
The following additional reports have
been l'eceived at A.R.R.L. Headquarters of
stations hearng WNP: May 1st, 7GR; ::Id,
HAVO; 4th, 8ATR; 11th, 2EB--BeeP of
ex-lHX; 15th, HDAE; 17th, 6CAL; 21st.
9ZT and 6CGS Work WNP 9CSA; 24th, IJLV; :31st, lTT. HEB re-
ports WNP on April 15th.
-F'.H.S.
UR contact with WNP has not im-
O proved since our last report, in spite
of the fact that 9ZT worked WNP
on May ~lth for a few minutes. No mes-
sages were sent or received. 6CGS also
worked WNP for a few minutes on May
28th. Both stations report WNP QRZ and
QSS bitdly. We have tried repeatedly to
get t>nough dope up to Mix to have him
(:ome down to about 100 meters, but appar-
ently he knows nothing about short-wave
work. The A.R.R.L. wishes to emphasize
this point very strongly-----If by any ,:hance
you hook up with WNP, make a concerted
effort to get wo·rd to him to get down on 100
meters both with his transmitter and re-
eeiver. We feel eonfident that we tan
maintain for better eommunication with
him on the short waves. "YA COME IN LIKE. A TON QF BRICKS, OM."
Every indication is that all hut a very
14 QST ,July, 1924

Building Superheterodynes 1That Work

Part II
Edited by S. Kruse*

T
HE first article of this series ap- tunately also the popularization of the super
peared in the June issue of (}~T. has taken place at the very time when
It explained the idea on which the "radio junk" is passing out so that most
superheterodyne is built and de- of the kits are good and are getting better.
scribed a neutrodyne-superhetero- ,Just one suggestion--don't expect the
dyne. ln this installment a considerable superheterodyne you build from a kit of
number of sets a re described, some for purchased parts to work perfectly unless
general use, having air-core transformers, you follow the directions absolutely. A.fter
some esµecially intended for amateur work. the ~,et has once begun to work there is
'rhe third arti.de will deal with iron-core plenty of time to add original !dnks---don't

The V<~t·y Satisfactory Superheterod.yne at URY, Described In This Article

tram;fonners, with "trouble shooting" and .let your ,,riginality get loose too early in
with especally compact "supers". the game.
Superheterodyne Parts and "Kits" When it eomes to such things as conden-
Our readers have beg1m to insist that we sers, rheostats, resistances, potentiometers,
must name for them the good superhetero- one only has to depend on the kinds that
dyne parts and "kits". To do this would have proven good in other sets. Be sure,
probably result in injustices to some makers tho, that your \·ariable condensers are
and it is better t.o give a few general rules equipped with good vernier adjustments,
t.hat everyone (,an apply for himself. ones that will let you get the same capacity
First of all, look at the apparatus and the every time the dial stands at the ,iame point.
kind of advertising that goes with it. 'rhere It Isn't All True
is very little trouble in recu~nizing the good
apparatus and the sincere advertiser. .For- A good bit of nonsense has bf'en written
and printed about the range of H super-
' .' .\(•know1erlr:mPnt-ln ,:-,,ddition to the aiready eon~ heterodyne when used vlith a small loop.
f-iderahle !i~t. ui n1ntrihutorR rru"niionf>rl in Pa.rt I It is perfedly true that at times ,;ery fine
the 'C'ditor 1;-d1,he,~ to Rl?knowll;':dge eontributions atld
a:Hd:.;tatwf' from the following; work can he done in this way; witness the
Onn, C, \,\tallac>e. !)ZT-9XAX, HooVPr Cup 1H2X; transatlantic broadcast reception of Mr.
Har,,Jd Harv,,v. ,,XA<'i-:{'TE-:HJN; Francis R. F.hle McLaug-hlin. which was mentioned in our
uf Durham f,;,. Cnu Phila<lf>lphia: Dr. 0. S. Kelt~y,.
t,f)(i: Victor Greiff . f!.11thor of the .. 8uperheterodyne first histallment, likewise the work men-
Man,wl"; !Jr, e:l!iott Adams White, lXAV-1.YB; lioned in this sPctir,n. However, there ls
Th@ 1:-'.ng-ine(•riny D~pt. t•f the Ha(d-Rnd M.fg-~ C'",, ; absolutely no foundation for statements
..\lberr l'. :MR,...Dowt"ll, :.iltR. Bi-lll:=mrim,":-1 ''H~trl.io~
ie!f:'phony f0r ,:\mat~nrs" haH fd!',;o bf;'~n drawn upon like ''I ean hear broadcasting from the other
,_.,_-ry fr(-'f'1y. euast whene1.1er l want t,/'. Thi!; ls not
July, 1924 QST 15

true. Anyone who feels doubtful about this Perfectly good two-way communication
has only to consider that there has re- can be carried on for .iO miles with an
cently ii,ppeared in a well-known wireless oscillator used in this fashion and the effect
magazine an article entitled "Increasing upon the next-door neighbor can be
the Range of your Super-heterodyne". 'fhis imagined, especially when several such
article suggests giving the pick-up loop a badly-handled supers begin quarreling for
lift by means of an antenna coupled to it. the same station.
While speaking of the unpleasant side The cure is-
one may as weU do a complete job, for l-Keep the oscillator power down to what
several other things have been claimed for is really needed, 20 volts on the plate.
the "super." 2-If it will not oscillate with 20 volts on
The amplifier of a superheterodyne is an the plate loosen its coupling to the
excellent receiver for the long wave trans- tuner; your tuning will be sharper and
atlantk and transpacific stations, such as the signals at least as good.
WSO (Marion, Mass.), NPL (San Diego), 3-Keep the nmpling to the nntenna ·very
NAT (New Orleans), etc. They and many lomw.
other high-power stations work at just the 4.---If ;vou really want to do things right,
waves for which super-heterodyne ampli- put in a radiation-preventing tube.
fiers are designed and quite naturally they (This will be discussed next month.)
will come in unless the amplifier i,; vuy
thoroly shielded.
This may he made more impressive by
saying that nt the editor's home in Kansas
it is rwrfect1y possible t.o hear NPL in
California and NSS in Maryland with such
an amplifier having nothing but the bat-
teries connected to it-in fact this can be
done out in the middle of a vacant lot.
This is where a large part of super-
heterodyne interference comes from. Some-
times it shows up as bad audio quality;
at other times it shows up as actual sig~
nals in good continental code, whereupon
the eode man identifies it and shields while
the non-code man swears at the nen1•e,qt
telegraphic station-never suspecting that
this particular ''QRM" ,;tarted three states A Set Using The Adams Air-Core Transformers.
away. (Photo hy 3AR)
Short.-wave interference---that is, inter-
ference by stations within the tuning-range The r,bove relates to radiation, which
of the set-ean be blamed on a tuner that some of our mai~azines still insist on calling
is not up to the job or else un an oscillator ''re-radiation".
that is being "crowded". Types of Coupling in the Amplifier
'rhe tuner question was discussed in Part Re,;istance-coupled long-wave amplifiers
I. As for the oscillator, any tube that is require more B battery, t:ake more stages
being run on excessive plate voltag<es will to get the same results, need noise-filters
manufacture a variety of harmonics and to 1nake them quiet and each tube has a
therefore increase the chances of beating chance to become .a detector because it is
with some incoming signal in such a equipped with a grid condenser and leak.
fashion as to throw it into the range of On the other hand such amplifiers can be
the iong-wave amplifier. · made quite compact, they do not try to
By rather careful test we were able to oscillate, and they are extremely dependable
establish the fact that an oscillator with il (food rei;istance8 11.,re U8ed.
20-volt plate supply was freer from this · An Pxcellent arrangement is shown in
sort of thing than one run at 40 volts- Fig. 1 which is taken from Ballantine's
and quite a lot freer than one run on 60 ever-helpful "Radio Telephony for Ama-
volts. t.eurs".
More amplification can be gotten per
Superheterodvnes as "Interference stage by using chokes in place of the re-
Factories" sistance R, leaving the resistance R 1 and
'rhe superheterodyne is one of the most the rest of the circuit as before. The chokes
capable interference factories ever devised. will need to he tuned to the working wave,
Usually the osdllator is sup.plied with an preferably by their own capacity.
entirely senseless plate voltage--.J0 or 60 However, nothing real has been gained
instead of the 20 that is needed. and to •·····•Pach tube still has a grid condenser and
make matters worse the oscillator fs tightly leak; therefore Ntch one can still act as
coupled t!l a secondary that is overly close :ci detector. The real thing is to go to
to the primary or antenna coil. transformers. ·
 QST

T.he \/:cne1·al <:ircuit .for nil Rir-,,ore iong- ,-,qition thar. i;.; n(,t wanted. When a
varvi;:. n'l'riplifyin.g tra11sf(•rn1er-s is shnwr, in ::;hortel' ,.,·:we b Ul:-\\c'o in the amplifier this
Fil/'. ~- also taken from Ballantine. .As to doe::-a. not ha t)pen; the uther wa VP is far
th~pa.rtfruiar tra11:,fmmer to i.J., u:,;ed. that HioU/£h otf .;,, that the tuner ,:,;• h.11.>p ;,;
i;z .up ro i:.he maker of the '.'-'ct; he is given ;- harp ;,rwugh to keep it 1,1.1t---it is not
there to be heterodyne<l.
r------·-·---------·.. ------- •-- "Another highly important
lro---;'...·i°,;.)7.,ch-+~;;~ul-r-+~ 1 J-{~·1~--1;
1-1
i{]l
I ,ri)
l..,"l:;
J.. ! \_ ,., ( •- t _·- _./
R:,; ~R'
~ ~
~R'
~ ,
'I \.,.~~[-
.:J f,.•
~ ~ _.~,
•·~
i,..-.
~
point is that at the lo~r•r waTvhes
the H~t iB not :;.;o H(•1~y.
H·a!:lonfoethisisthatthelower
imperlanc1, of the coils d,,e:s not
e

11 1 ..; :i:
•·
•~ ::;
• '·
s s: , 11I' permit rnuch audio-frequency
liJ¥; t dron across them ~, nd hence
1
l -lmf"- ., i -"'· ·r the· noise,; are not t·eµeated
1·
;
'-----------------.i--l.,..,.fp mf<i'~":..
1 §_ thru th~ iuripli~er.,,_ . . . .
rhe fa~h!l;m rn which ,, !_.ong-
L ! __________________________ ;J -.:·· wave amplltie:r tan be made to
-r:,,.,.e,w:<:R work satisfactorily hy the u;;e
Fig. 1--4-Stage aooO-Meter RPsistance-Coupled Amplifier. /Bal- of tsharply tuned input and out-
!antine) ,R-100,00~ Ohms. These must <at;;Y ~la~~ cu!""ent, pnt drcuits i::; explained later
hence gnd-leak resistances may not answ<>r. ,Lav,te '"':'•tors .. .'[·rt ,:, me (Jf the obi"ections
are excellent and compact. Hl-l megohm gnd leaks. C-.Ol .' 1 ,.,o · ... _.. .
uld., mica or good grade of paper. raised here ,u:e certainly 1m-
r,1,rtant.
plenty of ,;·hoice in the transformers <le- About "Filters"
,;eribPd in the rest of this article. Before guing further it is well to get
a dear understanding of the exceedingly
Again-The Best Wave wn-clear vvay in which superheterodyne de-
Whatlc'ver the theory may say, practice signers have begun to use the word "filter".
seems to indicate that there is ,viile ,:,hoice As the present Editor sees it, a "filter" is
a~ to the wavelength for the intermediate- a thing whose main business is to let some
frequeney amplifier. One ean cume down frequencies thru and to keep ,;thers back.
to ::!000 meters without any startling drop However. the authors of a number of
in amplifieation and one can go up to iJ,000 superheterodyne descriptions choose to use
or so before there .is much trouble with the word as meaning ''a sharply tuned
broadness of tuning m· noise ,:•oming thru il'a.nsformer" which Heems incorrect. Such
the amplifier. An opinion for the shorter a thing is fo l:-\t of all a trrw.,dOl'/1/.f'l'-··and
0

waves ,~ ;;xpr<eS!,ed as follow8 by A.. S. \'.'here is ,me to draw the line between sharn
Haynes of the Haynes-Gtiffin Radio S,:,rvice: "' nd hroad tuning'! -
''I strongly n•eummend the us;; of 2000-
Let u,; L<1ke the different s,,rr of so-c,alled
:moo n'\eter" a;; thf' w21ve for the iong- ;'filter;;'' in turn.
wave amplifier, t·11ther than i.0,000 meters.
A.:s !.he wavelPngth i.s made ,,horter the two He<·ause rnost long-wave ampiifiers are
p,,lnt,: ;it ·which- the same '.;tation is heard '.'Pry broad it i;; an advantag;e to haw• a
move farther apart arid iinally they get ,:o :sharply-tuned eircuit ;:.omewhere rdong the
far apart ~.hat th1c;y are n<• longer heard "':t ,c,ystem. One naturally thinks uf putting
the :-:r;me nme. It a v,c,r:v-!ong-w:we amp11- it nt the front of the system, whereupon
11Pr is used they will both get thru thf' am- it becomes an "input transformer", which
J!litier nnd he heard.. This makp,; for un- is iust like the others down the line, eK-
neees;;arv interference, especially a,- the c-ei:iting that it ha;; fewer tu1·ns in the
H!eond point rnay often fali on ;,;,me ,,ther prima-i·y and -\s ;;hunted by a condenser.
,l"uly, 192,.1 QST 1'7

'This makes it tune more sharply-but v,hy that same tuhe. Th;,re a re time,; when it
,... ail it a "filter'"! is possible to get better results by revers-
'rhe 1•ther possible place to use the ,;haq.J- ·ing ronnec-tinns to all of the transformers
ly-t.uned transform€!' is at the last of the 01•- to evl?l'Y ;;e('.(Jlld one. This must lw .found
long-'Nave amplifier. It is then called an out by trial.
"output transformer'' hut the same trans- It ,di! he n,,ticed that the windings ,,f
fot!l1er ,:,an be usl:d as before and there t,he transformer have high resislance. This
does not ,;eem to be any particular reason ls put -in purposely to aid in preventing
for labeling it a "filter". oscillations.
Different types uf .input and ,,utput
tl'ansformers can be used. some with tuned
c.econdary a:; well as primary and others A LONG-WAVE AIR-CORE TRANS-
that are only tuned r·hokes. These will be FORMER OF IMPROVED DESIGN
described later. Ry H. J . .clda-ms'
When t.he :.;ignals have gone thru the Dive1·sity of opinion has l.ieen expressed
long-wave amplifier and t.hru the second among radio fans as to the suitability of
detector there is a chance that some long- the air-core transformer for long \vave
wave radio has eome thru without being amplification. Many people argue that
det.eeted ill the second detector tube. In such a transformer is not suitable because
telegraph work this does little harm but
in radiophone work the result may be had
it, is sharply tuned, to one given frequency.
Such a statement 1s pure bunk. A trans-
audio quality. At this place there ean he former designed to handle frequencies of
used a thing that can prwperly be rnlled a the order of thirty to sixty kilocycles is
filter, and such a circuit is described later usually not ,;harply tuned at all. 'rhe
in thif, article.

BALLANTINE'$ 3000-METER
AMPLIFIER
For standard-size tubes imch as the
UV-201 and the UV-201A (not UV-199 and
DeForest DV) the amplifier of Fig. 2
will work on 3000 meters. With other tubes
it will work at slightly different wave:; but
will be just as effective.
The transformers are made as in Fig. !3.
The slot is filled by a winding that ;-on-
-_..,,_;,

Fi". 4-Assembled and "Exploded" Adams

TranSformers~ (Photo by 3AR).

Fig. 3--3000-Meter Air-

Core Transformer. !Bal- transformer shown in connection with this
lantine). This is used in artide will amplify uver the entire band
the circuit of :Fig. 2. The
'~1-<r - winding consists of 1600 of frequencies from thirty to ~.ixty kilo-
'"double turns" as described. eycles and is at the same time of air-core
in the text. eonstruction. I will not take up the electri-
\I cal problems involved in the design of these
transformers but will· mention a few points
L,1\.1 . rnncerning them. Patents are vending on
thifl clesign. · -
There ls a popular impresidon that. long
sists of 1600 "double turns'' of No. :w waves (low frequencies) ;ire not criticai
single-silk-cnvered wire. Bv "double turns" find that tubes ,,r unshielded transformers
is 1i1eant the winding of two wires together in an ,::mplifi~r do not have to he properly
su that when the winding is finished one :,par·t>d or wired to prevent coupling and
wirP i"an be used as a primary and the other n0scillatio11. Again I feel certain from ex-
pe;·ience:,; in laborat.orv work t.hat more
a;; a ,;ecundary. C,innect the primary into
the plate circuit in the mnial fa;;hion and hunk is being handed to
the public. In an
rimplifier which .! use in an l'ight-tuh;,
then make tests to see which wav the
seeundary ~hould be l'.onnected for b~·st rP- superheterodyne ,,et unshielded transfor-
Rults. 'ro do this connect one of the inside mers clo u,uple and the r<•sult is the worst
ends to the B battery and the outer end of yowlin_g imag-inable. ..-\.s spacR is a factor
this .sn·me winding (this is important\ to in a hnge receiving set I naturally wanted
the plate. J>Jow e,:,nneet the 1·eniaining out- my tuhes and transformers aR ·;,Jose to-
side end to. the ground of the next tube and gether as possible. After trying many
the 1·emaining inside !eUd to the filament of 1C~ptain, Si}tna] C'orp~. U.S.A.
18 QST July, 1924

commercial transformers I became dis- ings are both of No. ;30 D.S.C. wire. As
gusted and tried various designs of my the wire is wound on the form, a space is
own. Those described here are the result .left between tl:\rns equal to the thickness
of a good many trials and they work
efficiently no matter how dose they are
placed to each other in the drcuit. 'fhe
matter of tube.~ was another thing. [ found
that at frequencies of the o.rder named
that they eould not be placed closer than
about four inches, center to center. The
problem then was to make a transformer
that rnnld sit in between the tubes with its
windings in the same plane as those of a Fig. 5--Winding
r,hnilar transformer in the :next stage and Forms of lhe Adams
oniy about two inches between the two Trans former.
transformers. Shielding was of course the
first thought. Again the cry of the ex-
p,:,rts was that I would iose efficiency. A.s
it actually worked out, efficiency was gained.
'ro use a separate shield would make an
unsightly Job so the ease of the trans-
former, Fig. 1, was designed of brass or
<:opper t-0 ,;erve as a shield a:,; well as a
go,,d ('ase. A ,;hicld to be of imy u;;e must (If the wire. One the return trip the wire
be gTounded; for that reason all eases is lain in the mace left. This of eourse
are conneeted to t.he ground wire of the causes a hump- where the transpositions
:set. 'rhe arrang-ement of binding uosts was are made. On the next layer however the
the next eonsideration. The obfection to '.,ranspositions .ar:e 1:!.1ade a fraction . of an
most transformers is that it i,; difficult mch m rear of the nrst onec< and this pro-
to wire them in an amplifier and keep good eess eontinues, thus making a symmetrical
separation between the leads. With bind- winding. There is no necessity to impreg-
ing post.~ locRted as shown it is possible nate the ,:umpleted coils altho this may be
to keep all .leads separated at least two done if desired. Silk is not hydroscopic as
inches and at the same time keep plate and is e(,tton in,mlation and in the ease there
grid leads less i:han one-half Inrh long. is no need of further protection. It requires
Suppose panel-mount soekets are used or good material to ohtain good results and
that l'f'g'Ular ,,,ockets ~re used set up on a the day of junk is rapidly passing in radio.
,ihelf. A p:lance will show that the wiring
of an. amplifier will he a very simple matter, Shielding Transformer•
comparatively speaking, by first spacing the Just u word concerning shielding. Any
tube soekets and then placing the trans- filter or long wave transformer i,hould be
formers between them. All battery wires Hhielded, yet there are only a very few
are then down out of the way and greatly in which this important matter has been
r,eparated :from the more sensitive Je,ads. given consideration. Many people using
This overcomes perhaps the greatest ob- unshielded !:.rans.formers and filters have
stade of the mnateur builder of a radio- unjustly blamed the amateur for telegraph-
frequency amplifier, that of feed-back ing on the broadcast wave lengths and
aetion which causes · his tubes to oscillate. during silent hours. These people eannot
Afl muc-h as five volts negative grid bias eopy code and no doubt would he .inclined
may be placed on 201-A or aOl-A tubes in to think one was lying to them if told that
an amplifier with these transformers 'with- the signals they heard were from high
out ,'ausing oscillation. powf'r commercial stations transmitting at
from :)000 to 10000 meters, depending at
Constniction what frequency their "filter" happened to
be tuned to. A g-0od supe:rheterodyne re-
Now as to actual c-onstruction. The wind- ceiver to be operating most efficiently must
ing forms, Fig'. r;, are of natural grey fibre have its intermediate frequency amplifier
which is baked to remove any moisture and just under oscllation or slightly m,;cillating.
then dipped in a hot mixture of beeswax, In ('Ven a weak oscillating eondition it
paraffine wax, and rosin. This effectively will aet a~ H ::;eparate heterodyne and con-
seals it and prevents moisture being ab- tinuous wave telegraphic stations can be
sorbed later. The forms are about four heard. In fact l know nf no hetter receiver
inches in diameter. The primary winding for C.W. ov!'r great distances than an os-
is one-fourth inch wide and the secondary dllating superheterodyne. 'l'ry it some time
five-<>ights of an inch wide. 'rhe spaeing on real DX work.
between windings is one-eighth inch.
'['bPre are 750 turns of wire on the primary HAYNES AIR-CORE TRANSFORMER
and 2250 turn!'- on the secondary. The wind- '.!:here is ,;ho,vn in Fig. 6 a trans.former
July, 1924 QST l9

that resonates at about 2300 meters when not be wound in layers. If several stages
used with 201-A tubes. 'rhe completed coils are to be used the coils should be made
should be put into the circuit of Fig. 7. as nearly alike as possible.
In general, the higher the resistance of
the coils, the broader the tuning. If the
transformers were made of heavier vrire
Fig. 6-Haynes Air- they would tune more sharply and then
Core 2300-Meter Trans- they would have to be made exactly alike or
former, First Trans- else variable condensers used across the
former--325 turns pri-
mary shunted by 500 windings, which would be expensive and in-
micromicrofarad (.0005 convenient.
microfarad), 1000 turns About the best thing so far for: a tuned
secondary.
Other Transformers- input transformer ( so-called •'input filter")
B50-Turn primary, 1000- is a double honeycomb coil mounting with
turn secondary. Alt a pair of 1250-turn honeycomb coils, each
windings of No. 32
D. S.C. shunted by a 1000 ltttfd. ( .001 microfarad)
Note--This is not the variable condenser.
transformer now sold by In the last stage an ordinary Radio Cor-
11.aynes-~rtffin.
poration UV-1716 is as good as anything.
However, a tuned transformer consisting
of a 200-turn primary wound of No. 21
wire and a 1500-turn secondary wound with
The wave may be found by using a buzzer No. 3fi wire has been used. The primary
on the wavemeter, or else by the dick can be tuned by a
method. Turns are then removed until variable eondcnser or
the wave re>aches ::!800 meters. The differ- by a fixed condenser
ent transformers need not be exactly alike of the right value.
but should at least eome within 100 meters Using a :c:uper of 5ECONDAR.."f
tsw t.4lms ,',t),J.ti: l).,;,c,
of em::h other. this µ; e n e r a l type
The first transformer i sometimes called something like EiO am-
the "input filter") has a slightly different ateurs were logged at
7ZU--m u st I y very
QSA on loud speaker
---on the n i g h t of
F'eb. 11, none of
them
were f r o m the 7th
District. That is an-
other way of saying
that n o n e of them
were within 200 miles.
and even after that
stations a re pretty
scarce until one la\"Cts Fig-. 8-West's
Transformer
out about fiOO miles.
Fig. 7-Tuning Transformers hy the Haynes
Method.
CONTROLLING THE LONG-WAVE
winding as shown in under Figure 6. 'rhe AMPLIFIER
shunting condenser across the primary may
be a 500 1iµfd. ( .0005 microfarad) varia~le ln the MacLaughlin neutrodyne-super-
of the oi:dinary type or it may ?e a., mi.ca heterodyne of last month, oscillation was
eompresi::1on condenser such as the gri~- prevented by balancing out each stage
denser" or the ·'vari-grid" if one of s:uffi- separately, using the Hazeltine "neutro-
eiently large capacity is at hand. Fixed dyne" scheme. This can be done wjth or-
condensers may be used but the :,;o-eal_led dinary transformers as well, connectmg the
r;oo p,11fd. ~ize usually is not up to rnti~g small condensers in exactly the same
and it is necessary to add another .0001 fashion as shown in our Fig. G, page 16,
or .0002 in parallel to get the tuning right. of the ,June issue.
A.nother scheme is to use a so-cailed
WEST'S TRANSFORMERS' "stabilizer" potentiometer. This is the same
A satisfactory home-made transformer is thing that we call a ''losser' and it is con-
shown in Fig. 8. '£he primary is wound neeted in just the same fashion as we have
of 250 turns of No. 26 n.C.C. wire, then a :,.hown it in past issues for short-wave am-
thin .!aver of paper is put on and 1500 plifiers. It is again shown in :F'igs. 1 and
turns {;f No. :!If D.C.C. wound in. The 2 and in some of the other diagrams in
secondary should be wound ,nnoothly so as this series. The principle is simply to make
to keep the size of the coil down but should the ;;rids of the amplifier somewhat posi-
. - --- --········--------- ~-~-- tive; they will then waste enough power
to prevent 01,cillation.
20 QST ,July, 192,1

Stopping Feedbacks Let us take the following example. In

Before hE-ginning to waste power with Fig. fl, A and B represtm·t two stations
1.ossers it is a good idea to make sure that that are transmitting on 400 meters (750
all the needless feed-backs have been re- k.c.) and ,WO meters (830 k.c.) respedive-
mover!. Of course one cannot get rid of the !y. Suppose that the local oRcillator C in
feed-baek thru the tube capa°city but one the :;et is tuned to 790 kilocycles. A heat
t:an get rid of ,;ome of the things that nute of •10 kilocycles is then produced and
cause external feedback. station .A is plainly heard. Station B ls
The main things to be watched ine inter- also plainly heard as it too is :,ending on
r;tage (',rnpling thru the batterie;,; and be- a frequency that is 40 kilocycles from that
tween the various wires. One v..i·y neat of the o,willator. To remedv this situation
and remarkably effective s,.-heme i;; the .it is only neeessat·y to tun/ C to 710 kilo-
htrge brass wire er,nduit ;;hown in Captain c·r,•les, lin<l ,111ly ,,tation A ,Nill he heard,
Adam's Ret. .Another m;eful sdieme i:, to a;, thf' differenee between H and C i;; no
;,onnect a 1-~tfd. eonrlenser from the 11tega-
tive side of the A battery to the grid-return
\•I the amplifier as shown in Figs. 1 and :::. L;a;

H is well to eonnect another ,mch n,nden-

:ser aeruss the B battery. A large amount of
1.,xcellent additional advice may he found
in Ballantine\; seetion 8H, page ::!11:;.
-f!/0 I':~__L(~1f)
rl,r '4L:1j ~Ll Jty.,
"FILTERS" FOR USE iN THE AMPLI-
I L,. I I
FIERS OF THE SUPERHETERODYNE Fig~ l 0---A "Filter" Transformer \1/ith Condense-r-
'T uned Pl'intary and Secondary~
RECEIVERS
Hy C[l.pta,in, H. ,I. A.d.anw·
longer 40 hut is 120 kilocycles which might
F'irst of all any well-built transformer very easily pass thru the long-wavP ampli-
for long-wave rndio frequency amplifica- fier hut will he 1•ery efTectively stopped by
tion, no matter whether of the air-e;H'e or the "filter'', whether it be placed at the
iron-eore type, is eapahle of .:-fficiently am- in put- or output end of the long-wave am-
plifying radio signals at more than one plifier. .
This would be more noticeable the closer
•JAtHlN ~
B is to C. The effect would not be as great
at the frequencies used here as at others,
since fransfo1·mers would hardly amplify
)
1
_JH~:~i;J->)
~ 1 -=-A",__..:CC''~'."":'.;~-'-'~rco:.'~,
L. as well at 120 k.c. as at 40 k.c. Further-
more there are nearly r,.lways a number of
'i1~TJO>,I s·~,...t~ 1~•~:;,:i"~] troublesome harmonics from nearby broad-
~ltllOlVCtf'> casting stations which produce heat notes
(J to which the ordinary transformer in the
intermediate frequency amplifier would
Fig. 9-Why a "Filter" Ia Needed Before (or respond as rt>adily as t~, the station the
After) the Long-wave Amplifier,
operator was attempting to receive.
frequency. This is particularly true of Filter Design
those designed to operate at frequencies of Assuming that the need of a filtering
the order of 30 to 100 kilocycles. lt is this system is conceded, it is necessary to select
band of frequencies that is used in various one which will give the best results. I will
types of transformers now on the market
for use in the superheterodyne circuits.
It is in this band that the super-audible
beat note or frequency difference between
the locally-generated continuous waves at
the set and the modulated continuous waves
from the distant station, are generally am-
plified.
'!'his means that ;;nme sort of sharply-
tuned circuit is needed i;omewhere in the Fig. 11-A "Filter" Transformer With Only the
amplifier system. Usually this takes the Primary Condenser-Tuned.
form ,,i' one :,harply-tuned transformer or
ehoke-coil which it has become eustomarv touch on on!~· three types of filters here
to call a ''filter". If no tilter is used it i's as they are those that are the most practic-
entirely possible that two stations which able and generally used. To be efficient it.
are sendin~ at different frequencies can be :i:,s of course eKsential that the niter •H' o,;-
heal'd at the same dme, thus spoiling the ei1Iatory dreuit be sharply tuned. lt mu;,.t
reception from both. nor, howr>ver, l:,e ~o sharulv tuned that it
-·······------------
will not permit the voice ~.1.r
music to pass.
 ,July, 1924 QS'l' 21

It is a nice job to get this circuit tuned eoil are low. The filter eircuit proper is of
for best results. course C1 and L. C, and C, provide a non-
Figure l O shows a type of filter now on metallic path for the grid and grid return,
the market. The windings consist of a great at the same time they p- .,vent the voltage
many turns of fine wire and are of the of the "B'' battery being impressed on the
.same number or turns. Both are tuned g-rid of the detector tube or from connect-
with very small fixed enndensers. The ing with the negative "B" battery through
windings i;; vel'y high and the l'.U-efficient of the ·'A" battery.
{'.Oupling i,, low. lt is very hrnad and in .As I mentioned before it is quite a little
my opinion is more <Jf a "Joss<'!'" than a job to matrh C, and L properly, and re-
filter, particularly when plared at the in- 4uires laboratory equipment. H L is too
vut of au inte,rmediate amplifier. A weak lf,rge, the filter will be too broad. If C,
,,ig·na"I from a distant hroadra;;ting station is too largt,, it will be too sharp and there
will not be much \'olume
in the output from the dP-
1:Pctor. There must be
u"ther a tlat top lo the
eurvr,, of this filter in
r,Yder that the Yoh::., and
music rang"' r-an be c·ov-
,,red eorreetly and nermit-
t;.,d to pass. 'I'he - curve
should, however, lw of
great amplitude. '.I'he l'll-
Top view of the Adams Super~ Goin.g from right to left, the tire filter is housed in a
-first compartment contains the low-loss three-circuit tuner, next comes brass ease and cunnected
the shielded oscillator, next the long-wave amplifier and second de- in the circuit in the same
tector, last the adio amplifier. Note that the three longwave trans-
formers and the tuned choke are a!I shielded and the shields grounded. manner as the other trans-
Note also the short leads to the tubes. I Photo by :_JAR). formers. The aeeompany-
ean far better withstand
the losses encountered in
a filter after it has been
built up in signal strength
through several stages of
radio frequency amplifica-
.tion than it can before it
is am11lified. It makes no
,difference what the t.rans-
,formers amplify as long as
it is possible to select from
thein the particularly fre- Back view of the Adams Super, The long-wave transformer
,quency that is wanted. farthest to the left is the tuned auto-transformer (also called tuned
choke or "filter''), In both pictures the square brass wiring tube
'There is only a minute can be seen just under the tuhe shelf. All low-voltage wiring is run
,quantity of energy re- in this tube to prevent trouble from feed-backs. This plan doe• not
ceived from a distant work unless the tubing is large so as to have low inductance and re-
broadcasting station at sistance. Don't save at this point.. In the long-wave amplifier tht!
fourth transformer is the tuned auto-transformer or tuned choke which
best, so why waste most feeds the second detector, i Photo by 3AR)
of it at the start in an
· inefficient trap? ing pictures :;how the filter in place in a
A Simpler Type complete set, it being the last transformer
to the left.
Figure 11 shows a type that can be fair-
ly sharply tuned if it has a low resistance
primary winding and a relatively large FILTERS AFTER THE SECOND
fixed condenser shunted across it. The co- DETECTOR
. efficient of coupling is still low, however. By F'ra.nci.s R. Ehle'
I personally believe that the filter shown
in l<"'igure 12 is by far the best type that it In a superheterodyne there is frequently
is possible to use. distortion in the audio output, even when
C1 is a large fixed condenser, C, is a by- no audio amplifier is used. Long-wave
pass condenser of the .order of .005 1.i.fd., radio from the amplifier accidentally gets
, and C, is the usual grid condenser of ,1)005 by the second detector, or else super-audio
pfd. capacity. H is a grid leak of about osciUations oecur in the second detector
2% megohms and L is an inducknce of itself or the audio amplifier, causing audio
heavy wire and with turns transposf'd, distortion.
' The ei:,efficient of coupling -in this case ·is
unity. LusS<'S are at a minimum as the re-
. sistance and distributed eapacity of the
 QST July, 1924

A very satisfactory method of removing Altho the entire set was below the groun<l
this trouble is shown in Fig. 1.3. This cir- level stations on both coasts were <..'.opiect
cuit is connected between the second de- every night with the loud-speaker. Tt:
tector and the phones or audio amplifier. didn't make much difference what sort ot'
;:;tations thev were-amateur, broadcast or.·
ship, all of them ''tore the house down".

-,I
:! L2.
F"ig. 12-A "Filter" of the Tuned-Choke Type. -+--
Cl-Large fixed mica condenser.
C2----.005 microfarad mica condenser. '8I
<.:3----~0005 microfarad mica condenser. I
LI-Choke coil of heavy wire wound so as to I
reduce losses,. 1.-----+---J
Almost any irregular winding wlll do, but
straight layers tnust not Oe .. used.
R---2% megohm grid leak.
The size of Ct ans 1..1 will depend on the wave
at which 'the long-wave amplifier must he worked.
The si7.e of Ct and Li will depend on the wave
This drcult ,hould be used in Fiir. 6, paire 16,
June QST wher'e an incon-ect connection is _given.

'rhe 500 lt~t.fd. ( .0005 microfarad) ,:con-

denser and the two high-resistance coils
Arrangement of Heterodyne and Pickup Coila.
tend to damp ont all high-frequency o~dl-
lations. while the choke C'oii and its series
c·ondenser form a series-tuned circuit which
is tuned approximately to the amplifier

flG. IS-SECOND DETECTOR FILTER

Cl-.005 microfarad mica.
C'.2-.0001 microfarad mica.
l - - I 00 millihenrys, iron core.
RI & R2--12,000 ohms each. FIG. 15--,.THE HETERODYNE OSCILLATOR
CIRCUIT
.frequency and damps out any un-detected Cl-.0005 microfarad variable.
long-wave radio eurrents from the amplifier. C2~.00I microfarad mica or paper.
'fhis method has proved extremely useful. Ll-2%" diameter, wound of No. 20 S.C.C.
L2-2n' -tn" diameter. also V¼'OUnd with No. !?Q•
s.c.c.
KIMBALL'S SUPERHETERODYNE' Number of turns a.$ follows:
Wave Range Turns Ll Turns L2
After all the articles that have been 100--21!0 6 S
printed 11.bout the super-heterodyne it is 180--4.',0 l8 25
interesting that one oj the ·very beNI; is 220--550 .27 ,3,6
Suggestion: LI, 30 turns tapped at 25, ~U, 10 an~ 5~
t1till the story we printed in our April, L2, 40 turns tapped at 35, 2.5, 15 and 7.
1923. issue. six months before the ''super-
hetei·odyne · cHmp.aign" began. . The drcuit fa shown in Fig. 14. There
'fhis Darticular set was never used with is nothing peculiar about it and no detailed
an antenna; the loop proved considerably explanation is needed.
more than sufficient as a pick-up. 'rhere- The separate heterodyne is connected a:,.
fore the loop was mounted up permanently shown in Fig. 15. 'fhe position of the grid
above the ~ct wth an airplane wheel to c·oil is changed until lhe tube oscillates
turn it by. This wheel can be seen in the smoothly over the tuning range. The best
upper left corner (,lf the photogTaph. m;cillators were fuund to be the Western
The loop frame was .;! feet square and Electric ".J" tube and the UV-200 Radio-
vrn;s fr,und with .t turns (Jf No. 18 wire. tw,n, hut the UV-201-A (which was !Wt
"f) . ..':..._ Kitnball~ uRY, :c, v,ailable then l will be even better.
July, 1924 QST 23

The long-wave amplifier of this set is only necessary to find the wave at which
unusual in two ways-in its construction it responds to the wavemeter-buzzer and
and in the fact that it never failed to work then to remove turns until this point moves
after once being properly a,djusted. to l.600 meters, which is a good working
The coils for the long-wave transformers wave. It was found by experiment that
were wound in the former shown in Fig. the plate coils should be tuned to 810
16. The part marked "1" is a removable meters which will make them tune to 1600

L __ - -IU.IPN./-~ - - J

13
-----~-'7~ ~----------..-. . f1f1f1----1fof11-'+
BArrERY
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _....,
Fig. 14--Circult of the Kimball Superheterodyne

core which eomes out ·with the finished as soon as they are put into the plate cir-
('oil, a new disc being put in for the next cuits of the finished set. The imcket and
,~oil. F'or the plate (or primary) coils tube used in this test uiaxt be the same
these discs are 11;," thick and an inch in sort that will he used in the finished set
diameter and are wound with 400 turns later on.
of No. :rn A.W.G. (B.&S.) double-cotton- Pairs of the coils are now slipped onto
the long % 1' glass rod which runs above the
tubes as shown in the photo.
Adjusting the Amplifier
Care must be taken to e,mnect the coils

Fig. 16-Winding Form for the Kimball Trans-

formers

('OVered wire. :For the , '.Jcondary, or gTid,

coils· the discs are also an inch in diameter
but ?a" thick and are wound with 750
turns of the same wire. After a coil is
wound the wood screw is carefully taken FIG. 17-TUNING THE R.F. COILS
Ll-The coil that Is being tuned.
out of the end of the former, the disc "2" L2-Wavemeter coil.
lifted off and the exposed side of the coils Note--Keep distance between wavemeter and coil
carefully ''doped" with airplane dope or the same. If no buzzer is handy the "click" method
better with dean celluloid dissolved in can be used to find the lune .
amyl-acetate. The coil is tfwn placed in
a warm oven for 80 minutes, when it is the same as when testing them; that is,
ready for another coat all over. Three the outer end of the pl-ate (primary) coil
c•oats will make the coil rigid ,and water- t:o the plate and the inner 1,nd to the B
proof. battery, also the outer end of the grid coil
(secondary) to the grid and the inner end
Tuning the Transformers to the filament. Th.i,q i.'1 important.
It was found convenient to tune the When all connections have been made the
transformers as shown in Fig. 17. When buzzer-driven wavemeter is set up 25 feet
a grid mil is being tested in this way it is from the receiving loop and final adjust-
 QST ;July, ln24

, ment made ":-' ,,ii<ling the primary ,md furn1er, L2. is ,·xactlv the ;same a,; ,he nrst
s.<?eu,ndary uf e,wh transforuwr tngether t:•l' tuner. S,:,e Fig. 20.'
apa,:t - also hy ,di<ling the transformers The tirst ,,,;dllator uses :'''-'parate hat-
bodily :,iong [".he ;.:;las,; rnd. This diould terie~. and therefore ean use r, ,,;Ingle •.'.oll
be done ei.ear thru thP S<"t c,nd when a
rough adiustrnent has I.wen made the whoie
thing should he done ,..ver :1gain. H if<
impossible to do this too earefully; after
1mi'nv hours of work there ·will Hill be im-
prov0ement ·when the adjustment,; ,He 1·e-
peated.
The Results
. \s has bren i;aid, no ri.nt.enna \Vas ever
u:;e<l: the entire ;<Pt "\\'a;s in a <.:ellar in
Topeka, Karn,a:s, yet ::;ignals from both
er,asts Wl're tremendous-vastly better than
those produced by most of r.he present-day
"supers·•. The headset wa;, n<'ver worn,
yet amateurs from every district were Fig. !S--Short-Wave Super-Heterodyne at :!XAQ,
twllrd all nver the neighborhood, KDKA \ Phot') hy :l XA•.l !
was audible two hloeks from the horn and Small upper pattei carries the transfer switc.h for
spark tsignals from 1200 miles away were going from antenna to loop; tuner is on the hack
of this panel.
1·ecurded on an Ediphone dictating machine. Going across main panel from left to right!
But this wa~ the final result-it was not CJ-Secondary tune, C2--tune first iong~w-ave
transformer~ C3---tune first oscillator. C4-~tune
secured without many days of painstaking second oscillator.
adjustment of the amplifier. MI-Filament voltm.eter on first osc.~illator tube.
M2--·F'ilament voltmeter for all detector and
AMATEUR RECEIVING WITH THE a.1~~~P1a\'::i~~uit jack permits measuring curr1;>nt
SUPERHETERODYNE in plate of first detector tube-~also permits use of
Amateur work i,; mainly done with con- phones at this point.
tinuous waves. therefore the superhetero-
dyne must be somewhat changed to make
the idgnals l'<'adable. The sl'heme is as
follows.
The first osdllator and first detector are
used in the regular way to make the short-
·w avf' ~.ignal Jnto a long-wave Rignal that
is amplified by the long-wave amplifier. In
effect this gives a long-wave c:w. signal
which eannot be heard. Therefore a i;econd
osciliator is needed, and sinee we now have
a Jong-wave ~.ignal we must of course have
a long-wave osdllator.
Sigi1als c1:i:n be lJPard by simply letting
the long-wave amplifier osdllate hut the
set is noisy and erratic, also the signal-
strength and the se•nsitivity drop badly.
THE C.W. SUPERHETERODYNE AT
3XAQ-3TE-3DN ."
ThP eonstrm:tion r,f this set is so heauti-
fully ,,lwwn hy thP photographs that not
Yel'y much needs to he said. Se,~ Figs. 18,
.HI imd :20.
The tnner L, i;; wound on a :; % " l.uhr.
'r~e see:•n<lary .has 20 ,turns of No. 1,8 D.C.C.
wire. !.'he pnmary JP :,;;,parated trom the
:o(•t,olHiary by c;trips ,_,f empire ekit.h aml ha;;
-i. turns <.ii the ;o:anw w-lre, l.,oth windings Fi~. 'J9--.H'.t:>ar And Top View5 Showing )lr-r~nge-
lnent. Note special. 1nountin~.s for the, •·o?("
be-ing- then S<"cnred into place with noi1- lransformers, type DX-2H. <. Photo by :,XAt~),
metailic ,,·eating- wax iai<l on in stripes.
The ~eeondar;v - ,;hunting ,:,undenser Cf is
:s Ge1wrai Radio type ~17 of .00025 ,:apacity.
To make the tuning shal'p~r and to pre-
;~\t.~vet~X/ur.r tipN~. 2~~0~:g\"2•,,:;:ir:t"l;h:
v.:-nt radiation th<"re ls a 0ne-:,d:Pp ;,hort- <eenter t.urn as shown in the diagram. Fig.
wavP radio amplifier, 'rhr tuned r.f. trans- 22. The pick-up eoiJ is hun1s inside the o;,,-
cillator el.1il and has only two turns. S<'e
6Harol<t L. Harw_•y. Baltimort--. Fig. 20. The fiiament volta_e-e of this tube
,July, 192,4 QST 25

is shown by Ml (,;ee Figs. 18 and 22). oseillator eondenser is a General Radio

This fir;;t o,;;dllator is ealibrated--there- 2fi0 µµfd.
fore the need vf keeping the filament vol.t- The amplifying transformers al'e Radio
age steady. Only the variable condenser Instrument Co.'s DX-2H, vxcepting the
of the first (IScillator is shielded, altho it first one which is their type DX-0, having
has been a help to shield the batteries. The a condenser-tuned primary. These trans-
formers have been found to work very
quietly and to amplify very well.

l;Jt~i.~E\\
"
,~, L.; .
Fig. 21-•Second Oscillator. ; Phot"s by :, ,\Rl

'fhe second ostillator also uses its own

batteries. 'rhis was found necessary to
get satisfactory operation. The ;,,•e,,nd
oscillator uses two -ioo-turn duo-lateral
coils hung inside a <l 7-ii" tube, around the
outside of which is wound the pick-up coil
of TWO turns-the photo ;;hows 10 but this
has h,,.,n n•duced. This pick-up eoil is
conneded in the ,>late coil of the second
detector. It works better there than in the
g:rid, where it would usually be plaeed t.see
Fig. 21).
lfV-201-A tubes are used thruout.
I
Performance
l-•~1!'>!"1~,iy..<.•f;'!.,..,,'f/{!f!'mlh"'m~.'&<o#,.W,W,,''•• . ., . , , . , , , , , . . . - , , _ -
At first the tuning· was somewhat broader
, , Fi"'. 20---Tuner .1\na First Oscillator. ( Phot.o
than on uther ret·eivers: this was eorrectc•d
t,y :·,,XAQ.). hy adding the single step nf tuned sh· rt-
Lt-Tuner. wave r.f. Receotion i;, done on the !.c ,.,
L.2-Tuned short-wave r.f. tt-an~former, made
jusl like the nrst tuner Ll.
nr antenna. With either one it is ppssibk
01-First oscillator tube and coils. to hear transcontinental amateur signals
26 QST July, 1924..

very well indeed. 6EA is copied very nice- from C.W. signals without using a second
ly when he is using one "5-watter". oscillator.
. When the guod weather began to leave Five Radio Corporation tran:;formers, type
it was no longer possible to bring .in TJP-1716, are used. The input transformer
European amateurs with the low-loss consists of a 250-turn honeycomb coil and
tuners. des(,ribed in QST. This super- a 1500-turn coil of the same sort. The
heterodyne was then put in and various smaller coil is the primary and is placed in
British and French amateurs copied. The the plate drcuit of the first detector. This
short-wave radiophone from Poldhu was coil is shunted by a 1000-ttttfd. (.001 micro-

FIG. 22-·-CONNECTIONS OF THE "C.W." SUPERHETERODYNE AT aXAQ.

so loud a;; to be mistaken for· NSS (200- to !:he lilament drcuit. These last tW<>
kilowatt arc 20 miles away). · tubes ean appaI"ently be set into oscillation
Several amateurs have commented on the independently from the rest of the set so
quietness of this set. There is nothing t.hat it is possible to create a beat note,
of the usual tube noises, yet the signals farad) variable condenser.
come thru in good shape. '.rhe tuner is of 4 1:oils, wound like those
:,hown on page 8 of the February issue of
THE AMATEUR SUPERHETERODYNE QS'I', and strung out on a dowell stick a::i-
AT 9.XAX-9ZT. i,hown in Fig. 2/l. '.rhe first detector is re-
By Don C. WaUace, f1ZT-.9X.4.X; generative., which helps the signal strength
'I ..,,nod d"ai
The set is much like the one des<'ribed in ' The set i;as no audio--neve1· will have,
Ballantine, i page 227). The potentio- cause the neighbors want to sleep.
meter of the long-wave amplifier is eon-
ANSWERING QUESTIONS ABOUT THE.
PP..IMAR:V T1(K! E.~ SUPERHETERODYNE

~1F
)_· t _n·n~ ,~• tu.- ·.'

'rhese, n nd other, questions have been

forwarded to us by Mr. ,lohn Magee since
the Jirst im,tallment appe_ared.

~,.,,:~:,,J ··1 Shielding

When :;hielding a superheterodyne like
.. ! the one made by Mr. McLaughlin ( Part I
of this sedes) it -is well to make the shield
somewhat larger than the one v,hieh vras
used. This permits keeping the walls fur-
Fig. 23-The Tuner at 9ZT-XAX. ther away from the c•oils with correspond-
neeted in the grid returns of the last two ingly lower losses. It would also be well
amplifiers only, the others going directly to make the ;;hielding c-omplete so as to
enclose the tubes, not so much to shield
'r"Winner Hoover Cup, 1923. them as to prevent them from picking up
,July. 192'1 QST 27

noises. Aluminum may be used instead the best ones for the purpose. The favorite
of brass but is not as good bel'.ause the seems to be the General Electric UV-201-A.
joints cannot be soldered and are conse-
quently much poorer. To get equal results Bank Windings
the shield must be somewhat heavier and Mr. ,John Magee of Hartford ;mggests
the flanges be very wide and fitted as care- the following method of making banked
fully as possible. Better stick to brass or windings without the usual amount of grief.
cuppe1·. 1 / 32 inch or thicker is preferred. "Wind the tube with a single layer of
wire, using care to stretch the wire and
Changing ft-om Antenna to Loop to wind very firmly and closely. Pnt on
It is suggested that a telephone jack winding which will cover the distance to be
(:ould be arranged so that one might plug occupied by the bank winding and a little
in the loop and cut out the regular tuning more b-:-sides. Dope this ·winding and bake
unit at the same time. This is bad business it. Then dope and bake again.
for two reasons. In the first place it. puts Break the wire three or four turns from
into the tuned eircuit a small but very the end and unwind five turns. Fill in the
pour condenser, that is to say, the telephone space vacated in this way with five turns of
jack and plug. In the second place the loop single layer coil which will be the start
then feeds directly to the first tube and of the bank winding and serve as a founda-
the tuning is quite broad. A much better tion at the starting end.
method is shown by Mr. Harvey nf 3XAQ. Then start the bank winding, stripping
off the single layer coil turn by turn as
Rheostats you proceed. In this way the original single
layer coil serves to keep the bank winding
A good way to group the tubes on the from spreading at the bottom and makes
rheostat is as follows: audio amplifier on one it possible to wind the bank winding tight
rheostat (why does anyone use an audio from end to end without any dope.
amplifier on a superheterodyne'?), first de- After the bank winding is done, end it
tector on one rheostat, second detector on with three layers of single winding and
another rheostat, intermediate frequency dope this short end.
amplifier on still another rheostat and the Now remove what is left of the original
oscillator on still another one. If fewer single layer winding. This will g-ive a
than this are desired it is suggested that permanent bank-wound coil without dop-
the audio amplifier and oscillator be oper- ing."
ated with a fixed resistance. When a poten-
tiometer is used on the intermediate fre- Making Adjustment Easier
quency amplifier it also may be operated Mr. R. •r. Anderson of Lakewood, Ohio,
with a fixed filament resistance. This suggests that the MacLaughlin neutrodyne-
leaves only the detector rheostat. superheterodyne, described in our .June
issue, ean be equipped with neutralizing
Plate Voltage controls that come through the front of
There seems to he an uncalled-for un- the panel so as to make the neutralization
certainty as to the eorrect B battery volt- possible wthout the laborious business of
age in the superheterodyne. 'fhere is no opening and closing the lid of the set many
pa r.ticular reason why freakish voltages times. 'I'his could be dor,e hy mounting
t,hould be nsed; given the same tube the Chelten midget vernier condensers inside
ordinary voltages are perfectly satisfactory. and providing them with extension l:n-
,Just what these voltages are will depend s11,laUn_q shafts that would <>ome through
upon the tube; the label on the box in which the casing,
the tube comes ·will give the neeessary in-
formation. Correction
Amplifier Wavelength In the Figure 6 on page 16 of the ,June
In the McLaughlin neutrodyne-super- issue there is an extra wire that "does
heterodyne the wavelength nf the inter- not belong to the lodge." The lower Pnd
mediate amplifier ean be adjusted. It is of C, is shown Nmnected to the lower end
normally operated :in the neighborhood of of R: This would eonnect the +B battery,
1500 meters which gives good amplification which is wrong. The correct connections
without taking off a portion of a radio- are shown in Fig. 12, page 22 of this issue.
phone side band. When receiving tele-
graphic signals a longer wave may be used Our Next Article
as the additional sharpness does no harm. In the next article of this series we will
discuss .iron-core transformers, special
Choosing Tuhes supe.rheterodyn:e circuits, trouble~shooting
Although the Radiola superheterodyne in superheterodynes, and special uses of
uses 1JV-1\l~ tubes there seems t.o he a the super. A particularly compact super-
general agreement amongst our contribu- heterodyne, suited to various wave-ranges,
tors to the 1~ffed that these tubes are not will be shown.
28 QST ,July, 1924-

Pan-American Tests Succeed

I
NFORMATION received to date bears the !.'4-meter transmission .from Pol<lhu.
pleasant surprises for those interested Montevideo repurts 2DX and ~NX .
.in the Pan-American tests 1ust ended. Lettet•f- from various South America11.
The greatest of surprises (if \:,.,nrse was c,,untrie,; .,,how that great enthusiasm is
the a;tonishing work by Argentfoe CBS, heing displayed hy amateurs there in getting-
described elsewhere in this issue. 'ihis is into the short-wave v.;ame. This i;s particu-
not all, however; many other amllteurs did larly true of reception; it i:a intersting to-
good work in contributing to the succes,; note that the reception of the short-wave,
of the Tests. telephony from KDKA and WGY i;: e,,m-
Many North American signals were heard nionly used as the mark of a good receiver
in S.A., according to Rei•istn Tr'/egrafica, for amateur work. The South American
and CBS 1?ables that he alone bag•gic;d fifty, amateurs are now definitely on the air with
hut the only list received 80 far is a badly nf'. We welcome them. and congratulate-
garbled press .despatch and we will have to them on the great :mccess they are having.
ivait for the mails--~ee next issue of ()ST. -K.B.W.
CBS is the only S.A. station ric;ported
heard at this writing, but he alone hag done
beautiful work. The following anrnteurs
report reception of CBS between May 21st
and ,lune 4th: British 20D, 5KO, 2UV, and Concerning Transcons
A. H. Fielding, .Birkdale, Lancashire; Cana-
dian lBQ i CB8 has heard him too}; U.S. 1' h_;oks ~,; if we starte_d something ,vhen
;JOQ ('first N.A. amateur to report a S.A.
stati.onl. 1.X:C (exchanged calls), lCI. lDZ-
LXA w;. 1AAC-1ZO. lALX, lCQK, IBIG,
I we da1med 1ER had done atmut the
speediest job of working a lot vf trans-
eontinental stations.
:;BWJ (worked him), 1XW (exchanged First eomes RGZ with a ('1aim that he
(,alls l. and C. A. Service, ,ir., Glastonbury, "rate~" the record for working six West
Connerticut. · ·
C-011;,:t stations in 1:,6 ·minute1, on one morn-
One 1,f the mo,1t remarkable of the Pan-
American stunts wa,; the transmission of n ing. His log· proves it, too.
rne,;sag'P uf greeting~. by the redonht<J.ble N0xt is i CMP who ;;ays that on 1>ecembPr-
.fr,hn Heinartz. from lXAM, whic>h was ;;irn- 1:3th in :!5 minutes he worked 6ALV. 1',BPF,
ultaneou;sly ('"pied b~• M.ajor R. R·:i.ven-Hart HCHL and i,AWT.
at Los Andes, Chile, Mr. C. Bra.l!.'g-io at Now then 1ER has thE' floor.
Argentine CB8. and Afr. J. Johotskoff, n "Y,:,u sure stirred up something- with
prominent ;oxperimenter of Rio de ,1 aniero, that piece in 'P.tray;,' b11t f'm afraid that.
Brazil. Thi" mes:,,av.e, addre;,'-ed to Maior mavhP ,:,1111 went too far. •rhat letter from
lta,•pn-Hart, l'>;;ad as follows: SGZ - i,;d my ret:vrd ;:lightly ht>tten,d, al-
thoud1 l don't e·.1ca,·tly CRll Columbus. ()hio,
THE /cMERlf'AN ,\iv!ATEURS EXTF,ND (iRRFT- the East Coast.
:!NG8 Tn 'rHEIR HR.OTHER ,\MATF,URS fN 80 I don't know how ynn happened to guess
AMERICA. 100 minutes 1,eeause .I think that v,hen I
REINART?:
told vou I ,aid two hours. But, the reaily
0

1\[aior Ra,;en-Hart ha;s b..;•11 doing excell- (unnv thinr: :,hout it was that ,vhen I 10~kPd
,:,1n i:eception in Chile. having ,-r,pietl on
un n1y log' I found it e.;•ndf11 J,_111 ;11i11,11,'.,<
April 16th tlw first Hmateur mes;uge <·ver fi'/lle.
,·ee'='ivN! in that ,c,,untry from the U .R. Here is a ,-,,py from my Ing .I.or the
i,rnct probahly the lirst reeeived in S,.11.1th morning of Deeen1be1· 16th, 1823:
Ameriea \, \,1'i11g an cscknowledgement :from 5 ::'0 AM EST- -\Vrkd i,7.AH-
cs::'l.:M of a eable :repol't r,f sig~ heard. For ( Cailed me ;;fter I dd another stn. :,
many months past he has been logging :i ::'.fi AM J;;ST-Wrkd nZBK-
N.A. hams, the list including· 1XAM. lXAH, ( Called me after l dd another ~tn. i
lMO-lXW. LA.JP. ::CXL, :;MB, '1XC. 5MI, f', :fiO AM EST- Wrkd i,AAK----
\lXAX Uihont the most .-,onsistent:,. 9CF.
1. Raised on H CG!)
(Canadian'!). Canarlfan lAR and llA L. and
numerous of the higher-powered short-wave fi:10 AM EST-Wrkd tiXAD-
,:•omrne:rcials. At least one Chilean amateur i Called him on his CQ)
framm1itter was on the air !'or the tPst.s. 1,::1fi AM EST-Wrkd 1-iAWT-·
CAF. operated hy Mr. Falkenbere: a;s S,;n- i Called him ,,n his CQ)
tiago, u,;ing two GO-watters on ·wavPs l.,e- 7 :00 AM EST-Wrkd HCKR-
twec·n 100 and 125 meters. ; CHllt>d him ()tJ hfo cq)
Mr. .fonnt.skoif i.n Rio 1·eports w,t. ••nlv
:-;XAO, ::RK irnd other \ me1·ican eqlls lnit Si1,eerely,
:French 8AB ;;nd Pthf:'r ~~uropeans. incin<linp: P. F. Hadlock, lER.'.
,July, 1921 QST 2!)

My Key Thump
BySXV

T is in the depths of despair that I be- listening and could not be damaged. I did

I .du this chronicle. Yet the truth must

F,e told: l cannot die knowing that my
name and my eall will be an anathema
t.o all self-respecting hams.
I ask for demecy for the foolishness of
it, though the local radio store offered me a
commission to keep on wrecking ,,ets.
The next incident of note came from
5PPP, another local ham. He had been off
the air while my click grew to a thump and
youth that does not reek of the consequences when he came back to the key he was
-·--but J am waxing incoherent as I realize amazed to find that he could not hold his
that I must sacrifice myself to undo the fones down on the table. With character-
evil I have accomplished. Let me begin istic ingenuity he attached a long cord to
with the story. · the headset and every morning took setting-
It started with so incoherent a device as up exercises by wrestling with the leaping
a Western :Electric ";J" tube used for (J.W. headset.
transmission. It started because I used a One morning 5PPP was found lying near
battery supply for the sake of its wonder- the radio set he loved. He was quite dead,
fully clear note. As I write this l am seized his neck wa::; broken.
with a desire to scream-to throw the ink- There were no marks on him and every-
well violently; I am near insanity and only one a;;cribed it to a weak heart, assuming
by a great effort am I able to keep to the that he had fallen off his chair. But I knew
train of thought. ,Judge accordingly if better-I had before me a vision of the
this record wanders. dread activity of the headset when my key-
As time 'Nent on the output of my sta- thump was in tune-and I had transmitted
tion increased and with it my infant key- that morning.
click gradually became more pronounced You may imagine the days of terror that
and more evident, though it was but in the I spent with the horror of discoVf•ry hang-
infantile stage. I did not realize the mali- ing over me. No one realized the truth
cious thing f had ::;addled myself and my but there was no prophecying when .it
town with and determined to use n.C. on would come out. 'l'his was my acromplish-
the plates of my new and larger StiJt or die ment, my own fault.
in the attempt. How fate mocks me--now 1 However, now things reached a conclusion.
must in truth die in the attempt. I have built a duplicate of my antenna-
For a time the new set used an A.C. ostensibly for E•xperimental purposes hut
supply and the key click went to nothinp.-. adually to .:~apture my keying-thump and
Hut opportunity eame sooner than ! ex- to destroy .it. At first l did not eealize
µected in the way of a reiatively good price the strength of that which I had developed.
f>!l a fine little 500-volt motor-e:enerato,: My first attempt resulted in a two-week's
s.-t. I t(l(•k it~·-Heaven forg:iveme. ;;tay in the .local hospital and the eomplete
destruction of one side of the shack through
My key click was now weak from lack
of exercise but nnwittinglv 1 did everv- which I had been violently propelled.
thing in my power to inerease it. . . I have now improved my equipment and
The first evidence ()f my success came [ "hall '2:0 violently into the unknown (and
from a friend who l,1·ought over a pair of la,;t) :adventure with the ,mrety that I
strangely twisted telephone diaphragms- ,,hall take my key-thump with me.
my key click had punched them completely I have arranged a Packard transformer
t.hru the hole in the receiver caps. We to put its entire v0!tage throu.e:h me at
laughed over them and I accepted his words the in8tant the key-thump attacks and I feel
of praise :1t the µower 1 was putting out. positive that the 13,200 volts will completely
Truly pride goes before a fall. destroy both of us. ·with a free conscience
The next night the last tube in a ne.arbv I give my friends of t.he air an adieu and
broadcast receiver popped out of the :c;ocket 7:J. Perhaps also I can say "CUL," though
and broke itself thoroly against the nearby this is problematical for r' ::,:o as a martyr.
wall. F'ollowing t-his. accidents happened Be warned.
regularly until I that things had reached a
dimax on the evening when a new neutro-
dyne leaped from the table erashed itself
into bits against the phonograph .
.I (and others) knew the ;:auses of these
things-my key-click, which had now _grown
so that it was called a kev-THUMP!
Sn it came that I had to confine rnv trans-
mission hours to the early mornin·g- when
the 1,:.reat rnob of B.C.L.'s would not he
 ()ST .July, 1924

Oscillating Crystals
By H. S. Shaw~

Can you imagine a transmitter that never shifts its wave even a hundredth of a meter"? Can
)'OU imagine 1naking a schedule for 9tL:-3-8 meters and knowing that you will be right on that wave,
and knoW that the" other man will be tuned right to you? ,And C-'n you iina.gine getting from the
rf'...('...eiving operator a report that _during hours o'f operation the heat note in his phones never changed
even a particle? These things are pos~ible with the o5cil1ating crystal...--Technical Editor.

NYONE who has listened to short- iations at the niceiver, must be kept con-

A vrave. transmitters will realize that

the "dial acrobatics" needed to fol-
·low the beat-note do anything hut
aid reception.
stant. It is the purpose of this article to
indicate a way in which this may be done.
Crystal Resonators
Certain crystals, notably nochelle Salts
The rwcessity of frequency control has and Quartz, have the peculiar property of
been well shown by Dr. A. Hoyt '.raylor becoming charged electrically when they
in his article "The Navy's Work on Short are compre:,;sed or stretched in eertain
·waves" in the May issue of QST. In the directions. On the other hand, they change
same issue there was an article on "Sta- their shape slightly when they m'e placed
in an electrical field. 1f such a s.'.rystal is
vibrated mechanically It will produce an
alternating voltage. If it is put into an
aiternating electrical field it will. of course,
vibrate. These ad.ions are ea lied "Piezo-
Electric Effects" .
.Piezo-electric crystals have been used ex-
perimentally in various ways, such, for ex-
ample, as for telephone transmitters and
receivers' and for under-water :,ignalling,
hut the thing which is of most interest t-0
us here is the fact that quartz crystals may
be made to vibrate at radio frequencies.

Dr. W. G. Cady. \Vesleyan University, Who

Did Some of the Earliest Work \Vith Crystal
Osd11ators at Radio Frequencies.

tion Efficienc;y" by S. ISruse in which the

{1dvantages 01: constant frequency are men-
tion<'d. Its !clta:i,uneut i:; far from easy,
1iuwever, as will he realized whi>n we stop
to think that at 201)1) kc. ( 150 meters I a
l/10% frequency variation means a <'hange
of 2000 eyeles in the beat not,, at the re-
f'f'iver. Swinging antennas and dia111<es in
plate voltage are· almost sure to ea use surh
l,hanges. (Anyone doubting rhat ,rnch
.chang.es are at. all scarre i,.; · asked to trv Fig. I
,'opying on a windy night from a statioii Por an aec,mnt of early work with ,4uartz
using direct current ·11iate supplv.-···-'reeh. crystals, partirularly as "resonators'' or
E~) . . .
radio frequency ,;tandards, the n,ader is
Frequency ehauges are quite difforent referred to an article hy Dr. W. G. Cady
from "fading," whkh is a variation of the .in the ..'\ pril, 1922, issue of the Proc<"edings
{'iWryy received from a distant station. of the L R. E. Later Dr. G. W. Pierce of
Fading is very little understood and almost Harvard University ·worked on the develop-
,,,ntirely beyond our control. Frequency ment of quartz-crystal oscillators, publish-
c:hifts (what we amateurs call ''swinging") ing a pappr on the subject in the Proceed-
are understood and can be eliminated. This ing c0f the American Academy of Arts and
means, of enurse, that the frequency of Sciences, O<'tober, 1923. On ,Januarv 25.
the transmitter, and also of the local oscil- 1924, he sent uessag-es from lXJ, at -Har~
·*'rrP~~nr,:-r. General Radio Co vard, to his house in Cambridge and to a
itg,:;e Nicoison~ Trunsattions A.l.E.E., XXXVIII, 1467. nearby town.
July, 1924 QST 31

A Standard Frequency Oscillator is supplied by the plate circuit. From this

Up to about this time the principal in- it will be seen that the action in a crystal
terest in crystal oscillators lay in their use oscillator is si.milar in principle to an
as frequency (wavelength) standards, for ordinary oscillator except that in the latter
which they are almost ideal, because they the crystal is replaced by a tuned circuit,
are so permanent and so little affected by which determines the frequency. This is
temperature or other changes. Fig. 1 where the trouble with the ordinary oscil-
shows a laboratory frequency standard lator comes in, because anything which may
which has been developed by the General change the tuning of this circuit, as, for
Radio Co., using a receiving tube, which example, a swinging antenna, will change
gives plenty of output for this purpose. the frequency. Changes in :filament or plate
The crystal element is mounted in a holder voltage are also likely to change the fre-
which may be seen plugged into the panel quency tHi'cause of their effect on the im-
at the upper left hand side. with a coupling 1wdance of the tube, which is in parallel
coil at the right. While the word "crystal" with the tuned circuit.
has been em- 'rhe beauty
ployed a mun- of a crystal
ber of times o s c i 11 ator is
above,. it is that the fre-
generally only quency is de-
a small portion termined e n -
of a crvstal tirely b y the
which i s· ac- dimensions o f
tually used in the crystal, so
a n oscillator, that it is pos-
t h i s p,,rtion ,;i/Jle, (within
usually e o n - limits w h i c h
sisting of a will he men-
thin slice <'Ut tioned later).
out of the cry- Fig. 3. Stages in the Finishing of a Quartz Crystal. to ·rn a k e a,ll
stal in a plane A-Rough Crystal; B-Oscillator B.a.nk; C--Low Frequency .so rt.~ o f cid-
parallel to the Oscillator; D-High Frequency Oscillator; E-Mounted } a, s t ments to
optical a x i s, Crystal. the .~et a,nd to
and carefully t h e· ltntenna,
ground and polished. 'Phe form used in the without having t'tny effect whate-ver on the
laboratory instrument mentioned above is a frequency. lt is ii no·ve/. a.nd cel'tninly a sat-
disc about an inch and a 4uarter in fo/ying e,;perience to opera.te n set wnd be
diameter and a sixteenth of an inch thick. nhle to /urn a, conden.~er or two, change the
'rhe uncut (crystals vary g-reatly in 1:,ize, couvling to the nntenna, o,nd do 1.1arious
from very :,;mall ones to those which weigh ot.he·r lh-in,qs 1!,ith the kno·wledge that if
/.here n/'e nuy OIH>illa-tfons at all, they c1.re

I a.lways of the so,,ne frequency, nnd /.hat

,wtlcin!f i1:1 diangin,q ex,;ept the output or
the efficiency.
It has been stated above that adjust-
ments may be made "within certain limits"
without changing the frequency, the rea-
son for this statement being that most
erystals ean be made to ot,;dllate at either
of two I or more) frequencies, it being pos-
sible to se/at the desired one by properly
proportioning the drcuit. Fortunately the
frequencies of any particular crystal are
usually well separated, ·as :for example 1176
and 121.3 KC. (about 255 and 2-175 meters)
in one rnRP, so there need be little difficulty
Fig. 2-A Mounted Crystal on this aec-ount.
many pounds. It is nece:;sary to use crystal 1XAU's Crystal Transmitter
quartz, the fused variety being inactive. About the first of April of this year I
decided to build a erystal transmitter to
How Crystal Oscillators Work see how it would work at high frequencies
In a piezo-electric oscillator the erystal ( short waves) ·where I knew that constant
is placed in the g-rid drcuit of a tube. :l'r-equency was particularly important. This
The variations in the, potential of the v,rid tran~mitter, which is shown in F'ig. 4. con-
(which are necessar-v to sustain oscilla- sists of a wooden framework and shelves,
tions) are produced. by the alternating on which various parts may be conveniently
E.M.F. of the crystal. The vibrations of mounted in experimental work. In this case
the crystal are maintained by energy which it set up with two !'i-watt tubes, using a
 QST ,July, 1921

<::ircuit which was suggested to me hy Dr. assurance that ,vhatever dse b done the
;r. M. Miller and which .b shown in sche- frequency will remain the same if there
matic form in Fig. 5. Most of the parts are any ,:,sdllations at all. 'fhe ,:,nly way
are exactly the same a,; would be usetl in to change the wavelength is to grind down
nn ordinary :set and therefore do not re- the erystal. The only other adjustment3,
•quire any r.omment. fn experimental work aside from filament and plate voltages, etc.
it is important to have enough meters and are the tuning of the antenna and the
in this ease there are four-•filament rnlt- •c"c>Upling, both of which should be made for
meter, plate voltmeter, plate milliammeter maximum antenna <'.Urrent. At this point
:rnd. antenna ammeter. A.n R ..F'. choke is I should like to say that I believe that ama-
placed in series with the grid leak and is teurs ( and others a~- well) i;hould be ,-'n-
~'- ppa rently quite essential.· 'l'he 1:rystal is couraged to use coupled circuits in their
mounted between two parallel brass plates, transmitters. thus minimizing the effects en'
key-clicks and harmonics. The .latter are
11.hout an inch and a quarter in diameter, particularly in ,:,vidence in the region from
vrhic>h in this ease are adjustable as to ;:;ooo KC. up (100 meters down l which, is
spacing, t.o allow for the nse of crystals infested with harmonics of broadcasting
,.if different thicknesses. 'fhe adiustment and amateur ;,i;ations.
of these plates · ln the <'.as e
is usually n o t of most crystals
·eritical when a which I ha v ,,
,z,rvstal b used t r i e d, a very
in'· :.c loW-I;JOWer appreciable time
,0,et, as with a is required for
receiving tube. the oscillations
lt being neces- to build up, so
,,,:uy mi,relv to that it is neces-
a l f o w a ,:"lear- sary to let the
.,rnce of 1.i few c-1•y;;tals o s e i i-
thousandths o f late eontinuous-
rm inch. so that ly, which mean:'\
the erystal can that it L; ·:1ot
vi hra te fn,dv. pussible to key
With a 5-watt the set in the
i n be, however, usual way; hut
there is usually I found that .in
a troublesome Fig. 4 my low - [Hiwc,1•
bru~h discharge, set it was per-
and sometimes a force which tends to make fectly satfafaetory to place the key in
the e;:ystal shoot out from between the the antenna. One of my crystals. however,
dectrodes, v,hich makes it necessary to pro- required ;;uch a >.mall fraetion of a second
Yide means for holding the crystal in to build up that it was pos::;ible to key it
po:;;ition. Most of my experience with erys- in the plate eireuit, although I think that
tals and 5-watt tubes has been at fre- this is unusual, most of the erystahi having
quencies in the neighborhood of :moo KC. a time lag of perhaps half a ,second or more.
( 100 meters), and such crystals ;;eem to
work best ·when there is actually a ,;light Transmission Teats
pre,;sure on them. Soon after t:'ompleting my transmitter l
It will be noticed that in the diagram of had an opportunity of trying it out under
Fig. r; the ouqmt drcuit of the tube is ad.verse eonditions. in some tests which I
tuned, and it is the adjustment of this cir- had arranged with lXAQ ( S. Kruse) near
euit which ;;elects the frequency c,nd de- Hartford, Conn., a distance of about 8:i
termines the power QUtput. Starting at a miles from my station <lXAU) at Newton
voint above the resonant frequency, if the Centre, Mass. C,mditions for transmission
capacity in the circuit is g-rndnally in- between the vicinity of Bo~ton and rna1iy
s'reased the output increases, -without points .in gouthern New England have long
,'1m11ge f•/ frequency, until at a point rlose been known to be unfavorable, aud they
i:.o i'Psonance the oscillations stop rather proved to bf, so in this ease-, for dgnals
abruptly. If the eapadty is still further from lXAQ, using two GO-,,v1nt lubes on
inrreased it may he possible to start o,;- about tiO(JO KC. 150 meters) W<'re not anv
dllations at t.he lower frequeney of the too ea;sv tn read ahov,:, a rather sevPr·e
crystal but, ,is stated sbov,:,, the frequen- backgri/und of slatie. Likewise thE' sig71als
cies ,ue apt to be rather widely spar,<'d, from my 1:rystal transmitter ,:,n about ":l150
in which ea;;e it woul.d be necessary to use KC. 195 meters i, with an output of about
another eoil of considerably larger induct- G-,,vatts frurn the t\vo i\-watt tubes. ,vere
,., 11<:e. "\Vhen t.he right adjustment nf this V\"ry weak at. Hartford. Notwithstanding
output drcuit is once found, whi<'h is an this, ,rnd ba(l. fading, test,; were carried 011
r·asy matter, it may bP left alone, with the for three eonseeutive nights. On May ::!1.J
July, 1924 QST 83

a -i9-word message, to be forwarded to 8idered and that is: When and where will
NKF, was handled. This message prob- crystals be obtainable, and what will they
ably bears the distinction of being the first cost? It is impossible at present to give
to be transmitted by crystal oscillator over definite answers to these questions, but it
a distance of more than a few miles, those is hoped that in the not far distant future
of Dr. Pierce, referred to above, being quite
local in character.
Quoting from a letter from 1XAQ he
says: ''The receiving conditions have so
far quite uniformly been the worst I have Quartz.
ever encountered, even in New England. CryJ·':_al
..,_,.,.
The only thing that made it at all possible
to copy your signals was their absolute
steadiness. Given the same signal strength
and the same amount of interference it
would have been perfectly impossible to
copy you, had you been using any other Ck1:111t u.red at IXAII /orr.perat,anwtl!: .:r-watt tu6eJ
sort of signal." FIG 5
In order to realize the :full advantage
of quartz crystal transmission a crystal
should be used at the receiver as well as crystals, properly mounted and calibrated,
at the transmitter and this may easily be will be available to experimenters at a
done in cases where it is not necessary for reasonable price.
Judging only from my very limited ex-
perience I believe that the most satis-
."" "~..,., .........
"""'" - ... .
.. ....................... factory and dependable form of crystal
transmitter will be one in which the cry-
'THE AMERICAN RADIO RELAY LEAGUE stal is used at low power, probably with a
receiving tube, the output of which is am-
• RADIOGRAM
P.lo1<1t1'Al'l-.~-
- ~._hl..!,t>_. ____ ~ ----····~
plified, as in the usual master-oscillator
arrangement. Another promising line of
development, however, is the use of the
,...__
ro
''
-' " - - - - - - - - - t>Aff .,.Iitl.J'.$'-....,......._~-VIA~~--~
crystal merely as a stabilizer or governor,
h,,.,,h f,:;,t htt'IT Qf thh, Uu¢h l'1'!'f""'""'•"~ 1" <lt>!\~~l.n<>r <>r
to control the frequency of an ordinary os-
!.>f rr"·1'-"'M!' .1,,~.. """ fut, l.i<)\fl ,,....... hfl.l"<:l ••U t0'1!1)', I\IU:'d \0 cillating circuit, in which case it should be
~?.:1 •~i'l\el:\ ""'" b•tt•r. llo "P't"t ..11t """"•'."' l" 53 wh•" N ,.., ...,.1;. ntt, possible to handle more power than could
~lllf !I! ..... ~ - """~ 1'\\l!. ~..a:ru ¢NB~-· ¢•HU&'H•r fro,;i l:UU \0 J..tAq 4U'IOt
be done with the crystal alone. It is
;:J:i•~:::.:. . ::::.::.=:.:;J~::::~:~~::~ realized that much development work must
still be done before a thoroughly satisfac-
tory erystal transmitter is produced.
From a technical point of view, this
the tuning of the receiver to he contin- article is, perhaps, premature, but I have
uously variable. •rake, for example. two
amateur stations which work with r!ach
other more or less l'egularly. lf one sta-
tion were supplied with a crystal of say
1500 KC. {200 meters), and the other with
one of perhaps 1501 KC., each crystal could
be used both for transmitting and as a
separate heterodyne for receiving, so that
eaeh station would, of course, have a 1000
cycle beat-note with the other, which would
certainly he a great advantage. I have
often thought how nice it would have been
if the "Bowdoin" (WNP) could have been
equipped with a set of crystals adjusted
to the wave lengths on which it was in-
tended to transmit, so that listeners might
have supplied themselves with crystals to
beat against these and thus .feel sure that
they were c.orreotly tuned, and that if they , ... , to change the wavelength, , .... grind down
did not hear WNP it was for some other the crystal
reason, thµs eliminating one of the big
uncertainties of reception.
written it in self-defence to protect myself
from the onslaughts of the •rechnical Editor
Problems for Experimental Work who has been on my trail for some time fot
A very practical point remains to be con- t.he story.
 !J4 QST ,July, 1924

Experimenters Section Report

NROLLMENT in the Section has Short-·Wave Wave Meters

E again increased during the past

month. Several men have given as
t;he reason for enrolling that they are
anxious to learn some of the things
The very great demand for ;,hon-wave
wave meters is at last beginning to be
stilled. '!'he General Radio Company is
ready to extend the range of their meters
that Australian amateurs use to secure such downward on special order, also they supply
effective transmission with low powe-r. An a ~hort-wave coil for the type 2i7W wave-
evim more popular reason is the desire to meter at. $:1.00, This cuil goes down to 50
find out what really g·oes on in a trans- meters and flhould be very useful in the
mitter working at ,;hort wavelengths. ·work of X stations.
The response to our sheet suggesting We believe that the ,Jewell Electrical In-
methods of logging experiments was im- strument Company also supplies its special
mediate and enthusiastic, only a few mem- amateur wavemetm: with a ;;hort v,ave
bers failing to respond. It is presumed range.
that they will get around to it eventually. Amateur Interference
The information on the Experimenters The members of this i,ection are ai;ked
Section is being sent to the secretaries to comment on the causes of amateur inter-
of all of the Affiliated Clubs. Club members ference with broadcast reception. "rhe
a1·e asked to see that their particular se,c- Editor of the section has become convinced
retary is given full eoi>peration. If the that alternating current plate supply causes
dub has a technical committee or a techni- very little of the difficulty and that it is
cai chairman his attention should be asked. mainly due to keying thumps. Carefully-
Audio Transformers Again made observations and experiments are in-
vited. ·
Our last request for information on the Radiation
design of 1000-f'ycle h·ansformers to use
in "maximum distortion" amplifiers at code Opinions and exoeriments are invited on
!stations fell pretty flat. Most of our other a good practieal · method of determining
inquiries have gone over in g-reat style but antenna field intensity with simple and in-
this particular one has 1·eceived one lone- Pxpemdve apparatus. Several ideas have
some answer. come to us and will be presented later.
What's the matter'?
Tubes and Sockets
Underground Communication From several ,;ources wti have received
Mr. :I. ,f. .Jakosky, Assistant E:ngineer .letters stating that detectors operate much
at the Bureau of lVfines 13:xneriment Sta- more effectively at short wavelengths if
t.ion in Pittsburgh, Pa., has been in .:charge no !socket is used; the leads being sc;ldered
of underground communication experimenti;
by different methods. Included in the pro-
~ram are tests by radio, by wired wireless
,,n the underground vliring, trolley wires,
rails and air piping. Some wm.·k will also
be done with 'l'.P.s: the French A.rmy vari-
Hy of Dutchen telegraphy. WHICH BATTERY SIMBOL ?
The report of the work already dpne can
he found in technical paper No, 277, "Ap-
plication of the Geophone to Mining Opera-
tions'' and report of investigations No. 2407,
Odober, 1922. These can probably be ob-
-1f--
t.ained from the Bureau or from the· Govern-
ment P1·inting Office at Washington. --11-\ !ixea
·-·il- /i;':':'(:\/·''
Mr. ,Jakosky would like to hear from all
others who have done underground com-
munication work. Work in receiving radio-
---{:::':'--1
-r--=-
phone broadcasting underground will of PRl::SEN r SUGGESTED
course bear on the sub,iect. · In a report of
this kind it is very essential to give the CONDENSER SYMBOLS
information ln g-ood detailed form, dis-
tances, wavelengths, power and the like
being i;riven as exactly ns possible. directly to the pins of the tube. Mr. ,Tohn
Mr. ,fakm;ky is primarily interested in a Miller, Engineer of the ,Jewell Electrical
portable transmitter and receiver having a Instrument Company, especially, has noticed
total weight of about 50 pounds. The power increased signal strength as a result.
supply will probably have to be of the The suggestion has been made that
storag'e battery variety and must he in- another small increase might he obtained
duded within the 50-pound limit. by removing the tube base and soldering the
,July, 1924 QST 35

loose wires directly to the tuning system

,is was done with the old audiotron. General Attention!
We will yery much appreciate careful
O many confiicti.ng reports have come
tests and measurements on this. It may
have an influence on our future tuners. S to us regarding various local situa-
tions on transmitting tubes that we
would like to have as many A.R.R.L. men
The Battery and Condenser Sy~bois
RS possible write ns as follows.
Having noticed that we and most other l. Address your letter "Concerning
radio magazines seemed to be in the dark Tubes," American Radio Relay League,
as to t.he correct use uf the battery symbol "J 04fi Main Street. ·r-rartford, Connecticut.
we have asked the American Institute of :!. Please discuss the transmitting tube
"Electrical .Engineers, which is the final supply ~ituation as ;vou know it, giving
authority in such matters, about it. '.l'heir
committee r,n standardization informs us exact dates, exact names of people and
that the symbol should be used as shown firms, also precise number and type of
below. This seems tail foremost to use but tubes involved.
the A.I.E.E. is the final authority and it a. Please do not discuss any other mat-
i;tands. ter in this letter so that this file may be
We have never been pleased with the kept clear.
symbol for the variable condenser and have J. Please sign your letter in full; do
not been overly happy about the one trned not make us go to the Call Book for the
for :fixed condensers. Comment is invited rest of the information.
on t.he suggestions herewith. The purpose of this questionnaire is to
clear up the tube situation :for the mutual
Concerning Harmonics benefit of ourselvi,s and the manufacturers.
Anyone who receives on a111ateur wave- Please answer ptoniptly: if possible have
lengths does not need to be told what an your <answer in the mail within 24 hours of
infernal pest the harmonics from broad- the time that you receive ')ST.
casting stations are. Many of them can be '.rhank you!
heard considerably further than the main
wave. Naturally ,;nough our own trans-
mitters produce the same thing and as we
go down into the lower wavelengths the
harmonics from 200 meter stations are be-
ginning to be very troublesome. Ham Conventions
There is gr·eat need for a tremendous
amount of \vork on g·etting rid of t.hese WENTY-FIVE A.R.R.L. men in Ft.
things in a definite fashion.
'fhe schemes that immediately ,wcur to
one are c,f course the use of the Meissner
T ·wayne have taken upon themselves
the t"esponsibility of hreaking the ice
and putting across the First Annual Hoosier
circuit, rejectors in the antenna system and State A.R.R.L. Convention, which will con-
more moderate use of plate voltage. All vene in that city on ,July 17th and continue
of these :-ichemes have their weakness and for three days.
therefore need investigating. This is a Among the many features planned are
rE>..ally live problem and one that should be trips thru the plant of the Genel'al Electric
tackled at once by as many of us as Co. and the Dudlo Mfg. Co. (makers of
possible. magnet wire), a big traffic meeting, an extra
big banquet and, to make things complete,
The Everlasting L/C Ratio the R.O.W.H. initiation.
There seems to be no end to this cnn- .All Hoosier Hams should rally to t.he
troversy about the proper size of secondary support of the gang at l<"t. Wayne. Con-
tuning condensers. Here is a splendid op- vention Headquaroors will be at the
portunity for someone to do some real Anthony Hotel. All correspondence in con-
measurement and test work. Such work nection with the meet should be addressed
would be dassic in amateur radio and to A. H. Barnett, corresponding secretary,
would serve an additional useful purpose in ~021/2 Masterton Ave., l!'t. Wayne, Ind.
shutting off all the windy and pointless
arguments that are being staged about it.
-S.K. Northern New York Get-Together
On Sunday, May 25th, at the Hotel Hul-
bert, Boo1wille, N. Y ., A.R.R.L. members of
northern New York to the number of 42
from Utica, Rome, Gouverneur, Watertown
and Boonville held their first annual assem-
bly. F. H. Schnell, traffic manager, and A.
A. Hebert. treasurer, from Headquarters,
addressed the gathering after the banquet.
Great credit is. due Ray Schweinsberg
36 QST J·uly, 1924

(8ADD) for getting the "gang" together town five times and then lined up again.
rmd for the success of the meeting. But the feed was sure PB.
Talks followed by Flewelling and by
First District Annual Big Success "WO" of 9ZN and also by 9XBA who used
Gathered in the Walker Memorial Build- t,, be "F.J" at UZN. Marco asked for a
ing at the Massachusett~'l Institute of •rech- sock to clean the blackboard with because
nology in Cambridge on Saturday evening, he didn't care to use his handkerchief.
May 17th, some two hundred amateurs, f• DWX i,•ot first prize in the liar's con-
BCL's and others enjoyed the usual fine test and then the gang {iSS'd out with high
First District banquet and get-together. In hopes for the next convention. "It started
arranging this year's J)'rogrnm the M.I.T. in the Central Division".
Radio Society was assisted by the Common-
wealth Radio Assn., Boston's big elub.
'fhe evening's program was opened with
a code speed contest conducted by "Ted"
McElroy, champion code man of the :First, NKF-lXAM Schedules
and was won at a speed of 89 w.p.m. bv
UCH interest is being displayed in the
"Billy" Hai!igan, lUL, A.R.R.L.. D.P.M.
for New Elngland, who citrried awav a
beautiful silver cup. •
M short wave schedules of NKF and
lXAM, who :-.re doing pioneer work
on the waves below 100 meters. These sta-
The banquet was all dolled up with radio
names that sound€<! right familiar. By tions have trans.::ontincntal range and on
the way, a eonsiderable_ gang from A.R.R.L. these waves can he heard at least two-thirds
Headquarters was in attendance. After of t,1e w-.y across the country at noon. The
the spread Mr. A. V. Getchell, president of following sche<lules run until Sept;:,mber.
the C,R.A., instrd.:.ced the t-Oastmaster, ,Joe 11:15 to 11:50 A.M., Eastern Standard:
Toye, not truly a radio man but a Boston NKF on 51½ or 52 meters, workir,g •.vith
newspaper feature writer who has done lXAM, which will he on some wave bt'!low
considerable broadcasting and who has a 40 meters.
wicked "line", and presented him with a lXAM als( has a schedule 7 :00 to 8 :00
~ouff Hong for his protection. Not know- P.M., E.8.T., with ir:._c, who · ~ill be on 56
~ng th~ Woulf from the Hong, ,Toe grabbed meters; and wi"h ~EB from ll:00 to 7:00
the thmg at the nodal point and started A.M., E.S.T.: 1 X -\Musing some wave liPlow
activities. The speakers included K. B. 40 mete_rs in 11 •. ases. 2EB '1as applied for
ry

Warner, A.R.R.L. secretary and editor of an X and wi:! al;:o drop to low waves if it
(}ST; H. W. Lamso'1 of the General Radio is seC'ured.
C,:i., who ilesrribed tbe quartz oscillator;
Traffic Manager Schnell; Major W. C. Bor-
rett. dDD, manager of the Maritime Divi-
sion of the A,R.R.L.; Lt. Comdr. Stanley
M. Mathes. U.S.N.; Prof. A ..E. Kennellv The Rr,yal Order of
of Technology and Harvard, 'red McElrov
and Billy Halligan; A.R.R.L. 'freasurer J. Transaclanti-: Brasspounders
A. Hebert; and Mr. Getehell.
Stunts an<l movies rounded out six hours
of fun, and then the banquet, the big annual
event of the F'irst, was over.
T HE Marlt me Division of the .:\.R.R.L.
has given birth to a new order, the
Royal Order of Trans-Atlantic Brass-
pounders. The idea ;;tarted when one of
The Illinois Convention the Maritime stations, lBQ, became well
By Beverly DmUey know for his transatlantic work. It was not
On May :nst, 165 Illinois amateurs ate .long before four more stations situated in
their dinners in relays because Wheaton. :Halifax and Dartm0uth (which are really
Illinois, was not fixed for t.hat kind of a the same city, being separated but one mile
mob. When they got all through the second by Halifax Harbor) were pounding brass
annual Illinois eonvention opened. across the Altantic. Having five stations
in the same city working Europe, out of ten
Talks by 9AA W, MJA, OZN and 9XBA in operation, it wa!'l decided (as none be-
followed. No use naming these men, as longed to the R.O.W.H.) that at the annual
aH oi' you know them by their calls. convention, to cause some fun and give the
During the afternoon an initiation was successful ones a mark of distinction and
held for the Rummy Order of Suckers show appreciation for the_ir good work, lBQ,
(purely Illinois outfit) but no one i~ot ar- lDQ, lDD, UBL and lAR should he duly
rested b~ause the_ Wheaton police (both of -initiated into the R.O.'r.A.B. '['he initiation,
them) are off aft.er twelve o'clock on Satur- caried out by "The Old Man," was the hit
day. Only one sad thing occurred, the out- of the convention. The remaining members
fit did not have a bible on which to swear of the Division, which numbexs some sixty-
in the initiates and had to use a Ford coil five thruout the three Maritime Provinces,
which was swiped during the proceedings. were green with envy, and the honored
After that· the gang walked around the five were not long allowed to strut around
July, 1924 QST 37

alone in glory. lBV was reported by PCTT gang were guing Btrong. Another distinc-
and was heard and called by g20D, but un- tion that Halifax holds fa that every trans-
fortunately missed the call and since has mitting ham is an A.R.R.L. man. Every
been away on a business trip, missing a i;ure Halifax station has done the transatlantic
chance to qualify. 1DT next came into fame trick with an inp·ut. of les,; than lOO watts,
and worked g20D, closely followed by lDJ, too.
The R.O.T.A.B. held a special session
, -,~ \ , MOTHER IWJFM lll'LOS\ON ! when British 2NM made a visit to Halifax
'.:~~~,P,-~\ in May, for the purpose of initiating him
z-4:.~:f.t:., and 1DT, !DJ, 1EB and 1EF. G2NM is
now able to initiate all Britishers who have
··~--~ - ~.'-----:\;~;~ worked across, and it is hoped the order~
will further the t;,"Ood feeling existing be-
..
,,. \\t~ 1··,1\~~
tween European and North American hams.
ClDD and g2NM on a recent visit to Hart-
ford, incidentally, initiated Tttaffic Manager
Schnell and Editor Warner as the first U.S.
members of the order.
To qualify for membership in the R.O.
T.A.B. one must first Ire a member of the
A.R.R.L.; secondly, one must have worked
Then !EB connected, and last but not least, a station across the Atlantic. Majo•r Wm.
the boy wonder of lEF worked 20D, mak- C. Borrett, of clDD, who is: Keeper of Ye
ing a novel record for Halifax, which now Records, would like to hear from all U.S.A.
holds the unique distinction of having 100% and Oanadian hams who are qualified :for
of her stations reported from Europe and membership, stating what station they
nine out of ten worked, and without the worked transatlantic, date, etc., so that
slightest doubt that this would have been data may be accumulated with a view to
100 % too if lBV had not been forced to making them members when opportunity
leave town at a time when the rest of the offers.

"PR R"
By A. L. Budlong*

N the night of May 17-18, despite the lines who had returned their question-

O some uf t.he most severe weather

ennditions e~perienced f?r months,
a hard-workmg crew of A.R.R.L.
stations, located along the lines of
naires.
During a severe storm in the early part
of February, when telegraphic communi-
cation was interrupted, attempts on the
the Pennsylwmia Railroad System, de- part of the Pennsylvania Railroad to trans-
livered cortectly ,15 out of 50 messages mit orders by amateur radio were a diMnal
from the four Pennsylvania regional head- faihire. Only one me,;sage--from Chicago
quarters at Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, t-0 Pittsburgh-got through. It was im-
Chicago and St. Louis to the main division mediately determined to weed out dead
points in the system. Ninety per cent de- material and then run a test with what
livery! All credit to the men who during was left.
that night performed a heart-breaking 'l'he first act was to send out a short form
task under the worst traffic conditions letter to all the stations on the original
imaginable, and thereby proved the value list furnished the Pennsylvania system,
of the operating amateur and the A.R.R.L. stating that only those who answered the
as a means of emergency communication. letter would be included in further emer-
. 'rhe story starts last fall. Every O.R.S. gency work, unless specifically asked. Only
m the country was asked to fill out a itbout liO statwn.q responded to the call,--
questionnaire, giving information that yes, that is meant to be sixty-hut these
would enable railroads to use amateur radio showed a sincere desire to work and an
for emergency communication. At the re- unquenchable enthusiasm to put over the
quest of Mr. J. C. ;rohuson, Supt. of Tele- job for the A.R.R.L., and with them form-
graphs of the Pennsylvania Railroad Sys- ing what is known as the "PRR gang"
t:em, all of the offices of that road were the plans for the test went on.
supplied with a list of those O.R.S. along
In April the writer attended a <.'IOnfer-
•Secretary, A.R.R.L. Railroad Elmergency Service ence in Philadelphia, called by Supt. of
Committee. Telegraphs Johnson for the purpose of
 (~ST ,July. 1n24

making: final arrangements, and at this 1.Sottthwesfcrn, .fieyior!---:-·;St.. L~~is: Six

meeting, attended by repre,;entatives from messag·es l.or l.ransm1ss10n. t 1ve trans-
each of the four Pennsylvania ;·egions, it mitted, and thr<'e answers returned. Power
wa,; decided to hold a test on .Mav 17. lehk g-ets the blame for the non-delivery
On that day messages were sta'.rted from of one of the original messages. One of
the four l'P15ional headquart.Prs offices, at the lost ;crnsw.. rs is Hi:-(•uunted for by the
Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Chicag:o and St. fact that :) ES, al TPrre Haute, IosL his
Luuis, addressed to, .in nil, ~(i divisional mast ,iu:-:t after r0ceiving his message.
ot· regional headquarters office,;. Axerage for the region, 8 uut of a possible
The messages were •.wstly i.n the form 12--G6.G6'f~.
of regular train orders, included numbers More messages were tltarted, and more
for accura('.;v ,·hecks, and r<!qufred an im- were delivered, than in the famous Presi-
m1:,diate Hn.swer in eadi ca.se. .A typical dent;;-Gov<'rnors Relay in 1922. fo addition,
message ran as follows: only one nig'.1t was used on the Pennsyl-

When The .Railroads Need Amateur Help.

"Phila. PR. May 17, 1924. wmia test.

tT. E. Rothe, .Divn. Operator
Care Supvsr. Train Service PRR Of course not all of the Pennsylvania
3ADE Phone Hbll.' 1400 ~!xtension 181 Hf~ang" eouJd participate. Many of the
H1;;-fer to Paragraph 446 pag-e 167 Phila Divn tim"' hardest ·,vorkers wc-rP not directly con-
table number !J of ~4.prll ~:7 1924. A.dvise how thi~
pHragraph re;ula in yonr ri'ply. 1·erned. HowevPr, m,r:,;;t of the "reser·ves"
i. n. Jones, Supt Telegraph & Sig>nais PRR. '' were on deck and ready to be of use. and
th•se men des,:-i•vp eredit also for untiring
The test officially 1,iarted at 11 :::io P.M. i,,vork.
E.S.T., May 17, ai1d · those located - in the
sections of the country mentioned may rP- Organization
member the very bad QRN, lightning and
high winds that maintained over 111,ost >f Thp,t•e ,..,,·e 1lP u(d/i'.rhd'' fJ.'P.llninl,nent,-.: ol
the region that night. In addition, pra,·- (/l!!f kind . . ~\ si;atia'n-is Iistel ~mly so long
tically all of the stations west uf Hanis- r,s the owner makes sincere ;:,fforts to do
burg, Pa., were handicapped by a power- his best. No arguments arlc' nserl to per-
leak which was so terrific that in some :c:uade a man to keep in the work; if he
cases reception. was impossible except in lag-s he is 11,;,tonw./:·icu//y rfropped,
spurts. The 11.nal score is as followf'\: While the 1,mergency work is a brauch of
Eastern Heµion-operating out of Phila- the Traffic Department, the emergency cmn-
delphia: Eight messages sent, 7 answered, mittee has been functioning independently.
93.75%. '.!'here has been some talk to the effect that
Central RetJ-ion-Pittsburgh: Five mes- traffic o.fficials were not enn:sulte<l in the
l'!ages sent and 5 answered, 100%. appointment of stations for the Pennsyl-
Northwe/:/tern flegion--Chicago: Seven vania test. The answer to this is, first,
messages for transmission. :Six trans- that there (ue 110 a.ppoinhne;;./.~, and proh-
mitted, and six answers returned. The 1,b/y will be none. Second, it must be :r.e-
missing message was to Crestline, where no memb-ered that ,n•ery O.R.H. had a, du:t..nee
station existed. 85.7%. to volunteer for emergency work hut many
July, 1924 QST !39

never even returned the original question- Northwestern Region: !iAA W, DAA V, !JDBF, 9DJZ,
l•AFY, 9MN, 9AKD, 9DVK, UBON, UEM, 8VT, 8BWR,
naires. A µ:reat many of those who filled .,;ZAG, SBN, 8UQ. ~GA, oCIE.
out the first form did not answer the form SuuthwPstern Rt.~fdon: HAAU, BPW. ~•EIS, 9DQU,
letter sent out with especial reference to nL~'. \lll.lH, i•RW, OES, i)WU, SANB, ,.r,z, 8BYN,
HEB, SCNR, l>HIJ, 8'.lC, ~NH.
the Pennsylvania test. It was plainly
stated in this form letter that if no reply Other Roads
was reeeived the man would lrn dropped.
It was impostlible to waste time correspond- 'fhis Pennsylvania test is a mark for
ing ·with a man persuading him to come (Jthers to shoot at. Work will be carried
in when he had shown no interest. on during the summer, and it is hoped that
The following are the stations at prest·nt next winter, in the event of an emergency,
in the Pennsylvania emergeney work: the A.R.R.L. ean duplicate the performance
of this preliminary Pennsylvania official
l']ast~m Rei,:ion: HBSS, :lHWT. 3lH~. :JOE, :\BW.f, test. '\Vork is now going ahead 011 other
RABX, ~HJ. iiAKI, :'lAE:N, :JGC, ~CCU, BAO\/..
SADE, :,ANJ, :IZM, :,ARP, ~BQ, :mm. ,,xE, bBFE, 1·oads, although at this writing no report
3QV, 8CCK, ::~•K. as to progress has been received. In this
C<>ntral Rei,:ion: ~AXN. 81,JB. 81>AJ. 8SR ,AMR. em?rgency eommunication work lies the
RATR, ~CYT, ~WY, ~AJ'D, ,mFR. 8CRC. i \L, :,vr.
!<CDC, 8GU, 8HYI, oOC, 80EO, xBRC, 8CEI, f<RVR, d· ance for every transmitting ham to prove
~LW, 8AUE. ~ASE. his worth. How are you going to show up?

Stopping The Key Thump

How To Get Rid Of The Thing That Causes 99% Of all
Amateur Interference
By James H. Turnbull, 2XQ*
ONSIDERABLE inter fer enc e is The problem is to find ,•nn1e way to slow

C eaused by the ,;o-ealled ''key thump''

hut what may intere:;t amateurs moi'E•
i,; the fact that whenever there is a
keying thump there is a great strain
down the rise of current. To those mathe-
matically inclined I give two references,
Chapters XI an<l XIV of "Electricity and
Magentii,;m," hy S. G. Starling. and various
on the tube u;hir,h may ,·educe its life by sections nf ":\ Jternating Cunent Pheno-
1w m;uch (M ,,0°/,,.
'.rhese "thu~ps" are mused hy huilding
up the antenna voltag:e too suddenly when
the key ls closed (and also to ;,ome ,•x-
t;,nt by improper phase relations in Che
drcuit). gxperiments ;,how that with an
average amateur antenna there will he 11
noticeabie "thump" if the full antenna
voltag;e is reached in Jess thrm .1 /;JO of a
,<econd after the key is closed.
A short te,st was run to show the in-
crea::;ed interference :ll'<)lll a ,,.tation oper-
ating with a keying thump. The strength
of the antenna field was measured at differ-
1mt waves on each Ride of the main wave.
Curve A of Fig. 1 was gotten when keying
in the grid drcuit with a. very large filter
condenser and no filter choke. Curve B
was secured when keying in the grid by
means of a tube m, suggested later in this
article. Roth C'urves were taken while an
automatic ke)r was making 10 breaks per u,a
second. FIG.I KEY-THUMP INTERFERENCE
(This does not represent the worst effects mena," by C. P. Steinmetz. While the
possible-not by a long ways. For r·>2ally problem can be 1:arried thru mathematically
vile .interference nothing sern1:; to be equal no g·eneral case can be developed.
to the popular stunt of keying in the r:E-nter
tap of the filament transformer. This is A.C. Plate Supply
a thing that should be outlawed-along with ln the fi: ;;t ease I shall consider the
direct-coupled transmitters.-Tech. Ed.) methods where transformer supply is used,
•Union College, Sohenectady, N. Y., Department of assuming that separate plate and filament
Physics. transformers are used.
 stat10n e:ustea.

40 QST July, 1924

Probably 25% of the sets using trans- It is possible to key the circuit of Fig. 2
formers are using ''raw A.C." or ".self in the mid-tap of the transformer (back
rectified" :supply. If an iron-core choke is of the choke at A) but this tends to
inserted in the mid-tap lead and the key strain the transformer insulation. In till
put into the plate transformer primary as A.C. pla.,te supply 81/Stem.<r keep t:LW(1IJI fror_n
shown in Fig. 2 keying troubles will be keying in the grid cirC'uit. Usually this
eliminated. We now have the reactance of will not cause any objectionable thump but
the transformer and of the iron-core to will throw huge voltages on the grid of
delay the building up of the voltage on the tube. The· grid me~hod of keying A.q.
the plates of the tubes. The time of the outfits is recommended m texts but expen-
ence shows that the •average amateur does
not use proper cii:cuit _constants. to . hav:e
correct phase relat10ns m the grid c1rcwt
for keying there. See "Vacuum Tubes as
Power Oscillators," by D. C. Prince, Pro-
ceedings I.R.E.; recent issues.
Rectified Plate Supply
Chemical (electrolytic) and heated
cathode (kenotron) rectifiers will be con-
sidered together. When no filter, or a small
filter, is used they are best keyed in the
primary of the plate transformer ras in
·fig. !t (Note the exception given below).

A''SELF RECTIFYING" i,ET THAT IS FREE

FROM KEY THUMP
FIG. 2
6-:rowth of the current cannot be calculated
readily since we have a change in the plate ru r:.'t.,,,r -- ;
impedance with a change in plate voltage.
~:7,~rt
JI[
.Experience shows that inductance:; of l½
t,o 4 henrys are useful. ( Such chokes may ! I · .· I, i ru.,,,,,..
be obtained from Acme Apparatus Co. and ! . . . ~1,t/r/Jf :
''
··-------------....i '
;,),i/:C1,TI/
ht·.;. /rr.:"'i::>

FIG 4- WHICH WAY TO KEY WHEN USING

A FILTER

,{k,;.~, Q;',;.',tr,:~ ....... -7,{>) 'l'hese t.wo rectifier i,ystems ean also be
_, ~ ~ .!., ~+- keyed by the methods which will be sug-
gested for motor-generator sets.
' -,.
,;:susuaL
····~1:·;z,'
\ 'T.},::::;.~\
- Y "··1Y
r Keying with Large Filters
Keying in the transformer primary will

RECTIFIED
P LATE
SUPPLY
ii:--=®~,~-
rrrrrrr----+;' -
t ;;; u:.,,ra,,s
work with 90 % of our rectifier-and-filter
systems-·•because they do not filter. If a
real iilter, such as the Ballantine "brute
force" type, is used this plan will not work,
The reason is that there is too much
out along with the A.C. ripple. When this
FIG :3 smoothing effect, and the keying is filtered
happens the dots and dashes no longer
Thordarson Electric Mfg. Co. or may be start and stop cleanly but have "tails"
built as described on page 21 of our August, which make t.hem hard to read. This is
1923, issue and ialso in the la.,;t few chap- one of the signs of a good filter-hut it
ters of '''rhe Amateur Builder" department tneans a change to the keying methods of
of QST.--Teth. Ed.) Fig. 5. (However, don't think you have
,July, 1924 QST 41

a good filter just because your signals Tubes as Grid Leaks

wabble.-... •'rech. Ed.) An ideal scheme, from the standpoint
of key-thump elimination, involves the use
"S" Tubes c,f a tube as a grid leak. This takes con-
The point-and-plane, or "S'' tube, can siderably more apparatus but allows all
be considered along with motor-generator sorts of flexibility in the grid circuit, and
supply, .for it takes an appreciable time to permits the easy use of I.C.W. and a sort
lower its rectifying impedance when plate of phone modulation that is nearly eom-
volt.age ls applied to i.t. The suggestions in p!ete, altho imperfect.
Pig. fi apply to "S"
t u b e s as well as
motor-generators.

Motor-Generator
Sets
In keying a set
s u p p I i e d from a
motor-generator we
have a two-fold ob-
ject. The first is
the same as before,
to k e e p "thumps"
from the oscillating
drcuit and the· an-
tenna; the se('ond is
to prevent high volt-
ages being fed back
into the generator.
Let n;e say here
that I have never
see a machine that
could be keyed suc-
cessfully in the field
c i r c u i t , despite FIG.5 h.EYING (3ENE.RATORS
claims that this is
the irleal way to key.
F'or voltages up to 1000 it is entirely sat- The circuits are given in Pig. 7. Below
isfactory to key in the plate drcuit. If is a table giving proper sizes of tubes te
pass the normal grid currents of oscillator
tubes. In probably half of the stations in
operation the grid current exceeds these
values hut it should not be so. The values
given provide enough grid excitation and
:for a given output the ti1bes will run cooler
than with larger grid currents. Incidental-
ly, with small grid currents the harmonics
seem to he much less prevalent. I cannot
justify this on theoretical grounds.

Proper Size of Tube to Use as Grid Leak

Oscillator Grid-leak
Oscillators Grid Current tube
1-4 c-:102 or 5m.a. One C-301A
UV-202 per tube or UV-201A
1-H C-303 or 15-18 m.a. One C-302
UV-203 per tube or UV-202
NorE: Wark k.ei; rapidlif. li)hc.!'e :'.r a, 1-2 C-204 or !35-45 m.a. One C-302
fk:,;/1over liJe. re/at/ 1s tiaS(116. 7ranJ/orm.er
J1t'littfe slu:'4•/i:/ he :2 ·.5- times yvur111'ate 1-'a/t"af'e UV-204 per tube or UV-202
FIG,6 TESflNG RELAY INSULATION
The filament of the keying tube can be
this is done a pure capacity filter is not heated by a battery, a separate transfor-
enough; a choke coil must be used as part mer, or a separate winding on the regular
of the filter system. Satisfactory schemes filament transformer. Whatever is used it
are shown in Figure 5. These schemes, of must be insulated for at least the penk plate
course, will also work with rectified supply. voltage and must be protected by chokes
 QST

made of 250 turns

of No. 16 wire
wound on :1 ½ to •-i
inch t u b e s. lf a
two-layer bank wind-
ing is :ised about
1.50 turDB will suffice.
0 n e choke is in-
serted in each fila-
ment lead.
As a hybrid adap-
tion of this a kene-
hon may be tried
with the cutoff (im-
pedance increase) at-
tained by the use of
:1 magnetic field.
I should be very
dad to hear from
;:;:1yor.e experiencing
twubh or noting \ll!. c,
usual results. (3
C4- i
Battery Plate [_,--

Supply
When battery sup-
t:'"
piy is used it is po;;-
sible to get thump-less keying by the Read also "Whv Inflict Keying 'l'humps on
methods giwn for motor-generator supply. Your ·:\'elghbors'/" in (/ST for July, 1923.

The Language of International Radio

By Henry W. Hetzel*

ADIO, the latest and most wonderful nomic, are becoming as much at home m

R
· of all . the children of Science, having
outgrown its swaddling dothes, has
almost overnight spanned oceans,
leaped geographical boundaries and
une country as in another. Problems of
state-craft, Pducation, sodal relations,
sdence and industry are arising which only
the coi.iperating intelligence of all mankind
joined continents together. The rapid ad- can solve. The increasing number and in-
vances being made in wireless transmission tensity of international eommunications-
and n~ception will doubtless soon put all ln travel, rnmmerce, diplomacy and the
parts of the dvilized world into elose and spread of eulture--are fast making an in-
intimate contact with one another. While ternational language an absolute necessity.
we now possess the mechanical means for The new era into which we are emerging
the instantaneous handling of messages, we and whose watch-words are interdependence
still lack one very imporant thing-the uni- and cooperation, finds the linguistic barriers
versal adoption of :,mme international lan- increasingly annoying and discouraging to
_,guage to be used in that intercommunica- real progress.
tion. 'fhe ideal in radio is one language 'rhus the question of a world speech for
understood by all within wave reach, no radio, big as it is, is only a phase of a
matter in what country the transmitting larger problem-that of an international
station may he. Those interested in radio language in general. It is inconceivable
a1aturally regard a world speech as an in- that the world will listen to separate solu-
~iispensable instrument to the full use of tions in connection with the ,;poken, the
1.·adio. printed, the written and the broadcast word.
Whether we like it or not, all must admit All interested in the use of radio will there-·
that the peoples of the world are coming fore naturally wish to nequaint themselves
into eontact---even an enforced one-with somewhat with what is generally known as
one another more than ever before. Great the "I.A.L. Hntemational Auxiliary Lan-
movements. philosophic, ethical, and eco- guage) Movement".
Latin was, c•enturies ago, the common
*S<:i:retary~ Philadelphia E~peranto Society. , hi,:le for European culture, but ev1m the
,
0
.July, HJ21 QST 43

most case-harde11,•d dassicist ·will admit of Esperanto tlwy have (·E-ntered their
that, in t,rder to adapt it t.o modern needs, udivities more upon putting the inter-
Latin must undergo some changes. lf il nat.ional tongue into immediate and inten-
is to be the world spee"h of tomorrow, as sive use, Le!Jeving that its successl'.ul func-
has ;,o often been proposed, and especially l;ioning makes for it the ,,trongest argu-
if to get there it. must win against ii:s ment. They do not deny that improvements
simpler and more logieal competitors, it in the language are possible; they have,
must submit to such a wholesale alteration on the· contrary, always professed a will-
of its grammar and extension of its vocabu- ingness to ,mbmit to the judgment of a
lary that none of the friends ,,f such a properly constituted body of world experts.
"Latin" would dare to propose that it take but only after the language shall have been,
the place ,;f Caesar and Virgil in our in principle, a""epted hv the highest inter~
schools. n~tional authority---let .is say, the League
'fo take one of the existing national of Nations-and Lhe verdict approved by
tongues, say French or English, would in- the civilized world generally. Even Ih:,
volve us in nearly or quite as much diffi- Zamenhof himself held this view until his
culty, and such a tongue would have the death a few years ag<,.
further disadvantage of being decidedly un- The average person of intelligence needs
neutral - too much tinctured with the no argument to show that a simple, neutral
national i,haracteristics, psychology, and language for international use is desirable;
even :,,. ,._;udices of the countries w!-.ere it he is only skeptical of its practicality. Por
i,; native. Its adoption would confer so the penmn who aumits the possibility of a
gTeat a diplomatic, eommercial. political world speeeh only for some far-in-the-
and cultural advantage on one ct>rtain group fu~ure U~opla, there is abundan~ convincing
of nations as to maii:e such a proposition evidence m the use already attarnPd by one
absolutely intolerable Lt, others. The o! these. An international language is pos-
",vorid democracy'• will insist upon m,t1- sible becau~e at least one of them already
tralitv even •ri its ehoice and use of a
vehicie of thought.
is with m,, and functioning too. Here we
must "~-eak of 1<::speranto, :for, whatever
'fhe probl1:m of findin1; or E'\fo!ving a may be the linguistic superiorities of Ido
simple, logical, easily learned and neutral or.. any 0th.er proJect, the former has at-
language-not to displace existing national tained by far the greater degiee of actual
tongues, but to i:;erve as ''R second language use. To b~ sure, any accepted synthetic
for all", :for internation&! purposes solely language with a sufficient numl:e,· of users
-has giveri ::ise to m:iny projects t0 meet would have done :as well, given, of c,,urse
th J growing v. orld need. A.t ieast a hun- the same measure of idealism which ha~
dred have been brought forth within the always eharacterized the Esperanto move-
last tw') centuries. With the ('Xception of ment.
two or three, all of these have remained . •rr,urists have found Esperanto uf con-
only projects, attracting a brief attention siderable help. This may not sound signifi-
as linguistic euriosities merely. cant to the reader who ean "g-et along in
Without doubt the best known of the:;e Euro~,e on Ji]nglish alone". He can ''g,ot
exceptions is Esperanto, given to the world along , but the person who can merely do
in 1887 by Dr. L. L. Zamenhof of Warsaw. t~is must limit his conversation to waiters,
It at once attracted an interest that was ticket sellers and porters. Thousands of
more than academic and in a few year,; it travellers, knowing no tongue but their
had far outdistanced its competitors both own and Esperanto, have visited oth r 0

as to the extent of its literature and the countries, finding that to the Esoeranti;t
number d its adherents. Twenty years ~lo11e belongs the joy of_ meeting foreigners
bter appeared "Jdo" ( literally, "an .,,jf. (as many as one has time to meet in any
spring"), the work of :;everal linguists and .iourney or in any visited eity, and intelli-
scientists l't>presenting {or (•laiming to gent, well-educat.ed folks, too) with whom
ri:-present) a number of learned sodeties they :nay converse _with a linguistic equality
and universities of 'r~urope, and who that 1s never expenenced when any national
favored certain changes in Esperanto. 'fhe tongue is the medium. In at least a dozen
differences between this "reformed" and big eities of Europe there are Esperantist
the ''primitive Esperanto" eannot be touched policemen, :;pecially trained to he of service
upon in this brief article; the interested t.o the traveller. The stay-at-home, particu-
reader is referred to the recent hnok hy larly the student, finds Esperanto a means
Prof. A. L. Guerard, "A Short History o·f of broadening his acquaintance with the
the International Language Movement". whole world. Correspondence, all the way
ldo elaims to be simpler and more inter- from stamp collecting and the Pxchange of
national in its orthography, more logical illustrated pm;t-rnrds up to highbrow· rlis-
in its choice of root words and more precise eussions of philosophy, scientific matters
in its grammar. Esperantists do not admit and world politics, is quite extensive, as
these daims generally, and while perhaps may be seen by anyone glancing thru the
less insistent upon the linguistic perfection correspondence columns of the journals--
44 QST July, 1924

now about one hundred and twenty regular- you cannot tell the .Englishman from the
ly published in the language in all parts Italian, or either from the Russian, and
of the world. Of original works and trans- the laughable mistakes t.hat are made in
lations, many of them from the master- such guesses at nationality are among the
pieces of every civilized tongue, there are commonplaces at gatherings of this kind.
several thousands. Instruction books and However, before formally adopting any
dictionaries have appeared in at least international tongue the world will natural-
thirty-eight languages. ly inquire bow easily one may learn it.
In addition to its already demonstrated Let us take, for example, the Commercial
utility for veneral commercial purposes, Congress which met in Venice in April of
F:speranto his a special field for advertising last year. Here were over two hundred
the fairs and expositions, which, in spite official delegates from twenty-three different
of the ravages of the recent war and the countries. representing eighty-nine Cham-
blunders of" diplomats, are doing a great bers of Commerce, thirty tourist associa-
,;ervice in bringing together the business tions, twenty-one national fairs and over
men of Europe." To name only a few re"cent sixty industrial federations-lmsiness men,
examples. the fairs at Paris, Lyons, Frank-
fort, Bresiau, Leipzig, Padua, Heisingfor.s,
Prague, Reichenberg, Genoa, and Valencia
have extensively employed Esperanto.
International Congresses for professional,
t·eligious, scientific or diplomatic purposes,
have felt the diversity of tongues to be a
serious handicap. Compared to the usual
gathering of this kind with its inevitable
division · .into mutually uncomprehending
groups and its restriction to two or three
•"•official" languages, a Congress of Esper-
antists stands nut in refreshing contrast.
There have heen fifteen of these since 1905
attended by as high a,; live thousand dele-
gates :from as many as forty-three different
i;ountries, representing nearly as many
nationai tongues. Here, in the international
language entirely, and therefore with no
interpreters, is carried on the entire week's
program and this includes all the formal ad-
dresses, chance discussion and unprepared
remarks. 'rhere is usually a play and a
musical evening, perhaps an opera and even
a vaudeville show--to say nothing of many
you see, and not visionaries-conducting its
excursions and informal sudal gatherings three-days' program entirely in Esperanto.
•····•-alld not a word from any national tongue Now the point of this paragraph is that
heard thru it all! During the week, too, several of the speakers and other participat-
there have been held a dozen or more "side ing delegates obtained their whole knowl-
Congresses'' of tea<:'hers, editors, Red Cross edge of the language on the journey thither!
nurses, physicians, ve~etarians, railway Many a person has learned the whole gram-
(,mployees, :,;ocia!ists, religious groups-to mar in an hour.
name only a part of the list--eaeh group
having its own meetings. Here the dele- 'fhe benefits of a universally adopted
gat'es · "talk shop", with no uncomprehend- auxiliary language are incalculable, and the
ing auditor, with perfect geysers of techni- world is beginning to recognize the extent
cal terms too, and with a vigor and a to which the I.A.L. movement has pro-
naturalness that are only paralleled where gressed. 'rhe Report of the League of
everyone speaks the same mother tongue. Nations (1922) on the extent t.o which
Esperanto is already used, taught and given
Naturally radio users will ask, "Can a official approval is an interesting document.
synthetic language be so constructed that Peace Associations, the International Red
national peculiarities of pronunciation will Cross, the International ,vomen's Suffrage
not show themselves? Will there not be Alliance and dozens of similar organizations
Inevitably a Prench, a German and a have already taken action; in most cases--
Spanish accent? Here the testimony of as with t.he I<'rench, Italian and British
actual experience is unanimous and mn- Associations for the Advancement of Sci-
phatic. Even the chance visitor to an ence and the :radio associations of at least
Esperantists or an Idist Congress is struck three countries-·- the endorsement being
with the remarkable uniformity with which g·iven to Dr. Zamenhof's creation. But the
the words are pronounced. It is absolutely scientists, scholars, business men and
true that as far as speech is any indication hu~,anitarians who are giving this broad
July, 1924 QST 45

subject their serious study will not be ternational language, everywhere in use,
stamped by the success, however, remark- will be one of the realities of the very near
able, of any project. As to linguistic de- future. Naturally the world of radio will
tails, there is still 1·oom for discussion. be keenly interested in the movement and
One thing seems certain, however; an In- i.ts outcome.

because they are shunted by the capacity

Jhe Receivin.g of the telephone cord.
The dimensions for the choke which
0..x1~erimenter are given need not be followed very close-
ly; in fact almost any single-layer coil
l'LL MAKE. THIS WORK IF with plenty of fine wire in it will do. Hon-
IT TAKES LL SU"'1"1ER. eycomb coils are usually quite worthless
for this purpose.
When the Receiver Howls
Many receiving sets howl on the slight-
est provocation. This is almost always
due to excessive inductance in the plate
circuit. In the case of a set using a
CoNDUCTED BY S. KRUSE, TE.CH. Eo. tickler the cure is to remove turns. When
The Telephone By-Pass using a variometer one can remove turns
We are constantly beseiged with d,ia- from both the rotor and the stator or use
grams of receiving sets that refuse to os-
cillate because the builder has entirely
neglected to provide a telephone by-pass
condenser. Such a condenser should al-
ways he provided, should have a eapacity
of at least .001 microfarads, and had bet-
ter be of mica. This last is not very im-
portant, however. It also helps Lo put a
condenser aaoss the B battery. In this
case the condenser should be large, one
microfarad or more. Be :;mre to use a
i~ood condenser because leakage here will
ruin the B battery.
The Choke Coil in a Reinartz Tuner
The Reinartz tuner is frequently ac-
cused -0.f not working correctly when no-
thing is wrong but the lack of a radio
frequency choke. It must be remembered
that the Reinartz tuner uses shunt feed EXPERIMENTAL TUNER OF H. M. McCLURE,
ANN ARBOR, MICH.
Note especially the absolute accessibility of
/find'. w1tl1 D. G.C arS C:C.,. ,.:ny .:r/z.c.~ from !Vt-;- 2tJ everything in the 3et.
to Jva .36 2 ..fr1 /ll.!'rS -c,-?e /.-7yer ,1r ·:,,::-r,'F'r!btedu

CHOKE FOR REINARTZ AND OTHER

SHUNT-FEED TUNERS

and that it is necessary for the radio fre-

quency current to go through one path
while the direct current of the B battery
goes through another path. 'rhe direct
current is kept out of the plate coil very
satisfactorily by the plate condenser but
most tuners make no decent provision for
keeping the radio frequency current out
of the phone circuit. It is not satisfac-
tory to depend on the telephone receivers
46 (1 ST ,July. 192,1

a J:'otor that does not fit the stator so tuning it; spread over the condenser scale
elosely. inste11d of being bunched at the lower
Excessive resistance in the secondary c-nd. .
r,ircuit will aimost ulwavs cause H set to "Blank Places" on Your Tuner
go in and out of osciilation very violent-
ly. .!n such eases the ''howling point'' V t'l'Y. frequently we hear the complaint
is always ,-lose to the osdilating point and chat -a tuner will not work at one particu-
lar wavelPngth although it will work both
the set becames very unpleasant to handle. ahovP and helow that wave. The reason
The cure b to lower the resisbnee ot fol' this is ;Jmost always that the dead
the secondary circuit by using a good coil wavelength is the natural wavelength of
and fa good ,:.,ondenser and coupling it
lr,oseiy to the antenna. After that the
necessary 1-:hunting condenser t<hould be
put into the pl.ate drcuit as indicated in
another paragraph in this series.
The Size of the Secondary Variable
Condenser
For broadcasting reception, in fact for
all the ordinary uses of citizen radio, the
.001 microfarad eondenser is too large.
If it is used the :secondary coil must be
niade too Rmall or else all of t.he tuning
wiH be done at the first part of the ;;cale', CURING A TUNER THAf HAS ''DEAD PLACES"
which means that everything is crowded
together. the antenna circuit. The difficulty ean
l:<7 or broadcast reception the most gen- he gotten around by ehanging the p1:imary
erally useful i:ondenser is the .0005 mi- tuning or dse loosening the coupling of
erofararl i:ondenser but this ·is too large the antenna to the Recondary. When a
for amateur work unless the plates are tuner is provided with a coupling adjust-
partly eut away at the lower end of the ment having plenty of range, nothing else
scide, or rather at their entering edges. is required. In a tuner with fixed coupling
'rhe method of doing this cutting was the result may be gotten by eutting .in
shown in ''Low-Loss Tuners" in our Feb- a small fixed condenser. One of the little
ruary issue. If it is desired to cover only "pol"tage stamp" condensers will do very
the range from .l 50 to 220 meters this nicely. The capacity to be used must
can he done very nicely with a .00025 be found by experiment and will be some-
without the necessity of tapping the coil. where around .0002 microfarads. 'fhe effect
Since this condenser is cheaper it should is simply to shift the dead wavelength to
certainly be used. :,;nme other point where it is not annoy-
Still smaller condensers can be used very ing at the moment.
conveniently in amateur work as has been
shown by seve.ral articles published re- High Resistances
cently. Special attention is invited to the many
possible uses of several new types of re-
The Size of the Anten:na Tuning sistances, ,;specially the variable resistance
Condenser <:ailed the "Bradleyohm" and the very ex-
In single circuit tuners or in eoupled cellent fixed "Lavite" resistance sold hv
tuners having an antenna tuning conden- the Crescent Radio Supply Company, a11ct
ser, we g"'nerally find that a iieedlessly finally to the "Cartridge" resistances manu-
large and expensive condenser has been factured by the Daven Radio Company.
used. No very great tuning effect is ob- Each type has its advanta,ges. Such
ta·ined until the capacity of this condenser units .a re useful as eoupling resistances in
is made as small as that of the antenna. a resistance amplifier, as audio transfor-
Practically this means that a .00025 mi- mer shunts, :for regeneration e;:,ntrol, and
(•rofara<l ,·i:,ndenser. .is about the largest a lot of other purposes that will be thought
that ,ihould be used. If the primary coil of.
has taps and a switch, an ordinary three- 'I'he Bradleyohm ean also he used as a
plate vernier is about the right thing to variable grid leak resistance i.n a small
use. However, make sure that the use transmitter.
of such a small condenser does not leave Tilte.d Antennas
gaps which cannot be reached with the About a dozen different folks have made
:switch in any po;;ition. to us the daim that they can get a direc-
The advantage of using a small series tional effect hy tipping the. top nf an an-
condenser is that it enables you to use tenna hy means of ropes connected to the
mo-re of the primary, which results in ends of the spreader. This performance
sharper tuning. In addition to this, the is supposed t.o eliminate one station and
July, 1924 QST 47

bring in another when that thing cannot be

done with the tuning controls. F'rankly
we do not believe a word of it. Can anyone
give us a real instance?

Regeneration Control
it is pretty generally admitted now that
Ballantine was correct in stating that
tickler regeneration ls superior to the use
of a variometer in the plate circuit. The
reas,on for his claims are very beautifully
set down in Section 73 of his hook which all
livP members of A.R.R.L. have by now.
One of the main advantages of the tickler
is that the regeneration can be changed
without shifting the tune an over the lot.
PANCAKE: TYPE
The Size of the Tickler
A.lmost every set that we have ever met
has more tickler than is really neec!ed,
probably because the maker of it was

,:117 ;;;.s-r-~iL--- .::,_,----,

(fl
&I:;~ , .,.
-· <:g
·~~
~, ORDINARY ARRANGEMEN
TUBE TYPE
rs ARRANGEMEN f
::;:::=-~-·--~-l~_
"=.~
tJ,1,1,1-
..._._···---~-'
fCed~i:.1t.-..:l:. c.o,--ichnst·r hes
~"i,:vne tu,,,m; efl(°:ct
,1n wh1c1i fer.•.:..,.'"i~m"i..
con,:1f."ti s,:;;r h,·.,s /, ti le
ht'":t"n(J ,<?fleet

THE WEAGANT-REINARTZ ARRANGEMENT

fixed belier~ s/wnt feed f€cd·Lid1.~,( c,J.~tro/led i.iJ-
v;,1-,.-;_-:.L,le h.Yd· 6r:.-d.: ,:;u;-h:/en.ser.

Large or Small Tickler

Tt i;; (•vident enough that a big tickler
moved to and :l'rom the secondary will
change the tuning. It is possible to cut
this e!fre::'i':::n a great deal by using a

·,
~- l
,..::~,
r"'--.,.....f-•:

u,}
l.'011ri
n9t>t.~'.ze
~ ---~ /:'I°:.f(}/:::.::~1/.
.t,~t;,:;;:..,~!:~d
GOOD ARRANGEMENT
· Tidier hos smal/7,.i;;,r,q
effect '
l fmi C,

'"::- n"-'.:'.:__,_f~11J1j1
f1AD ARRANGEMENTS ~ L.::.--~h;
:}1{~'; A,".;· 1a,?1e tu,W,"l'f
ORDINARY TICKLER-SERIES FEEQ 1v,,rma/ lhn:>ltlmy Conclen,erJ}',tem
FEED BACK CONTROLLED BY MOVING THE TICKLER

"scared to death" that he c.'Ould not make

it oscillate at all times. The results is
that the tickler control is tricky, especially
on the lower wavelengths. The cure is
to reduce the number of tickler turns
until the tiekler has to be turned nearly
to the end of its range to get oscilla-
tion at the upper wavelengths.
Tickler coils need not be wound with
heavy wire unless the tuner is used for
C.W. reception.
The tube on which a tickler is wound '111mttl!i19 c>o11tk.1rerJi,,.rtem ,JUtfyeJted~Y lf!:l
should always be small enough to mis~ the THROTTLING CONDENSER SYSTEMS
inside of the secondary tube by half an 6xed l!dde,~ JN1es feed f,xJbad amtro!led
inch or better. This results in smoother h1./ v::iric,·b/e lf:ed-bacl.. conde,7J"er. Coif ,1.rr..,;n.J'Je -
eontrol and in much less tuning effect /4(,:_nts surne: ,?s ,1'.-1 r lYetZy.:1,,/ ...,,{}'.inartz... .,.
on the ;,,t•condary ,circuit.
48 QST ,Tuly, 192-1

tickler that is not neariy as big around as things for nmateur, and commercial, radio.
is the 8econdary evil. This was well ex- Mm;t important of these wa:; his complete
plained in "Short Wave Tuner Design" on success in pointing out the generally low-
page 87 of our December issue. This idea grade standard of tuners then in use on
h, used in the Zenith receiver :-rnd also in :imateur and broadcast waves.
Schnell's low loss tuner described in our Since t.hat there has been a eomplete
February issue. A tickler about one-half stampede toward better coils and better con-
as large in diamet<"r as the secondary seems densers.
to be nearl.y right. It will probably take This has brought with it a lot of uncet·-
1:1 f.ew turns more than would a large tickler tainty as to the" proper number nf tickler
but wiU bother the tuning much less. turns, for a good secondary drcuit .
Fixed Ticklers .,'\.s soon as one of these g:ood secondary
Another way of getting rid of the tuning drcuits ls put into a t.une1; there follows
(,fi'ect of ehanging regeneration is by using a cat chorus-the old tickler is far too large.
a tickler that does not move and controlling The remedy is to take off turns until the
the regeneration in some other fashion. set ean barely be nutde to osdlla.te at /he
'rhe best known form of this arrangement top of its tuning range, when the tickler is
is the Weagant,Reinartz ,x,mbinatfon in turned clear over to the end of its travel.
which ;;lmnt foed is used. 'rhis scheme More turns than that will make the set
gives much less detuning effect that does howl at the shorter waves, especially when
anything hut a very small movable tickler. a moving tickler is being used.
It ean be still further improved if the We beiieve that almost' without exception
tickler is placed half an inch or so away t.he regenerative t.uners on the general mar-
from the ::;econdary as shown in the 1HX ket have twice the n;:,cessary number of
tuner in the J?ebruary :issue. With this tickler turns, making them cranky and un-
tuner it was possible to move the regener- steady on the lower waves. 'iVhen it c,1mes
ation condenser from maximum down to the to amateur tuners we are .,ure that at least
point at which the tube stopped oscillating 90% of them have thi'ee times the necessary
without losing the sharpest C.W. signal. tickler turns. Some of the alleged short-
Very few tuners will do this. wave tuners that our gang has been making
Still another arrangement is the use of recently can be handled by a juggler only
a throttling eundenscr, two arrangements -because they put in a tiekler hig enough
of which are shown. to work at 400 meters and then try to go
down to 20 meters with it. This had better
How Many Turns? not be tried--use a tapped tickler as de-
Mr. Hassel's very ;;·xcellent Hrticle in scribed by McLaughlin in the May QST.
the December number aeco,nplished many if that does not ~trike your fancy it is

BEFORE AND AFTER

Above, Hon. D. B. C..arson-. Commissioner of
Navigation, taking a last look at the Department
of Commerce HHoover C~p'' for 1923 before its
shipment to- the winner, ~1r. Don C. Wallace of
9ZT-9XAX. (International Newsreel photo.) Right,
Pictorial evidence that the cup got there all right:
·wallace and It.
;July, 1924 QST 4H

possible to use a honeycomb c,,i!-mounting the seeondary :and use about l % times as
into which different ticklers are plugged. many turns, which means a 7 turn tickler
These coi.ls ean be half as hig across as for the short waves-around ;,o meters.

The 4-Coil Meissner Transmitter

at 7ADQ-7NT
HE 4-coil form of the Meissner send- The positive plate-power lead is ennnected

T ing circuit handles rather more to the binding post farthest back. From
easily than the :3-coil form. For this post a lead g·oes behind the left helix
that reason it was recommended by and then comes forward across the center
Mr. I. V. Iversen in his article "'rhe of the t,et to the plate milliammeter which
Meissner 'fransmitting Circuit."* Mr. Iver- is at the center-front, next to the tubes.
sen practices what he preaches, as evidenced The return lead from this meter is twisted
hy his own set around the first
at 7 AD Q, a one and goes
photograph o f ha e k by the
which is here same rnute a s
shown. fa1· as the p!ate-
'.rhe two heli- co.il v a r i ab I e
ees, L, and L,, condenser. Here
are the halves it connects with
of a Radio Cor- the moving
poration he I ix, plates and then
t y n e UL-1008, goes on to the
which has been plate c o i I, L.,
cut in two. 'I'he which is inside
parts are placed of the 1· i g h t-
at right angles hand helix. The
to n,duce cr1up- other :, i d e of
ling b e t w e e n the plate coil is
them. 'fhe two eonnected to the
parts are con- fixed plates of
neeted by the the Yariable oon-
antenna amme- denser and from
ter, a l th o it there the plate
may a,; well be lead can be seen
p l a c e d a hove eoming forward
THE SENDING SET AT 7ADQ-7NT
them as :,;hown to the tube
in the diagram. s o c k e t s. The
The grid eoil L:3 is the rotating coil inside plate coil has 18 turns.
of the left-hand helix. •rhis (coil has 18 'l'hese connections will be understood more
turns of annunciator wire wound on a tube easily if traced with the help of the dia-
several inches smaller than the inside of g~ram.
the helix. .f ust in front of the grid coil is
the grid-coil condenser C,, which is used
in the :fa::;hion described in Mr. lversen's
article. It is wit a tuning condenser in
the usual sense. In front of the grid-coil
condenser are the grid leaks R, and to the
right is the fixed grid <:ondenser C,. Be-
tween the tubes and this grid condenser
are the grid chokes. These are small coils
connected in the separate grid leads to keep
the tubes from generating very short wave
"parasites" which do not put any power into
the antenna. Usually 10 turns of small
wire on a 1" tube will do.
•"~rhe Meissner frransmitting Circuit," p. 1~. May 4 COIL MEISSNER CIRCUIT
(JST.
'rhe author's name was incorrectly given as I. V.
Iverson; the ,:orrect spelling is Iversen. (Concluded on page 54}
...50 QST ,July, 1924

Amatem l\._clflio
Stations-1
lBDl-lXAH, Orono, Maine

This station is an example u.f what a 011 the fourth floor uf the Hannibal Ham-
poor location with a poor antenna can do lin Hall at the University of Maine, at
when the man behind the key knows what Orono. It is owned- and operated by Mr.
he is doing and makes the be8t of t.he cir- .F •.E. Handy, under the auspices of the
<·umstances. University. Referring to the photograph,
Communication has been established the transmitter helices are seen on the left.
many times with stations. in every district The two 250-watt tubes come next, with
of the lJ.S. and in the last few months meters mounted below on a maple panel.
special offort has been made to keep in To the right of the transmitter is a hetero-
consistent touch with foreign amateurs. dyne wavemeter, calibrated from WWV's
Ji'oreigners worked, in order of their audi- signals. To the right of the typewriter is
bility by countries are: British 2SZ, 2NM, a bulb type battery charger, working from
20D, 2KF, 5KO, fiRY, 5NN, 5BV, 2SH, the filament transformer for the trans-
:OW.J, 5LF, 2KW, 5FS; French 8AB, 8CT, mitter. 'rhe filament transformer as well as
8BM, 8BF; Dutch PCII, PA9. Signals have the plate transformer and aceessories are
been reported with good audibility at Danish under the table.
7C:JF, Hawaiian GZY, and WNP. British The self-supporting coils of the short
2NM, 2SZ and 2KF have each been worked wave regenerative receiver are seen just
about :JO or 40 times with traffic. The to the 'left of the Amrad broadcast set.
,:alendar on the wall has every date et·osserl The primary eoil has 5 tuners, the secondary
r,ut wben Europe vra!\ - worked; and from 18 turns, 1tnd the tickler 8 turns. The
F'ebruary 7th to Mar<'h 7th not a single secondary tuning condenser for this :,;hort
night wa$ mi:ssed w··ith the (~xception of wave reeeiver is· an 8 plate eon denser with
February 2:lrd, when the operator overslept. a long extemdon shaft :fastening to the
The :'let is installed in a dormitory room knob to facilitate fine adjustments. The
,July, 1924 51

Amrad detector and two stage audio cab- i;; done with success, though the antenna
inet is used for both amateur and broad- and eounterpoise wires had· to be ;;tretched
cast work. The :receiving antenna is a ;32- tight to prevent their swaying and changing
foot c;ing-le wire. the wave.
The transmitting antenna and counter- Raw A.C. i,; used on the plates, ,;,a the
poise are on top of a four ~tory building aluminum in the GO-quart 1.·ectifier w,·nt bad
having a metal l'(HJf. /1.s eviiient from Fig. a while back. Plate power is obLdued from
the 60-cycle mains, separate ~., s::uits being
used for plate and filameut , ,pply, thus
greatly reducing t.he drop in filament volt-
ag'e occasioned by keying. The 1-K.W. pole
Ll'ansformers provide secondary voltages
of 1100, 2200, 3800, or 4400 volts and their
turns ratio ma~' be easily changed to give the
desired voltage. As constructed, the station
represents "1 maximum in the way l)f re-
sults for the outlay of apparatus used.

Beat Operating Wavelength

Te:;ts were made to determine the best
l the average distance between the antenna operating wavelength. A.ccurate measure-
and counterpoise is less than 17 feet. No. ments of total resistance were made using
14 tinned copper wire is used thruout the the substitution and \'ariation methods.,
antenna system. The fundamental wave The results are given in Fig. 2. Ctirve A
length is 150 meters.
Because the antenna ,;ystem is of the
condenser type the radiation resistance iR
low and a large current must be obtained
in the circuit to get much radiation. Diffi-
culties presented themselves when it was
attempted to get good results from the
commoner circuits. Loose-cotlpled circuits
were tried with the result that the wave
was sharpened and bad harmonics that were
theretofore noticed within a ten mile radius
were reduced. .An inductance of 1/ 4 inch
copper tubing on a wooden form proved
just the thing for the grid and plate cir-
cuits. A similar inductance, only of larger
diameter, fits over the other inductance as
the antenna coil. At first a master 01seilla-
tor power amplifier circuit was used, but
the extra tube did not seem worthwhile

is the measured resistance. Curve B is

the probable curve that would be had if near-
by circuits and metal objects did not cause
so bad absorption on certain wavelengths. '.rhe
humps in the curve of mea:;ured resistance
7.1ital
that show bad absorption on certain wave-
lir-,n ,,.,,,,,ew,,·,>t., lengths limit the best practical operating
waves to 125 and 155 meters (below, and
practically at the fundamental). Experi-
ments have shown no way to get rid of
these humps, which check with repeated
measurements day after day. As shown by
the curve this antenna is worthless for
operation on 200 meters and attempts at
such operation have checked this experi-
mental work.
As shown by the above experience an
amateur's antenna may prove the limiting
factor in the range of his station, no matter
from the standpoint of economy. The cir- (Concluded on vage ti8)
cuit now used is the Meissner. The antenna
circuit determines the wave length of the :ISe..e uHow to Measure Antenna Resistance and
station. Because of the high capacity and Capacity" by A. F'. Murray, page 18, May, 1923. QST.
Obtainable through our Circulation Department at
low resistance of the antenna system this the regular price.
52 QST ;July, 1924

~ INTE~ATIONAL~
Amateur Radio
European Activity Increasing teur experimental transmitting apparatus
Amateur radio .in Europe has progressed in J';Jngiand have been recently modified as
to where a monthiy report of activities, follows. i•.11 licenses for experimental
such m, our Traffic Department Report, is spark transmission have been withdrawn,
needed to keep everyone informed. Ex- thus abolishing the spark transmitter.
perimental Wireless has seen this need and Amateur experimental transmission on 440
publishes a complete report, by districts, meters has heen prohibited during broad-
of experimental amateur work in England. casting hours, and in its place permission
'rhough nu !'eally outstanding work has is granted to use the band of wave lengths
been done lately, many interesting items from 115 to 130 meters for amateur work
are included in the latest report. in cases where the Post Master General is
2KF and 20D remain the stars as far satisfied that bonu tide research work is
as transatlantic work is concerned. 2UV carried on nnd that the circumstances
cast a,;ide the handicap of having no power Justify the concession. This is distinctly a
mains avail.able for supplying his trans- step in the right direction, for amateurs
mitter, and rigged up a hand generator for for a eunsiderable time have remained
pi ate ~uppiy. He got across all right! quiet on the 440-meter wave during broad-
(F.B., OM. Wish we could supply 'em to easts, and the opening of the lower"band of
our cq fiends). Several have tried to see wave Lengths is a concession which ama-
how much they could reduce their power teurs have been looking forward to for a
and still be heard on this side of the .At- long time. Before an ··amateur license is
lantic. :!KW did it with 12. 7 watts to the issued in England, the applicant must show
plate and .4 ampere in the antenna, which reason why it is necessary that he should
isn't half bad. have a transmitting license. He must out-
In Europe, where transmission is form- line the experimental work he plans to do
ally prohibited in many places, mystery when applying for a license; merely des-
stations crop up from time to time, oper- cribing his station will not get him a
ate for a few days and then disappear. license. ·
A42 is one of these. Ife has been worked
:several times from England. 1JW and
LzeroAA are working in Luxembourg, both Unscrambling a Few Abbreviations
(~SO England, as are also Belgian 4AA, Many have been puzzled by smybols
4ZZ, 4GG, P2, W2, and 4C2. XY and XZ such as A4, O-V-1, R3, etc., appearing on
are two new Swiss stations. PCRR is a cards from English stations. These are
new Dutch station. Danish 7EC is going symbols used to denote the audibility of the
strong. Dutch PA9 has closed down as he received signals and the type of receiver
received so many cards and letters from used. There are two systems, the A sys-
the U.S.A. reporting him l!SA that it took tem, and the R system, which are as
all of the joy out of working DX. American follows:
amateurs have been logged by an Edin- Al, just readable with difficulty; A2,
burgh amateur using a one-tube set on a comfortably readable but not strong; A.3,
two-foot loop. good strong consistent signals; A4, very
English amateurs are convinced that strong.
shorter waves are better than those around IU, very weak, undistinguishable; R2,
200 meters for transatlantic work. The dots and dashes just intelligible; R3, almost
best t.ime for working across, they find, readable; R4, readable when no QRM;
is from one hour before sunrise to one hour R5, fairly comfortably readable; Rfi, com-
after sunrise in England. Static has in- fortably readable; R7, strong; RS, very
terfered a good deal with transocean work strong; R9, colossal strength.
,during the past month, however. Signals such as 0-V-i and so forth,
indicate the number of tubes in the re-
ceiver and how they are used. The first
New Regulations for British Amateurs figure is the number of radio frequency
Regulations governing the use of ama- amplifiers used, the V denotes a "valve"
July, 1924 QST 53

detector, and the latter figure is the num- that there occurB a slight change in wave-
ber of audio frequency amplifiers in the length as the smoothing: condenser charges
set. In this way, 2-V-1 would indicate up and discharges--this produced a rather
a set having two stages of radio, a detector, unsteady note.
and one stage of audio amplification. The arrangement of the valve can be
seen from the photograph. The three leads
British 6XX on the left near the ceiling are the grid,
By Philip R. Coursey, B. Sc., ff'. foist. P. anode, and filament leads from the valves
In the Transatlantic Tests of last to the oscillation eircuit. They are run
year 6XX took a prominent part, its code overhead on porcelain insulators for the
word having been logged over eighty times full length of the bench on the left. This
in America. More recently this station has permits most any sort of experimental cir-
been transmitting on schedule for recep- euit to be clipped on to the valves at will.
tion in Australia: Before the station was Series feed for the H.T. supply seemed,
p u t into oper- in our case, to
ation, a special give better re-
permit had to sults than paral-
he obtained lel or shunt
from the British feed. Dubilier
Post Office to condensers were
,use more trans- used throughout
mitting p o w e r the installation,
t h a n the cus- and the appar-
tomary 10 watts. 1
atus was erected
This permit was hy that company
issued in the for the use of
11 a r,1 e or the the Radio Soci-
writer f o r the ety, the co i Is
Radio Socitty of and sume other
G re at Britain. parts being
The power al- m a <l e i n the
lowed by t h i g Company's
special permit works.
was o n e kilo- '!'he a e r i a l
watt i n p u t to used for trans-
the valves. 'rhe mitting is a six-
station was built wire c a g e, on
and operated on seven - foot
behalf of the spreaders, sup-
Society, and ported at o n e
may be taken end by a 60-foot
as an example mast and at the
of "the best" in TRANSMITTING APPARATUS AT BRITISH 6XX. The other by a brick
English a m a - large copper tubing inductance and a part of the antenna chimney stack of
teur experimen- ammeter are seen on the left. about the same
tal stations. height. The
After several trials the circuit found length of the top part of the aerial is
most satisfactory was the loose-coupled about 75 feet, and the down-leads about
Hartley. Two valves, each rated at an 40 feet. The down-leads are small six-
anode dissipation of 450 watts, were used wire cages.
in parallel as oscillators. Two similar A six-wire counterpoise extending for
valves were used as kenotron rectifiers. the full length of the aerial span and some-
The main advantage of the loose coupling what beyond its end was used; also an
between the aerial and oscillation circuit earth connection to the nearest water main.
is that the aerial has Iei::r-1 control of the The average aerial current is eight am-
, wavelength than when direct coupling is peres.
used. With this arrangement it was found
that the wave remained very steady, giv-
ing a much more readable signal. Australian amateurs are trying to com-
The anode supply to the valve rectifiers municate with their friends in South
was from a 600-cycle . motor generator. Africa. Australia can already work New
At times a filter was used and because of Zealand, and New Zealand 2AC has worked
the high initial frequency not much trouble South American CBS. The South Ameri-
was had in obtaining a substantially D.C. cans are now arranging tests with South
supply. Keying of the transmitter was Africa. First thing we U. S. amateurs
accomplished by placing the key in the know, these fellows in the Southern Hemis-
primary lead to the plate transformer. phere ·will be working clear around the
The only disadvantage of this method is world, breaking all records, and leaving
54 QST Suly, 1924

us the leaders only in creating (JRM and which was b,med to t.he Technical High
calling C(}. \Vhatsay, fellows'/ Sd,ool at Delft in the name of tl: 2ir sehoc,l.
,\fter the hearing of evidPnce \Va:; com-
pleted the derk ,:;f the ,.:,peu ministry b,, -
It mav amount to what some call ''shoot- gan his sunnning up (•f th~ ea~e by (:Oj1~
ing at the moon'', but, confident ,:of their gn,tulating Mr. ,Jesse on his ,mccess in com-
success :;onner or later, ;;even1t British municating with .America. ..\ t this pornt
amateurs have been transmitting on sche- the prosecutor ,trose and ,,bjected, '.!'he
dule fol' reeeption in .Australia and New derk added, however. that the words ot
Zealand. ;Some Sydney and Melbourne ex- the law did not apply to thP <,a;;e 111 ques-
perimenters already claim to have heard t[•:n a;1d.. the matter ~r•:u_ld 011,ly ~•e ;:nn-
English 5A'T, and English fiWS has also ,,auerea trom the pu,;s1b1hty of usmg th,,
been report<'<l heard in Australia. HXX, station for spy eonnnunication. As the r•:'-
the station oi the Radio Sodety of Great srilts of the tests were published in tt-.e
Britain, b one of those endeavoring to pre:;s, however, it was plain that, no attempt
reach Australia direct. wats made to deceive th<?. government. 'I'he
derk further suggested an early judgment,
a levy of a fine ,:,f 5 goulden (about $2,)
and the restoration of the confiscated ap-
The Fate of PCII. paratus.
Amateurs throughout the world have The attorney fvr the defense thanked the
anxiously awaited news regarding the con- open ministry for the very lenient decision
sequences of the dosing, by Dutch authori- and remarked that it was not often that
ties a few months ago, of station PCII, the the eourt addressed the accused with a
well known amateur experimental station ;:,;ood-!uck wfah. He also said how bad it
at Leiden, Holland. The story of the trial would appear if, while France gave a ~~old
has now eume to light, the main points of medal to the first French amateur to work
which are idven below. V{e are indebted a;;ross i:.he Atlantic, the N0therlands
to the Dutch magazine "Radio W ereld" brought its amateurs into court and hin-
for the information. dered scientific progress and experimenta-
When the station was closed the appar;i- tion in radio. It was dcdded that the d€'-
tus was confiscated and Mr. H .•J. le,-", fendant had not transgressed the law cir.ct
Jr., was charged with having installed a:,d the case waR dismissed.
used a radio telephone and telegraph st.:.- The above is of great intei·est to all of
tion without having obtained the proper us for it shows that at least one e(,untry
authority. where arr.~teur transmission was hereto-
On the opening of the trial it was shown fore nwi e or less formally r,rohibited has
that radio telephc,ne had never been used adopte,i a more c,pen-minded attitude and
by PCII and that the government monopoly has boen shown that it is hern:,fidal rather
over commercial radio business Lid not ' than harmful to permit the operation of
been violated because PCII did not handle amateur experimental radio ,stations under
messages on a commercial ba:,;i:;. l'urther- government supervisfon. '.!'he A.R.R.L ha;;
more, ·pen operated on Hhort wavelengths adrlressed a (•ommunication to the Dutch
with low power and at no time interfered tuithorities congratulating them on the dc-
with government or commercial stations. dsion made in this case. We hope t;hat
As far as the aetua'. use of transmitting we may soon again have the plPasure of
apparatus was eoncerned, it, was pointed hearing the signals of PCII on the air.
out that a receivin,g ;:et ean also he made
to transmit by mal:ing the tube oscillate.
Other things such u,; X-ray machines also
transmit radio wav<'s. If radio transmis-
sion is tn be formally prohibited it would 4-COIL MEISSNER TRANSMITTE.R
be necessary to also dose down all receiv- AT 7ADQ-7NT
ing sets, X-ray machines, and such. The
fact that the apparatus at PCII was con- ((:0;1.eluded f,·om r;age ,}9)
tinually being modified according to the
results of tests and a good deal of experi-
mentation was necessary to get a set into The fixed condenser next 1:.he ti'rminal
operation that would eommunicate with ,,trip at the left is aeross the plate supply;
America showed that it was not a regular in other words, this is C4.
commercial station. The rheostat is in the filament circuit a~
lt was asked why no permit was ub- usual, altho an improvement i.,, suggested
tained. The defense answered that it was in the diagram. '.rhe remaining meter at
practically imposidble to use a permit as the right-front iH the tilament voltmeter.
outlined in the law for their purpose; even Details as to the operation of this St't
the official Radiola broadcasting station were given very dearly in Mr. IveTsen's
at The Hague had to get along with a articlP, which should be read in connection
license that did not fit their needs and with this desi:ription.
July. 1924 QST

A HANDY CALIBRATED OSCILLATOR

By N. ,J. Buckeye, ,,x RA.TE

UCH has__ been Haid and written ubout amateur wavemeter eons:sting of a eoil,
M the :.wiateur's wavemeter. One for
measurmg the wave length of his
transmitter is r-ather ,,a,;ily built, but a
a 1'on,.lenser, and a flashlight lamp. The
oscillating wa ven1eter e,;ns1sts ~•»,;entially
of a coil and a v.idable condenser connected
wavemeter for measuring rt eeived si~nals
0 to a vaeuum tube llS :,,hown in the diagram.
with a good degree of accuracy is a ditticult All of the apparatus l;; mounted rm a panel
matter. The nwthod generally used i,; tn as a single unit. When the tibment is heated
pbce the wavemeter near t.he oscillating the cil'cuit radiates at a frequency that can
receiving set and vary the wavemeter eon~ he varied by turning the condenser dial. The
denser until a click is heard in the phones. frequency occuring at the various dial set-
To aceomplish this the wavemeter nrnst be tings may be marked directly on it, or may
?laced close to t.he receiving set and the be .recorded on a piece of cross-section paper.
tuning of the set · The instrument
i;; ,ULtributed by is thus a cali-
the pre-;ence o f brated oscillator.
the wavemeter. The main ad-
As a result the vantages of the
measured wave is o~dllating wave-
not of the same meter a re; first,
4ength as t h a t that because it
,,,mt out by the works on the
distant transmit- ":,;ero beat'' prin-
ter. The alter- eiple it is easy to
native is to use a adjust t o exact
wa vemeter t h a t reso'1ance w it h
is excited by a the 1·eceiving set
!buzzer, but such w h e n measuring
a broad ,vave is received signals;
produced as to be second, the wave-
useless when dealing with C.W. signals. meter does not have to be placed close
A very accurate way of adjusting two to the receiving set, anywhere in the
drcuits to the same freuency is to cause room will do. It does have the dis-
both eircuits to oscillate by suitably con- adv~ntage, ho:wever, that changing tubes,
necting a vacuum tube to each. Then, with movmg batteries, and so forth, affects the
a pair of phones connected in the plate cir- accuracy of the meter. The extent to which
<mit of one of the tubes, vary one of the ~he accuracy is affected by these changes
tuning condensers until a "receiver squeal" 1s told later. If suggestions given for cali-
is heard. This is the beat note between bration and operation are followed, however,
the two oscillators. Further careful adjust- these chi:nges may be neglected by the
ment of the tuning condenser will reduce amateur m the course of ordinary use.
the beat note to zero. 'fhe two circuits are
then (:xactly in resonance. Construction
'rhis is the principle used in the wave- A general idea of the arrangement of
meter developed by Mr. I. M. Chambers, the component parts may be had from the
ex-8AJX, which is about to be described. photographs. The panel is three-sixteenths
"This principle is not new, by any means, of an inch thick and measures 6 by 10
but a wavemeter built for use in this inches. As described, most of the appara-
manner is very different from the usual tus is mounted on the under side of the
panel. The _tube l!Ocket, flashlight lamp
The actual oseillator shown in onr photo1<raphs 1 ,:,ceptacle, rheostat, and the inductance
.and the drawin1<s thereof made by H. F, Ma•on, may be mounted on the top of the panel in
,.;isT Department Editor. tne position indicated if desired, however.
56 QST July, 1924

The inductance coil, Lr is 22 turns of No. a Fahnestock battery >"Witch that has been
20 1>.C.C. wire wound in a single layer-on a removed from its moulded composition base
three-inch-diameter tube of eardboard or and mounted directly on the panel. C-4 is
bakelite, the length of the tube be.ing two a 500 ~tµfd. I_ .0005 ftfd.) grid condenser, also
inches. A tap is taken off at the center uf the Micadon type, and acrus,; it i.s con-
turn by poking a loop of the wire through nected a one-megohm grid leak. The grid
a small hole in the tube and bringing the leak mounting can be ;;een just to the left
loop to a binding post placed at the edge of the tube socket in the panel layout. The
of the winding. 'I'he coil should be given a plate battery is shunted with a 5000 1iµfd.
coat, of ,:o11odion to insure permanence. (.005 µfd.) condenser 11vhich .,e.rves as a
The coil is suspended from the panel by radio frequency by-pass and incidentally
two pieces of quarter inch brass rod three- keeps the piate battery from affecting the
fourths of an inch long, drilled and tapped accuracy of the instrument as much as it
otherwise would.
The plate and filament batterief! can he
incorporated in the cabinet if a UV-1.9!J tube
is use,d, in which case the four binding posts
on the panel may he omitted. '.rhe plate
batteries may be imtide the case and binding
posts for only the :filament battery may be
mounted on the panel, if the builder desires.
Referring to the panel layout, the fila-
ment ,rwitch, tube socket, rheostat, and fila-
ment battery binding posts are mounted
at the right hand end of the panel. A
Cutler-Hammer switch, F}rla socket, and
Filkostat were used in the ilrntrument
shoWll in the picture. At the other end of
with a 6-:-i2 thread at each end. The ends the panel are mounted the inductance,
of the winding are connected to the mount- miniature porcelain receptacle for the flash-
ing posts by placing them under the heads light lamp, plate battery binding posts. and
of the mounting screws. With this con-
:struct1011 the inductance can be (•hanged for
one giving a dmerent wave length range
.in about fifteisn ;;econds without having to
unsolder any (;onnections.
The variable condenser. C-1 in the dia-
gram, i,-. a (,eneral Radio type 2,17 con-
denS€'J.', having a maximum ,'.apacity of
about 450 1trtfd. (.00045 1d'.d.) and movable
plates shaped to give nearly com,tant wave-
length increase. 'rhe dial ·Is a four-inch
Gerieral Radio with geared vernier. 'rbe
pinion is held in mesh with the large gear
on the under side of the dial by a !"pring,
this spring being a part of the vernier
attachment. Any other type of g·ood con-
denser may he used with equal results. The the two fixed condensers that are used for
condenser should be one that is rigidly con- different wavelen_g-th ranges. The variable
structed and one in which there is no danger condenser and condenser switch are mounted
of the calibration being destroyed by the near the center i:,f the pane'!.
plates slipping or getting out of line. It After the parts are mounted, the oscilla-
8hould have gond insulation and good bear- tor is completed by wiring it-with No. 12 or
ings. Instead of tbe g-ear.ed vernier de- l.4 copper wire, making the \1riring as rigid
:scribed a hard rubber extension handle aR possible, for any changes are - likely to
about a foot long may be fastened to the influence the eaiibration.
main knob at right angles to the condenser .A. useful aceessory for use with any
:"haft for use in -making fine adjustments. wavemeter having a flashlight lamp in the
Condenserf\ C-2 and C-3 are each Micadon psdllatory circuit is a short-circuiting plug
''posta_ge ,;tamp" condensers having a cap- for insertion in the lamp receptacle. This
acity of 250 ftftfd. (.00025 µfd.). 'rhey are plug may be made from a lmrnPd out lamp
connected across the variable condense.r and by removing ail of the glass and :filling the
coil to give additional wavelength ranges. metal shell with melted solder, setting a
The range without these condensers is from short length of threaded rod in the soldE'..1'.
80 to 220 meter;;; with the two condense.rs When cool, a small moulded binding post
in i;eries m•ross the variable condem:er it top should he screwed on the projecting
is from 200 to 280 meters: and with one threaded rod, thus completing the piug.
eondenser across the variable condenser it Removing the lamp and inserting the plug
is from 270 to :-mo meter1,. 'rhe ;,witch i~ will lower the resistance of the tuned eir-
Ju1y, 1924 (~ST 57

cuit materially. This will make oscillation The oscillator is calibrated by first tuning
easier when the circuit is connected to the in the signal to be measured on your regu-
vacuum tube. It will also give better read- lar receiver. Let the receiver oscillate and
ings when the click method is used. The carefully adjust the tuning dial until the
lamp is used only when measuring the "zero beat" condition occurs. Now start
wave of a transmitting set. the oscillator and carefully adjust it until
Calibration a "receiver squeal" is heard in the phones,
Before attempting to calibrate the in- which are still connected to the receiver.
strument the builder should read the wave- This squeal is the beat note caused by the
meter articles by Mr. Kruse in the Febru- heterodyning of the oscillator and receiver.
ary and April issues of CJST for there is 'rhe oscillator should now be adjusted until
much in those articles that applies to the the "zero beat" condition again obtains.
instrument we are building. The distant station, your receiving set, and
The oscillator may best be calibrated by the oscillator are all now exactly in reso-
means !Of the standard-frequency trans- nance. 'fhe position of the dial on the
missions from WWV. The schedules of this oscillator and the wavelength of the trans-
station appear in QST each month. If you mitting station should now be recorded.
are sure you are out of range of these When making these adjustments the oscilla-
signals, the meter can be calibrated by tor need not be coupled closely to the re-
reference to the carrier waves of the follow- ceiving set; all that is necessary is that
ing broadcast stations: WWJ, WCAP, WRC, it be in the same room with the receiver.

WSB, WGY, or KDKA. All of these sta- Now, without disturbing the oscillator,
tions have been measured by the Bureau tune dovm on your receiving set to one-half
of Standards and have an average of less the wave length to which the oscillator is
than one-tenth of one percent from their adjusted. You will now hear a faint "re-
assigned wavelengths. '.rhis means that a ceiver squeal" in the phones, which is the
station supposed to be on 400 meters may heat note caused by the second harmonic
be found :somewhere between 899.6 and or half wave oscillation of the oscillator
,100.4 meters. 'rhis is accurate enough for heterodyning with the receiving set. Care-
most measurements made in an amateur fully adjust the receiver until this heat note
station. becomes zero; then reduce the wavelength
It is very essential before starting the of the oscillator until a loud receiver squeal
calibration to have the oscillator set up just is heard and adjust the oscillator till this
as you will use it later. Always use the beat note becomes zero also. The oscilla-
same t.ube, about the same plate battery tor is now set at exactly half of the wave-
voltage, batteries located in the same place, length to which it was previously adjusted,
and a rather low resistance grid leak. Most and the dial setting can be noted.
of these things, especially the changing of Other harmonics will be found at 1/3, 1/4,
tubes, will influence the dial setting for a l/5, 1/6, etc., of the fundamental wave
given wavelength; and the more careful length, t!ach harmonic becoming weaker
you are to check up on these things each and weaker the further away it is from the
time the oscillator is used the nearer ac- main wave. By the above procedure the
curate will be the results. oscillator can be calibrated throughout its
58 QST ,July, l.92-t

whole range from 80 to a:\O meters with not only prevent burning out the bulb but
only a few definitely known waves scattered ,1·ill let you measure the wavelength more-
around the upper part of the- range as u accurately than if the light were made fo
basis. Tlie only trouble that may he had in glow brightly.
calibrating it in this way is in getting the The oscillator will also find many other
harmonics mixed m1ch as mistaking the use;; nroun<l t.he laboratory and amateur
8rd for the -Jth, etc. If the points are station. It can be used a;; a separate osc-
plotted on a curve as the work proceeds ei.llator i.n connection w-ith a super-hetero-
an error will always show up by being out dyne Ret. It can also be used as a minia-
of l.ine with the rest of the points. Curve ture transmitter for use in testing receiv-
sheets should he carefully prepared showing ing l'ets.
the wave lengths corresponding to the pre-
vimrn settings of the oscillator dial. '!'here After this wavemeter was made. calibra--
will he three curves; one with the ;;ingle ted and checked, several amateurs were-
pole double throw switch in the open heard telling each other the-ir wavelengths.
position, one with it on one point, and one F'or insbnce; one ~-aid he was on 190 meters~
with it thrown in the other direction. Thi:c; the ,vavemeter said 198. One 1,:ighth Dis-
gives three wavelength ranges. trict station Raid he was on 150 meters~
the wavemet.er said 162. One Third Dis-
Accuracy trict station said he was on 200 meters;
Now that you have the oscillator built the wavemeter said 212. From this it can-
the question arises, "Is this instrument ac- be seen that there really is a keen need in
curate enough for my work?'' The answer every stat.ion for a wavt?meter that is quite
depends on several things. First of all, aecurate. Thi:c; imitrument, simple, fairly
no matter how carefully a wavemeter is eheap, and aecurate enough for all pur-
buiit or how well constructed, it cannot po;;eR, should prove a boon to amateur radio.
possibly be more accurate than the source
from which it is calibrated. If your meter is
not carefully ,~alibrated from WWV's sig-- 1BDl-1XAH, ORONO, MAINE
nals. or by a reliable laboratory, you will
have to allow something for inaccuracy in (Concluded jrorn page 51)
it..'l calibration to begin with. For use in
the average station, extreme accuracy is not how good the apparatus .inside the ,;ta-
necessary, nor can it even be attained with t.ion. In lXAH's location the metal roof.
wavemeters constructed it. the ordinary lighting eircuits without number in the
fi:shion. An :1.C,curacy ;1f wjthin 01~e half building, a metal fire m;cape near the iead-
of one percent 1s sufficient for most ama- in; nll of these make np the resonant cir-
teur work. This means that on 200 meters euits that cause the humps in the resistance
a wavemeter may read 200 when the wave- eurve and absorb much ·;)f the ene.rg-y that
lt?ngth ie realty anywhere b•·tween 199 and ,rnuld otherwise he radiated. Only care-
201 met.er. ful. measurement and months of operation
Use to hack up the results of the measurements
can show the best wavelength to u;se fo1·
To n,;e the calibrated o,;cill,,tor in meas- a given ;rntenna, 1:specially . where an an-
uring: the wave length (,f n distant trans- tenna is handicapped hy a very unsuitable
mitting station, turn., in the ftation with location ...-\. few week;; of 7J1'"fJ"i' ,·.rp«;·hnent
your receiver oscillating, adjusting for zero i~. eertain of being a big improvement t,-,
heat. Next start the o,:dllator and adiust ,sotrte of the haphazard stations that we ,eE--.
the nseillator until .it heterodvnes the' re-
eeiver and creates a ,:ero bea't note. The The ;\ntenna Series Condenser
01<cillator is now tuned to the sarne wave-
length as the transmitting station. It will Because the radiating :,~,stem i,; nf the
he well to have a general ide::i of wh::it the condenser type it hai:: a low resistance and
wave length i::; you are measuring- at the high current flow must be had in order to,
start because it fa oerfe~tly possible to ad- µ;et the desired rndiation. Because of the-
Just one vf the n&cillatnr harmonics to zero low :resistance and high current there wilt
beat note with the receiver the sn me as if it of ne_cessity he a high voltage drop aero;;;;:
wr.re fundamental. In this <:'.tse the meas- the series condenser.
ured wave will be a fraction, such as I '2, Great difficulty was experienced in obtain-
1/:1, or l/4 of the reai wave of the trans- ing- a Slc'ries condenser that wou]d meet. the
mitting station. f(!Quirements. The final result is the queer
To measure the ·wave length nf your looking arrangement shown in I<'ig :t It
transmitter, all that is neces:<ary ii-, to bring is cumbersome and not handsome, hut it
the ;nstrument near the ·,ntenna lead and works very well, has good insulation and
rotate the dial until thil tfashlight bulb never breaks down.
lights, having- previoust;i: substituted the After ;rune tenth 1BDI-1XAH will be no
bulb for the dummy plug. The wavemeter more, as its owner is graduating from the
should hP held as far away from the set University of Maine this year. As a ;;ta-
as po;::;::ibie and still allow the light to glow tion, it conclusively shows what can be done
.dimly when in P,rnct resonance. This will in the face of many difficulties.
.July. 192,1 QST 59

BOARD MEETING COMING the Tri-City Radio Electric Supply Com-

Your Chance To .Be Represented pany is Mr. W. H. Kirwan, old BXE.
The first meeting of the new Board of Amateurs in Loekport, Ne.y York, have
Directors of the A.R.R.L. will be held in been given a ruling on a question atfecting
Hartford on July 25th. These Directors amateur radio that is quite important.
are your representatives, elected by you The Lockport Light Heat and Power Com-
to speak for you in the government of pany recently changed the local supply from
League affairs. H you have any sugges- 130 to ~5 c:ycles. "As we had a 100-watt
tions, comment or criticism, and particular- transmitting :;tation, and as the local com-
ly if you have any helpful ideas that will pany refused to substitute equipment which
improve Amateur Radio, write immediate- would operate on the new :15-cycle current,
ly to your Director, so he can speak for I was obliged to make complaint to the
you at the coming meeting. Public Se1·vice Commission., requesting re-
All Canadian amateurs should address placement of the appa:mtus rendered in-
the Canadian General Manager, A. H. K. operative by the (•hange in supply :fre-
Russell, at 234 Westmount Drive, Toronto, quency," says Mr. F. P. ,James of 8CB.J,
Ont. in a recent letter. "The question waR re-
In the U.S.A. there is a Director from ferred to the Electrical Expert for the
each Division, their addresses being as St.ate Commission and a ruling made which
follows: required the Lockport Company to learn
ATLANTIC: Geo. L. Bidwell, 124.,; Evarts St., from the General Electric Company what
N.E., Washington, D. C. equipment would be needed to make the set
CENTRAL: Clyde E. Darr, 137 Hill Ave., High-
land Park, Detroit, Mich. perform on 25-cycle current, and to urder
DAKOTA: Pro!. Cyril M. Jansky, Jr., (present all such equipment so reeommended. ·with-
temporary i,ddress) c/o Camp Alfred Vail, N. J. in the past .few days the apparatus has
DELTA: Benj. F. Painter, 424 Hamilton Natl.
Bank Bldg., Chattanooga, Tenn. ,.tctually been delivered to us, thus dosing
EAST GULF: Harry F. Dob:.s, c/o Dobbs & the incident."
Wey Co., Atanta, Ga.
MIDWEST: L. Boyd Laizure, 80th & Mercier For the information of those who are i.n-
Sts., R.F.D.1, Kansas City, Mo.
NEW ENGLAND: G~o. L. Pinney, 84 Pro,ped t,erested in obtaining some of the filter con-
St., South Manchester, Conn. densers advertised on page 75 of the May
NORTHWESTERN: Kari W. Weingarten, :1219 QST, the Westinghouse Electric and Manu-
No. 24th St., Tacoma, Wash.
PACIFIC: Allen H. Babcock, 65 Market St. San facturing Company \vishes to advise pro-
Francisco, Calif. spective purchasers to get in touch with
ROANOKE: W. Tredway Gravely, 503 Main St., their !oral power companies, ordering the
Danville, Va.
ROCKY MOUNTAIN: Paul M. Segal, 2518 Race ermdensei·s through them.
St~, Denve,·, Colo. ·
WEST GULF: Frank M. Corlett, 2515 Catherine About the best test for identifying pure
St., Dallas, Texas. aluminum is to place a piece of it in a hot
lye solution, and if on taking the aluminum
The Westinghouse Electric and Manu- nut and washing it, the surface has a
a,·turing Company recently brought suit matted 1,1ilver appearance, the aluminum is
a,gainst the Tri-City Radio Electric Supply good. If the surface appears streaked with
Company, makers of Tresco apparatus, ,wcasional black spots, the aluminum is use-
for alleged breach of contract in using the less for a rectifier. 'rhese sputs indicate
Armstrong radio drcuits in their appar- impurities, and the film will not :form at
atus. The opinion of .Judge Wade, dictated these pointR. The softness of the aluminum
in eoiv;t, \Vas that there was no violation is not much of an indication of purity as
of the contract and that the Westinghouse the :-softness depends on the degree of
Company had no right to ask the (:ourt to annealing.
cancel the license of the 'rresco Company.
The ease will undoubtedly be appealed, Bradford Hearn of Shreveport, La., puts
attorney~ f?r th<: _Westinghouse Company 'orth the suggestion that in future call
stated. rh1s case 1s of more than passing oooks, amateur stations be listed accord-
interest to the amateur as the manager of ing to the town in which they are located
60 {)ST ,July, 1924

a:s well as by the name of the uwner and We have received a C(lpy of the new wire-
the call of the station. This W(•uld be less catalog of Messrs. Burnd<?pt, Ltd., of
very helpful to amateurs who tour the London, one of the leading B1·itish houses.
country in the summertime. At preseut if It i:s excellently got up and gives one a
you wish to know if there is an amateur good insight into British practice in the
.in a certain town you mm,t sit down and rndio bmdness. Burndept have an amazing
patiently search through all of the names Yariety and number of complete sets and
in the district, having first picked the dis- units of every description-"a set for every
trict from the map; unless, of course you purse" sure applies here. We were par-
happen to know the name of the man. In ticularly intrigued by their policy of equip-
the present government call hooks stations ping the filament. circuit of all sets with
are listed by call a.nd by the owner's name a "screw holder", re::;embling a miniature
only; those in each district being listed lamp re.:;eptacle, into which a "shorting
separately. Of the three methods of list- plug" is normally screwed, but for ·which
ing, which do you think are most useful'? an inexpensive fixed resistor may be sub-
Let us know if rou would like to see the stituted to take care of different varieties
calls listed by towns in addition to or in- of valves or batteries. The resistors con-
stead of one of the present ways of listing. sist of fibre rods wound with resistance
\\'ire and equipped at one end with a screw
base, and are available in various r€'Sist-
A way down at St.Croix . in the Virgin Islands ances from .3 to 55 ohms. American manu-
in the- Caribbean Sea, there is a newly- facturers might well profit by this example
established amateur station run b:v the two -•-it is . a beautiful ·way of accomodating
young sons of a U. S. government official either UV-199 or UV-201-A tubes, or any
:stationed at the island. The receiver is a new tube which may come out, in the same
Reinartz and the old transmitter says set. Burndept have a line of rugged "low-
"70E" on it. Stanley Mathes, ex-70E, loss" variable condensers built up of thick
:s<mth on manoeuvers with the fleet, en- die-cast plates each of which is provided
countered these lads who wanted to learn with cast projections, thus eliminating spac-
the code and he 1·eal amateurs, so he lent ing washers. Among their loud-speakers
them his old equipment until they can get we found one which was distinctly unusual,
some of their own. Attaboy ! · a deluxe model made in the form of a large
Greek vase, 37 inches high, of solid mahog-
On May 27th there eonvened in Mexico any, ·1vith antique brass fittings, weighing
City an Inter-American Electrical Com- 40 lbs, total. "Most loud-speakers are un-
munications Conference, to discuss Pan- avoidably obvious", the text rearls. but this
American radio relations. The three repre- one "would never be taken for · a loud-
sentatives of the 1:Jnited States consist of speaker, as it looks what it is-•a very fine
Congressman \Vallace H. White, of ·white piece of furniture capable of standing in
Bill fame, our American consul at Mexico any room no matter how handsomely fur-
City, and Mr. Allen H. Babcock, of San nished".
Francisco, Pacific Division Director of our
A.R.R.L. 1rhe appointment of Mr. Bab- ?SC's longest DX on a 50-watt tube
coek was a tribute to A.R.R.L. as well as
a recognition of Mr. Babcoek's unusual ls 2 minutes: Then t.he tube got up and
ability. left.

Credit was accidentally given the wrong

paper for the cartoon depicting the aetiv- Weird Superstition& of Amateur Radio
!ties pf ~lZ0-3X'f which appeared on page That a honeycomb coil rnakes a .good
25 <,t tlte ,June 1ss~e. . We are sorry, and R..F. choke.
take this onportunit:v t-0 correct the error That a series condenser ruins a sending
and to tha11k t.he Baltimore American, to set.
whom the credit shoutd have gone, for the That all antenna wires must have the
cartoon. :,ame length but it does not matter at
all in the counterpoise.
/unateurs rendered an important service That the antenna and counterpoise meters
to shipping recently when messages were must read the :same--even when one
relayed by amateurs from ships caught in is 15 feet further from the nodal point.
the ice in Lake Superior outside the en- That a water pipe is always a good ground
trance to Duluth harbor, to the Cleveland connection. ,m,
steamship offices. The old station at That nobody (except the other fellow) has
Duluth, which has not been In operation a poor tone.
for over a vear, was the only one that could That a l 11.fd. condenser and baby choke
handle traffic from ships in this vicinit:v, make a filter.
therefore the responsibility rested entireiy That direct current generators do not
with the amateur for the handling of traffic need filters.
in this instance. That a rectifier turns out direct cunent.
July, 1924 QST 61

That one'& own oscillating receiver makes By the way-none of these home-made
no QRM. fuses are approved and cannot be used in
That "my set won't work b?low 200 the house wiring. They are good for fila-
meters." ment circuits, ''B" battery circuits, and the
That a "thermo couple ampere" is differ- plate supply circuits in your transmitter,
ent from a "hot wire ampere" however.
That it is necessary fo call local stations -8.K.
"3 & 3''-or more.
That only the other feliow h:1s key clicks. 9BGA saw a R.O.W.H. pin on one of
'fhat a CQ hound has any ,•icuse for the bunch just back from the National
living. Convention. He then asked if he, too,
could become a member of the "Royal
Simple Home-made Fuse• Order of Women Haters."
A fuse of almost any c:a:··c!<'ity can be
made from a strip of metal fml. Tinfoil is The two-ampere battery charging outfit
described on page 46 of last month's QST
can be used for charging storage B bat-
teries by connecting it as shown in the ac-
companying cut. The charging rate, which
should never exceed a quarter of an am-
pere, is determined by the ·size of lamp

more permanent than lead foil and alumi-

num foil is best of all. However, lead melts
rather easily and it is easy to make fuse:;
of it that will blow at very small currents.
None o~ the foils are very strong am! it is
a good idea to clamp them as shown m the
cut :rather than to run the nuts down
directly on the foil, which generally tears
it.
When starting out with a fresh piece of .,',:J,T'P
•fl•,Jt!J" , •• Wrili
foil connect as shown and set the rheostat
so as to get a bit more current than vou
want the fuse to carry; then whittle away
one side of the strip with a razor blade
a pair of scissors until the strip ''blows."
or connected in series with the battery and
You now have the right width and can the voltage of the battery being charged.
make up a bunch of these strips fur future .For eha:rging a 45-volt battery a 7n-watt
use. lamp can be used. It will light at about
Nat1,;rally these .fuses, like any others, half brilliancy when charging.
ought t,1 lw 11ounted on a fireproof base,
asbestos re :1 1 I or slate being good for this If you're not convinced that hams take
purpose. their set~ with them when they depart this
Aluminum foil sueh as is used by sign life, look up :3BTW in the call book.
painters makes good fuses for small cur-
Your electrolytic rectifier ean be made
to work much better by putting one-half
teaspoonful of 26 % ammonia ( obtainable
from your corner drugstore) in each recti-
fier jar. Do not use the ordinary house-
hold ammonia, however, as it forms "soap"
on the plates.
While one of the neighborhood's future
brasspounders was listening in with 9CXT,
a fune came in calling CQ as though he
meant it, and the little hoy proudly said,
"CQ is at Decatur; I have heard lots of
rents but it is pretty fragile and has to be stations calling him." Wonder if 9DQU
cut between sheets of paper. Light tinfoil knows anything about this.
or leadfoil comes next and for still heavier
currents it is best to use standard fuses ; Canadian 30D was arrested for boot-
the home-made ones are dangerous when legging the other day. When returning
over a few amperes are being handled. home from 3JE's station late at night he
 QST ,July, 1924

w:H; accosted at a dark corner hy a police- oietl:', The thing ,v<,! most. .-e,ppr.,.ciatP ~bout it ig that
the 1-;(Uthor ha~ throughout statE:'rl. the qrtits with
man who wanted to know what. he had in which he v,:orks and thf> rnPaning of rhe t.:ymbols
the big black bag he was (;arrylng. "Recti- ~riven in the fonunlas. AB 1,v,:,-. hitve ;:1?1.id in other
th-'r iars", was the answer, but t.he officer r(~vfr•w(5, this rnakes the differt:'ru~e l1etwee1i a, u~eful
handbook r.11td one that had better not hr- r1urcha~eci,
1md1?'i'&tood not. aOD was faken to the sta- ~rhe book H.l~o includeR 11. r,hort Re<~tion in v;hich
tion anct there waR much .. xplaining to do. ::;iw radio tf.Wtl1ff a.rP givf>n in French, English, Ger..
It was only after ;3,JE himself tame down man. l"t,aHRn and ~.>panish. A .further 1jhort section
lif•t~ vnrions radio a~sodf!.tions and .tmblica.tiont-J uf
and told how he had !.oanecl the jar8 rn nuin.v differt!nt nation~. .:\ number of large er•m-
!JOD that ewryone was satisfied. Hi! nterCia1 transmitting Rtations, rnainly F"rE>nch. are
tle::.crihed in great detail. 'There .is a .!arv.e adver-
t.laing- ;-;eetion almost solely occupied by French ad-
Here's another: Canadian asx went V(•.rtis:er:nents but supplemented by a table of ma.nu-
into a radio ;;tore and tol.d the derk he fact.urers which includes a few foreign makers, most.iy
European.
wanted to buy a key. "We c,niy handle .:UtogethPr the book is one that make~ u~ wish
t'adio supplies;'' was the answer, "you'll for a better reading know ledge l)f Preneh.
find a locksmith about three doors down
the ;;treet." "Radio News Amateur's Handibook", re-
printed from past editions of Radio News.
N & K phones, made by Neufeldt and Experimenter Publishing Co., Inc., New
Kuhne of Germany, and which are appear- York City, 210 pages.
ing in the United States, are phones that The man who enjoys constructing apparatus wi11
Rt'e g'Ood both for the broadcast listener and find this hook vvort,h while f:'Yen H only hr~a11~('1 of
the gr,oi,t ,·olume of oifferent ideas presented. Any-
the <:·ode man. A metal ring is furnished one about to huiJd a tuner will enjoy :reading the
with ea,,h phone, which if placed beneath first 80 pages. or so although he e.a ti not help not\Clng
the diaphram ('ttuses the phone to give at the s1:une t.ime- that tuner articles u~uaily bPcome
svmewhat obsolete in the t.ime that. it takes to make
,,xceptionally i,:ood quality on broadcast re- them into a bnok. This is p~1·haps b<>.st illustrated
ceµtion. By removing this dng. or placing hy the rPpeated appearance of the i:;1.iper-.regenerative
it. nn tQp of the dfaphram the quality is ·1·H~eiver ! in ~xceHent shaJ,e it is tr1.1e'.1 at H tlm~ when
tmpaired but the ,;ensitivity to weak sig- !~~h al:~('.t,~~1\~edrf,o : k! l~R~~~!¥
0 1 1 0
i~h :~~ (;~it~;f•,of }!:
nals ii:; increased, thus making the receiver hook ln his daim that the fin;t tunPr de~cribed ht
i1Pt.ter :from the standpoint of the code man. in way "a tyr,icaJ amateur .W.<~eiverH.
11,11y
'l1hP prest?nt revlE-we.r eannot effe1:o;tively 1.:ritici::tt:!
the first article on wa,·emeters her.~ause he helped to
A large papier mache A.R.R.L. nnblem, writ.e it for the Bureatl of Standards t.rom whmw
lett.er...c.ireular the krtic1e is t..akf"n w·ithout 11_,ny ~re.dit
18 inches high, in hlack and gold, has been being given, Of thP sP.(':ond wa.vPmeter article, one
added to t.he list of "A.R.R.L. A.pparatus." hat-1 only t.o ARY that it is the ·1,,,-orst. of' bad practice
to attempt using the same- enrve .for different wa.ve-
'I'his emblem is Just the thing for hanging meters. even if they are built alike.
on the wall of your station. it can also The transmitting Hrticles yary vtiriely in quaiity,
l.m used hy affiliated radio dubs, radio con- ranging from a gnod article hy Ev~•rH.t W. Thatcher
in which be d~Acribes his own st.at.ion to an article
ventions, and is tine for use in decorating \Vhi~h ii:- vrritteu i:I round the idea that a transmitiing
your dub hooth at the radio ~how. Yoti set must be f.WOd for amateur work H the Gr.11eral
will find these large emblems advertised F.H~ciric Coml)any built it~ The at1thor of thjs latter
ecrticle eh.,.,rfully igTiore1< the fact that this <lesign
in ,Tune r;JST. 1.ya8 handicapped by .aircraft requireme~t,c; and makf:l:S
matters wnrf.le hy ;-iupplying .~evf."ral incorrert dia-
~trams.
HTweive years a"o the amateur boasted .. 'rhe- latt~r half ,:,f the book deal8 '.dth radio
tn his friends of hi;, <·omnmnications over theory in Yarious ways and on the vrhole w~ Hke it,
a few hundred mileR. To-day our amateurs, those things on which we !'ed doubtful beinf!' in the
fleld ()f ,JµIuion r~ther than definite fact. ;1'11at
to whom much of our radio progress is before the rear ;:~over one ar.riYe5 at a short HPeHon
justly due. nightly ~,,nd messa,ges across on the m.aking of eoila which we en.n praise without
1·r-i-;erv-ation i it. ('ont.ains R vRriety of thoroughly R'OOd
the Atlantic oeean ". Herbert Hoover, ideRA,
Secretary of Comnwn·e. addressing the Taken as a whole the Amateur'• Handibook ranks
House Committee on M(,rchant Marine & ;.vell up in it.ff cfass a11d is worth ru.1rchasing and
W-!.ing,
Fi:-;hPries, at the opening of hearings on
the White Bill.
"The ~upPr-hete1·odyne Manual", by Vic-
tor Greif, E.E. The Receptrad Press, 57
---·-··----- .
Bank St., New York City.
For those about tn eonstruct a i':11.lPer-heterodyne
Book Review or. those ~va. nting t,-0 know if they 8hnuid l'nn~truet a
super-heterodynP thi~ hook ]g heartily reeornrnended.
It pres~nts in turn. and v(•ry elear.ly, the principle on
By S. Kn;.;;e. Technical E,'ditor w·hir.h the ";:i.uper 1,vorkP,:~ a vvea.lth of detail a.s to
0

the variou& modifh~atiuns or. the eircuit and finally

"A.nnuaire De La T. t:l. F.'', (;dited by some i.vorking drawings for the ,::onstrur.tion of ft
va rtieu la r. type.
Etienne Chiron, -10 Rue de Selne, Paris, :\ lthough written to a cert.a.in extent R.round the
France. ··.R.e(•eptrad" products. the book by no means confines
A F'rench yPar-book modeled much along the .ame itself to them hut dis.cusses with franknesB and fair-
lines as the Marconi year-hook. The first two sec- ness the c-rn~re1:t design of the different parts of a.
tions deal respectively with the International agree- '·,Super." a~ -w1:dl aa the popular varia.Hons of the
nients of 1912 aud the various laws governing radio com- fundamental circuit.
munications. '!'he usual international callbook is includ- We ean recommend the hook 11nhesitatin1<lY and
ed in about as good form as we have ever seen it. The only wish that the author had not said "re-radiation ..
section of radio formulas is unusually large and com- ·when he meant '·radla.tion.''
 "Radio Handbook", by International Cor-
respondence Schools, Scranton, Pennsyl-
vania. $LOO postpaid.
The International Correspondence School Handbook
on Radio has b~en review1.~d by us before. The first
t~rtition ha!'! now been revised and in the fiftieth
thousand v;e h~se ahout as pleasing and ai;,1 generally
satisfaetury ft handbook as one could wiRh for.

"Experimental Radio", by Professor R.R.

Ramsey, r>ept. of Physics, Indiana Uni-
versity. Publishers, Edwards Brothers,
Ann Arbor, Mich. !!'or sale by University
Book Htore, Bloomington, Indiana, or the
QST Book Department, $2.00.
"FJ:xperimental Radio" in ils fi.rst edition has pre-
Yiously bPt:rn reviewe<l in QST. Now, as then, we
recommend it very i:;.trongly to the radio €Xperimenter.
[n the revised edition the book has been enlarged until
it- presents a. st.'ries of 85 very (\x.cellent experiments.
To this has been added a brief but excellent list of
1•~ferrnee hooks, some valuable notes on the construe ..
tion of Jahoratory RJlparatua a.nd some notes for sug-
gested Px:reriments on the (1~1::!Hlating are., the res ..
onance coil, the Te:da <~oil and the Lecher wires.
The entire maual is built on the idea that tbe ex-
perimenter ,vil1 not. he '\'lnJ.althy and will not have
a great deal ,.,f apparatus~ hence it should appeal
lo the amateur. Certainly we will guarantee that even
" hurried reading of ihe l.,ook will suggest to him
A Real Amateur Wave-
s~veral doz~ns things that he does not know and
wants to know.
meter, Range 140-230
Meters, One Meter Divi-•
"'rhe Radio Manual" by Orrin E. Dunlap,
J·r., B.S., Houghton-Mifflin Company, Boston sion Scale. Also Reads
and New York. .Price $2.50.
The overnight radio expert is passing nut, t.he
in Kilocycles.
man who re;dly knows is <·oming into his own.
No bet.tRr illustration of this <'>tn be thought of
than th~ rH~anpe:-trHll('f' nf the ,vild books ihat wi:.,;
ATminent
the request of a number of pro-
amateurs, we have developed
were reading t\vo ye;;1rs ago and the arising in their a special amateur range wavemeter,
plaee of HUt:"h books a~ rhe lladio Manuu.l. Mr. which is equipped with a special con-
Dunlap i~ not only \1rriting an intereRting ~t,rry, denser arrangement whereby the scale
hf;' iM- d~aHng in. facts anrl hf:! is keeping those facts
in splendid proportion to t>a,:h other. rrhis is what is broadened, enabling accurate read-
nnP would PXpect from a tnan who has had varied ings to be made with considerable ease.
t:xperience in the MA.:rroni ~ervice. the Navy Service. The one meter divisions are approxi-
and now :-u".l Radio Editor or The New :Fork Tirne~.
It i~ :ctn unusual radio P-mateur who will not get mately one millimeter wide.
both uleasure and protit in reading this book from D. C. Wallace of fJZT-DXAX winner of
"The Birth of Radiou to HRadio Dictionary";> the 1923 Hoove1: Cup, made a test i,f
this wavemeter against the most elabor-
ate standards available, showing the in-
strument to be far mo1·e accurate than
~;;:> wt,uld be expected from its low price.
The experiences and statements of other
urominent amateurs show this ;;pedal
'•·~ ..~ De Luxe Socket amateur wavemeter to he quite accurate
lle .Luxe The laminated phosphor bronze and so built that the accuracy will be
C1.1nta1.!t contacts of the Na-aid De Luxe i·etained. ·
Sockets press firmly on both the
ends and sides of tube pron,rs, .fewell Pattern No. (Hi amateur range
keeping the surface clean and in .. waverneter, price $25.00. Range, 140-
suring clear reception. 280 meters.
Moulded of genuine Bakelite this
socket expresses the very highest BROADCAST RANGE
quality in appearance and work-
O cover the broadcast range, there is
manship.
AI,.DEN MANUFACTURING CO. T a wavemeter similar to the above
with a range of 150-625 meters, as well
Largest Makers of Radio Sockets
Na-aid De Luxe and Dials in ihe world. as a special type equipped with a self-
No. 400 Springfield, Mass. contained buzzer and dry cell for check-
Dept. M 52 Willow St. ing receiving sets and having a range of
200-625 meters.
The instrument for checking transmit-
ting sets is priced at $20.00 and the
wavemeter complete with buzzer zmd dry
cell at $30.00 .
•JEWELL ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENT CO.
.. ...,.. 'i'Ch······- 1640 WALNUT STREET CHICAGO
....,,___--'===-..1 MONEY REFUNDED ifNotDeligb!ed Manu,Ja,cturers of the ~Jewell t:ion1,1-1lete line oi
Write tor TN't)JVTDUAL Radio Stationery and lotr aamplesand prices. miniature switchboard ir,.struments. Jeuie.ll radio
Sena urder urUh chec.t: or mone11 order Today-NOW. teHt sPt, wavemefrrs, etc.
____ 'RADIO PRINTERS, 17 Main St., Mendota, llllnolt
ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 63
 SERIES "DR"
Compact
Precision Condensers
'l'his series has been designed to
meet the demand for an excellent com-
mercial reasonably priced condenser.
Its compact size makes it desirable for
mounting where weight and small size
is an important factor.
They are made in all sizes from :1 plate up to 43
plate vernier.
'rhe 23 plate ha..-; a maximum to minimum Capacity
Ratio of 60/1. We use no washers in our rotor or stator
assemblies. The rotor shaft is moulded around the plate.
We have reduced insulating material to the necessary minimum.
Some -valuabl-e Jobbers' tt,rritory still open.
THE DUPLEX ENGINE GOVERNOR CO., INC.
32 Flatbush Ave. Extension
Brooklyn, N. Y.

ANNOUNCING
THE NEW

T~ORDARSON
2:1 RATIO TRANSFORMER
( audio frequency)
UNEXCELLED
2: 1 ratio $5.00 FOR MUSICAL REPRODUCTION
,vhen you find a better transformer
it will bear the name Thordarson.
Built by Transformer Experts.
Recommended by Music Lovers.
Sold by best ,Jobbers and Dealers.
THORDARSON ELECTRIC MFG. CO.
500 W. HURON ST. CHICAGO
64 ALWAYS MENTION Q S T WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS
 ENJOY A
RADIO SUMMER
RADIO will play a wonderful countries foremost orators will
part in your summer plea- address you.
,=I ,=I
sures. At home or vacationing
Broadcasting stations are in-
- seashore- north woods or creasing their sending power.
mountain nook, radio will be The bugaboo of summer static
a friendly, convenient com- is no longer feared. And so re-
pamon. markable has been the improve-
ment and simplification of re-
Music from far distant hotel ceiving sets that you will find
orchestras will play for your their cost much lower than you
dances and beach parties. might expect.
Through head phones and loud Fi Fi
speakers will crash the roar of Give thought now to summer
the ball game.Religious services radio. Replace your worn out
from metropolitan churches will batteries with Burgess 'A,' 'B'
add to your further enjoyment and 'C's, which are recognized
of the Sabath. During and after by expert and amateur alike as
the presidential conventions the the best obtainable.
"Ask Any Radio Engineer"

BURGESS
RADIO BATTERIES

BURGESS BATTERY COMPANY lN

E,.,GINEERS - DRY BATTERIES ,. MANUFACTURERS
FLASHLIGHT • RADIO - IGNITION • TELEPHONE
GllNltRAL SALES OFFICI!:: HARRIS TRUST BLDG., CHICAGO
LABORATORlllS AND WORKS, MAPJSON, WISCONSIN
BRANCHES
HW \'OltM SOSTOlf KANSAS CITY 1!41NUA'POll$
WAIHll(;TOIN PUTSBtJRGtt ST.LOUIS IHW 09U:AIIIS

tN CANADA
Pt.ANTS: NIAGARA FALLS AND WINNIPEG
IIIIA.tlCHfS-1 'l'Ofl'Otno • MONT!!f:AI. • sr. JOHil

ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 65

Crosley 51. $18.50
Crosley 52. $ 30.00
Crosley 51-P ·Portable, $ 25.00

Crosley 51-A, $14.00 Crosley 50-A, $18.00

Crosley 50, $14.50

One of these Crosley Models

will satisfy every pocketbook,
every purpose and every taste
Head the next page carefully, you will find the Radio Re---
"eiver to rleaRe you. Your gatisfaction is guaranteed by the
fact that Crosley manufactured and sold more Radio Re-
eeiving Sets, in the past year, than any other manufacturer
'in the world.
F'or Sale by Good Dealers Everywhere
Write {or descrif>I i-z•e circular
The CROSLEY RADIO CORPORATION
POWEL CROSLEY, JR., p..,,,,ident
718 Alfred Street, Cincinnati, Ohio

ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

 CROSLEY 50 A new onf' tube Arm~troh!l; H.egeneralive ReC'~ive:r. '\Ve be-
lieve thii:; to he the most etlicient one t•tht• r,•cf'iver ~Vt!t' put on the n1arket.
l,ike our pr1:1s-Pnt Model V, whl1.!h it ~11per,.;~de~, it ·~,•.-ill bring in. under
:.:p,,-prage conditions~ on hearlphones, bruadca:-;ting <:;t,ations at a distance tjf
one thotrnanrl miles or more. (Jges any :-it,anrlard storage battery or dry cell
vacuum Lube. Price $14.50.
CRO8LEY 50-A A nt"W two -stage A11dio Frequency ,\mplifier to match the
rww Model 50 receiver. This u11it iK Pt..tuipped with a filament switch for
~hutting ntf the current -from the '-1\ •• 1t.11d ··B" BaUerie~. \rVhen w:~ed in
cu1u1t!ction with the Urmdf:'y Model 50 tt.ee,,,.JvPr, it gives the e~iuivalent of
a three tube rev;t-nerativf' l't-'C~ivt;>r, Price SHU)O.
f'ROSLEY :a ln twe-nty~four Clays thi:-$ ree(•iv<"r bPeame the hig~est st:>llini.t
radio t·etieiving s.et in the world aurl it holds that position today. h W:i~M
two r.tandard Htora\!t: hattery or dry cell tube~. r~v..,..nerative detector u11d
1..me Mr.age of audio freqt..h:!l!C.V amplitic.::ttiun. Will bring in local stations
on the lourl ~pl"akf'r at all tim~ti. and unrlPr avf'rai~e eonditions will also
b'rin~ in di~tant ~tat.ion~ on thP loud Hpeakf'r. Price $18.50.
CROSLEY :a-A A new on"" :-.t»ge Audio FrPquency Amplifiet" t.o n1a.tch the
Model 01 rf'ceivf:'r. "\Vhen used in eonnPr\tion \vit,h the Crosley Morlf'1 fil
Rt't~t.-'iver it 5{ivP~ thf' t•quivalent uf a thrt"t> tub~ rei<{eneratin~ 1."t>eeiver.
PriL~~ SJ 4.00.
Cl-tf>~LEY 52 A ,u!W t.hrt!l~ tublc' Aru_p,.tron~; Regenerative R~f!t?iver, has
phone jack to t.>lug in 011 t:wo tube::, and tilament switch to turn utf the ".AH
.1t1d "H" Uatteril:'~. Ir h~ unu~uaHy f.itlicieu.t. ;,\'ill providP loud r.>l)t"aker
volume (1t1 <listant. stations under practically all conditions. ~nd is in evt-1-ry
vray :,:i_n irlP~ I l't:"eeivt:"r l'ol' the hon1F, Price -~rno.ou.
CROSLEY 51-P rrhifl is nur new pvrtable ~t:>t. H is t-hP Cro!-\lt=>y Mortel fil
.,
twu tllhe r.e~ei...,er niuu11ted in a lt--'at.hert!Ue cvvt:"rt.•d. 1.'lcl.rrying eaqP.. has a
c1.,mpartmt>nt fnr ~ pair uf headphor1i;:~ anri 01w tn hold an ample r>•)WP.I'
plant for thP popular rtry ceil vacuum t.ubefl., This reeelver eatt be used
Ht:- a 1:--t.ationary :::H_ in rhP hum(~ 1\r H:-; a port.able, Price :S25.00.
{.'ROSL(l;y T1URHYN !U(:J This three t:.ubc rl-:',:•.-:-iver v,iVf•fl'. t.hP pfHciPnr,y awi
vuiume ,.,f H tin~ tuhE:' r1_•n•ivl;'r-, lncorporatinv Radio l?requeney A.. mpHfi-
cttt1on. Hegeneratiw.• DPtPctor with one ~ta¥t' of H.Pt1exed and <me ~tage of /.' i·.
~traight Audio Freitltenr.y ,:\mpliricatiun.. C'a 1 i bP 'l..•::tiihrated :-i.ccurateJy-
-~t.ations lo~g,2d ariri rt•tnrnt>rl r.o at wilt Tfsed f•TI outdoor ,:,r :-.hort indoor
antenna Hnd i:-., .,,.,.,;:" h•:!iPvf:.', ,:hP nwst Ptfic.ient »nd ~h:a.rpe~t tuning reeeivPr
on the matkf•t :,d :.;11y 11rl<'e for hrin!Z"inv. in Ion~ .Jiistance- ::-talion$~
Pric-.., ;E-.H/,.no.
f'RO:SLEY TRIRH'fN aR:1 ~tR•efa_L 'fhi~ t't->PPin-•1' •s ex:.H:tlv the ~r.ufte x~ t.he
Trirdyn :~;H.:S t-')l,,cept th~ -.,..-!id mahogany n,hit1Pt is !;:irg-er: nnd more hand-
0•-•n.wly dl":'~lvned 1:0 harmoni7.P with the most hP<Httifnl furniture f-Pttin~s.
1:rhere i-::. ~ntticdPn-r. Al)rt<'i--> insidP. tnr all the "'.:\" nnd "P." HattPriP!-\ rt'qUirf:'<t
v,.-ht'n ~t-<Andard dry <:'.•~II tqhp;.. Art-• 1nwd. .Price ;:;,; :,.no.

For Sale by Hood Dealers Everywhere

U' rile for descriptive circular

ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 67

 SELECTIVE TUNING
An efficient eondenser v:ith a properly de-
signed inductance insures selectivity-and
that means

THE LOW LOSS

GENERAL
INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
GROUNDED ROTOR CONDENSER

Greater Distance and Volume

Be good to your ears Than Is Possible with the Average

Variable Condenser
CHARLES SUBRIU)Ff,', o·p.::,,·a,tnr 10,d owner of
T HE enjoyment you get from re-
lay work depends greatly npon
the headphones you use. If they are
station ?..BH,Y w-ri:fts, Ht'ou ea:n nae trl.y name in
i,our 1:u:foertise'nu;·TU..w s;;, tha,t other rtmate·urs tn.ay
i!rofi.t b_y ·fit·y t''.i::·r.ierim<.('.t:- u,ith your Low Loss
Grounded .Rotor Cond~nser. :rhere iB no• other con.-
inferior-the results will be unsatis- dt'ntwr to f,'.(/Uat 110·1.trs amd' t ,ia.n, honestly sa.y that
factory. rny station is f<·ntirely f-u;e trom a·uu condin8er~ losses
Murdock Radio Phones are de- ,;ince11sing your OROUNDND RiJI'OR CONDEN-
SER. .4.tnateurs ca:n ,:,:•.aU n-,.e nny n-!uht b~tun~en
signed to give the utmost satisfaction 11 p. rn. and 1 a-. i'i'L or,. 180 tnete-rs-thice ,;,pm·rdorN
under all conditions of radio recep- rilumys on W(,J.fr.h."
tion. Powerful magnets and sensi- Minimum Maximum
tive diaphragms-·- correctly seated Type 46X .. 1 t Plate 5 mmfd .00025 mfd $1.50
and clamped-·make them unsur- Type 46.A .. 13 Plate 6 mmfd ,0003 mfd 4.50
passed for dx work. '!'he new im- Type 460 . , 21 Plate 9 mmfd .0005 mfd 5.00
proved head-band gives you comfort 'rype 46f'. A3 Plate 15 mmfd .001 mfd 5.50
for the hours you spend at relaying. AT YOUR DE.ALER
Be good to your ears. Get a pair
of Murdock& today-and enjoy the Otherwise Send Purchase Price Direct to Us
pleasure of dear, volume eeproduc- And You Will Be Supplied
tion-•-efficiency that lasts for years.
Murdocks sell at. a moderate price- GENERAL INSTRUMENT
and are fully guaranteed. CORPORATION
WM . .J. MURDOCK COMPANY 4-23 Broome Street, New York City
;:~43 \Vashington Avenue, Chelseap Mass.
8ales OfnrPs: New York Chicago and San Francisco

URD Cit
RADJIO PHONIES
Standard since 1904 . . A, dealer.i., ot· Postpaid
Durham & Co., 19,6 Market St., Phila.

WM . .I. MURDOCK CO.,

343 \Vasbington Ave., Chelsea, Mass.
(tf•nt.Jemen: k'lea:::e ~end me, wit.hout obliga- RADIO MASTS
tion. :,,i:-n1r f.ree huuklet---""The .Ears of. Radio/· When you huy a Whittlesey Self-Supporting Standard
--Mthich contains "important dM.ta on head- Stee-1 Mast yuu buy a mast-head pulley. raising eahlc-,
t>hones. and hoisHng reo,l as wrll. This is the Whittlesey Sys-
tem. Patents pendin,ix. Never dimh up e·"cept for
Name....................................................... •····-···-········· painting, then °use the elt!vator. •• These ma~ts are
,wlid, stilf, rigid and beautiful. 50-75-100-125 feei.
i
Address···················-·················---········-·--········· THE WHITTLESEY ENGINEERING CO.
•••••~••••••••·••••~ ••••••••••H• ~-•- .....n~
i Cleveland, Ohi.o
a ,mm w& i WI
ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS
 Qarity a,ul ne ge ~
KelloggTransform~ ·

T HE reproduction of the highest tones

as well as those of the lower extreme
of the scale, with faithful, pure quality
is essentially the spirit of Kellogg trans·
former design.
The lover of better music searches for
a rendition simulating the original or·
chestra. The ringing tones of brass, the
mellowness of wood, the shrill of wind
and the fan fare of reed. all in their in-
dividual expression. ·
Plainly marked terminals, brass
The Kellogg transformer accomplishes shielding, moulded Bakelite tops, perfect
this to a wonderful degree because of its .finish, axe further quality and design
perfect magnetic prope~ties accomplished expressions.
with the silicon steel laminations with-
Amplify your pleasure with perfect
out punched holes.
amplifiers
This feature, distinctly Kellogg, dimin-
inates losses to a greater degree than could USE- Is the Test
be otherwise obtained. A- transformer is
as good as its absence of losses.
No.
No. 502 _ 3 10 11 {\ EquaII y emc1ent.
501-4½to cr.,.
Price $4.50.

KELLOGG SWITCI-IBOARD & SUPPLY COlVIPANY

1066 WEST ADAMS STREET, CHICAGO, ILL.

ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 69

 Facts that help A.R.R.L. men in~
picking reliable radio instruments
"WESTON F:lectt·i(•al Indicat- meter i,; corren at all parts ,..>f
ing Instruments ;.,r.. the ihe state.
\Vorld's standard. This fact i,; ln th,? tield of powN genera-
admitted without ~,rgument by tion and distribution, in the
practicallv evervone 111 the laboratory, in the eentrat sta-
electrical· industry. Weston tion <>!' industrial plant, ,rnd
meters m·e used a;. ;,.tandards in the field of p,,rtable instru-
hv the makers uf most other ments. Weston meters are 1·ec-
ir;~truments. They are to he og•nized as the "tandard.
found in scientific laboratories .i\lf.oreover, the line is eom µlet,?.
c\Tery\'v.here. Weston radio instruments
hav,~ the same fine qualities a;;
Filament Voltmeter Every Weston meter is better a I I other W estoi1 meters.
Weston Stands Alone than any other meter of the Booklet ,J describes these in-
same ela;;s. A Weston met,. r 0
struments and will be sent
Thfl W E>stnn ~:tee:tricai [n8tru-
n1~n-r, Company has pione,•tP.d in i:s alwa)'S ,mtisfa<:tory or re- free on reque~t. 1.f your
th~ de¥fciopn1ent and ma.nnfae- turnable at full value. Many dealer can not supply you wit.h
r1.1rt1 of p!f--etri-(•~l indic_>atinR in- meters are correct. at zero and \Veston instruments write
~i.rumenh; f,H' '.:\ti ;:e;.11·--; in
(·'vrry branch of the t.--leetrical at full ~.cale. The Wes ton direct to th,, company.
inc!u~try.
WESTON ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENT CO., 158 Weston Ave., Newark, N. J.
~-

illi -
iii "VJE:!s;1r-• N
,Write/or
a copy
today

Freshman Double i',<lJU•t• A oew twenty.four pal!e booklet will

able Crystal Detector for
panel or base use complete
Fre;;hman Super Crystal · •
$J 50 he sent, gratis, to those interested in
building their nwn receiving sets.
with Non-Metallic Housing . . , . 50c .\ simplified method of eontruction is
.At ym1r d.e-alt"r8 or ~end purchase price
and yo,u t.,vill he supplied postpaid. described. Hlustrations 11nd diagrams.
FREE: \VritP for h11llrting- r·!nns ttnd hook-1.q1~ of
HU!Jt'r-Hetero<lynP, H,~:fie'\": .. ,.nd or,her 11upula,r On Nt:11uest
,.;1Kk fc,r l!':lt L-11 J.
, 1rr-mt.i-,t.
EISEMANN MAG:',ETO CORPN.

1<>5 BkUAUWAY, NEW YOkls.

h)6 Seventh Ave., New York City
,_ $i44@.g;::.mr,,,,,=;,~~~:,;m;.~-»~idffiNJ,@ruii15im'i@fflfflfl'!
70 •\LWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS
 •

Stop
Amplifying
Static!
ET good radio results all summer!
G .,,- Take advantage of the better
receiving sets-of the better broad-
casting.
And use N & K Imported Phones.
Because N & K Phones, used with
detector unit alone, bring in the entire
range of broadcasting-both high and
low tones-with utmost clearness,
without exaggeration of interfering
noises.
Recent laboratory tests made with N & K
Phones showed a maximum audibility over
the wide range of 300 to 6000 cycles. We
believe this to be the widest range of any
phone made.
Most radio users this summer will stop
amplif_ying static by giving their loud
speakers a rest. If they use N & K Phones,
the amazing clearness of N & K reception
will permit them to suppress static and get
the full effect of the broadcasting.
Take home a pair of N & K Phones today
and be your own judge. Any authorized
N & K dealer will sell you a pair on our
money-back guarantee basis. If your dealer
is not yet supplied, order from us direct.
N &. K Head Set-Model D
4000ohms,has extra large diaphragms,
vvhich give greater clearness and
greater comfort. Neat,leather-covered
head bands. Eix foot cord. Sold under
Guarantee: "Your money back if N IPK
Phones do not give clearer, mellow~r,
more natural tone and fit more c-om-
fortably.11 Price $8.50. Send tor free
folder-"The Phones the Fans Are All
Talkin!l About."
DEALERS:
Put an N NP K Head Set into the customer's hande and tell
him to try it. N Ilic' K will do the rest! N IF K Is backed by
wide~prec,:i advertising Y(hich goes direct to radio fans all
over America.. Display N NP K Phones e.nd you cannot fail
to caiilh in on this advertising. Packed in cartons of ten .
.A.Bk yuur jobber.

TH. GOLDSCHMIDT CORP.

l 5 William :::itreet New York

ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTTSERS 71

 Takes the
MYSTERY
out of RADIO!
Just one book answers every ques-
Tl_U-JACK is the most notable
tion about this modern miracle improvement that has ever
been made in radio jacks! Put
TRI-JACK on your radio set
50,000 SOLD
514 PAGES
,ind you \vill eliminate all those
little :.innoyances vvhich are so
Compil,d by common to 01·dinary jacks.
HARRY F. DART, E.E.
Formerlv with the
Western· Electrlt-:
TRI-JACK 1;; super...:: ·,mpact,
Co,, and U, S. being moulded of solid Bakelite
Army lnstrnctor of
Kadio. l'':d ". It is dustprouf, solderless,
;rnd .:ombines a .single and a
double circuit jack in one. And
T ecltnically Edited by F. H. Doane it is the nearest to Zero Capacity
E A HADIO c•xpert--•it's easy for the ,so far produced!
B 50,000 who own thiia r•ompac•t, complete
Radio Handbook. ·written in ictood, plain,
understandable langua_ge. Crammed full Insist upon TRI-JACK. 1"our
of fads, every one, u~,.ful anrl important.
FJxplains how rP<'<eivers and transmitters ~ct needs them for good results!
work. how t0 ·build and operat8 them.
'\VhatP.VPr yon or 3-rour friends want to
k'now. it',< here. '\Vill save you many
times its Hma'Jl r,o,Jt.
TELLS ALL ABOUT: Electric-al terms
and circuits, antennas, batteries, genera-
tors and motors, electron 4. vacuum)
tube&,. every receiving hook-up, radio and
audio frequency a1npli6cation, broadcast
a.nd commercial transmitters and receiv ..
era, super-regeneration, codes, license
rules~ Many other features.
Nothing ,:,hie like H. Make this ex-
traordinary hook your ratllo library-
just this one little giant ls all you need. BROOKLYN
Everything in one index, under one (:overt METAL
in one book, for one dollar. The biggest STAMPING Co1-p.
riollar's worth in radio to-day. Combines
the knowledg-,, of many expensive works. 718 Atlantic Avenue, Brooklqn N.Y.
Huy this and save the difference. Stop
expPrimenting ln the dark. Before you
spentl another ,•.t-;nt on parts or f::Vt?n
touch "· dial, si_gn and mail the coupon
below and 1ret thls unique guide to suc-
(:BsHfu 1 radio.
Send $,1 to-day and get this 514-page l. C. S.
Radio Handbook-the big.gest 11alue in radio
l'o-day. Money back if not satisfied.
r--------- TEAR OUT HERE
I INTERNATIONAL ,0URBE~PONDfNCB ~CR00~8 I
--------7
! Hox bl.~5-B, ::ictanton, I enna. ~

I i,h; ~~~4~~p:·!~E' /l~_!,iRk .d:i1i~~fB.:~goo~~1/ f~-;~~;t;:

1 0
f
f
f
ffu;(j b~_r {Stt.hi~mn~it . r:i!rp~~}~!.~r~ini ~e1~n:t':::.~
J1.wney,
~
I Marie Transformers
I I
! ""-"'•. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : The Heart of a Good Receiver
!
L .l.rture.... , ............................................................................ _ J! Marie Engineering Co.
Orange New Jersey
72 ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING 1'0 ADVERTISERS
 Baldwin ctnd Bakelite
The clear tone of this popular under varying atmospheric con-
headset. made by Nathaniel ditions, Bakelite shows no signs
Baldwin, Inc., of Salt Lake City, of deterioration. Its color does
has been developed by. careful not fade and its fine finish is
experimentation in every phase impervious to oils, acids and
of its manufacture, from the moisture.
selection of raw materials to the
final testing of the completed in- "The Iviaterial of H Thousand
strument. Uses'' possesses many valuable
properties which make it pecu-
Bakelite is used for the receivers liarly suitable for use in radio
be,.:ause it is strong, and light equipment.
in weight. After years of service Send for a copy of Booklet C.

Send for our Radio Map

The Bakelite Radio Map lists the call
BAKELITE letters. wave length an.d location of everv
broadcasting station in the worid. Enclos"e
Condensite 10 cents to ~;over the cost and we will send
f!.t_--:VHANOL you this map. Address Map Department.
!lire th~ teti&tered
Tr:.ri,. M..arics for the
Plwnnl Hl"«n'\ f>roducts
rnanuf,..('tur~d under BAKELITE CORPORATION
pat1;11.t1 ownf'd by
247 Park Avenue, New York, N. Y.
BAKELITE
CORPORATION Chicago Office: 636 West 22d Street

THE MATERIAL OJ<' A THOUSAND USES

ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 78

 Federal No. 102 Special Set is
"CONVERTIBLE"
"Convertible'' :ls the only word that even
nearly describes the Federal No. 102 Special
Receiver. It is a complete "portable'' set,
with dry batteries, head phones, ete., ready
for immediate eamp or road use,----PLUS the
capacity for quick and easy changing to wet
battery for dty or country "home" use. True
to Federal Rtandards, the No. 102 Special in-
corporates exceptional tone beauty, selPctiv-
ity and distance range. Federal rlexibilit.v
pervades throughout,--the No 102 Special
will operate perfectly on any tube inter-
changeably.
~-~

~...,~t
A_t1k_ tHI!( .J,'ederr~.l Deape1· [o,1'... '.; demo11.qf.ratfon
o/ /.tie f edera.1 'FF 102 ::,;pecra-1 ::,Jet.

~ar~J.
~I~ U. ~ ~ "
FEDERAL TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH CO.
Hulfalo,N. Y.
,,,, ,,, "" ,,,,
Standard RAD JQ Products Jtebcra!
'?!1'. ,,.i,.,,1 RADIO J.> •,ii) K

Roston, New York. Philadelphia. Chicago, Pittshurgh, '

San ~"'rancisco~ BridgehurJt. Canada. Lundon l~nf(tand
9

-=
NOW IS THE TIME, AMATEURS!
To Do Your Experimental Work on Your Receivers in anticipation of
Better "DX" This Winter
Parts of every description and at prices that are right to rebuild or add to your
present equipment.
You Will Work EUROPE THIS WINTER
With A Good Set-
l.n,,k over n few of the itenrn worth while.
Variometers Reinartz t:oits Formica Pa.neis
Varjocouoiers Condensers Jacks
Cock--a-dlty coils Rheostats Plugs

ROSE RADIO and ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES

129 CAMP STREET, NEW ORLEANS, LA.
Pioneers in the Radio Field.

~-Aa:p]
When phonographs we.-., first
--~
.U--:m-
llse HOMM£L
S£UVI.CE'
I L- ,,___~,.., ---'~-
made they were square boxes
without ornamentation. Like-- ----~·
•'I~

~Ut.Vt<'..(i;
-;,,.,_,,,, 1W' DllllU. qilllr
tJ.... •:..:
rmno
wise the first dials 1 turned out
in a lahoratory,-•had hard
HOMM••·· ..,._. ,._~t11e~·
HoMM~t. Ji.C:IIIVlci: 1-4-0M..M,fi. ,))e;~
straight lines foi- shape.
Beauty is a later development~ By aligning ,rou~seli with the Hommel Or-
Na-aid dials havf- soft, grace- ganization you have aeces13 t,-, ample stocke. ·of
ful lines which makes them the Jeading lines t•f radio ~.uipment at all
vc,·y pleasing to the "Y"·They times, and can serve your customers promptly
~•xithout the necessity nf tying up your own
lead in both beauty and
quality. They h,we t.he right working car,i.tal.
grip for delicate~ exact tuning. Write for
Hommel's illustrated Encyrlop~dia '!:,2-HiT.
ALDEN MANUFACTURING CO.
Larg;est maker.~ of Radio 3 inch
LUDWIG HOMMEL & CO.
Whofos,,le ,fof>bers Exc!wnvely
Soekets and DialR in thP world No. 3003--4 929 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, Penna.
Springfield. Mass. 35c-~ 3 for $ 1.00
Dept. M 52 Willow St.

74 ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

 C7;:HE mechanical principles of
\'.J Magnavox- Reproducers are
,;s marvelous as ih<c: voca.J chords
of a great sinlf,er.

M4

The latest Magnavox

Reproducer; bcauti--
fu lly finished. Re ..
yuiri:tt no bl:lttery.
· C]fu:, fAs_prod;;;;;a 8Upremc
with a fli.yma.n qfiroat ~
The semi-dynamic mechanism of the new Magnavox
M4 Reproducer, shown above, insures utmost clear-
ness of tone-a remarkable advance over the or-
dinary instrument requiring no battery. There is a
Magnavox for every type of receiving set.
Magnavox Reproducers-R3 ~nd R2 electro-dynamic with
Volume Control; M4 and Ml semi-dynamic, requiring
no battery . $25.00 to $50.00
lvfagnavox Cornbination Sets-the only instruments com-
hining electro-dynamic Reproducer and Power Ampli-
fier in one unit $59.00, $85.00
Magnavox Power Amplifiers - the most efficient audio-
frequency Amplifiers; one, two and three stage
$2 7 .50 to $60.00
New Model with To ohtain the fullest usefulness ,.md enjoyment from your receidng
Volume Control s..:t, "'-iuip it with Magnavox--for sale at good dealers e,•eryu•here.
The, fa1TtOl1S t"lt:'.'Ctto-
11 vnam 1 c Rt'pru--
ducer; ope-rares f<.oft, THE MAGNAVOX CO., OAKLAND, CALIF.
wed um or loud as
~ic:sited. New 'York Office: 350 West 31st Street
$35.00 Canadian Distributors:
7R Perkins Electric Limited, Toronto, Montreal, Winnipeg

ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 75

 'J'1n.1e 580 i/j ,Je ..
signr1d for low- lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll~-==~±.~.
li ow e -r <.•ontin.-
1.wus -W~'t'I;'" f:tslez
phone tt"tHl f.de- Improve your -
fJl"aph t.rr1,nsmi8-
air.m. 1t
atso a8 a,
'/8
t.unlnu
'IHU!d set with an I
,:;r fao1~r,tin.(1
,.h:rise.,, a.s
co-,,...
a. BP-r~
Amer Trani

::e~er sw::~ as I
·iEs v r tuning
eo,r1.dmu:tP,r in t,Jie and enjoy radio~
(1ilttHtliJ ('i1'M,(.if,,
·... or as 1.1 ar·id !.'Ml--
..:__ tien,wr. -

'Type :i?i designed .for use

·in ·tadio a ;;d a·a,dio trt:1;-
qw-mcy drcu'its: for :ru:>r.;iv-
=
= I
~ n!J ,pq·u.i_t)m(:nt
su1u·r - hd.1;,1•,,dyne > :
{ ;',!iffleCittll.y
8e l f -
t.:ir,:t,ifyi7ip <:ircuitg; tl.f.,. aml ~
I
;
i
oihr.r f.nhP- t.ransmitterH up
t'-1 1 IJ(1 1.1.,~1-tL<t. ;ln f-Jc~(:el/r?'rl.f.
yrid. plate V,Y-paan uml a-n-
tenna serien condenser.
TYPE AF-7 is now offered "" a e.ompanion
transformer t.o AP-6 ('rurn ratio 5) r !or second
or third stage Amplification. In this use AF-7
deer.ea.si;:s the tendency to overload the last ampli-

Dubilier f:.~ing tubt! vn loud aig-uals.

Hence-forth, then, it is pns!J;ible to obtain a
low ratio Ame-r1I1ran which insures yu~rft.-.ct tone
tJ.Uulity aud full amplification of low notn5 wh~n
nsed with AmerTran AF-6 in the first stai;re.

Condensers Price, either type, $7 ~, at your Dealer's

American Transformer Co.

fJestaners nruJ lnt-il.der., n,f radi.o

for efficient Amateur ! 176 Emmet Street, Newark, N. J.

t-ro.:n.fl..forn·ien:J ,fo·r o•uer t.1 yea.,.••

Transmission ffilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll

Dubilier Condensers Types 577

and fi80 are_preferred where low
iosses and accurate capacity con-
densers are required.
The Dubilier patented method
;:,f manufacture embodied in these
condensers asHureR permanent
c-apadtv under all service eondi-
tioi1s. ·;rhey 11re suitable fo1· use
as laboratory standards in pre-
1·bion drcuits and for low power
C.W. transmitters.
Use a Celoron panel
Typf:' 577
·C?~adty Cdpit('.ity
The high dielectric strength
'in mfds. "\/oltage- in mids. i/oltage of a Celoron Panel helps you
.00025 1000 . (1 01 SWJO \{et the hest results from your
.002 5000
.0005 1000
. 005 2500
instruments.
,001 1000
,002 1000 .t,1 :isoo Celoron. a bakelite material
,1)1)5 1000 .02 !-~500 is ,wproved by the U.S. Navy
,0075 1000 .1:·•~03 .l ~~,~;::~ 3c<i:: f -.. and Signal Corps. Leading
,OJ IOOO .0004 I Lined in one ··1 o-OOO radio manufacturers :mount
.f!•i.105 .J rondenser· l
Lheh· paris on Celoron bases.
Other tra11~1nitting condens':::rd ,Hre nuuie t.o A>"k ,;onr dealer for a C;:loron
0

your speciticationsfor broadca,;ting purpo;,f's. panil. Thes«' panels •iome in nine

standard ;;izes, in black, mahogany
m· oak. Other sizes cut to order.
Dubilier Condenser & Radio Corp. DIAMOND STAfR FIBRE COMPANY
.kridgEport. Pennsylvania
42-50 \Ve~t Fourth Street, New York RranchP"' itt Pdndpai Cities
Toronto. Canada L,·,ndon~ England

7t3 ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

The HAM The
B.C.L.

\ '

ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 77

 ,.

The MASTERPIECE '·

trol :ft 1 OF AMPLIFICATION
Esoeciallv vital to success in Super
Heterodyne, Ultradyne and ,di

t-::=:rt \
\,,, ·.\()i'l
Ft.raight rndio frequency and re-
Hex 1·ireuits b di:-<tortionless and
yet powerrul amplification of weak
:•ignais. Thi;; problem has been in-
c·,,mparably master<?d in A ll-Arncr-
'···} /
;t/(( ,
,/\ \~ kan Lung Wave Radio Frequency
Transformers, a~ the rnn,;t ex-
haustive and all-indusive tests
have shown. .Not only are these

/d;~_,.-A~! \, ~ latest All - Americans ,supreme

value at six dollars. They are the
t= __ '·-' I
best long wave transformer:,; that
ean be riurrhase<l at any priee !
I. :::~ Watch for the new
------( '""":'cl . - -~·l' All-American
Wave Hadio FrP-
Lvw
SPECIAL OFFER • - - - - - - - - -........·-····; ~)\ \11
-~ · \~ c! u e 11 ,, y T 1 a n s-
,Tul')t. ouc! NP.w :\li-
Amerfr•»n honkiPt,

ALL-ANfEaiCAN.
"H oo-k-Uip s and
Hints"-:-}~? p •.tp.:-es uf
l!P - to - t,he - rnin11te
n1dio information.
TellR vou how to he1:tr
fHrthe"r .?..11<i hlP'ttf'rv
Stn:d 1 Oc, ci:rin or
:,tamps.
Worth a dollar.
AMPLIFYING TRANSFORMERS
Largest Selling Transformers in the World
RAULAND MFG. CO., 2642 Coyne Street, Chicago

The NATION AL PerfectVernier Condenser EVERY RADIO

TYPE DX FAN SHOULD
HAVE THIS
BOOKLET

A Vernier Condenser, that nperates with

no back lash and with a touch of "velvet
sn1ont.hness",
Its mPrhanical wnd. f>'l~tri("R.I ,·httraet@r1f',t.ie1-1, havr
justified its e1.,mmendation hy :"' u.umber r~f the
!:Uuntry-~s Jn:ominet1t radio tJngineert..
F~xce!lent re;;.nlt~ have hP-PTI nhtaine<i when usf'll
)n eombination vdth Ri:>flex. RADTO F'RF.JQUENCY. Price 15e
NEU'l'RODYNb: and SHPER-HE'I'RODYNE circuits. \Vhen buying- "(Ydd LP<1kH" do not ,..;Hy
Sizes, .001 .0005 ,1)0035 ,00025 0
Givc me ;_1 G1·i<l Le}.lk'' but rather
Price• 7.00 6.00 5.75 5.50 ,,rwd£v DAVEN RESISTORS. UAVEN
Write fox· Hulletin :!104 A tir;slSTORS .are in<liv,fritH-dly ,"calibrat~<l
and 1:-~uar;.,nte-lc-'fl. 'l'hE:'Y ht"f:- at:io_•ur.ate.
nohwi~~:-- n.nd xlwn_y~ 1-4nperior in quality,
Made by NATIONAL COMPANY, Inc. DAVEN RADIO CORP.
E~tab. 1914 R.:-:-sistor Specialists
Engineers. & Manufacturers Cambridge 39, Ma&s. ll-13 Campbell St.,. ....,,.~wark~~~

78 ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

 ·,

MAIL COUPON
for interesting #acts
about batteries

HEN Westinghouse places an article on the

W market you can depend on it for highest effi-
ciency. Westinghouse Radio Batteries are made
with the most careful consideration of every factor
that enters radio broadcast transmission and recep-
tion. Built for full-powered and even-powered
current delivery; for long sustained voltage; for
ample capacity; for utmost quiet; for long life;
for economy. Nothing but the very best is good
enough in the construction or equipment of an
instrument so sensitive as a radio set. Don't be
satisfied with anything less than Westinghouse
Radio Batteries.
Westinghouse (FYSr,.u@t Radio Batteries have one-piece clear
glass cases. Solid glass cell partitions and high glass plate rests. Thor-
oughly insulated 1gainst current leakage. They hold their charge long.
Last indefinitely and can be easily recharged innumerable times. "A"
Batteries in 2~ 4 and & volt sizes. 4'B" Batteries in 22 .. volt units. Rcgu.--
lar type 22-MG-2: qu'ldruple capacity 22-LG-2. "C"Batteries in 6-volt units.

WESTINGHOUSE UNION BATTERY CO.

Swissvale, Pa.

TI
RADIO I
I
Westinghouse Union Battery Co.
Swissvale, Pa.
-7 I
Send me Westinghouse Radio Battery t
"A," "B" and "C" I Folder A-3·D. \

I .........................................._ _ ,
BATTERIES I ............................................................................ I
I I
L=·=·=·=·=·=·=·=·=_J
ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITi1'iG TO Ai;iVERTiSER.3 79
 A Buffalo Radio Fan
Gets London with the
A Boon to help of a x•a·
D-X Fans! Mr. E. C. Lewis on March 18th heard Mr.
Marconi's voice on a Model 10 Atwater Kent
Set. He said it would have been impossible
without a KIC-O Battery. Improve your
set with 1, KIC-O. Our guarantee pro-
tects you.
Price With
GUARANTEE Volts Plain Panelff
Your money back on
any KIC-0 Battery if 22 :i5.50 $ ....
not satisfied within 80
days' trial. H2 7.25 11.75
48 H.50 14.00
Write for full infor- i:l8 12.50 17.00
mation on uA" and 1.00 17.50 22.50
Bn Ilatteriea.
2:urn
0

145 1 28.50
KIMLEY ELECTRIC CO., Inc.
RADIO PANELS 2666 Main St., Buffalo, N. Y.

can be bought at any good

Radio Dealer's Store

..4l' 25 to 50% Less 100 Volt .Type

than any other standard panel

'Nith these panels the .'.,urface-leakage

:wd power-loss is reduced to the mini-
BRISTOL
mum-hence the :•olurne of yo11r set
will be .1 hat n;uch grt'ater. AUDIOPHONE
LOUD SPEAKER
_\ (ic,.,d panel de6crves 1•rnper hand- "This is known f.:ve:rywh.e1~~
line-- -therefore, ro get the best res1ilts. as the L(. t1d ~~iwakf'r ·wit.h
1

t.he quaHty tn.,r-. N;:-,i: r,nly

lW' r sharp drill wirh _;fight pressure. it~ t.he tone 11at11rai nnd
without, mPo..~hanir.;il rl.-i~tnr~
tion. b11t, is ~ 11fficier1r.!y bif!
ELEC!"RAS<>TE 1s une of the ··Sote'' pro- in vnlumf:' rob~ t"h-:-iiy he-}lrri:
in r.;. la.rfTe n1orn or .nil
ducts of wodd-wide fa.me introduced throug-h the h011~1';". (\_;n11;•,.,;
by THE P'I.NTASl)TF, (\1., INC. 1:0 you :rt:"ady to u~e-----·nu
auxiliary batte:rie~ :~;-.-,. r,•~
qHitetl.
A.ll Sta,ndard Sizes
Made in thre<, models:
.JOBBERS AND DEALERS: Aucliophone Senior
Price $30.00
Write for our interesting proposition.
.:''1.udiophone. Junior
Price 22.50
I\/L 1\1. FLERON &. SoN, lNc. Baby Audiophonp
Thia iK t h e
Au,1iophone
Hn.hy
"-'quipped
Price .tz.so
wit.h the Fiber Horn
which i8 now ~t.andard
Bulletin AX-3014 describes and supert$edet4 the
these Loud Speakers. metal flare previously
Trenton. New Jersey used. Prke $12.50
THE BRISTOL COMPANY
WATERBURY, CONN,

80 ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

 WM . .JUSTICE LEE
.JACKSONVILLE, FLOR IDA
P.O,BOX 3';1"8

llaro.b 7th, 1924,

The E1 eotr ic Sp eo ial ty Co, ,
Stamford, Conn,
Gentlemen:
You win be intel"3sted to hear of the results ob-
c.ained from the type 11-A 1000 volt, 30(1 watt motor gen-
erator set purchased from you thru the Ch,i.se Co. Jackson-
ville.
This little generator operat in~ at Rad:o 4XE, has
furnished t.he pl ate current for £,-way ~ orrnnuni cation 1vi th
amateur stations in Ganada, Porto Rico, ~'ranee >ind Holland,
,Vhen ym; <Jonsider that such a cHste.nce 0; M'H 5000 r:,iles
,;An be suanned with a pc,v,er supply of ,;.utcJ;,.lly 330 watts,
<10'.io overload) rmd :.ha" this ':lOtor ;cenerator set does the
wo:rK in first olass manner, H seems quite remarkable,
We beiieve the Esco generator to ,,,; the best and
most oonservative1y rated :;f 7.~y ,..- e have ,,sed t..o date,
Y0u may 1;se this letter if you plea~e.
Y,Ju ra 1;ruly,

G.:.op~r ,)nd Lee

O.vn.ers oJ:J:xperirnental cioation 4XE

'l/JL/MP
t J . 1 t i L ~4

TR.Al)£ ''ESCO'' MAP.K

Qlldlilj/ alJU'!.,.lfS ..Suprf'me

ELECTRIC SPECIALTY COMPANY
STAMFORD, CONN., U.S. A,
:zuz.rg.'!i-"'.·@.,:\ili%¥¥
==wz-em~alf1 . .. . mirutffi¼@@#&HM§ HMM

SOLDER LUGS-BUS BARS

STAMPINGS
Soider lugs of pure copper, tin-
We Repair All Standard Makes of ned to give better soldering re-
'l'uhes, Including sults. .
W.D. 11 or !2
U.V. ~OlA
U.V. 199 ororC299
C. 11 or 12
C301A
·
$250 $2.25 per M., P. P. Prepaid
0,V. l or n.V. 2 -- Discounts to Jobbers and Dealers
1.J,V, 200 or 201
C. 300 Qr 301
A JJ tubes guaranteed to do the work.
Toaz Engineering & Sales Co.
RADJO TUBE EXCHANGE, 200 Broadway, New Yurk 11703 Robertson Avenue,
All Mail Orders Given Prompt . \ttention Cleveland, Ohio
Orders Sent Parcel Post C. 0, lJ.

"WARRANTED" RED-HEAD PHONES

Audio Transformer
MTD. $2.00, UNMTD. $VIS
Used and Praised the World Over
3000 Ohm $6.50. 2000 Ohm $5.00.
10 Days Money Back Guarantee Complete with Cord and Headband
Dealers Write
At your dealer'tt. or sent direct
22 Sturires Ave.
C• C• ENDLY MANSFIELD, O. The Newman-Stern Co., N•-r~rv~t¼1lfldit.,
ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 81
 II

SIGNAL
RADIO CABINETS
l:\ig'nal radio cabinet!' have been purchased by
the big majority of ::iet builders.
Built by radio eng:ineers, they have all the e.le-
ments that appeal to the avera.ge builder and
meet all his requirements.
Ask your dealer.
SIZES AND PRICES
Type "B" Cabinet
Height Width IJepth H,-:v,ular Li;..\.t Pricf""
7 1011, 1 $339
1 12 'l 3.57
1 14 'l 3.83
HI 7 4.33
1 21 7 4.71
1 24 7 5~09
7 26 8 5.56
7 30 8 5.94

r.;1n,~-I /~ TT ~~
t:)~~~
Fiitctoryand General Officu:
1915 Broadway
Menominee. Mich.
LoH Angele8 Chi.cago .M.inneatmHff NPw York San F'.ran.ciseo Pittsb11rg ~~t. Luuili
BoKton Phi1a.rlelphia St!.,ttle Montreal Toronto 'Winnipeg: Havana. Uuba

------ -, ... ~ --· ·---- ---

TWO NEW AND INTERESTING

ROLLERmSMITH BULLETINS
The Tube's The Thing !
New Improved
Fill in the eard at the bottom, tear out
this ad and mail it to 1,rn. 'rhese Bul-
letins will be sent you promptly. MYERS
No.AG-10. 3-½" instruments for all
1·adio receiving and transmitting sets.
A new and very useful voltmeter is
TUBES
Guarantee Perfect Reception
shown on page 5.
Hear without noit-l.e Ol.' tube hilis. Myf'r"!-
No. AG-40. Radio PV voltmeter. Small, Tubet-i r.~ive much 1:;1~~ater amvHflc~ation.
campact, accurate and durable. For They add 50 v4, to thP effi<"iPnr:y of ;;,:-.ur
.:,~t l;E-1.~attK~ they 1·€'dt1.ce internal inter-
te.sting all A, B and C batteries. fer;;-sncP.
TWO TYPES: Myers Dry Battery Tube
Z t..;; Vo!ts-'~;1,. Ampere. Myers Universal
ROLLER-SMITH COMPANY O\H"'rate-~ (•n t:"lther ~S Dry GPll~ or t1,tor11.ge
hxtterieti-, $:fa.nO efu'h, Heady to mount.
16 PARK PLACE, NEW YORK 1'.\/n tt>-xtra f."fiUinment ue~dl;:"!<l,
::iize, Jn~h.t r.,n MYf:"rttt Tubes . :Sre \¥nrd~. ".Made
Offices in principal cities in U.S. and Canada in (':anada" ,~n l,he gla-\'4'4.. (Hhers not ~uar-

Roller-Smith Company:
.Please send me new Bulletins
$5
EACH
anteed.
.\t :rnnr Dea1er-~utherwl811 8-=-'nrl pur ..
t:ha~~ vricf" a.n.d you ,vll\ h~ ~upµlitttl
P,J~t-raid.
AG-10 and AG-40. Sole Manufac:::turers

Name
1=0 B. Myers lo. Ltd.
Address &iiad1ol~act1llm \:'7u6es
240 Craig Street, West
City .... , , ... , , , ...... , , .State., ....... , ..
MONTREAL, CANADA
~,111!111111111111111111111111,•ilnlllllllllllllllll!IIIIIINIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
82 ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVER'I'ISERS
 To Our Readers Who Are Not A.R.R.L. Members
\Vouldn't you like to become a member of the American Radio Re-
lay League? We need you in this hig organization of radio amateurs.
the only national amateur assodation that dr11:;:c; things. From your read-
ing of ()ST you have gained a knowledge of the nature of the League
and what it does, and you have read its purposes as r,;et forth on page 6
of every issue. We would like to have you become a full-fledged mem-
ber and add your strength to ours in the things we are undertaking for
Amateur Radio, and incidentally you will have the membership edition
of QST delivered at your door eaeh month. A. convenient application
form is printed belo,v-dip it out and mail it toda,T.
...... 1924

American Radio Relay League,

Hartford, Conn.

Being g-enuinely interested in Amateur Radio, I hereby apply for membership in

the American Radio Relay League, and enclose $2 in payment for one )'ear's dues.
This entitles me to reeeive (JST for the ,;ame period. Please beg-in my subscription
with the ..................... ·--···· ............................................issue. Mail my CP.1·tificate of Membership
and send (;J8T to the following name and address.

Station eall, if any................. .

Grade Operator':,; license, if any ............................................. .
Radio Clubs of which a member.. .
Do you know a friend who is also interested in Amateur Radio, whose name you might
give us so we may write to him about the League'? ................................... ·•··•·•················--· ................. .

.................................... ··-----·····Thanks.

Magnets

IH!SS.
They al:-.o havf' lny,,r ,w,,.u.n-d and layer
in:m.f.a.tt'rl. <·nili:: --- an excluP.ive ~tromberg-
Carlson tYPf! f.f eon;-ttru,•tion~\vhir.h will
;--;i.and up under the high 1,late \~oJtage<;;
now used.
A.ak your dealer
Stroml>erg-Carlson Telephone Mfg. Co. Layer ·wound and
Rochester, N. Y. Layer .Insulated

AL.WAYS MENTION Q 5 T WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

TllORJ)PHONETRADE MARK REG,U.S.PAT. Ot:'FICf:
"Rolls Royce" Radio Tubes
Like
quality~
Bring
their
in
na,mP.
Durable
dh•tance
,;.ig-nitir.ant
an.d
with
pow~rful.
l!.
of
maxi-
tnurn ,of volume and t-:Ie-arness.
Type 200 .... 5 volts, 1 Ampere
Detector Tube. , , , , . , . , , ..
Makes distant Stations Type 201A ... 5 Volts, .25 Ampere
Amplifier and Detector.
Type 199 .. 3-4 Volts ••06 Ampere

LOUDER Amplifier and Detector.

Type 199, .3-4 Volts, .06 Ampere
'With Standard Base.
Amplifier and Detector.
Type 12 ... 1 ~/~ Volts, ~25 Ampere
Platinum Filam ..nt.
Amplifier and Detector.
"THE ROLLS ROYCE OF
RADIO TUBES"
ALL
TYPES $2.50
TYPE 202 (5) WATT TRANSMITTER $3.00
ALL TUBES GUARANTEED
High to work in Radio Frequency. fJspecially adapted
for Neutrodyne. Reflex and Super-Heterodyne Sets
Power
SHIPPED PARCEL POST C. O. D.
Type WHEN ORDERING MENTION TYPE

Model
ROLLS ROYCE TUBE CO.
21 Norwood St. {Dept. S), Newark, N. J.
S-5
$45.00

"The TH0R0PH0NE'S capacity to amplify

makes it possible to bring in on the loud Taps JJt•rnut tube~ ot V(f.rmus impedance to be used.
speaker distant stations that would otherwise WHJ1 Bun.ndl Regh;ter thi~ R~lay ~.d!l copy tt<l~graphic
have to be received on the head flet,'' says W. :-oi'(!."uf.l.ls at a spPrd of 60 to fl(} words 1wr minute~
·with Siphon Re,:-c,rder sl)eeds up to 200 wnrd,:;. per
D. Leet, Chieag-o, Ill. lnin-ut.e have been obtained. Nol"mal operatini::t cur-
ri."nt i& 1:~ 10 2 ·Milli-Amperel'I. S,:,nd i-<1.a1x1p for" cuttt.-
The TH0R0PH0NE uses a powerful solenoid, ln')'ue No, 45 Q,, Ghegan Radio Relay. , . , . . $-10,00
·,vhoste intense force is added to that of the Spi?eial Prir.e to fJf:'f!.ieri:;.
.I. H. BUNNELL & CO., SZ Park Place, New York
,,,ig-nais, giving maximum volume of tone .
.S,ieond only to the TH0R0PH0NE is the new
'rH0R0LA, just introduced to meet the de-
mand for ,rn instrument which does not re-
quire a ;,torage battery, hut which is lmilt
with the ran1!' nredsion as the 'rHORO-
PH0NE. Here you have the same controlled "'"·
mica diaphragm which gives the finest pos-
c;iblc :·,bariings of tone.
',' , , , , , i~!;,;~~~!'
Bc,t yaiue in a Two-Fone
UuP- t,-, the exdusivP method of adjustment Pluf.! ever0th,red. Holds fone
found only on the TH0R0LA, together with (,."lrd tips l.1t1der set .. ::,cn'w.
the Vouble Puf-h and Pull Principle of ampli- Used with two pairs h,·ad
fication, this instrument v.riH n,pro<luce at ,, ,loud
{,::>n<", c,r 011e pair and
hiKhest volumes with tiw same H('eurate ti<le!- Plug speaker. At your dealer's.
-it.y as ;it low,,st ,,-olumes.
HERBERT H. FROST,, Inc.
New Y,,rk CHICAGO t'~.autJas Citv ~Mo.
THOROLA Three, 12 inch bell horn, $20.00
THOROLA Four, U % inch bell horn, $25.00

.bl~ uour denlPr ohout THOROPHONl!J ,wd

THOROL,1,-each /he bet<t oi if.,,
/,lfpe--•or write /01· booklet \'•H'P':-,
dealr:r ,..,,. ·ti~.
,\·, .-· 11,wr-
'\1/INKLER-REICHMANN COMPANY B~Metai Refit1Jng Co.
525 \1/oodward Ave.
l 725 West 14th Street Chicago, Ill. D~troit, Mich. 6th fir

ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

 SERIES "FR"

Precision
Condenser
In this series we have met
the demand for a conden-
ser in which the rotor can
be grounded. Also for a conden-
ser for very ;;hort wave reception
both in the super-heterodyne and
tuned radio frequencr circuits.
A CONDENSER IS NO BETTER
THAN ITS BEARINGS.
Herewith are part of the results of tests on pro-
duction models of Duplex Series "FR" Precision
Condensers, made at Yale University.
:F'requeney (Kilocycles~ 429~ <100. 1000.
W'av-, Length (Meters) mo. r.oo. 300.
.02
Hesistance (Ohms) .r,7 .045
Phase Differenc(>
(See-.mds of Arc) 20, 18. 1.4.

I
. At 1000 cycles-Phase Difference l7 seconds-·-Hes·ist.ance 35 ohms.
~L1 he re.ii ~ignificance of these tests L:$ the fact that over the entire
broadca.sting range there is no variation of vver .05 ohms. This !is of: extreme
·,. importanc~ to the designer and builder of radio re,·t"i ving sets.
"Facts for Fans" goes into rnore detail. We ,-.till be pleased to ruail it to yon~
Som.e Valuable ,Jobbe1·'1J ;.r•erritory Still Open.
THE DUPLEX ENGINE GOVERNOR CO., INC.
32 FLATBUSH AVE. EXTENSION, BROOKLYN, N. Y.
\
---------------------------------

quency ulle half actuaJ size

~2so¢JJ!.-;f -
TRANSFORMER
.A lap ahead of the field
.AUuut t~e $h:.e i:~f. }.!:fl English Waln~t. ::~.n.ves
1,prl,~E-: 11ght we1.gnt: mounts anywhere: un~
;:rnrpaRRPd in performance. Ratios l to H 1. t-0
4. l to 5, ~";u111. 1 to 10. ~4.00, •
,1.$k yuur dealer for this "f,ittle Wonder"
Premier Electric Company
:1811 Ravenswood /\VP, Chicago,

LOW LOSS TUNER UNIT

MOST EFFICIENT 'nJNER AV AlLABLE
REAL DX. RECEPTION
EXTREMELY SHARP 'fllNING
TWO TYPES
AMATEUR-90 to ;ns METERS
!3.ROADCAST-:W0 to 550 METERS
Price ~' 10 P~(~h ff'ritt' /or j t, I'm·,. r,fin·r1
A. C. LOPEZ & CO.
Sole Distributors
334 FIFTH A VENUE, NEW YORK CITY

ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 8!5

 TOWER"S
-- ~ fBuy a Head~j

';/;/>
(t~/1~ , f~,;:~<
' '(~i~d!J
Tm,vEns
~ (:i;,. . ~ ,
• P's ~~(,,~.-~,,,. '1 ,,,;;/{ : \ ~ ~Cl£NTJFJC
~>t,·\ \ \ \ ,,c'!'£;DSE:TS
1

I:
'.'.!
"'' \ />i?"ey
tlt
,f postasffe /f ;~ ;;:·~~'¾> \~;:~~t-e~
··-,,~\\~~ -v;,, · -y
r., ., Ce '•\~,;{i,•-~
a , e-µ, , •.'\>"-
. WORLo·s
OuR~Zoo,ooo.ooCoMPANY GREATEST
STANDS SQUARELY BACKOF EVERY HEADSET
now $2.95, with Notable Improvements
H~1~t:T
Longer Cord I.full 5 feet!, Stronger Magnets, Higher Resistance, Increase of Sensitivity, Perfect Tone Mates
EVERY SET TESTED BY LICENSED RADIO OPERA TORS
Send no money- (9rder on a fi>os/--Card
THE TOWER MFG. CO. : 98G BROOKLINE AVENUE, BOSTON, MASS.
f@il««:~~if~L~~~-~~~ ··m~
TOllll<i and Ll1tod H Standard b Uadorwritor'a Lal,ontorlu

h's Capacity that Counts !

Balkte
Good condensers are designed acc,:ird-
ing to microfarads, not number of plates
alone. U. S. Tool Condensers are de-
c:dg:ned for e•HTl:'ct rapacity.

PATENTS 100~!0 GUARANTEED

t.rrmo r011. 73atlery Cha((er End Plate" of CELORON
Superheterodyne, Superdyne,
NOISELESS and INDESTRUCTIBLE· For Inver~t'" Dup!ex and Four Circuit
A n~w i,attf:>l"Y drn rp:,.c,r for Radio ".A." i: 6 volt l Tuner Circuits
i-•H.l tPrif:'s. EndrP/y ttuh.,12'1e:-.-... Hatt no rnnvinir.
Jl»rts. 1~equirp;.:: no «ttentlon or adjustmf:.>nt, and
1·Hnnot vet ~,ul of order. No h11Jbs to hreak. Condern,Prs ,.,f !'ecomrnended ,•.apadty
:·~imp!(' :-ind unfailin~ it1 adfrm. ('}!n be used
\Lhile th~-- ,~;.;,iio ~'""'t ii-. in (fperi:ttion. A. r,1-1!:!itive for all known cir<'uits are also eanied in
1.•1.•uuomic•cd t·han.'fer fflr hQn1e u~P. ('11n ai~o h@ >:,lock by leading radio 1·etailers.
ut-tf•<l tc• t·h~rfirP "'B" t;,-t.tld }1.1ttomn.bile hattPriel:l.
If ~101.,r dPRJPr c-au'1, supply ,v•.•u, 1.'lent dlrf:'tt vn Write far Booklet
n-•t.'t'i~t f•i'• µrin•. M0ney \~a,(•~, . -}:·uarantee._
Price '$19 50 ( ·~-'
· "' ni
Uept. q7 Fansteel Products Co., Inc.
0
We, t )
Rockies .. V. S. TOOL CO. , Inc.
_ _ _ _ _N_._orth Cnicago, Illinois 112 Mechanic St., Newark, N. J.
·c
ALWAYS MENTION Q 5 T WHEN WRITII\-G TO ADVERTISERS
 75 to 220
METERS

SHORTWAVE-LOW LOSS
COUPLER
-~""~""~-~,·~.:'t!!\!11•··~··
DF.SIGNEU HY ,',. HAM Ji'OR HAMS
A c1.Hnpact unit In a spat.'t! of l)n!y :i"x;) ~,f; ",
,.\ ntPnna Rotor and ~\::eondary ft ta.tor df."~-dg-ned for
''Low Ln:i-i:-1'' a.nrl ··L,ow Re-si~t,ance.··
Onr ;;,pedal ::"in,;de b1yPr, multip'.e wound induct-
ance dne~ r,hP trick.
:\ HLuw Locls" Con<len~Pr for :->t-.•eondary i:,; thP only
Gentlemen :---- addition 1•,~quired for a <.'omplete tuninK unit.
! have tned the HAM Special Coupler which DX v,·ork re1_1uir~s a "Low Lo~~ .. t.unE>r. Rebuild
you scent me un the tenth, and [ find that it is all !'>'Ollr set. wit,h a "CARCO" Ham Sµecial. , An in-
you say it is and more too. Due to very bad l"rt:"a~e in Pfficiency will resuJt.
weather eonditions and much static I" hav~ not PRTCE $8.0U .fi:ACH
hPPn able to do 00 very much \vork wit.h it. but
the faet that on one rvf•ning durin~ a had pow':'r SPECIAL PRICE TO HAMS ONLY, $5.00
leak 1 t.:onld not K~t WGY on the high wave, ~o This 8µef..•fo.l Prfof, i,'f NET. No Di.scount, to De«lers
f tuned them it1 uu the low wave, U"H-ing the Ham ;:{ent C.O.D. A Postal with name, addreRl:I wi11
Coupler and thPy <~;:1me thru loud and clear. 1:\.t bring It.
the :same time :-:t violet MY machinf:I in thP nPxt.
room in thi~ hot1KP wa~ being u~ed. Stran~e to
;;.ay, I f:ouJd not notic(~ any interfer€'nce from the SJ<;T MANUFACTURERS and DEALERS:- -We
violet ray, \vherea~ on any on~ o.f my other 'rP• SJ..H:!daHze on Co1ipier~ and inductanceK. Let u~
e~ivers it is impo.~slble t..o r€'ceive at all when this know :your need~ cind w~ will OP.sign the tuner
machine is in opt:ration. With it l t•,an tune vniy for the de?J.irE:'><l cireuit..
below where KDKA or WGY eome in, and can go Are you interested in a small variometer, I ~u
up to 250 meter::1. This 1~ just what 1 wa.nterl and by 3"} for ('1"'Yl;tal sets? We have t.h~m.
i40 the .r,.(>t h~ im.;tallerl for keeps.
:Sincer~ly Y<llln\, THE CARTER MANUFACTURING CO.
C. HOOVER, ~AMU 1728 Coit Ave~ East Cleveland, 0., U.S. A.

- - - - - - - ·~·- -·-•.---•-····

WE REPAIR
For Speed, Convenience
RADIO TUBES and Prestige-
WD-11 ........ $2.50 DV-2 ........... .$2.50
WD-12 ........ 2.50
FV-200 ........ 2.50
UV-6A ........ 2.50
HV-199 ...... 2.50 use a
f'-300 .......... 2.50 C-299 .......... 2.50
l'IV-6 ,. .......... 2.50
llV-1 ............ 2,50
ITV-201A .... 2.50
C-30IA ........ 2.50 Leach Break-In Relay
Mail orders ,olicited and a:-; described in the June issue of
promptly attended to.
QST, page::; ::18 and 84.
H. & H. RADIO CO. Mod. 18 Type SI (6 V. DC, 4 Ohm) $23
P. 0. Box 22~\\7
Clinton-Hill Station Newark, N. J.
Mod. 18 Type S2 ( 120 V. DC, 1,000 I
Ohm) $25
SILVER KEY CONTACTS
Dia. Thickness Lth. of shank Thread Per Pair
Have you tried it? 1 ..
-t.,. >'-~t
10-:{2
$!.GO
1.7f; I

Chelten Midget Vernier ,~ ..

··•s,,
lO-:l2
1 O-x:?.
'.!.Oil
~!.50
Y ou~ve often wished for a closer
capacity adjustment of your vari-- We ,specialize in BREAK-IN RF.LAYS,
able condenser~ Here it is-the STRAIGHT RELAYS, ARC RELAYS
Chelten Midget Vernier. The 13
tiny plates and air spaces give
and automatic 1<witches.
•harp tuning. Costs but $1.50.
A Preci.qion instrument ii',;; LEACH RELAY COMPANY
507 Mission Street
CHELTEN ELECTRIC CO. San Francisco,
4861 Stenton Avenue Philadelphia California

AJ..W ./\.YS Mf::.\\ITI(lN Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 87

 W ; t h RECEPTRAD Re-
pJacement Parts. Super ..
Heterodyne is at its best.
The efficiency and perfect
construction of RECEP-
TRAD Parts combine lo
produce a Super-Hetero-
dyne 5et that knows no
limits in distance., that en-
ables sele_ctivity in the fin•
m;.t degreeT that reduces
operation to extreme si:m- ftECEPTRAD PARTS
plicity and that brings in for the Super Heterodyne--11 enmplete paekage
programs from ,;ifar in I Oseillo-Coupler, Type SW-21
dear undistorted tones. 1 •runed Filter Coupler. Type H-34
:i RF-1716 Transformers--Range 5 to 25 M. tnPfers
Super .. Heterodyne l Audio Transformer, Type AT3
Blue Print show•
FREE Ing complete hook•
up of the famoUR
GreitT 8 ~ 'l' n b e
2 lMF By-Pass Condensers. Type G-1000
Price $!l:!.50
GreifF Super-Heterod:vne l\lanuat-$1.50
Write for complete literature and price•
Super nn individual items

ADIO
59 Bank St.

A WONDERFUL SOLDERING IRON ! !

Forged Copper Tip. Heating elAmP-nt prnetically indestructible. Gi.ves you hot-tip,
iust what 0:ou -want. This iron has burned in test eontinuously for over 700 hours.
\vm last for years.

Try it.
PRICE $ 2 SO A,t cleale_rs
- • • or by mail.

The Hartford Inst. Co.

307 Pearl ::~t.~ Hartford. Conn.

DOLLAR RADIO SPECIALS

3 Standard Base Bakelite Sockets
i:i Porceiain Sockets
$1.00
LOO HEATH RADIANT CONDENSERS
125 Ft. Tinned Copper Wire No, t6 1.00
1 Pr. Rubber Ear Cushions & New Radio No war.ping or. buckling of plates.
Map 1.00
150 Ft. Stranded Tinned Copper Aerial Wire 1.00 Stamped !o PERMANENT FLATNESS
:36 :Ft. Spaghetti li.00 and tempered to STEEL IIARDNESS--
3 Honeycomb Coils--~{5t 50~ 75 turns 1.00 rea:,mns enough for a guarantee of lasting
! HOOK-UP PKG. 12 Ft .. Spaghetti, 24 nccurac~•.
Terminals. l tube Soideratl. :, Ft.
Rosin Core Solder~ 15 Ft. 'finned Wire 1.00
3 J3ake1ite Dials-a" or 2\12" 1.00 MICROMETER GEARED VERNIER
50 Ft~ Genuine Copper Ribbon Aerial LOO Reducing gt;>r.1r giveA hair-line adjustment,~ 1:So
a Genuine Foot Triple or Double Crystals, e~se-ntiai in the t1neJy tnned circuits. SPpa.rate te,n ..
value, $1.80 1.00 i'tion adjustments.
i Reinartz Coil, value, $2..00 LOO ,lobber-a mid [)eaters: Write immediately for Pro;,asition
l Monodyne Set, rngular $10.00 EXTRA
SPECIAL 5.95 HEATH RADIO & ELEC. MFG. CO.
Smid for large iUustrated c11,talog No. 5fJ 207 First Street Newark, N. J.
WESTERN RADIO CORPORATION Canadian Distributor: Marconi Wireiesi; Telegraph
Co., MontrealF Canada. ,
Cedar Rapids, Ia.
88 ALWAYS MENTION Q S T WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS
 HAM-ADS GOOD TRANSFORMERS MEAN GOOD DX-GET
YOURSELF AN ACME, THEY ARE BUILT RIGHT.
HAVE FOLLOWING IN STOCK, ALL MOUNTED
TWO HUNDRED WATTS, PLATE VOLTAGE FIVE
Six ceata per word per insertion in advance. FIFTY AND SEVEN FIFTY, FILAMENT TEN VOLTS,
PRICE $20.00. THREE HUNDRED WATTS, PLATE
Name and address must be counted. Each ELEVEN HUNDRED AND SEVEN FIFTY, .FILA-
MENT TEN VOLTS. PRICE $25.00, SIX HUNDRED
initial count. as one word. Copy must be WATTS, PLATE FIFTEEN HUNDRED, AND ONE
THOUSAND; FILAMENT TWELVE VOLTS, PRICE
received by the 1st of month for succeeding $:~3.00, REAL FILTER CONDENSERS, UC 490
ST ANDS 1750 VOLTS DC AND SELLS FOR $2.50.
month's issue. NOTE NEW CLOSING DATE. HEAVY DUTY HAND KEY, Yi INCH SILVER CON-
TACTS NAVY TYPE KNOB, PRICE $4.00. CHEMI-
CALLY PURE SHEET ALUMINUM, YOU CANNOT
BUY ANY BETTER, 90c PER SQUARE FOOT.
THE NEAREST APPROACH TO B CATTERY PER- SHEET LEAD, 30c PER LB. 75c PER
FECTION--USE IT OR ABUSE IT- / N EDISON SQUARE FOOT. HOW ABOUT SOME REAL AN-
B. MADE FOR SERVICE, NOT MERELY TO SELL. TENNA WIRE? No. 12 SOLID COPPER ENAMELED
54 VOLTS, 42 CELLS $8.75; 100 VOLTS 78 CELLS IS THE "HOT STUFF" le PER FT. OHIO BRASS
~116.00; 130 VOLTS, 102 CELLS $20.00; 150 VOLTS .INSULATORS FIVE INCH 75c TEN INCH $1.50.
117 CELLS $23.00. IN FUMED OAK COVERED NAVY TYPE KNOBS FOR THE OLD KEY, 35c
WAX FINISHED CABINET, LARGEST SIZED EDI- SAVES A BURN IF THE KEY IS HOT. AMRAD S
SON ELEMENTS CAREFULLY WIRED WITH PURE TUBES, $8.00 EACH, YOU WILL USE THEM EVEN-
SOLID (NOT PLATED OR ALLOY) NICKEL, NON- "!\,ALLY? WHY NOT NOW? WHATS UR QRA? WE
FLOATING PERFORATED HARD RUBBER SEPARA- WANT IT FOR OUR MAILING LIST. DROP A CARD
TORS, GENUINE LITHIUM-POTASSIUM EDISON TO THE ONLY HAM STORE IN THE FIFTH DIS-
SOLUTION, WHITE SEALING OJL. CELLS ALONE TRICT. FT. WORTH RADIO SUPPLY CO., i04 EAST
16c. PEP UP YOUR B WITH A REAL CHARGER- TENTH ST., FT. WORTH, TEXAS.
WILLARD COLL!OD RECTIFIER $2.00, JUMBO
SIZE $3.00. TUNGAR HIVOLTAGE CHARGER AND FOR SAI.E-1-1000 volt 300 watt 60 cycle 110 volt
PARTS. INSTRUCTION SHEET 50c. ANNEALED Esco motor generator used less than 30 days. Regular
GLASS TEST TUBES INDIVIDUALLY WRAPPED Price $132, will ~ell for $100. $25 cash with order,
~~x6" 3c, lx6" 4c, 1%>t7" FLAT BOTTOMED HEAVY balance collect. I have joined the U. S. Nevy to fur-
7c. 99% PURE, SOLID (NOT PLATED OR ALLOY) ther my radio wm·k. G. H. Libbing, 205 East Main
No. 20 NICKEL WIRE FOR CONNECTORS 1 ~/2c St. Fort Wayne, Ind.
FOOT PREPAID. PERFORATED HARD RUBBER
SEPARATORS \ 12 c PREPAID. REAL EDISON LITH- CASH SALE-500 volt, 200 watt Robbins and Myers
IUM-POTASSIUM SOLUTION ENOUGH FOR 100 motor generator for tlO volts, 60 cycle,, $50.00, with
VOLT B $1.50, PREPAID. PURE POTASH 80c LB. field rheostat, $58,00; four UP1719 grid leaks <{i) 50c,
CLEAN ,LIVE EDISON ELEMENTS, TYPE A 6c three PR535 rheostats @ $1.50, two UV202 l,'i) $4.00,
DRILLED 7c WIRED WITH PURE SOLID NICKEL one UC1819 condenser $3,00, Everything guaranteed
toe PAIR. TYPE G DRILLED 4<: PAIR, 2 POSI- good as new. Money orders only. SSK.
TIVES I NEGATIVE 5c, 3 POSITIVES 2 NEGATIVES
CUT lN HIGH CAPACITY UNIT AND DRILLED
READY TO WIRE 10c. PARTS FOR HICAPACITY NEW FRESH Genuine Cunningham. 5-Watt, Tubes,
CELL 1.7c, DRILLED AND CUT IN UNITS 19c. $5.IO, Net. Send cash or M. 0. Henry Paulson &
WIRED AND ASSEMBLED 24c. GREAT FOR Co., 37 S. \Vabash Ave., Chicago, Illinois.
SUPERS, POWER AMPLIFIERS, TRANSMITTERS.
SEE LETTER BY CAN. :~G IN MAY QST. HE WANTED-Transmitting condenser for spark set
USES EM. 1500 MILLIAMP HOUR CAPACITY. lKW. 97 Springfield Avenue, Newark, N. J.
SUPERCELL OF 6 A ELEMENTS IN HEAVY FLAT
BOTTOMED t 1,-."x7" CONTAINER, DRILLED AND FOR SALE CHEAP-I kw spark transmitter. Will
CUT READY TO WIRE 30c. 3000 MILLIAMP HOUR sell parts separately. Harold Sullivan, Macomb,
CAPACITY. A REAL TRANSMITTING B. SAMPLES lllinois.
OF TYPE A OR G CELLS 25c, SUPERCELL 35c.
YOURS FOR PURE D.C.C.W. F. M. J. MURPHY, NEW AND USED equipment for sale all good no
~tWJ? 8ML, 4837 ROCKWOOD ROAD, CLEVELAND, junk RCA 1638 transformer $12.50; Amrad ME con-
denser $3.00; magnetic modulator 31/a amp $7,00;
Rheostat PT 537 $6.00; UC1014 condenser new style
WHERE CAN I GET THAT LOW LOSS TUNER $1.50 old style 2 for $1.00; Grid coil 70 turns 22 with
WIRE? SURE THING FROM SML CLEVELAND. 6 taps 4 inch $2.00; 5 plate "WAVE" eondenser with
PURE SOLID COPPER. DOUBLE COTTON COVERED dial $1.50; 300 turn HC coil with mountings $1.50;
FOR LOW DISTRIBUTED CAPACITY $1,25 100 FEET Grid leaks 1719 50c; 1718 $1.50; UC 1015 condenser
PREPAID. $2.50; 3½ inch wooden rotor with 48 turns 24 with
shaft 50c. Surplus experimental equipment, J..ot
THE FRONT DOOR TO YOUR STATION-YOUR AN- $35.00. 9DMB Grayville, lllinois.
TENNA. DOES IT INVITE THE SIGNALS IN? A
GLISTENING, BRIGHT ANTENNA, SHIMMERING RADIO SET BARGAINS--Model V Kennedy Receiver
GOLD IN THE SUN SURE PEPS UP THOSE SIGS with phones and plug (New) $60.00. Kennedy Type
BOTH COMING AND GOING. No. 12 SOLID COP- 311-522 Portable Receiver complete with tubes, bat-
PER ENAMELED AERIAL WIRE STAYS NEW. teries and 11hones, lShelfworn) $75.00. Kennedy
DOESN'T KINK OR WRAP AROUND YOUR NECK. Type 281 Receiver and 521 Two-stage Amplifier, a
YEP STAYS NEW. le A FOOT, POSTAGE AL- three circuit set (New) $60.00. Write for pamphlet
LOWED TO 3rd ZONE. DON'T LET EM STRAY. and imformation. Fargo Plumbing & Heating Co.,
GENUINE OHIO BRASS CO. PORCELAIN ANTENNA Fargo, N. Oak.
IN SULA TORS PUTS THOSE SlGS WHERE YOU
WANT EM. THE 5" FOR LOW POWERS ANO RE- FOR SALE-8CDZ•~ entire transmitting and receiving
CEIVERS, 75c; THE 10" FOR THE HIPOWER equipment. CR-13 with Ace two step, 4 new 201-A's
FIENDS, $1.50 (GLAZED ALL OVER). POSTAGE and Westinghouse B. Bats. $115,00; 20 watt trans-
ALLOWED TO THIRD ZONE, STAND 3000 LBS. mitter with generator and 900 cycle alternator 3
PULL. FLUX DISTRIBUTING SHIELDS ADDED meters &ix good 5-watters, Acme chokes, inductance
$1.00 ACCEPTING A SUBSTITUTE MAKES YOUR and fil. transformer and other "xtras $145.00. J.
STATION A SECOND RATER. YOUR STATION IS Evans, Washington Court House, Ohio •
•JUDGED BY ITS ANTENNA. FIRST TO HA VE EM,
ALWAYS HAS EM. RADIO 8ML, CLEVELAND, O. SELL--CHEAP-two three--coil honeycomb regenera-
4837 ROCKWOOD ROAD. tive receivers, each complete with tube and phones.
t. . Isn .22 caliber Savage Sporter rifle, and new two-
TRADE EVEN-Westinghouse $85 500 volt mg new spring Victrola motor. Write for description and
and guaranteed. Want Grebe 13 Quick-Watson· 5BX. prices. L. V. Mincemoyer, 121 West Lincoln Ave.,
South Williamsport. Pa.
SELL---Paragon RA-10 $40,00; 10-R Frequency Unit WESTERN ELECTRIC AVIATION type microphones
$20.00; Home-made detector two step $15.00, all for with breast-plate, shoulder strap·s, 6 ft. cord and plug,
$65.00. 9ARK, $1.00 each. 3MK 1528 Moran Ave., Norfolk, Virginia.
ADVANCE SYNCHRONOUS Rectifier, New $30. OMNIGRAPH WANTED-Arthur Munz, 162 Seventh
H. Williams, 137 Parkwood, Pasadena, Cal, Ave., Roselle, N, J,
ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 89
WHO PRINTS YOUR QSL CARDS? 500 TWO COLOR SELl.,-.600 V-lOO \V Emerson Motor Gonerat~t·.
CARDS $4.00. SAMPLES ALL DISTRICTS 10 CENTS. Guaranteed. First Bank Draft for $40.00 takes 11.
CURTIS, SAQC, 1109 EIGHTH A VENUE, FORT t1AJM Chas. F. Enz, Lockport, Ill.
WORTH, TEXAS.
FOR SALE·----C.ombination transmitter-receivei-. lo..
FOR SALE-Ultradyne Parts, 4 Ultraformers, tuning watts fone or telegraph. Detector .and two stage
coil. oscillator coiJ instructions and blue prints. Com ... audio receiver. All in one cabinet. A J'"eliahle, ~ut«e-
piete $20.00. Robt. Gephart, Edinburg, Indiana. fire We!>tern Electric airplane r-etT Just right for Sum-
mer and Fall work. Complete with 350 volt dyna-
WANTED-'.lmnigrapl, Buzzer and Key, Ryan Shoe tnotor but without batteriei--. tu.J-e-s, etc. Very fine
Cn., Hannibal, Mo. condition. Worth over $200. First check for $120
--------------------
WANTE0--500 cycle l to 11;, kw, spark 6PI complete,
gets it express prepaid. Who will be first to .~rah
I.his bargain'? J. F. Davidson, 6CEK. Box 216, King-
ur 500-900 c:yde 11,11. kw~ two bearing motor~generator man, Arjzona.
for use o-n 110 volts D~C~ with starter- and 500 c.yde
transformer.. Walt Hemrich, Kukak Bay~ Alaskll.
TRADE- THORDARSON Push-Pull Transformers,
158 GENUINE Foreign Stamps. Mexico War Issues. Acme R-2, Fada Coupler (with switches) for 5 amp.
Venezuela. Salvador and India ~k•rvice Guatemala, Tungar m< Omnigraph~ Wheeler Watkins, 17 Faxton
China~ etc-.. only 5c.. Finest approval sheets 50 t-o- 60'?4.. St., Utica, N. Y.
Agents \'\'anted. Big 72-p. Lists Free. We Buy
Stamps. l.!:st1tblished 20 years. Hussman Stamp Co., RENT ME YOUR OMNIGRAPH- Send Terms to A.
Dept. 151, St. Louis, Mo. H. Glinesr ·we-ymouth, Mas,s.
ATTENTION HAMS-Have you spent hours trying SELLING OUT-Parts for 100 watt panel set che.. p.
to cut peep and meter holes in panel?, l have. a tool 8a!dwin [ones $-7..50. R£-ceiver w·ith one-step .$17
that drills them one to five inches in diameter a,$ complete-. _5 watt cw and ,fone $1~ C(!mplet~. Al&o
~c•asily as quarter inch one. Only $2.50 postpaid~ RC parts. f!CTB, 303 Martm, Muncie, Ind.
Homer Malcomb, Whitew.~ter, \Vise. 9EKH. -~----·~·~'
RADIO PRINTING BUSINESS--Well <'stablish~ri and
t1BAl's TRANSMITTER, s~venty Dollars, Self-rectify- making good profit. Owner going to col!ege and will
ing drcnit, two amps radiation. Meterf>, rheostats. sell at bargain. Addre~s Box R, care QST.
inductance~ :switches, four sockets, condenser, chokes,
mounted nn panel. Al'me 200 watt transformer, MOTOR-GENERATCRS, For Sale. 20-0 Watts 1000
mounted. Changeover switch, two five watters. Photo V with J 10 V. D.C motor $80.00. Motors and Geu-
and description for ,;ard. Geu. F. Martin, 1103 S. c:r~tors repaired and rewound all work g_uaranteed I
Third St., Evansville Ind. year. Morton Electric Co., 4832 Rice- St. Chicago.,
HI.
LARGE SiZE Edison elements 5 1/i,c 1,air post paid.
;35 1,air ma.kes an ideal 48 v-olt 8" battery . .A----6
0
FIRST M.O. !or $75.00 takes Grebe "13". Hardly
E.dis.on l~eus 225 ampere hour $7 .so. /\--8 cells aoo used. Need money, \!ARK.
"mpere hour $t•.50. Arthur Chapelle, 7NX. Wood-
burnt Ore--gon. 30 HENRY CHOKES, Current Rating 750 milli-
amperes-i $,10; Wavemeter, Range 40 _to 120 meters,'
WESTINGHOUSE Dynamotor $11.00. 30 V-350 V. $18· New ,loawell 15 V.A.C~ $6,50; New .lewell T.C.
normal. \Viii run off 110 D.C. with resistance 2AGT, JO ~.mperemeter~ $10; Thordarson 100 watt mounted
llS Wadsworth Ave .• New lfork City. piate Transformer, $11; UV200, $2.50; UV202, $3; Two
Variometer-s and Variable Cnndenser, all $4-; large 7'"
BRAND NEW 3 tube Radiola R.C. with 5 Guaranteed ~rransm.itting [ndnctanc-e, $5. 3PZ-3XO~
New W. D. 12 tubes $48.00. Hurry !or this. Set
fully guaranteed. Milton Shutter. 8696 Dum,art0<1 BARGAINS-TRANSMITTING-Weston 0-5 Thermo
Road, Apt. 406, Detroit, Mich. Ammeter $12.00; Weston 0-200 Miltiameter $7.00;
General Radio 0-2.5 Radiation Ammeter $2.50; 2-N"w
TRADE OR SELL CHEAP--two victrolas, National Type Amrad u::;'' Tubes ~ach $7.50; 2~Five Watters
Cash Register. Motorgenerator. 600 volt dynamotors; each $3.00,; 'Fifty Watt Socket $1.50; Federal Hand
75 watt transformers, two ao hl:"nry chokes-want Microphone $4.00; 200 Watt Acme Power Transformer
Hlpplies for 100 watt &et, 9DY, Brillion, \'l'isc. $12.00; Radio Corp. Modulation Tran•former $5.00;
2~UC101s Series Condenser--ir:; each $4.00.
CALLS HEARD POSTAL CARDS-Hor DX r,,ports). Receivin_..{;rebe CRS aud Rork $78.00: Grebe CR3
Send $1.00 with your name, address and call letters and Rord $78.llO; 2-IJV201-A's «ach $3.00; 2-UV199's
for HIO ($1.75 ior 250) DX report postal cards printe.d each $3,00; UV201 $2.50. 3BJ, .James Marx, l,3.2
in two colors. Call lt?"tters red, green, yellow or blue. North fifth St~ Reading, Pa.
C(>mpiete form for de:-,cription of your station, etc~
State if member 1>f A .R.R.L. Cards also printed to GREBE CR 2 for 25 berries. BEU.
order: prices upon application. •rwenty-four hour
service. Sampies on request. Printed by 9AVO--- FOR SALE-W<>stern Electric power amplifier with
member A.R.R.L. Radio Print Shop, Box 582, Ko- three o!16A bulbs anri horn $75.00. Grebe 13 shor't
lrnmo. Ind. wa\:re receiver 80 to- 300 meters $50. R.C.A. 1016 powt-r
transformer 15.00 t.o 3000V $25.00; :{75 V 75 Walt
transformer with fit. windittgs fo, 2m4--G~S-10 volts
FOR SALE OR TRAOE---need hundred watt trans- mounted $.S.00. Homcharger $5.00; magnetic modula-
1nitting parts. write for pri"ceft. l Radiola V; 1 Radiola for 1367--$10.00; Griri chopper P.X. 1638 $5. U.C.
Sr. c.ompiPtP; i Radiola Jr~ amplifier complete; 1 Grebe 1803 Faradon Condenser $2.SO; .0005 Hartman c«;m-
R,..RN; l Ml Magnavox, Myers tubes. RF and AF denscr $3.00; .001 condenser $2.00; three U.C. 490 con-
chokes•; l Grebe CR9; I Reinartz det. and two ste,p: densers at $1..50 each; two U.C. 1866 conden5tff5 at
Ohio hra~s insulators 5,,.-75c; 1()1 ' $1 ..50 prepaid. $i .00 each; ·one Atwater Kent varioc:oup:er .at $5.00;
Tate Radio Co~ Harrisburg, 111. :?<1'00 turn honeycomb col1s $1.00; 'I"hordarson audio
transformer at $2.50; terms are cash with ol"der or
'l'YPE A E.di5on t:"tements, drilled, separators inc!uded C.O.D. No trades considered; must have ca~h. Radio
5.c pair. i""1onroe Martin. Annville. Pa. 8BCA, Galion 0.

WHILE THEY LAST--A f;;w power tubes, ALL FOR SALE--two Grebe CR3's, $40. each. Perfect con-
!:-=iZES. 501} cycle- .Ball hearing Gt"nt-rator~ and trans- dition. Guaranteed. Harris 1 1317 S. 7th. St.~ Waco.
formers. all sizes, Geu,e,-rai Electric l 500 Volt 500 Texas.
\Va.tt se!f-ex.cited Generators with shaft ~xtending $45. -------------
\ V ANTED-Vihropiex in .good condition. State price ..
Parts for Broadcasting Stations. (:tc. J~ ~:~ Hewitt
& Co., ::.!52 NPptune Av(•.~ Brooklyn, N. \' .• Radio 2RK Exner, 668 Riverside~ New York.
--:ZFP.
FOR SALE--750 V JOO W. Esco motor i,~nerator
$5t..00t lJT 13-57 Magnetic mudulator~ $7..-50; '15 w-att
WAVEMETERS Calibrated Two hits per point, 90 to Acme Filament transformer $8.00; type 5 i ;..,,;.ale 0-300
HOO mete.-·~. C, S. V;,in Wert, 4 Fruit St.~ Worcester, J,.we!l millfammeter $6.00; type 33 &eale 0-15 Jewelt
Ma~f-. DC voltmeter $5.0(); (;verythin_g good a'"'.l new, AJ
g·uarauteed. Rex Clingenpeel, Hartford City. Ind.
WANTED-Ten watt CW transmitter. Must he cheap
for cash. Also Omn1graph, \a.t. K, Davis. P. 0. Box FOR SALE-Es.co 1500 watt 2000 volt MG Unit
158~ Gain5v\H.,.. Ga~ 3 HP AC tl0-220 volt moto,· $325; Es,•o iCO watt 500
f)O ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHE:,J WRITING TO ADVERTrSERS,
,·olt MG unit AC motor $50. Flush Type :IDI Weston tl"«~ductory $2]. Radio Central, Dept. Q, Abilene,
meters, 0-lOTC 0-:c!OO!J vo'.ts with reactors 0-100, Kansas.
(i-500. 0-)000 [)C UliJlian1perf>Fo, 0-2 DC amperes. 3.-204.
1-~•J3. 2<~02 llSf:d a 1uul 200 hours nt:>Vei° above ~·ated RAMSEY'S RADIO REVISED. Price $2.00 postpaid.
~.. oitage or lo~d 30 henry 600 milliampere acme (::hoke Fm· n:view oi ftrst edition, ;:;ee April QS'l, p. 50.
2 UC 1~31 'i.:ctri.able-s., a, .~r.1-:.. ~?.04 tube i::nds l RCA Ei.ghty~four experiments. mimeo_grap-hed. Note ,;:~n ..
J':hoppet' rnountcd on AC motor, Special <:opp~r i6 fa.rged book hrought to date. University Book Store,
!:>tuds .mounted o;, ~..,, H.P. sink motor. United wfreless Bloomington, Indiana.
coffin lUP 1016 750 watt transformer, ahove apparatus
hardly usc-d. am tnoving and 1nust -::.-:•ll. 1nake offer, ANY LICENSED HAM CAN after memorizing Code
C, R.. Runyon, Jr.~ Nor.th B;way. Yonker:a., N. Y. Radio ()Ur wa~v {15 minutes.) quickly increase speed. Many
2.AG. , long ani.;hored at about l 2 jumped lew hours to 25
pi'r. Ct?rroborative reports free ,1~tt please give. call.
SELL-Reinartz a.nd two ~h:i,, !$.-~O. 9CfU. Dodge Radio Shortkul, Dept. SC, Mamaroneck, N. Y.

FOR ~,ALE-----~ Paragon t':'n watt transmitter. l~$S HOW ARE THESE for prices on new standard goods?
tube~, etc~ Twenty-five d.ollars, Holtzer .. Cabot dyna- :;ur~! gH•at, they al say. No. 12 'C'nameled solid copper
motor. five hundred volts tor twelve volts, Twenty wire 75c per 100' coil. Ten coils or more, 69c per
dollars. H. Zirsr:hky, Burbank. Okla. cr,H. \Vhy pay third more? 20" glazed porcelain
insulators tensile s1ren_gth 1500 pounds $Lt5. 4 or
WAVEMETERS made to order. or you furnish <.:on~ more $1~00, each; UP1368 power transformers $14.50;
densers. ~'l-0 met~rs up $3.50 up. fv'io:of g~nt'-rator UP1653 160 mill. filter reactor, lb for 50 watts, $7.25;
1500 volt 150 watt $80. A. Wade, 465 N. Lak€' St., UPl627 :100 mill. ,·eactor $10.45; PX1638 choppers
L!__:.,, l·.agt-(€-s, (.ni.f. $:3.60; Magnetic modulators half price; All RCA
meters 40% off and more, UM530 $3.50, UM533 $3.65;
SELL-20 watt set, double shelf and panel mounted. UC1806 .002 mid. 6000 volt Condenser $1.80 (regular
lnc~udcs 2 meters. separate transformers, filter, tuning price $7.00-some bargain!); UC1831 variable antenna
,condenser, ~i five •.-vatters and other· a.pparatus.
Radi~ series condenser $5AO; UC1015 $3.00; Rheostats,
Corporation, Jewell and Thordarson parts; a real ham PR535 only $1.20, PR539 $1 .25, PT537 $5.50; Special,
,set; $90 complete. Also--wanl good spark set. 5AMK. UVJ714 RF transformer 200-5000 meters $2.50, lb for
Super~Het or Ultradyne. Say, y 1 ain't seen nothin' yet.
LOW LOSS-Schnell Coils, $3.00: New Reinartz, Send for free bargain list. Better order now to get
$2.50 Spiderweb and others. General Radio Company in on this. Shipments, C.O.D. E. F . .Johnson, 9ALD,
.;:1pparatus~.00025 low loss condensers, plain, $.~.90; Waseca Minn .
!=iear~d. $4.25; Sockets. :JOc; Jewell Meters. $6.75;
UV-201A-s, $4.50; complete parts !or LOW LOSS SETS, FOR SALE-2000 volt 1000 watt motor generator set.
panels and rods. i\ny type ft.'•W Joss (:oil built. Consists of 110-220 volt AC ·motor and two generators ..
UV-202, $7 .25. Frosell Radio Laboratory, South Wil- Easily filtered. Am moving to Florida and must sell
liamsport, P~~una. for $125; cost $200. In very good condition. All
inquiries answered. Wayne Mason, South Browns-
GENERAL ELECTRJC Transmitting S.:•ts for fone, ville, Pa. 8AAF
Icw Complete wi.th dynamoter, tubes ~p•ares $75~
g;"a;\,~.
Portable. Operate~ from 12 volts. Cost $350. Pure FOR SALE--Kennedy 110 with 525 Amplifier :m,ooo
DC for the µlate!>. General Electric 350 volt ~143 am- lnete1· perfect umditi.on, Circassian Vlalnut Cabinet
pere dynamotors for 12 volt supply. Filter attached $200. $50 ~ash balance $15. month to reliable party.
$,18. 1500 volt .233 amper,, for 25 volts Double com- Some bargain. C'·ne El.gin Super R~inartz no11w a5-
mutator 12,000 breaks per s~cond ! Unused $45. Holt- :s~n1bled in mahogany ca.1inet tuner only $20: Twn
Z'<n4Cabot 500 ,:olt .07 amp~re for 12 volts $22 Vocarola Loud Speakers $6 each. One IO-D Western
Any of above adapted for bdt drive $:-1. additional. Electric Speaker perfect crJndition $35. \\'anted
·vv hen driven with AC motor will a}so generate current lat.,st model Super-Heterodyne and Uitradyne. Stamp
for filaments ~tc, New '- '1 K\'/ 500 cycle self excited for particulars. V. D. Liggett. Tyler, Tex.as.
f~enerators $22.50 Crocker Wheeler ~/:; K \V motor -!?en-
t~t·ators~ Navy Flame Proof Key·s with ,...Blillker TUBES UV-202's :;6.50; 216-A'• $8.00; W.E. "N"
Light" $1.50 Tube,, WE 50, RC 250, 1000 watts ,,tc. :HS-A's !~8.00; VT-l's $5.50; VT-2's :~6.00. Moor-
Henry Kienzle, 501 East 84th Street, New Ym·lt. heads~ others. 32 ·i.to!t 1800 RPM universal tnotor
$3.00. 110 lfl'.'h ltnivl:"r~al, vacuu111 i.:leaner $7.50.
QSL CARDS printed to order. Send us Ltr desi.1.:ol and Also other equipment. 'fhomas Lloyd. 949 Ogden Ave ...
vr~ fix t:_m up rite/
0
:2 ~:olor ,vm·k-200 for $2.75 and
9
New York City.
$!.00 for ~,tch ;,driitional IC-,-0. :3B.IT. 701 Walnut Av-a.,
St.:ottdalc. Pa. ,.,VANTED TO BUY~,750 volt rnotor-generator, fila-
ment transform't!r, C\\' inductance. P,hort-wave re-
FOR SALE-..... firand new R~3 Mag-navox in originaJ car~ c.-•iver,. meters. Raymond Chamberlain. Gra.nd lFiland,
ton. twenty-fn:e dollars, ~i. F', Hyde. Brii:.tow. 'Va. NP.braska.

SUMMER SPECIALS lN EDISON ELEMENT STCR- FOR SA.LE--two 1500 volt, 50(> Watt Motor Genera-
AGE .. lJ" BATTERIES THAT WILL L\ST A LIFF.- tor ;'.",;~t::,;, Motor- ,.~nd l 10 Volt Direct Current. PricP
TIME. FREE WITH EVERY BATTERY A GOOD (•cv::h ~~73.0C, con1plete with fidd rhl!',ostat and startin.g°
CHEMICAL RECTIFIER WITH CHEMICALLY PURE box. /\l~o a ,,uwbE·r oi other ::;i,;,t"~; .,;ome with A. <::.
ALUMINUM PLATE '·:c'' THICK. 48 VOLT 2 AM- Moto.r drives. Queen City Eiectrlc Company, 1734
PERE EDISON CLEMENT STORAGE '"8" COM- \V. Grand Av('nu~. Chicago. Ulinois.
PLETE, $8.00. ( INCLUDES STOPPERS) KNOCKED
DOWN, $•7.75. IOO VOLT ,i AMPERE UNIT COM- FOR SAt,£ ....... 1 G.E. Recdver $75.00; l Markn Battery
PLETE, $17.00. KNOCKED DOWN, $14.00. SAMPLE ~n 0. ] Prestoiit~ b<"ttery $25. J pair Baldwin phones
CELL :We EXTRA, KNOCKED DOWN 100 VOLT I 1;, ~J.S.(H),; 1 Magnavox $20; 1 Tun.!'{ar Rectifier $10 metf:"r
AMPERE STORAGE "B", $11.75. INCLUDES WIRED and extra bulb, 1 UV202 a.ud rheostat $.G no; aln1 other
TYPE ••N' :ELEMENTS, STOPPERS, SC.PARATORS, .'l,,paratus, ,.,;rite for de.scription. R. l'v'L I\IP(<omi. ~8
PURE NICKEL WIRE, RUBBER TUBING, RACK P~nnsyivania Ave.~ Bi"gh.,.mton, N. ·y,
PANEL. CONTAINERS. POTASH AND RECTIFIER'
SAMPLE CELL l5c. :3PEC!AL PRICES ON TRANS~
fyflTTING BATTERIES AND ELEMENTS. RUBBER C\V RECEIVER--We have t:1. three tuhP Rflinartz set
STOPPERS WILL KEEP DUST AND DIRT OUT OF built for CW ;:-:.nd broo¼dcast. Has ,~U refinements ~nd
YOUR EDISON ELEMENT STORAGE "R" BATTERY. i~ in (:ahinet. Parts atonl:" fnst ~al5~00. B11ilt bv ~x-
WILL ALSO RETARD EVAPORATION. 35c n:R perif'nc~d t>"nginef-r. \Vill take $50.00 and will in-elude
DOZEN PREPAID. SAMPLE 3c STAMPS. EVERY- p-air ·we~tern Electric Phones. Send Stamp for photo
THING FOR THAT S'f0RAGE ••w• BATTERY , and description. V;\n Blaricotn, Helet1a. Mont.
ZIED, 530 CALLOWHILL ST., PHILADELPHIA; P.<\:
COMPLETE 5 WATT C.W. and fone set going for $45.
FOR SALE----Bu~ key, first class condition. Eight dol- Write for descriµtion and DX records~ Edward Powell
lars. John McNa:y. Butler, Missouri. Lagrange. Ga. '

BARGA' N-Sii!!'hty used Z-nith re.~renerator, AMATEURS--,.t.ry MAGTO for your core metal, its
$3.5; highly ma.gne~ic. finely powdered. and has many uses
Homer Grhnm, Clear Lake, Iowa.
in the 1·adio rieid~ F1ve pounds for one dollar. post-
paid. .. .\merican Chemical Co., Dept. ,.t, East Youngs-
MAGNAVOX M4---Latest battery-less reproducers. town. Ohio. -
~agneticaily balanced. lmprov~d 1·ubber cushioned
,diaphram. High resistance winding. List $25. In- SELL--Slightly used, Radiola v. $80.0!J; R-3 Magna-
ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS !)1
ro.x $1~(t;
.Vhnn.
A. Benesovitzt --US McKinley St .. Hibbing, lRCA ll25 w,,tt power transformer ;~Hl.00; 2RCA
UV2l 6 Kertotron rectifiers $8.50: lGilfillan variocoupler
$4.50; 1 RCA 50 watt power rheostat $8.00; Frank L.
FOR 5ALE--deForesi:, '1'.'ype uO.'' 20 watt tran5,mitter, Pedro. 1815 E. 14th St., Oakland, Calif.
Co'.)mplete with tubes 1 microphonf."s~ huzzer and key-
$95.00; also (licrebf:'" CR-3~ :;;.pedal detector unit and SELL--Freeri~Eise1nann NR 5; one Grebe CR 9; two
Radiocrnft two slag,e '>mplifiet"--$90.00. Everything Meleo Supn~me :receivers.. ;\JI i:n first cla~s t:.ondition,
in t~x,-:-rllent u:mdition. For further i.uformation and J.ftck Cochran, Teague~ Texas.
;,hotog-rapb, write .J, 0. Per,;ons, .Jr., 70 North Fulton ·-···---·----------------
Av~~nue. f\-,,tount Vfl·non, New rork. NF.W \'VF.STERN Electric 50 watteu, l~25.00. :!BYJ,
THE SOUTHWESTERN General Radio Company, of STOCK OF NEW rPceiving and transmitting apparatu•
PtJrt Arthur, Tex .• pr~sents the ''Southwestern 1-77'\ at low price!>. Write your wants. L. J. Lea~e, East
a superior type low loss tuner~ and the t•Snuthwestf."rn Liberty. Ohio.
5-55" CW transmitter. Confidential discounts to A.R.
R.L. m-.:'mber~. Complete line amateur ai>paratus. GREBE SETS at a Sacrifice--brand new stock--Nevcr
been used: I CR-5, lCR-8, 1 Rord, 1 Rork also I OT-S
EDGEWISE WOUND COPPER RIBBON-h" wide DeForest Mid.get Radiophone, never been used, $,t-9.00.
outside diamPter; 5 inches 12 C(c'nts; 6 inches, 15 cents; M. M. Fleron & Son, Inc., 113 No. Broad St., Tren-
7~•\ inches, 17 \'!ents per turn~ Genuine new Remler ton. N. ,I.
Giblin and Deforest coHs mounted on hakelite plug5
100..150-200-300-400-500-750-1000 turns half list IF YOUR Neutrodyne wun't "Neut" O.K., send 10,c_
price. Pure s.heet a.Juminum. ,¼ jn1~li 80 cents; ~;g: inch for details of Kladag c.,a.st To Coast circuit, bill of
$L60 sq. ft., postage extra Tir" 2 lb.~ \itin 3 lbs. No 1naterials, etc. to change over your Neut into a aet
C.O.D. on .alutninu~ Genuine silicon transformer that will bring them all in from Mexico City to 'l'unucu,
steel~ cut to order, 2$ c1;-nts pound* 10 pounds and over Cuba, on a Loud speaker. Or send $5.00 for all extra
4 cuhic inches weight 1 pound. postage extra, Bakelite parts~ blue print, etc~ t·ou need to do this. Stamps
i::>anels up to 5n ·~vide any length, / 6 " thick. 1 cent accepted. Radio list for stamp. Super Heterodyne
square inch, 100 inches and. over~ postage 2 lbs~ to 100 specifications, 1 Oc.. Kladag Radio Laboratories, Kent,
inches extra, Geo. Schulz, Calumet Mich. Ohio.
MASTER RADIO CODE IN 15 MINUTES. Ten w<>rcl MAKE $120 WEEKLY IN SPARE. TIME. Sell what
speed 3 hours. Our Students made these world re- the public wants-long distance radio receivin.« setse
cords. Failures aJI metaods thank us for License. Two sales weekly pays $120 profit. No big invest-
Hesitation kills speed, Our method kills hesitation, ment~ no canvassing. Sharpe of Colorado made $955
Instructions that instruct only $2.00. Qualifying re- in one month. Representatives wanted at once. 'Ibis
,oords 100 Licensed students free. Dodge Radio Short- plan is sweeping the country-write today before
lmt, Dept. SC, Mamaroneck, N. Y. ~·our county is gone, OZARK..<\, 853 Washington
Blvd .• Chicago.
SINGLE DIAL OMNIGRAPH $6, New Warranted
.Audio Transformers $2, New "S" Tubes Pair $20, RADIO GENERATORS-MO volt 100 watt $28.50
0-500 Milliammeter $6. L~t•s Trade. Want Bug. Battery Charging Generators $8.SO, High Speed Motors
James R. Curtis, SAQC, 1109 Eighth A n·nue, Fort Motor Genera.tor Sets~ all sizes. ,Motor Specialties Co,;.
Wo'l'tb Texas, Crafton, Penna.

ACME TRANSFORMERS.-.-·A few 75 watt full mounted $12. EACH tak~~ Ohio or \"lagner synchronous 110
Acme Power Units at $1.0.00. Regular price $15.00. vo.lt sixty cycle eighteen hundred R.P.M. motors built
Van Blaricom Co,, Helena, Mont. in 1/.i. H.P. frames. Can be used as power motors.
Highest quality Hu x on test tubes ,$:J.00 ,gross.
HAMS ATTENTION-U.V. 202 $4; U.V. 216 $3. These Perforated hard n.tbber &eparators 11/,c. No, 20 99%
tubes are guaranteed. Gt!'t them while the:v last. pure nickel wire $1 ,s·o per hundred ieet. Kimley Elec-
Agents wanted. P. S, Millard, 75 Baldwin Pl .• Bloom• tric Company Inc~ 2665 Main St., Buffalo, N, Y.
field, N. J.
LOCAL RADIO representatives wanted for spech,i
WE DESIRE TO ANNOUNCE the King DX, an work at convenient hours.. Full information. Ma.itland
amateur low loss tuner of the finest typP, A.R.R.L. Roach, :.'lHl5 Colwnbia Av ... , Philadelphia.
Memhf'r~ reeeiv-e preferred prices. King Radio Corp ..
f)ra.tion, Port Arthur. Texas ..
-----------
TELEGRAPHY- -Morse and Wireless-taught at home
in half usual time and at trifling cost~ Omnigraph
SELL---Grd,,. CRB. $40. W, J, Baker, Route 14, Oay- i-\utomatic Transmitter will :.end, on Sounder or
tun~ Ohio. · · Buzzer, unlimited message5, any speed, just a:s expert
operator would. Adopted by U. S. Govt. and used bi,
MUST SELL IMMEDIATELY---10 watt transmitter leading Universities, Colleges, Technical and TeJe-
panel mounted. (:Ompiete with tubes, transformers, and graph Schools throughout U.S. Catalog free, Omni-
1
''S ' tube rectifier. Everything perfect c:undition~ AU graph Mfg. Co., 16M Hudson St~ New York.
inquirie!I; ;rnswered. Milton Buzz.'trd, 701 Walnut Ave., --------
Scottdalet Pa. P. EAL ANTENNA INSULATORS-JO inch porcelain,
9[) cents each,Lorain Radio Supply Co., Lorain, Ohio.
FOR SALE-Grebe CR13, perfect condition used only
one month. fifty dollars. D. \V. Pinkerton, Sta. B,. REAL EIARGAINS--We•lon 0-1000 ,·oltmeter $15;
Toledo, 0. \Ves.ton ()-25 mHHammeter $6; Two Mershon eiectro--
Iytic condensl"rs ~·no; Flame proof key $3; Acme d.oubfo
FOR S.:t\.LE--TwP.lve inch r.;;,;tk insulators-thoroughly l u, henry 500 ma choke $,5; fednal switch $1; '\"lesl•
impregnated with paraffin-.grea I: strength and insuia- ~:,rn elt'-ctric microphone $4~ UP1016 power transformer
t~on. 1.~ery· H~ht.. i:,ostpaid thirty-five cents each. $19; PX163S chopper $3; UT1357 magnetic modulator
,John McNay, Butler, Missouri, £•DZO. $5; UM576 0-500 milliammeter $6; UM578 0-500 volt-
meter $13; l.JPt654 filter reactor ~~8; 1JP415 filter
FOR SALE--,, used VT-2, $4 each: 2 used 1.JV-201, reactor $4; UP414 mir..ropbone tr"nsformer $6; UC1Sl9
*2 '"""h.
Wm. Myler, Jr., 1444 Marlboro St., "i,"lilkins- variable rnudenser $3. :?.CO Walter Coab, 178 Main
Street. Orange, N. J,
burg, Pa.
---------- ·-----,.&
MANY BEGINNERS ANCHORED AT ,,,bout 5 per now MUST DISPOSE OF Grebe i 3 $55.00: Single circuit
thank us fnr License. Qualifying rec-,.rds 100 Licensed and 2 i,tet:t $40.00; Acme- transformer- 500 t-\#atts 1500
Students free. l:Jod.o.e Radio Shortkut, Dept. SC,, volts $.l 2,,00. Leon Hadley 1 Orchard St-.. Le-<Jominster~
Mamaroneck, N. Y, Mass,
------------------- $3.95 TUBES $3.95
HI O1.DTIM,ERS-4 ,,ennine double Hlam .. nt audio-
tros ~ 3. unused) guaranteed. Bought he fore war. GUARANTEED New G~uuine Radiotrons. · All t.ypes
Good DX one tube single circuit tuner with "Se-Ar-De" f~n1i:. postage prepa..id. General Sales s~rv.ic-e, Onset,
battk wound inductance ( without cabinet). \'/ill trade Mass.
(.or good 5 or 10 watt C.W. complete ready to operate.
Send photo if possible~ Geor~e H. Smith~ Charleroi~ Pa. FOR SALE•··--Acme Filament heating Transformer 150
EX.l!QG, ..
watts, $8.50; Federal 300W Choke-, $4.00; Duhilier 1
kw 25,000 • v condenser •.007. $5.J.i(); Packard 2 kw
ORS ,¾.R.R.L. is certificate proficiency. List our stu- 16,500 v. transformer. $5.00; 3 Western Electric 250
dents holding this appointment also re.-.ords rapid pro- w Tubes, $H5.00 i,acb Jewell O to 15 T C Ammeter
gress, quick success free-. Dodge Radio Shortkut, $7.50; 2 .Jewell Milliammeters O to 150, $5.00 each;

,1_,
Dept. S.C. Mamaroneck, N. Y. 2 .Jewell Milliammeters O to 500, $5.00 each; Jewell
..... AL \VA YS MENTION Q S 'f WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS
0 to 2500 voltm.eter, $27 ~50; Acme .~100 watt fi.iame!.1t lCPV-P. E. Boyce, 3:i Emerson St., New Hav~n.
he1:tt.it1g Transformer 14 v. $11 .00; Relay Key, $2.00; C.onn.
1 Fram~ and Formica panels drilled for meters, RCA
,;peciai mounted Inductance, tapped, sliding grid tickler RADIO lXAQ, !AEL, 1.CA now at Silver Lane, Con-
coil, grid Condensei' and leak, $20.00·; E!,,co 1\/l G 2,000 necticut~ a suburb of Hartford.. Ope.-ators; S. }(ruse,
v@ 1,000 w ~ l10 cyde single phase 1750 rpm motor, ''LQ"; F. C, Beekleyt "JS"; and A. L~ Budlong, HVL";
$300.00; P;\ra_f?,'Ott RA 10 and t~•ro step i\mplifier, all of the A.R.R.L. Headquarters staff.
$87 .50; Double ~pring phonograph motor in cn:bin~t~
$5.00; 2 Seneca storage .8 22 V@ with charger cell~ 2CO-Walter A. Cobb, 178 Main Street, Orange, N. J.
$2 ..00 eadt Seneo:t storage B 2•-tv., $.2.00. All slightly
used. · FOB Canton, Ohio.. First remittance gets the 2CV---lrving Koreman, 1465 60 th St., Brooklyn, N. Y.
:,;oods. Henry L. Ley, G19-4th St., N.W., Canton.
Ohio. 3HM---Charles D. Larus, 3507 Seminary Ave., Rich-
mond, V~..
MUST SELL-5 amp. Tungar $20; 2 amp. charger
l~l4; one tube BCL set $15; Panel type send-receive 3P~Walter A. Cobb, Camp Kittatinny, R.F.D. No. 5,,
switch $3; CNl 13.-\ Navy receiver with audion cabinet Nrwton, N .•l.
to match $40. All in good condition. H. F. Mason,
490 Ann St., Hartford, Conn. 5AlL-Thos. H. Holmes, 573 College St., Beaumont,
Tex.
RETURNED LETTERS are being held for the fol-
lowing:- · 5APZ--C, H. Tucker, 718 F St., Perry Okla.
.. Forest Garney, San Pedro, California.
Mr. G.D. Spawn, Delmar, N. J. 5CK-John Mitchell, Havana, Ark.
Howard I ( ?) Morris ( ?) 56 Rutland Road, Brook•
lyn, N. Y. 50X---Robert E. Franklin, 1806 Valentine St., Houston,
F. C. Van der Voort, Rockaway N. Y. Texas.
R. W. E. Decker, 834 Riverside Drive, New York
City. 8AEG-Norman C . .Baehr, 9509 Willard Ave., Cleve-
Stillman Shaw, Hartford Conn. land, 0.
Rohert Murphy, R.F.D. No. 3, Baldwinsville, N. Y.
INCOMPLETE ADDRESSES prevent answering the fol-
lowing letters:-
r,1:t ~-Edgar
0
R. Robinson, 1013 Vine St., Sandusky,
Radio 7BM, Aberdeen, Wash.
C. E. Morenus, (No Address) SDOF-Karl V. Rittstatt, 643 Howard St., South
F. Sinclair Moore, Lane Technical High School (No Brownsville, Pa.
town or state).
Radio lARE, Pittsbiell, Mass. (No name or street\, 8DOW-R. S. Brown, 521 Paris Avenue, Grand Rapids,
Hunter Dickson, 1519 E. 68th St. (No city or st.ate) Michigan.
Bernard Pickard Hansen, (No address)
Mr. (No name) R.F.D. No. 8, Springfield, Tennessee. SWL-Louis J. Schneider, Jr,, 2144 W, 93rd St., Cleve-
No signature, Wharton, Texas. land, O. '
E. L. Dye, (No addres.~).
Clyde M. Rogers, No address, 9BER-Ralph C. Wolfe, 115 N. 11th St., New Castle,
Clear Lake, Utah, (No signature), Ind.
G. C. Medved ( ?) St. Paul. Minnesota.
E.., L. Millard,, Jr., 0 Elm Press}' 9DMK-Reassigned to Robert Waffle, 388 So. Park
A. C ..Anderson~ Minneapolis, Minn. Ave., Fond du Lac, Wis.
Please :send information on these addresses to A.R.R.L.
1045 Main .St~ Hartford, Conn., 1narked 0 Adresses/' ' 9EJN-Frank H. Barrett, 1637 Cook St., Denver, Colo.
-·RADIO vs POLITICS- 9XBF-9BP--E. C. PaJl'e, es W.W. Watts, 725 Noyes
BUY A RADIOLA 111 and tune in on the Republican St. Evanston, l11~
and Democrat. Conventions. Radiola l 11-$35.00 with
t~o tubes and phones. Or a Zenith ZR 4 complete
with tubes, batteries, loudspeaker $168.50. Send 2
······-·-·- ,.... =============~
cent slamp for price list. Amateur Radio Supply Shop
525 Park Ave., Kent, Ohio. ' HOT WIRE AMMETERS
0-2.$ Amps. Flush Panei Model
~ELL-.Tuned plate Re~eiver, 2-step cabinet-jacks, MFG. BY ROLLER-SMITH CO.
,1000 mile DX, $30. Norman Mayer, Mt. Pulaski, Ill. Extra Special Price ($2.75)
\YANTED.-Transmitter Complete with Motorgenerator. D.C. MILLIAMETERS
1wenty, fifty. or hundred watts. Give lull description 0-150 Milliamps. Surface Model
and La5h pnce. .Hayton Nance. Elizabethton, Tenn. MFG. BY GENERAL ELECTRIC CO.
Extra Special Price ( $3.25)
F()R SALE--One hm watt CW transmitter compiete American Sales Agency, 38 Park Row, N. Y.
with powe!" ~ransfm·n1er and everything except tubes ..
$50; one Remartz tuner ~nd two stage complete with
tubes and battery less "A" battery. Both working
",xcellent. Rec. set• $75.00. 9EEI, Frank Schnepper, CRESCENT LAVITE RESISTANCES
Cresco, Ia ..
Absolutel,.T non-Inductive.
SELL GREBE EIGHT A~D STAHL SINK!!! Why? 12,0, 00''\ LIST
,~eed money. Both perfect cundition. Sink passes 48,ooo l $1.50
!HOUSAND WATTS o,asily, hasn't "slipped pole" y,it, 50,000 fOhms. EACH
perfect. Nuff s~d. Highest offer takes both. 9('P. 100,000.

Sp<,cial resistances to order. Ueed in "11 cir-cw.ts.

qR.A SECTION Dealers write for discount.
CRESCENT RADIO SUPPLY CO.
50c straight, with copy in following 1-3-5 Liberty St., Jamacia, N. Y,

form only: CALL - NAME - AD-

DRESS. Any other form takes regular SPARK TRANSMITTERS
HAM-AD rates. 75 Watt, Portable.
Made for U. S. Army Aeroplanes
lABA-Carleton L. Coleman, 46 Summer St., Hyde Government Cost $45.00 each
Park, Ma!->s. Our Price $5.00 Each
1AG~Rubin Cohn, 36 Pliny St., Hartford, Ct. AMERICAN SALES AGENCY
Park Row New York City
1CAK-1ZD--1XAX.......John M. Wells, 40 Main St,, Tel. Cortland 5181
Southbridge, Mass.
ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 93
 rr=====~•=====~r
~ EVE r
Radio Batteries
-they last Jonqer

1.-----""'···-''"_.,,,.---·._
Informat1vf'- ~wrl mone"'"'•-tvin~ booklet9- t>n tacl1n hirteri,:-.~ 5ent fr+:"e 0n ri'.'que.st. l( yt)11
h.ivl"' -1ny. question~ rl:"!j'.-:1.rdtn~ r,-u.ho hatten~1:1, v.nre ,,·,ti.(', Furnt> .. ,', ~vi<ln~Y-t'.'r. fC;d1<1
V1v1s1.1.1n, N<1lit:nal Carbon Company, Inc...... 124 Thompson Avenue, Len~ [-:!._md Cn:~i, N.-Y.

Every radio t1ser should h.ave these l,ooks

THEY contam battery f.1cts that it is important can secure dsewhere only by digging through
for you to know. They are not catalogs, not several duferent '.Yorks on radio eng:ineerin;,,.
advertising pamphlets, but each one tells the The;;_e booklets pre,;;ent battery fiicts:' in phi;1
story of one kind of battery, v,:hat it is, \vhat ianguage. with a fe;,v simple diagrams.
it does, how to connect i.t, how you can get These pocket,si::e pamphlets cost you nothi11g.
the utmost in ~?tisfaction and service: out of it. They are ss::nt free un reyuest, part of our service
Do you know vrhy :1 "ff' B::ir, tu the radio user. \Vhether you
tery is necessary? Do you know EVEREADY use EYcreadv Radio Batteries or
how rnu,;h 'Tr' l>ttery current HOUR GLASS nor, thesc booklets -;vill interest
your tube,; use:'.' Do rou know \\rbrn ., ...,u ":<'·nde.r \\ 1.i,n. tb,1t
•.;t""t:1011 is. t!lfn to this H.,.r nf
you, and answer your questions.
,;vbat a ""C" Battery ,·an do for Clas::. n broadc:tster':'I and theu To take the mystery out c..f
,-.:hedules uf transrri1sst(lfl w1thout
you? .All these things and many tu heu th~ ,~ .. II 111':tter$, radio batteries, read these four
can ptck the-"'-~ ,tton imm t{::,
more are told in these informative . ,.. ,,-;;..,.l.,.,Htth and the time dt v-. hich booklets. Write for them to,day .
\·•·,u h<,it 1t. ~..-:-nt tREE.
ho,,klets. l\fany of these facts you R.cmember, they are FREE.
Eveready Radio Batteri~;; ,,re manufactured and guaranteed bv
NKrIONAL CARBON COMPANY, INc., New Yurk----San Francisco
H~adquarte,-s for Ra.:110 Batter-:,, Information

( :.mJd1an N.1tionai C:u bon Co .• Lm1ted, T orooto. l)ntt.rT.O

ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

 -FOR YOUR CONVENIENCE-

QST'S INDEX OF ADVERTISERS

IN THIS ISSUE
Ao:•n1e .~pparatus ()n .., The., ..•.......•............. . 2 ln,Lernxti«•na.1 CorrP,... pon rlrnce Sdwolo ....... , .•....••• 7l
A1rien Mfg, Co., Thr> .. _ , .... , ...... , ,.;;:;, 74
Allen-kra<lley Co.~ The .. , ................... , ....... !.HJ
Amerit:'an .H:.adio . _\/_-. Hf'RE-Hreh Corp ....•........ 1th Cuv,-•r
0
.lf.>wlc'II .Elec. ·1n~trument t~o .....•...•.. , ..•. • ..••... ,G3
Sa1t>i,. ,c\i:renry. , . . • . •..••••••..• • • • • • • • • . • '.t3
ltmerit•an TrRnsform,~r Co., Th£> ... , ..... . ...•. , .. '76
h'.,.•Uo,rg ~\vitr:hboanl & Supµly Co, .... , ......... , ... t-9
A,H.l-l.L. Ar,p!h•ut.ion Blank ... ' . ' .. '~ \
E i rnley gJ.eet ric: Co, .•..•.•••.•....•..... , . , , ••••• , •• 80

:Hakf;'!ite {:orpon1tinn , , ........................... _ .~·:;

I ,PH.ch RelHY (~o .....••..... , ... • ... • • •,, •,, • •,, •. , • • • t:7
H~Met.aJ Refining Co, ................................. S,t
Lol-}EZ ti'!. i.~u .• ,\. f_'. •••••••••••••••••••• , ••• ,, •••••••• l:;5
Kristol (~o.. 'rhf>. , ........•.••..•...•..•.......•..•.. l'<U
:Brooklyn Meb-d Stamping- Cnrp., ............. , ...... 72
knnnPH & Co .• J. H ..............•................ b4
HurJ:!t:':-:.~ Battery (;o .....•..•....•••.•••.•...•.••..... ~5 Mt'l~na.vux ('.o., Inc· •.....•.......................... 75
Marie f:.,;ng<Jne~rin_g (~n ..•..••.•••..•..•• , .••.••••••••• 72
Murdock. William J ....•.....•....•..•.......••••.••• 68
MyPrs (~u .• Ltd .• E. T~ .................•• , .. , .•.. , .... 82
(~art,.r :Mff!. (],,., ...••..•..••••.•• , •••••••••••••••••• !".7
Chelsea Radfo t__!o, .•....•••..•....•..•.....•...•...... 85
(~heltf>n E~1ee:. ('.o .....................•.....•......... 2"";
(;,_,to-Coil tJompany , , ............................... ,,-2 National Co .. 'fh~ ..........................• , ....•... 78
Crei,,went R.adio SuppJy Co., ....... , , ................ U3 National Carbon Cn.~ Inc., . . . . . . . . . . .... , .... , ..... 94
(!r(•81ey M_fJr. (',o, ..•..•..•.••.•••••..•••••.•..•••• 66, GI NPwman-Stern (~o,, ~rhe ........................•..• ,!'<;1
Cunningham. J::'.. T .. inc .. , ........... , •...... 2nd Cover

I 'rern i£-l' F]ec. (~o ..................... , ... , . • .. , ..•.. 86

I)aven 1-tadio t:o ..............•...... , .......•........ 78
Diamond State Fibre C,{, ...• , .••.•..•.••.. , . , •.....••. '"i·G
nubilier ConciPn~Pr & Radio Corp .........•.....•..... 7G Radio Broadl•a~t ...••.. , ...........•..•.... , .. , ...•.. '71
Duplex }'}n~ine Govf:'rnor Co.. lnc .• The ...... , ...• G4. 85 Hadio CoqJ. (•f America ......... , .. , ...... , , ....•..•• 1
f)urhatn & (!o.,.,,,., ....................... , ••••..••• tin Radio Printers ....................................... 63
Radio Reee·pto-r .......... ,.. .............•...........• . BB
1-tadio Tube Exchan,:;i;e , . , ........ , .............•..... 81
Eby Co., H. H .......................•............... 85 Ra1.dand Mfsc. t~o ....•.....•...........•.........•... 78
F;isemann Magneto Cc:,rp., ......•.....•... , ........•• 70 RnltPr-Smith Co........... , , .•.............. , ........ X2
Electric Speeialty Co .... , ........................... 8i "Rolls Royce" Tube C,,........................••....• 84
f;ndly. C. C .......................................... ~1 Host' Radio & F.:1£>e. Suvµlie::. •••••••.••.•••••••••••• ,";'4

fi'anfitf>1:•l 'Proriucts c:,.,.. Inc •••..•••••• , •• ·•.•••••••••• SB Siynal ~:lef'. Mfg. Co ...... , ................•........ .82.
Pederal T€'l. & Tel. Co ......•........................ 7 4 f;tromberg-.. Carlson 'rP]Pphone Mfg. Cn .......... ,, ... ea.
'F'lt-•ron & Son~ !nc .• M. M ••••••..••••••••.••••..•••• BO
J-,'rPfilnnan Co.. ] nc.. Charlr:s, ................••. .- ... ';0
Frost_, Herbi:>rt H., ......•.. ~ ....... , .............•.. ~4 Thordar$.<lTI Blee. Mfg. Cn., ...•..•.. , •..•..•..•..•.. 64-
'roaz En~ine.-;'ring & Sitlt..•s Co,, ............•......... 81
'Pow'='r Mffl:. (\J_ •••.•.•••••••••••••••••.••••••••••••• 86.
Gt_•rlf'ra1 1n~trument Corp ...••... , ...•.•••.•..•.•• , •• ,GB
G~iwral lfadio Uo ...•.....•.......................... . 6
(;oids<'hmi<lt (;orp.. tf'h .•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••. 11
ll. :'\. Tool Co ....................................... 86
f;rf-'hf> l:.:., <~o., ..,\ ..H •......••.•..•..•....•..••...•..•••• 4

\\'p;-:ter-n Radio l)11rf> ••••••••••••••••••••• , ••••••••••• ~8

HAM ADS ....•......................•.......... , .89-9:l
\'-VP,.;t.ingho11s<:- l.lnion Kattery Co .. , •........•..•..••. 79'
H & H Radio (~o .....•..... , , ......................... b7
\Vec<t.on }qE'Prri<";.d lnstrumt--nt Co,. ..•••...••.••..••.• 10
Hartford lnstrumPnt no., The .................. , .... t.'-5
Heath Radio & F;lec. Mfg. Un ........•......... ., ...• ~~ V;' hittle~ey Engine«:--ring Corp •..•.. , ....•..•..••..•. , GB:
Hommt•l ('o., Ljudwlg .•.••..•••.•••.••••••••••.••.••. -;·4 Winkler-i{Pit'hmann (;,_1,_, •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ,84'

ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

 for Summer
~-- Radio

B~
TitE PE'Pt"f.Cl' POTliNT'IOMEffR
A i.tepla,, n.c,~-induc11v~ po--
t<t'nliomon~r for all r1d10 cir•
t.uitt. C':cmpl~te r.i~~ in half
1umoi\nob, 1'hdein 100.ind
4il0 ohm11. "Price, 200 ohm,
$2.00; ,400 ohm, $3,00.
0-

Use 6lkn-B~ Producls

Summer Radio Sets are portable sets! This means Allen-Bradley Radio Products are known the
that they must be built for abusive service, and world over for excellence of construction and
must operate under conditions that are often un- perfection in operation. They make any good set
favorable for good reception. Short antenna, loop better, and insure a full measure of enjoyment
antenna, and similar receptive devices call for in summer camps when used in portable sets.
extremely sensitive sets.I This, again, means that Make your set a good set. The above radio parts
the parts used must be of high efficiency for are the fine,-t obtainable. Follow the advice of
maximum signal strength. radio experts. Use them!
1v••••••••~•••••••••••••••••~ The Allen-Bradley guarantee
: Allen• Bradl~y Co.,
Cl 2,7- o~en.hdd Av..,.,, Mitw~ukt-1!', \.'1i-Tt!-,
:
I
-~~Jt,, Cil\. E-,ery Allen• Bradley radio product i•
Pl~~ ~ mt> ctric Controlling Apparatus

.
ili A- .:-omplete Qf your de· I
5et guaranteed for ONE YEAR against de-
: ;:;,~riptive ,·ircul.irs Allen·B~dley radio :
ii products.
{•ti
I fects in material and work=ship. Any
': Na~,, ............................. : Milwaukee,
defective material will be repaired or re-
placed, without charge, within the guar•
wi.. antee period. ,,
: }\ddresi;, ............................. :

'
II ,• ,• • ••• , , , • , , ~,, , , •, • • ••• , •. •,.. '
II

~----------------------·····'

!)6 ALWAYS MENTION Q S 'f WHEN WRI'flNG TO ADVERTISERS

 '·1• -11:
I; ill:
The American Radio Relay League. Inc., is a national non-
commercial association of radio amateurs, bonded for the more
effective relaying of friendly messages between their :c;tations,
for legislative protection, for orderly operating, and for the
practical improvement of :,;hort-wave two-way radio telegraphic
eommunication.
It is an incorporated association without capital stock,
chartered under the laws of Connecticut. Its affairs are governed
by a board of Directors, elected every two years by the general
membership. The officers are elected or appointed by the Direc-
tors. 'fhe League is non-eommercial and no one commercially en-
gaged in the manufacture, sale or rental of radio apparatus is
eligible to membership on its Board.
"Of, by and for the amateur," it numbers within its ranks
practically every worth-while amateur in A_merica and has a
history of glorious achievement as the standard bearer in amateur
affairs.
Inquiries regarding membership are s.olicited. Ownership
of a transmitting station, while very desirable, is not a prerequisite
to membership; a bona-fide Interest in amateur radio is the only
essential. Correspondence should be addressed to the Secretary.

Trnrlic Manager
Pre11ident F. H. SCHNELL T,·easu.re,';-
HIRAM PERCY MAXIM 1045 Main St. A. A. HEBERT
Hartford, Conn. Hartford, Conn. Hartford, Conn.
l' ir,e President C,:;.;wdian.Ge-nei'ul Mamiger Sec-1·et<11ry
CHAS. H. STEW ART A. H. K. RUSSELL K. B. WARNER
St. David's, Pa. 2:34 Westmount Drive Hartford, Conn.
'roronto, Ont.

c~.:-.\."-· r:_=, ••~~-• ... , .... --.~.-, •N 1 =~~ij, 1:Jn • ,. r

Pr;.:sidP.nt Dakota, f1i1iixion North 1.J.'este.-rn. Di1,iBion

HIRAM PERCY MAXIM CYRIL M. JANSKY, JR. K. W. WEINGARTEN
Hartford, Conn. .Minneci.polfa. Minn. Tarnma, Wash.
t'·lct-!-P'i'f'.8ident l Jpif.n,. lJim'.siot1. 1--'rwi.fic. lHt,i8ion
CHAS. H. STEWART HF.NJ. I<'. PAINTER ALLEN H.BABCOCK
St. David's, Pa. Chattanooga, Tf:'t1n. Sau F'ranch,co
Orinad.n. J./,ua f;ut,f Dinittiot1 r:onnoke Dii,ision
A. H.
1
K. RUSSELL HARRY F. POHRS W. TREDWAY GRAVELY
1'oronto, Ont. ,-\t1anta. Ga. Danville, Va.
.A f.lnntic Dh.,ision Midu.,exf. Jh11iHit_m l:,wku M01.t11.t.ain Di1,U1Mn1.
mi:o. L. BIDWELL L. BOYD LAIZURE l'AUL M. SEGAL
Washington, D. C. hict11~a.-:. City, Mo. [JP.n vPr. Colo.
O.,,,nt,ral l)i11i3fo11, ;'\/,-~•11_, f:11glrJ..'r11t. Oi1,1ision W e8t. G ul,f .Diuittinn
CLYDE E. DARR UEO. H. PINNEY FRANK M. CORLETT
Detroit, Mich. 'So. ManchP~ter. Conn. ·naHas, '1\•xas

Address General Correspondence to F,xecutive Headquarters. Hartford, Conn.

------------~ - ---
 IMPROVED
Type
3650

Price
Only
$3.75

AMRAD Variometers permit use of ceptionally low in distributive capa-

the scientific principle of Induct- city.
ance •.runing, by which greater volt-
age reaches the tubes than in any Due to their design and construc-
other way. tion, AMRAD Basketballs have the
very minimum of dielectric losses,
To use the Inductance principle, and therefore function at peak
the tuning elements must be ex- efficiency.

Nothing has so po-

pularized Basket- Basketball Vario-
balls as the enthus- meters and. Coup-
iastic reception they lers are worth waft-
have received from ing for. If :vour
radio amateurs. See Dealer can't su·pply
them at your Deal- you at uuce, place
er's. or ask vour your order with him
friends about them. and he will obtain
Write for Descrip- them for you
tive Bulletin V Illustrating Use of BMk<'thalls in promptly.
the P-oputar AMRAD lNDUCTROI..E

aMERICAN RA010 AND RESEARCH coRPORATioN

205 College Ave., Medford Hillside, Mass.
AMRAD Dealer~ in Principal Cities and 'rowns
 '3Ae Ti:affie
Depai:tment
F. H. Schnell, Traffic Manager
~~

~ •~
1045 Main St., Hartford Conn. .:crj, '

As a reminder, don't forget the new tions on the air and operating consistently.
system of numbering messages as outlined We are looking for "real traffic" men who
in June QST, page 26. We are anxious to know how to handle traffic. We've got
have the benefit of all different criticisms something up our sleeve for the coming
and comments from amateurs who have year-,something that will boost traffic-
already started the new system. Much im- but we haven't time to waste on careless
provement can be made in the delivery of and negligent operators who don't know
messages if the office of origin and date what it means to deliver or relay a mess-
are transmitted on every message. Later age within 48 hours. Only the O.R.S. will
on, it may be a good plan to refuse a mess- be able to handle some of this new traffic
age that is not" complete in every way--- and delays or non-QRS will not be tolerated.
perhaps this would teach some of the The new manager of the Dakota Division,
laggards how to handle traffic. Yes, there elected by membership vote, is D. C.
are plenty of them in our ranks. Wallace, (9XAX-9ZT) 54 Penn Ave., Minn-
It doesn't seem possible that we will go eapolis, Minn. Wallace was the winner of
hunting for something to do this summer the Hoover Cup for 1923 and it looks like
with our programs of short wave tests from he has designs on the 1924 cup and unless
NKF, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory; FL, he gets some pretty strong competition
Eiffel Tower; and lXAM, our own lQP. All right away, he will walk off with it. Some
these stations and others are transmitting of you fellows had better wake up! Re-
practically every day on waves between 11 member this: it is only six months to the
and 120 meters. We intend to learn some- end of the year and 9ZT-9XAX has got a
thing more about short waves and day- good lead on most of you and has far more
light work. Copies of schedules can be had operation to his credit than a good many
from the Traffic Manager, 1045 Main St., stations where . there are three or four
Hartford, Conn. If you are interested, drop operators-Wallace is alone. Are you go-
your card to the. above address and copies ing to sit by like wooden men and let him
of all short wave schedules and special take this cup again or are you going to
tests will be sent. We want and can use give him a run for his money. It isn't too
all the stations we can get-will you be with late, but you've got to start "doing" right
us, OM? now.
With the opening up of communication It looks like there will be a small band
to South America through CBS, we feel we or several small bands of short waves for
are drawing near to the "Round the World ge_neral amateur use---hope we can announce
Relay" by amateur radio and there is no it by the time this reaches you-but be
reason why we shouldn't connect England prepared for the dope via ARRL Broad-
with Australia (about 12,000 miles or half casting stations which broadcast every
way) this coming fall. We need more con- Saturday and Sunday night at 10:30 P.M.
centration on two-way work with Aus- standard time. You'll get the news as soon
tralia and New Zealand and we believe as we can pass it out to you. In the mean
the 100 meter waves will solve this problem. time, are you prepared to transmit and
Who will be the first American or Cana- receive on short waves around 100 meters?
dian ham to work one of them'/ A nice If not, get busy and rig up a short wave
boomerang tr6phy awaits the lucky ham! tuner-see the back numbers of QST-the
Up .to May 22, CBS reports the following transmitting dope is there too. Don't go to
stations heard: lABF, lXAM, lXW, lXZ, sleep this summer just because your set has
3ABD, 3OH, •HZ, 8BPA, and 9UA. Cana- the 'hee-bee jee-bees'-niake use of the
dians: lAR and lBQ. Brazil 2SP, L. Y. ~ummer months for construction work and
Jones, Jr., Rua Frei Caneca No. 22, Sao get ready for a big- traffic season. Get in•
Paulo reports lBCR, lXZ, 8ABS, 8VE, on the tests etc., but don't let the dust
9CII, and 9ZT. 2SP includes reception up accumulate on your junk.
to May 24. ATLANTIC DIVISION
Some of the fellows seem to hesitate C. H. Stewart, Mgr.
aWhbout taking out the new O.R.S. Certificates.
. at's the trouble---haven't you confidence T?e n<~w line-U.P of ~~e o.rganhation is Rh6win,r
greatly 1mnroved cond1hons. Traffic reports are
in Your ability to operate your stltion Poming in in mid-winter form. The new A.D.M. for
acording to the requirements or are you just w~stern New York is 8PJ, replacing 8AWP. We
naturally bashful? Surely it can't be the look forward tu some reports from this section <'Reh
month.
!ater - where is the bashful ham - there 2HRB. the A.D.M. for 1<:astern New York and 2WR,
isn't one. We want to see more applications I.hf A.D.M. for Northern New Jersey are making
f or the new O.R.S. and we want more sta- thrn.ll"s hum and new life is being- instilled wher<>ver
nt."c-ei;:;sary to bring about better cooperation. ·
QST FOR JULY, 1924 . I
For the benefit of those who don't know where 2CYQ, 189 ; 2CQD, 10: 2CQZ, 112; 2ACD, 94; 2BQ
to send their reports, please be governed by the 20; 2CRW, 14; 2CYW, 26; 2CBP, S; 2QS, 2,
following: 2AES, 10; 2CVG, 7; 8FP, 6; 3ZI, 7; 8BLZ, 1
Northern N.J., A. G. Wester, 2WR, 1075 Chancellor 2CPD, 68; 2AUH, 12; ZADU, 6; 2ATE. 6: 2ATJ
s~.. Hilton. 35; 2CUB, 28 ; 2DAB, 1 : 2AJF, 6; 2CGK, 10.
Southern N.J., R. W. Densham, 8EH, Collingswood. EASTERN PENNSYLVANIA-Qt1ite a few •ta
Eastern N.Y., E. Glaser, 2BRB, 845 E. 13th St., tions made their initial report this month. Severi
Brooklyn. O.R.S. appointments were Issued the past month wil
Western N.Y., C. Taylor, 8PJ, 598 Masten Ave., a few still pending, which shows active statior
Buffalo. are on the boom. Most of the consistent reporte1
Two western N.Y. stations reported traffic; 8AOH, came across this month and made a fine showim
10; 8HJ. 27. Southern N.J.; 3APB, 14; 8BAY, GZ; 8QV has 20 west coast stations to his credit. 3BA1
3BEI, 3'l'; 8BWJ, 32. breaks out for the first time. How's that for summe
EASTERN NEW YORK-There are half >t dozen work, 8ZM installs a portable transmitter in hi
reports missing this month. The fellowa who aren't motor car and parks in some ideal location. Wid
sending in reports had better get busy or take the publicity should be given to station' 3ZF-3B0B fo
consequences. 2CHY handed in a good report for the service they are planning to give amateurs o
Brooklyn with the help of the A.D.M. 2ACS is the this and nearby stations. A new master osci!lato
new C.M. of Schenectady and is showing his worth system is being installed whereby standard fr•
already with an excellent report. 2ADD from quencies will be transmitted to enable official sta
Yonkers hands in as fine a report as usual. 2ANM tions to calibrate their wave-meters and receivers
has taken over the job of D.S. for New \'ork Dist. also a standard shielded oscillator with a specia
No, 3, and has given up his fob as C.M. of Troy at harmonic elimination circuit to plot the received wave
the request of the A.D.M. 2BBX, 2CIZ, 2CHY, 2CYX. length of the station requesting same. A wav,
2CRQ, 2CEV, :lADD, 2CXB and 2CSL have been meter which is one quarter of one percent below 301
appointed 0.R.S. The reports from t.he Bronx and meters is also part of the equipm.ent. 'rhe statio1
Manhattan haven't fallen any as the C.M.'s are hot is in charge of three experienced operators havin~
aftn the bunch. Many stations are dosing for the 10 years of radio to their credit. Accuracy will b,
summer: 2KU, 2XQ, 2XNA ipart). 2ADM has maintained at all times. This is indeed a servic,
quit for good-so he says. 2CYX and 2CRQ are to the Atlantic Division. Philadelphia stations wer,
doing fine work. 2CUZ i~ the hC!st station in, " little more active this month.
Yonkers. 2CMG, the station of the Hudson River Tratllc: 37.M, 22; 8BAU, 4; 3QV. 21; 8BNU, 39
Yacht ('Huh, is, a new .. comer and is doinv, excellent :JC.TN, 89; 3MQ, 18; 3TP, 37; 8AUV, 26; 8ZO. 101
work. The Ancient QRMers R.r(' st.HI rPnresented. :>BBV, 20; 3CCX, 25; 8BQ, 14; 3K,T, 54; SGK, 15,
2AQH, 2SM. 2CVX and 2BWB are still at it. Y~s. :icc;s, 10 : 3ABH, 47; 3BTU, 27; 3PS, 17 ; 3A WA, 13
sparks. is what we mean. 2CXB is the most Active WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA-Dist. No. 8: 3Al)Ji
station on Long Island. 2KR is RHB ruinin{( a has just pai.ched up trouble with the Radio Inspector
201A. 2BWR is taking a trip around the wnr!d as ··nd promises to be back on the ~ir. 8AKI has been
an op. 2CEV has consented to junk the spark ,"l.nd v,,ry busy finishing up high school work but has
put in a fi() or two. (;reat stuff, OM. se, t.he whole m .. naged to get in on the Pennsylvania RR. Emerg.
Second District and Jots nf othns. Hi. ::U A, D.S. Pncy Tests.
District No. 2, has a t~rrihle timf'l tryini;; to gPt Dist. No. 9: The 9th Penna. TJistriet is coming
reports. How about some rpports from Westche3ter, h·,ck to its old reputation under the guidance of the
Putnam, and Dutchess· counties? RAOT and !l A. VR n S. at 8VE. 8BW has been doing very little on
are the only active stat.ions in the 6th <listrict. HBV A a.,count of school QRM. /ff,W is a new member.
is going to open up soon. 2GK is still on the job 8H.JT is a new station. 8CDC 18 knot.her of our
working all the DX and getting reports together. ,,.,tive stat.ions in the P. R.R. t<'sts. BCEO was nne
2ACS handled the most traffic in the upper part of of the most successful in the P. R.R. test.a. Also
the state. (FB, OM) worked regular schedules with 4,TR ,ind 9DVW. F<DLI
Traffic: Brooklyn; 2BRB, 110: 2CPQ. 106: 2ABN, iq another new l!ltation located at Parnassus. the
96; 2AA Y, 66; 2CHY, 48; 2ADC. 01 : 2WZ. 82; home of the mighty 8BZC. The whole gang certainly
2CJR, 60 ; 2CZM. 55 ; 2CRB. H : 2CLA, 20 ; 2BXR. does welcome hack home the Alexander brothers. of
48; 2AGO, 20; 2DL. 31 : 2AX. 38; 2BZO, 2~; 2ABR, 8JQ, 8 AGO has changed from the Master Oscillator
28; 2WC, 14; 2COH, 16; 2AHI, 8; 2PF, 15; 2CXA. to " coupled Hartley circuit with very favorable
8; 2EQ . r,; 2CWO. G Bronx: 2CRQ. 314: 2CYX. results. A new 1 watt /input) set using the Master
157; 2ABH, 29; 2CWR, 3; 2FZ, 11; 2BBX, 106; Oscillator circuit is under construction and will be on
2SM, 12; 2CVX, 58. Manhattan; 2CPK, 159; 2KR, the air soon. 8CEJ has joined the bunch of 150
92; 2XNA, 64: 2CHK. 19; :!CSL. 10: 2CMG, 27: meters. 8CEI is still tearing large holes in the
2CTE. 36; 2BNL, 16. Richmond; l1CEP, 33; 2CEV, ether and getting out FB. 8CVY is handling a fair
51.. Dist. No. 1; 2CXB, 14; 2BPB, 11. Dist. No. amount of traffic but reconstruction is keeping his
3; 2ANM, 17: 2CPZ. 7. Dist. No. !\: ?.CHG. 44: total down. RCES is not in DX shane just now,
2BXW, 5; 8A VJ, 56: ~APU, 20; 8BXP. 23. Dist. but he and 8SF are combining and are going
No. 6; HA.VR. :;; RAOT, 2. Yonkers: 2CUZ, 73: to have a big station. 8CKO has moved to a new
2APY, 18; 2ADD. 9; 2ACl, 8; 2CII,, 2; 2AQH, 26. and better location.
Schenectady: 2ACS, 104: ~CWJ. 70; 2GK. 48; Dist. No. 10: 8ADS is still handling traffic and
2ADM, 20; 2CGJ, l.2; 2CPA. 12; 2XQ, 11; 2ALK, <•etting out well with the lone 50-watter. SCCK
10; 2AIF, 8; 2AAZ, 5: 2CZH, 2. is also doing very fine work and handling his
NORTHERN NEW ,JERSEY-E\'ery month finds share of the traffic. 8BRB has blown his 5-watters
activities greater and if it kPPps up to the present up again and is off the air temporarily, 8CMH is
rate, ,Jersey will be a bann~r state. A route will a new station for this district and is located at
be established from N. Y.C. to Asbury Park, Atlantic Sligo,
City 11nd Philadelphia for the summer, for the sea- Dist. No. 11: 8DKI is getting out very good as
shore traffic. 2FC is back aRain with renewed pep. usual. 8SR of Olean, N. Y. reports 84 msgs to t.he
2CPD wiJl be a fine $tat.ion for cienring alI So. district. inasmuch ai:J, he co1.1ld find no one in New
.Jersey traffic as he ~~ts into Atlantic City re1Y,ularly. York who would take his report. This is a mighty
2BUY, 2ARS and 2AUH are now getting into action fine station for N.Y. and the A.D.M. up there should
and along with 2FC will form the backbone of get after him. (Thanks, OM, for your report. We
the sea-shore expre~s route, Newark has aw~kened are glad to take care of: it for you and the
from a long slumber and traffic is mnv-in~ through P,:-nsylvanfa districts wiJl be more than glad to Q:'lR
this cit.v via 2AMF. 2CMK, 2BXD and2LT. A new your msgs-A.D.M.) 8CWW and RCQL are the onl;t
C.M. will have to be appointed as 2BMS ha• fallen prospects fur keeping ~~rie on t,he. 1nap t,his coming
hy the wayside. 2AXF is new C.M. of Irvington and season.
is eomplainini:,: about a few lneal I.C.W. and fone Dist. No. 14: The report for the month of April
hams who hog the air durinR" DX hours. ZCQZ is -.vas missing due to pressure of business rf:"snlting
~till going strono-. 2ALY and 2CDR will be hack from FLOOD of March 29th but the district has been
in the fa I!. 2WR has been listenin« in more than functioning nevertheless even if only on two ey1inders.
sendinp;, tryin~ t.o p.;et a good line up on future During the sleet storm or February 19th this district
O.R.S.'s and C.M.'s anri the future wi11 find some suffered heavily from sleet and hip;h winds which
new appoiutments in this section. 3FP is back and tore down every antenna in the district and it has
has erl~cted a 68' sea~going mast which looks great. only been by perseverence that some have been re-
3CS has a new special' call 3ZI, but he wishes he has atored so that League business could be handled and
n new stick instead. SOH has a new 100 watt set. to these stations I have sent my appreciation.
The spring has got hold of :3RLZ so his eall will 8DBL is getting along in true A.R.R.L. style hand·
be absent for awhile. ?.XAN threatens to open with ling all msgs Mming his way. 8B,T A\. altho back in the
500 watt.s so local B.(1.L.'s beware. game in good shape is handicapped by business but
'l'raffic: 2IlZJ, 16: 2FC. 17: 2CUA. IO: 2WR. 53: looks for improvement soon. 8BBP is back on the
2A.XF. 17; 2GC, 1: 2AFG, 10; 2BNT. 24; 2AYN, air but as yet has been unahle to put up a decent
20; 2A WV, 20; 2CMK, 70: 2AMF, 105: 2BXE, 39; antenna. 8BRM is getting in shape hut due to
2BQQ. 29: 2CRD, 29: 2CTS, 11; 2BEO, 12; 2AEY, feminine QR 1 BBGG, 8WR and 8BDU are not
58; 2BQA, :l2; 2BGO, ~5; 2BYD. 10; 2CRP, 17; w0rking at the present time.
n QST FOR JULY, 1924
 'fhe O.R.S. certificate of 8BKY was cancelled be• Traffic: 9BCC, 148 ; 9DHR, 90; 9ES, 68 ; 9EJI, 36;
cause he did not know how to observe the rules and 9EJ A, 32; 9BVZ, 80 ; 9BJL, 26 ; 9DUC, 25 ; 9BJR,
regulations of the U.S. government or the require- 19; 9A WG, 17; 9CYQ, 14; 9TG, 12; 9TA, 8; 9CUR,
ments of the A.R.R.L. and after numerous warnings 8 ; 9PB, 6; 9BIW, 1.
persisted in transmitting on 100 meters and using KENTUCKY: Traffic between Lexington and
a false cal, 8XCW, for this purpose. Middlesboro can be handled in short order but traffic
Traffic: SAKI. 15; 8BW, 16; 8LW, 88; 8QD, 23; from Lexington and Covington is slow as there are
SUT, 9 ; 8CDC, 22; 8BJT, 27; 8CEO, 24; 8CIX, not many active ~tatiomi. There seems to be a
70; 9DT,I, 6; 8VE. 35; 8,JQ, 125; SAGO, 83; 8CEJ, dead spot between Covinp;ton and Louisville and
48; BAIG, 46 ; 8CEI, 31 ; SCMF, 28 ; 8DHW, 22; these two cities rarely, if ever. get reliable connection.
8CVY. 12 : 8CES, 3 : 8A YW, 2; SCFB, 2; 8DIZ, 4; 9ELL with aerial 10 ft. above CP has the traffic
'8CTF. 11; HCCK, 77; 8BRB, 21; 8CMH, 5; SADS, honors this month. !lARU is still working west coast
15; BBYI, 23; 8DKI, 49; 8SR. 84; SCON, 36; 8BJV, i,n four 5-watteni, handling traffic. 9BAZ and 9DTT
84; 8DBL. F3; 8AAJ;', J; 8BBP, 55; 8BRM, 5; 8ABS, are holding their own anfl doing good work. 9MN,
106. a newcomer, is (H\ with two 201 amnlifier tubes and
MARYLAND--In spite of bad DX, WX, traffic getting out. OWT.T is reqdy for stesdv work and can
is kept moving, altho only a few stations are report- handle traffic in anv direction. 9BEH h,:m four 5 ..
ing as usual. :JLG is still the star Baltimore sta- watters with "B" b~ttery nlate snpolv. 9DYC. 9D.TN.
tion and reaches out in all directions equally well. 9CUR. 9DRC, 9CAQ, 9AFE, 9BDE. 9BEH, 9CON
:lBCK, our YL, has been reported in England, using are all active hut handled no traffic.
10 wHtts, 450 RAC on plates, the best miles per Traffic: 9F,LL, 39: 9ARU, 32; 9BAZ, 30; 9WU, 18;
watt for any local station. 3APT is very much 9EI. B; 9MN. ::!.
elated >1t being Jogged in France. 3AJD • is heard MICHIGAN: Dist. No. 1: Ypsilanti; 8BOB is
R.e.ross the pond frqeuently. 3XAO-3TE is working on 150 m~1.ers with o five-watlers. kDKA is QRM
British stations on 100 meters, a new record for from Rehool work but on once a ,Yeek. 8ANP has
Baltimore stations to shoot at. 3JS is a new 10- a 100-watter g-oing OK. ~AOG ·is a new st.at.ion.
watter. self-rectified set, and sounds promising. :!SQ SDIL has ":,;" tubes working and has a W.E. 50
is on av,ain with a temporary antenna and CP. w~tter pumpinrr. fi.5 amPR in aerial. SBDO is on
and doing FB. 3MF is kicking out even better 185 mPters with a good sharp wave. RAMS is on
than before. using S tubes. The following Rre on with :\ ,~ood kick a ud <loin~ good work. Plegse
the air occasionally and are getting- out well: 3PH, remember follows that this is practically t.he only
3WF, :roq, 3TF. 3HMO. 3CJC, 3AEK, 3CDU, W.TW, route to the north now. Shoot him your stuff as he
:lUZ, 3CHB. 3I•'K, 3BU, 3GL. 3SF, 3LL, 3SS, 3AQ.T, is QSO with other north stations. Thousands of
3HU, 3DO, 3CGC, 3J;'B. 3APV is doing remarkable msgs c~n go to kesort country, get. that business
work ,vith one 5Mwatter. this summer. remember ~AMS. Now QSO with
Traffic: 3LG, 122 : 3APT, 37; 3MF, 15 ; 3HG, 9; l~rankfort. Mich. and Petosky. 8ZH is on as much
:JAPV. 102. . as possihJe in daylight. Checking waves, look out.!
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA-Many of the old sta- 8CAP walked 18 miles to g;,t a 5-watt tuhe to re-
tions which were more or lesR permanent fixtures pl;:Jce a hurned out one---•he didn't get" it then-some
in the caµitol. have disappeared. However, there is spirit!
re»son to expect the following back on the job soon. Dist. No. 2: 8DCW leads district No. 2 with
3STJ. 3,T.T, :JAB. 3SU turned to the making of B.C.L. RCFQ second.
neutrodvnes and is about fed up on the job; 3.J J Dist. No. 3: 8DGC seems to be the only active
has had a case of temporarily lost interest; 3AB st.ation in GR. 8BCV is going strong with his
has been having antennae come down as fast as he 15-watter. Kalamaxoo seems to be the only i,ity
put. them up. with any rt~al active traffic handlers on this mnnth.
The big need of the District of Columbia right We have a new comer who signs SAOR and is a
now is two or three consistent and conscientiously promising young ham. 8CZZ still burning up some
operated stations-not. station specializing in high of the OM's money in light bills without much DX
power output. We have been relying c.hiefly on so he says.
3APV, a station just outside of the district using Traffic: 8DCW, 317; 8CFQ, U0; 8DFB. 164; 8YN,
a 5 watt tnbe, but well operated. 3BWT deserve• 143; 8BZD, 102; 8DIL, 95; 9CE, 88; 8BNC-8DAG,
corHmendation on the clean way in which the sta- 66; 8C:QG, 47 ; 8CZZ, 44 ; SAMS, 35; 8CPY. 33 ;
tion handles messages. BCLG, 32 ; 8ZH, 31 ; 8APN, 31 ; 8DBO, 29; 8AIH,
Traffic: 3APP, -i-; 3BSB, 5; 3BWT, 31; SHS, 20: 25; SBUC, 25: 8ZZ, 21; 8BWJ, 19; 8BOH. 17;
3TY, 4. 8DGC, 16; 8BDR, 13; 8CWK, 10; 8BGQ, 8; 9AEN,
7 ; 8WA, 6 ; RBC:V, 6; 8AOR, 5 : 8ZF-8BEZ, 5;
CENTRAL DIVISION 8CAP, 2; 8CPD, 2; SBFW, 2; 8CIC, 1.
R. H. G. Mathews, Mgr. OIDO: 8FU is only operating on good nights on
at•count of heavy QRM. 8AVN QRMing first district
NORTHERN INDIANA: Dist. No. 1: Muncie is with his spark. Hams and B.C.L.'s of Lima are
shaking oil' some of the old moss with 9EG and cussing a bad power leak. (Cut out the spark, OM-
9EJU breaking out. -Both 5-watters, but real 5- T.M.) 8DOX worked 200 miles with detector, 45
watter.a. Decatur; 9DRS has kept up a good day- ,·olts on plate. 8CY has new calls, 8XM and SZE.
light schedule. Albany; 9A UC claims DX record 8GX has new call 8XT. Both are going to operate
and championship getter of miles per watt. He from 100 to 125 meters. 8PL's license was suspended
worked 1ARY using one 201A tube and radiating for six months. 8AIB is on again with a 50-
one tPnth amp. Marion; 9CLN got his 100 watt watter---pure D.C. 8ANB-8ZAB, C.M. for Cincinnati
fone going in fine shape. 9AZX is on low power is doing his stuff. 8CHB is going strong on day-
but finds that low power is all that is needed for the light work. 8ANB has a special set for R.R. emer-
low waves~ gency work. Ohio's best traffic handlers were: SAAJ,
Dist. No. 2: 9CTE is still working sixes. 9FB 8CCI, 8AIB, 8ANB, SZE, 8DBM, a.nd 8BYN. Ohio
is on the air quite consistently and is doing good also comes to the front with "Buckeye News" a
work. 9BON says that traffic is better and is working mimeographed sheet liliving detailed activities of all
more. 9NI is starting up with a 5-watter. 9DKT Ohio stations. This is sent free by the A.D.M. to
is a new station. 9CNO is moving to So. Haven, all stations reporting. (Very FB, OM-T.M.)
Mich. 9CHV is back on the job now and then. Traffic: 8BYN, 354; 8AIB, 100; 8AAJ, 75; 8ANB-
9DYT worked west coast 10 times in 15 days with a. 8ZAB, 69; 8ZE-8GX-8XT, 61 ; 8CCI, 57; 8DBM, 57;
5-watter. 9CP is on spasmodically. 9DJT went to 8CWP, 47; 8ER. 40; 8KG, 37; 8TJ, 36; 8CVH, 85;
Kansas and on his forth day there got married. 8ALW, 34; SBNH, 30; 8BMB, 29; SGD, 28; SZC,
Nothing slow about him l 26; 8CNL, 26; SPL. 25; 8CHB. 21; 8AGP, 20: 8GZ,
Traffic: 9CTE, 152; 9DJZ, 66; 9AUC, 65; 9EG, 19; 8FU, 17; 8CMU, 16; 8BZT, 16; 8DFF, 15:
64; 9BON, 58; 9DWA, 56: 9AKD, 41; 9EJU, 41; 8BZR, 15; SBIE, 14; 8DKM, 12; 8COJ, 10; 8FM,
9DLW, 35; 9CYW, 30; 9FB, 2!;; 9CP. 22; 9DBJ, 22; 8; 8MD, 6; 8BDF, 6; 8RY, 5; 8BFB, 5; SCAB, 5:
9DYT, 20; 9CLN, 17; 9BUJ, 11: 9DLN, 8; 9AZX, 8BWC, 2; 8CNR, 2; 8BHE, 1; 8A VN. 38; 8TJ, 12. ·
8; 9DWW, 5; 9DKJ, 5; 9CUS, 5: 9HJ, 4; 9DKT, WISCONSIN: Dist. No. 1: 9BFY is closed down
4; 9EHU, 4 ; 9ABL. 3. for the summer. 9CII just got a 50-watter working
SOUTHERN INDIANA: Traffic is picking up in and has no trouble working sixes and sevens. 9BKR
Southern Indiana. The cause o! this increa.se is not is QSO in all parts of the U.S. and Canada.. 9BBY
known but is probably due to a general revival handled 273 words of press for the Jonrnal in the
of interest in amateur radio in this section. 9BJL News Contest. 9ELV still works the west coast
r<,ports being on a transcontinental which went thru easily and always manages to have one good tube
in 20 minutes. in the socket. 9AAP is doing some good work hand-
~e Indianapolis Radio Club (affiliated with the ling stock and dairy reports for the Department of
A.R.R.L.) elected officers at the last meeting May Markets. (Atta Boy-T.M.) 9DXA and 9BHM ex-
19th: R. D. Scobey, 9BIW, president; D. J. Angus, 9CKW reports antenna down, no tubes, transformer
9CYQ. V.P.; Bill Ehler•. 9ARP, secy-treasurer. busted, sweetheart on strike, 0 Death, where is
9VC, 9WE and 9CYQ have purchased new 1500 thy sting! Hi.
volt D.C. generators for plate supply. Dist. No. 2: 9BIB i• still the best station in
QST FOR JULY, 1924 III
Racine and works both coasts easily. 9AZR is one tube. and gets \JEGG fin·e. They are continuing
reaching out well and is rapidly improving in traffic their work. 9BAB is out for the summer. and will
work. 9DDQ has sent his O.W. to the country so not be on till fall when he will have 100 watts.
he can work on his set. Hi. 9DWP and 9HO, 9DCH is watching daylight traffic. 9COF is just
Baird's new station at Kenosha, has been busting removing the black crepe of mourning following the
up the ether lately wtih an antequated rock crusher, extinction of a fiver. Another has come to bless
but promises a 15-watter soon. The A.D.M. has his happy home. 9MB sports a commercial ops
a hunch the B.C.L.'s drove him to it. 9BMY is license in his station. He has spent most of his time ,.
a newcomer working up in A.R.R.L. affairs. 9DKS, this month in experimentirig and repairing and
the station of Madison's C.M., is temporarily out wants daylight schedules between 6 :30 and 8 :00
of the game as the C.M. is now operating the Wis- A.M. 9DYR is winding transformers and testing
consin Department of Markets Station at Stevens before building a portable super.
Point. 9DZV is taking care of A.R.R.L. matters Traffic: 9DOE, 382: 9CO, 197 ; 9BMR, 101 : 9CDV,
in Madison during 9DKS's absence. 9AZA gives 81; 9EGU, 72: 9ABI, 38; 9EGF. 18 ;9OAJ, 56:
a small msg total but he is on the job nevertheless. 9SF, 8; 9BVS. 5; 9EGG. 9; 9DDP. 9; 9DYR. 5;
Dist. No. 3: 9BMU has opened up with a 50- 9BNF, 66; 9MB, 11; 9COF, 14; 9DCH, 10; 9BFI,
watter. 9DJI reports traffic a bit slow-everybody 86; 9DAW, 41: 9CVV, 13; 9BLY, 74; 9BEP, 10:
trying for DX records. 9BVA has worked 30 states 9BIS, 60: 9BTL. 16: 9BTT. 6 ; 9ZT, 70; 9A WV. 10:
and 8 districts on a low wave. 9BSA is a new 9DGE, 26; 9CXP, 78; 9CPM, 238.
station at West Bend. 9ADP makes a lot of noise NORTH DAKOTA: 9UH, 9DKB and 9AEJ have
and has a lot of fine DX to his credit. 9ALA claims suspended operations for the summer after putting
4 districts and 8 states for a starter. 9CXY. Sheboy- through some very excellent work during a sleet
gan High School. is working fine for a beginner. storm that paralyzed communication in the vicinity
9AEU reports DX poor but has been moving traffic of Devils Lake. The evening of April 25 was rainy.
in spite of it. During the evening the temperature dropped and the
Dist. No. 4: 9BLF again heads the list. ilays rain froze to all wires. At 6 A.M. not a wire into
he is getting out fine but DX not so good srnce Devils Lake was up and there was no communication
the trees began to leave. 9AKY gets out fine with of any kind. At noon on April 26· 9UH called 9AEJ
one fifty. 9EIL built a special short wave tuner with a press report. 9AEJ succeeded in putting up
and now works sixes at will. a temporary aerial by 2 P.M. and communic-ition was
Dist. No. 5: H. Jones, D.S., reports that he ls established with 9CSI at Grafton who telephoned to
moving to Minneapolis and will have to resign as Fargo to start the press "as reception was good at
D.S. We are sorry to see you go, OM, and all join 9AEJ. 9DKB started transmitting at 3 P"M. direct
in wishing you best 78, and hope to hear further to 9AEJ, 9DKB was relieved at 4 P.M. by 9UH who
from you. W. C. Bridges of Superior is recommended completed the work. 9AEJ relayed an acknowledge-
to succeed Mr. Jones as D.S. ment to 9UH and 9DKB via 9CSI. Telegraph and
The Wisconsin A.D.M. now publishes '"Badger telephone communication resumed shortly after 6 P.M.
News," and activity sheet sent free to all stations Due to extra heavy QRN practically all North
that report to him. (FB, ..C>M, you've started some- Dakota traffic is handled during the noon hour and
thing-D.M.) (Yea, Bo !-'r.M.) very reliable efficient routes have been worked out
Traffic: 9CCF, 135; 9BIB, 135; 9EGW. 123; 9BFY, by 9DNX, 9CSI, 9AMP and 9AEJ. Message traffic
121 ; 9AZR, 86; 9CII, 84 ; 9BMU. 78 ; 9CJI, 78; 9BV A. going west is handled promptly through any North
62; 9BKR. 60: 9DTK. 57; 9BBY, 55: 9ELV. 54; Dakota station relieving a situation that has bothered
9BLF, 51; 9EL, 147; 9BVE. 41: 9BSA. 30; 9BYE. 28; for some years.
9AAP, 25; 9DBM, 24; 9CIU. 22; 9ATO, 21; 9DP, 21; Traffic: 9AEJ, 7: 9AMP. 30; 9DNX. 72; 9EBT. 18.
9BQG, 20 ; 9ALA, 18 : 9ALI. 17 ; 9DPR, 16; 9CXY, 15 ; SOUTH DAKOTA: The new regulations put a
9AZN, 15; 9EGH, 15; 9BSO, 15: 9AEU, 14: 9DHG. stop to the usual after supper work so we must get
13; 9CYG. 12; 9AZA, 12; 9EAR, 11 ; 9ATW, 10; the habit of getting up early or be on at noon for
9AFZ, 9; 9BMY. 8; 9CWZ, 8; 9DKS, 6: 9AKY, intra-state work.
6 ; 9EIL. 5 : 9DST, 5 : 9AJX. 3. 9AGL, 9ABY, 9CKD, 9DEC, 9DID and 9A VZ have
been on for work at times but lack regularity. The new
DAKOTA DIVISION fad is reaching down to the lower wave limit instead
D. C. Wallace, Mgr. of crowding next to 200 which is the right spirit.
9CKT is doing excellent work in daylight. He reports
New O.R.S. sertificates were issued to 9CVU, 9GZ. being heard by Canadian 4I;IZ in broad daylight.
9BQJ, 9CRW, 9AND. 91<:BC, 9BQQ and 9AEI. The This is quite a record, the distance being 987
personnel of the Administrative Staff of the state miles, and in view of the fact that 9CKT uses only
has changed. D. C. 'Wallace is now division manaQ;er. a so-called 5-watter. 9AYD was the best Sioux
ad M. G. Goldberg. is assistant division manager. Falls station this month. 9BOF blew his 50-watter;
N. A. Canfield is resigning as he is going to sea. with which he has hung up a DX record of 1250
E. J. Caveny, C.M. of Luverne, is also going to sea. miles.
and new appointme11ts will be made to fill these Traffic: 9CKT, 98; 9AYD, 57; 9DKQ, 6; 9BOF,
vacancies. l 07 ; 9DWN. 113 ; 9AGL, 75 ;" 9DEC, 38; 9CKD. 31 ;
9DPX was going to sea so quit his job and packed 9ABY. 21 ; 9DUI, 8.
up. His mother saw a movie of ocean waves in -------
action, the night before his leaving, result. 9DPX DELTA DIVISION
will stay home and transmit on a couple of 201's. W. W. Rodgers, Mgr.
9DEB is getting married soon. 9AE has gone to
Alaska, leaving 9BPM running the traffic handling TENNESSEE: 5KA has been appointed an O.R.S.
in St. Paul. "9BL Y has worked ,!JE. Porto Rico 5CN, our latest relay station, is rapidly coming to
several times-·he also worked Mexican BX and Cana- the front.
dian 9BP. nr. Young, a icweler in north Minnea- Traffic: 5CN. 75; 5NT, 25; 5ANT, '12; 5KA, 54;
polis. has offered a silver loving cup for the best all 5ALV. 26: 5WO, 14; 6EK, 43.
around i:;t.ation in Minnesota district No. 3. The MISSISSIPPI: New O.R.S. certificates have been
judges have been appointed. namely, C. L. Jansky: issued to 5AGS. 5AGV, 5AKP and 5AIR.
L. C. Smeby; D. C. Wallace. All stations are •rraffic: r,KR. 60; 6AGS, 18; 5QZ, ,10: 5AIR. 16 :
eligible for this in this- district, excei1t those in any 5AKP, 14; 5AGV, 27.
way connected with the judgings. 9DOE and 9ADF LOUISIANA: Short waves are the talk of this
of Duluth did fine work during a recent storm on the state now and are cutting thru the awful QRN FB.
Great Lakes and hand1ed 20 messages for ships who
were blockaded a few miles from the Port of Duluth.
43
Tr;J}'hJs1ii: ,~r::~ 1~ ;!·ther low here due t6
shut-downs in several good stations.
They were their only means of getting me::isages,
as the Duluth commercial station was wrecked in Traffic: 5ANW. 12.
the storm. 9BBF and 9BKX have incorporated and
a real station will be the outcome. 9BZ,J is a new EAST GULF DIVISION
man at Madison filling in the place of 9BXB now H. L. Reid, Mgr.
at school. 9BJi'U has difficulty in keeping fiver and a
F'ord going at the same time. 9BVS is leading the GEORGIA-Due to the summer static and the
Redwood gang in getting out of the ninth district coming of school examinations for some of the
for the first t.im.-. 9DSW is ,iraduating and has amateurs there has been very little real message
suffered the loss of his pole and he can ·t get satis .. work and handling of traffic this month. Some sta-
fled with 1100 miles working DX. on the shorter tions have been on only one or two times during
pole. 9DDP has rebuilt his transformer with the hope the month. Coupled with this, three stations havf
of p.:~tt.in~ more reliable signals out of ten watts. burned out tubes. and on account of bad weather
9EGG has been doing some sensati<1nal work with eonditions. have not been in any rush replacing them.
low input and is averaging 32 IJ00 miles to the watt In LaGrange only one station. 4J I) ; Ashburn.
by transmitting a distance of 48 miles, daylight, 4PL, have handled any traffic. Three stations have
to 9AXS with a fiver pulling J/4 milliampere input, be.en active in Savannah, there being only one sta-
.0015 watt consumption. ~)AXS is using a single set, tion on 200 meters, 4DY. The other stations which
IV QST FOR JULY, 1924
were active were doing experimental work on the number ,,r
stations reaching, out to the west. 9EB
short waves. 4QF, who sold out and quit radio was reported by British 6 KO. During the school
first part of the year. has come back on the air exhibition, the Central High School (portable 9SB)
using 250 watts and will be open for traffic. handled many messages via A.R.R.L. '
The new government quiet hours have also pre- Tratlic: 9AKS, 61 ; 9EAK, 28 ; 9AFR, 13 :9DXY,
vented a number of stations both in Atlanta and 61 ; 9A WS, :l2 ; 9Bl''G, 13 : 9CJT. 171 : 9ADI, 16;
throughout the state from being on the air as the 9HG. 123; llCGS, 18: 9COU, 16; 9BNU, 29; 9CIM,
majority of station owners do not get home from 5; 9ATC, 21.
work in time to get on before seven o'clock and at KANSAS-9GFI is reaching out with a coupled
the same time are unable to stay up until after ten Hartley outfit. 9CCV will be going in his new loca-
thirty. tion very soon. The radio club at Lawrence js co-
4EQ has secured an experimental license and in- operating FB with the BCLs and there is much ex-
tends doing some experimental work on the short perimental work going on. Many stations have been
wa~es during the summer. · inactive because of final exams. 9BRD is sticking
Traffic; ARH, 8: ,,\JD, 10; 4PL, 6; 4DY, 12; 4XR, up a new pole. 9BIO lost another tube. The C.M.
10; 4XX. 11; 4FZ. 25. of K.C. hal'3 resigned and a new one will be announced
SOUTH CAROLINA-The eastern part of the shortly.
state is now open for traffic through 4SS. a new sta- Trallic: 9CGI. 11:i; 9BVV, 16; 9CEA, 108; 9HN.
tion in Charleston. Traffic for Spartenburg and H; 91W. 96: 9CCS, 75; 9AIM, 69: 9BIO, 41; 9BRD.
nei1rhboring cities should be given to 4SH. 1iRR or l7: 9EFU, 19: 9A,JU. r,O; 9DVI, 20: 9DNG, 64;
4IT. All messages QSR'd within 48 hours by air or 0DMX, 4 ; 9EHT, 71.
mail. 4SH is holrling up his end of a neverfailing IOWA-New O.R.S. <"ertificates were issued to
schedule with 4JR. ~AHH. 9CWF, HGZO, f!CTD, 9TJSL, 9BCX, 9TJKW,
Traffic: ,lSH, 50: 4RR, 32; 4SS, 10; 4IT, 3.
FLORIDA-The main route to Florida is by way
N
of ~Taeksonvil1e and St. Augustine. through stations
H'S. 4 EZ, 4Ji}R, and 4 PI. These stations are regu- NW °'"·
"'·-

s
FLORl~A ROUTE MAPt'U,lNROI.ITE l
TOGIJBA •
0. ••a•'/:~.'..;.
9CHN, 9GSB, 9BRS, instead of quitting the game
haH broken out with a new 250 watter and has
been appointed C.M. of Des Moines. 9CGY, 9DIB,
9C:S, 9BCX, BKV. 9AED are good stations for QSR
of all east and west traffic. In general, traffic is
larly in touch with Atlanta and Brunswick, Ga., moving quite smoothly throughout the state. 9DJA
and other points north, and traffic is passed on has had to mail meRsages once in a while to get them
south through daily schedules with Orlando, Tampa through in 48 hours. 9GZO continues to be the same
and Lakeland. Central Florida is splendidly taken old consistent and reliable traffic handler,
care of by three able stations. 4IZ leads in DX, Traffic: 9CZO, 136; 9CTD, 4"; 9BWC, 58; 9AED,
having been successful in the Pan~American 'rests. 42 : 9BYD, 14 ; 9BKV, 21; 9AHH, 38 ; 9AKE, 39;
St. Augustine is the main route to Porto Rico, 4JE 9CGY, 108; 9DSL. 30; 9DJA, 38; 9DNE, 27; 9KH,
being worked twice weekly on schedule. J;'rom cen- 6: 9BCD, 88; 9CKB, 20; 9AXD, 31; 9AMU, 30;
tral J,'lorida the two principle routes south are 9DIB, 2; 9CS, 12 ; 9CHC, 164.
ideally located, one to 4CH on the east coast and MISSOURI-New O.R.S. certificates were issued
the other to 4QY on the west coast. ,icH has kept to: 9CYK, 9BSH, 9AAU, 9EX, 9DMJ, 9ASX, 9ADC,
Miami open with a good spark, but he now has 9PW, 9DXN, 9DWK, 9DLJ, 9DCW, 9CKS, 9BHI,
a better C.W. This marks the passing of Florida's 9EFC.
last spark, but we can proudly say that those we had
were always good as spark stations go. The main
route to Cuba is through 4IZ, and 4QY, who TO iOW.,,.
have established dependable contact with Q2BY and STATIONS

Q2WW.
Considerable traffic is being handled by other good
stations not herein mentioned, who are rapidly quali•
Cying as Official Relay Stations.
Traffic: ,1 EZ, 90 : 4IZ, 48 ; 4FS, 48 ; 4PI, 28 ; 4P K, 18 ;
4[U-4XE, 18; 4BL, 17; 4PB, 17; 4QY, 14; 4CH,
14; 4ER, 5.
PORTO RICO-Traffic with the mainland this
month has been handled entirely by that dependable
station, 4JE, whose operator has made it a point to
deliver EVERY message received. Out of 38 mess-
ages received delivery was actually made on !l2.
the missing one having a mutilated address. 4BJ
,
<;.w ,:ri1£6'fll
has been doing good work, but traffic handled has OISrlUC:T

been local only. ,(OI is doing very little work with

the mainland.
Traffic: 4JE, 62; 4BJ, 13; 401, 3.
MIDWEST lHVISION
P. H. Quinby, Mgr.
AAK•LOIJISIAHA 14fHOISTlllGT
Sl'HDISTR.K.T $1'... TJO~
The choice of the Nebraska man makes 9CJT
A.D.M. for the state. 9CJT is one of the con- MISSOURITRAFFIC ROUTES-MAY 1924 .::_;:,~:,""
sistent and reliable stations on the air, and much
traffic is handled. ·New O.R.S. in the state are:
9ATC, 9CGS, 9CJT, 9AEC, 9AKS, 9BNU, 9A WS, Traffic is moving in good shape except in the
9ADI, 9COU, 9AQO, and 9CPB. Considering the southwest where QRN and the scarcity of stations
weather, traffic is holding up fine, in fact, a good makes traffic slow up. 9CRM is the only station
increase in the number of messages was shown. operating down that way. A windstorm hit the St.
Eastbound traffic moves with ease, while the west- Louis gang pretty hard and wrecked a number of
bound traffic is slowed up a bit in spite of the masts. 9AAU was the outstanding station in the
QST FOR JULY, 1924 V
P.R.R. Tests. A number of K.C. stations are QRT months but traffic moves steadily east and west.
until after exams. 9ST is the proud owner of two- Traffic going north is taken care of mostly by UL
way DX with British 2SH-messages were exchanged. who also has a daily schedule at 6 P.M. with 2CQL
9AYT lost quite a bit of junk when lightning struck on 150 meters for western traffic.. Several stations
his place. ('smatter, OM, no switches ?-D.M. & T.M.) being heard constantly in England are lABF. lAQM
9RR lost a partially erected tower. 9RR is the and lASU. lARE is a new!y active station in Pitts-
A.D.:M..'s station and his correct QRA is L. B. field that worked all nine districts in one hour and
Laizure, 8020 Mercier St., RFD No. 1, Kansas City. 52 minutes on the morning of April 19th.
Traffic: 9AAU, 55; 9EKF, 12; 9PW, 31; 9BHI, CONNECTICUT: Tbe handling of traffic throuir-
14; 9DXN, 25; 9CCW, 15; 9BLG, 20; (K.C.) 9ADR, out the state is practically at a satndstill due to
9; 9ACX, 5; 9AHZ, 20; 9AVN. 5; 9BDZ, Ii; 9BKO, most of the regular stations being off for the summer
44; ODO, 14; 9IB, 11 ; 9DJB, 2; 9ELZ, 4; 9SS, 6; months. UV continues to work England and lXAM
9S!, 302; 9DOJ, 2; 9RR, 27; 9DWK, 84; 9AOJ, 36; made a new record for himself when he was heard
9CJi.S, 65 ; 9ADC, SO. in Buenos Aires, South America.
------- RHODE ISLAND: lAID is our own YL. She is
NEW ENGLAND DIVISION on consistently and moves traffic in bunches. lBVB
L Vermilya, Mgr. and lII-lZS have a morning schedule at 9 every A.M.
Anyone wishing schedule with either of these stations
ALL HANDS--the one and only address of the let the A.D.M. know. lBQD is off the air until
D.M. is now Mattapoisett, Mass. fall. lII-lZS worked all districts in one night.
VERMONT: With the return of R. P. Slayton, NEW HAMPSHIRE: Very little traffic moving
lCPO, and the opening of several new stations in around this section at present. lYB now has an
various parts of the state, Vermont is practically ux" license in conjunction with their regular one.
covered and there are routes through all parts. Some The new call is lXAV.
of the smaller stations have been cooperating to Traffic: lARY, 104; lEPO, 40; lAJG, 10; lAAL,
form delivery routes. For the last month lARY has 12; lABG, 2; lADN, 50; lAFA, 151; lAIN, G;
had to do practically all its oper·•ting in the daytime. lAJK, 72 ; lAKZ. 9; lASU, 151 ; IAWW. 58 ; lBVR,
2: lCBH, 28; lIL. 53; lPY, 19; lVU, 37; lXZ, 98;
lAQM. 108; lARE, 75 ; lIV, 32 ; lZL, 25 ; lBGC,
21; lCKP, 86; lAYT, 80; lAWY, 33; lAH, 60;
1VK, 26 ; lBIY, 2; lCDE, 47; lAEL, 51 ; lBYM,
138; !ARP, 28; lFD, a9; lAJT, 6; lMY, 52; !ZS,
405, lAID, 65; lA WE, 54; lCAB, 29 ; lBIE, 31 ;
lOW, 48; lGV, 20; lBVB, 122; !KA, 48; lAQY, 42;
1 AGS, 20; lCMP, 141; lCEA, 15 ; lAVF, 43 ; lAIR,
35 ; lAF. 120; lAHL, 20; lNT, 34; lSE. 41 ; lLM,
42; lAQI, 21; lPP, 46; lAAC, 182; lCIT, 30; lSN,
15; lCJR, 51; lSK, 141; lRV, 23: IYB, 70; lAVL,
65; lBJF, 101; lCSS, 10; lBTF, 30; lATJ. 17;
lAER, 58; lBNK, 120; lCKK, 3; lACO, :15; lALK,
62; lAPF, 72; lAUC, 16; lAUR, 140; lBDI, 148;
1 BRR ~, : 1 BJS, 3 ; lBNL, 167 ; !BUB, ,\7 ; lCDO,
10; l '''"1 50; lCTP, 222; lFM, 42; !IT, 18; lKX,
15; lVF, 71.
MAINE: lBDI-XAH, our reliable transatlantic
station has finished college and will be found at
KDKA this summer. He was much delighted to me\!t
g2NM on his way through Maine after arranging
for it by short wa.ves with Europe and radiofone
with clllQ. lCRU bas been appointed D.S. of lBDI's
district. Trame honors this month go to lCTP who
leaves immediately for the Pacific coast. Another
~:i:ood relay ham becomes a commercial when lBQL
goes on a fruiter this summer.

NORTHWESTERN DIVISION
Glenn E. West, Mgr.
If the fellows in amateur radio averaged up any-
where near as good-looking as the girls there MONTANA-7IF is the new station at the U. of
would be a lot more stations in Hollywood. With Mont. Physics Dept., Missoula, Mont. 7KE is heard
which observat;ion we are pleased to present Miss workinR: daylight schedules. Great Falls is well taken
Mildred S. Lorentson, lAID, of Providence, R. I. care of by 7WP whose sigs will be heard all summer.
';'ZL will be on all summer and is arranging schedules
lt, and 1 YD, will not be on during the summer, as for all stations in the state. 7IT reached Austra,ia
no one will be around college. lAJG, U'N and lCPO with his 60 watts. 7EL. our spark coil C.W. wonder,
will take care of the traffic for the state. is still at it. 7 ACI takes care of tramc to and from
EASTERN MASSACHUSETTS: New O.R.S. cer-
N
tificates were given to lAF-XJ, and lAVF. N
The general trend of traffic seems to be a bit slow.
Most of the fellows complain that there isn't much
traffic to be had, and getting rid of local traffic is
especially hard. Trame routes to the east. i.e ..
Europe are open through lAF-XJ, lXAR, lAJA and
several others. Traffic to the north is moving smooth~
ly, and D.S. Johnson is working out a plan by which
Maine traffic can be QSR'd in the shortest possible
time. 'The westbound traffic is going by way of
lKA, lOPI, lAAC, and in fact traffic west seems
to be relayed with the greatest of ease.
lAOV has, opened up and is now set. for all
tratlic--•will QSR all msgs in the quickest possible
time, and maintain schedules every Tm,isday and
Friday nights from 11 :30 to 2 ::lo A.M. and oftener
if the occal$ion necessitate~. l KA's S(':hedule is 12:
Midnight to 4 :00 A.M., E.S.T, and he is working the s l
sixth district with fair consistency. l.CMP's big
stick blew down in a recent storm, so they put Up s WASHINGTON
a temporary affair and proceeded to work the west SrATIONS IN CIRCLES O.R..S STATIONS
coast immediately with but 2~!:i watters. 'fhey also
received cards from Australia and New Zealand re- Butte. He is one of the most consistent stations in
porting their sigs QSA there. While lBZQ is not the state. 7CO did his share this month in spite
an O.R.S. he deserves mention for his very fine de- of serious QRM due to school, work. He will be
livery of msgs. He QSR's all traffic within 24 hours on more now that school is out. 7ZU has been
and local be mails or delivers. An example for the busy building a new low loss tuner for his super.
O.R.S. The Tufts College is on the air using calls A map showing the reliable relay routes will appear
lDZ and lXAW. next month. 7 AGF will be QSO all directions all
WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS: Activities in gen- summer.
eral are slowing up with the coming of the summer Traffic: 7CO, 88; 7 ACI, 70; 7ZU, 57; 7 AGF, 61;
VI QST FOR JULY, 1924
7ZL, 40: 7WP, 39: 7ZJ<', 37; 71T, 34; 7KZ, 32 CALIFORNIA-Dist. Nr. l: 6A VR-6ZBF is chang-
7EL, 16. ing his QRA to Penns:,l'lvania and we are losing a
WASHINGTON-Conditions have been exceptionally good station, 6BNY is using two 5'era, but will
good for this time of year. 7 AF holds the honor of ehange to a 50 before long. ~A WX and 6CIA con•
relaying most messages, is QSO all parts. 7AX comes tinue to pound them out. 6ZH is now 6XBQ and
next. 7NO has schedule with Alaskan 7AEB three will operate on about 100 meters.
nights a week, and is QRV for traffic going this way. Dist. Nr. lA: 6XAD is busy fishing this time of
7 A.F'E deserves mention for working two 3 stations the year and we don't blame him. There is a great
in the same town in ten minutes. (FB) Yakima difference between fishing for the giant 'funa weigh-
has awakened at last, 7MI being the new station. ing upwards o.f a hundred pound and the business
7AFE, 7IH, 7AEZ, 7ADP, 7OY, 7MA, 7AEL, 7CA, of spending all day drowning worms one at a time
7 ABF, 7FD and 700 are holding down Seattle so and when one is lucky he might catch a fish that
ought to not be hard working there from now on. would make fair bait for a Tuna. So--we envy the
New stations 7HO, Sedro Wolley, 7ALI, Mont Vernon, Major!
7IX, Selah, 7AEZ Seattle, shows hopes of being real Dist. Nr. 2: Los Angeles traffic slowed up con-
active stations. Stations now having new O.R.S. siderably because of warm weather and QRN. 6BEG
certificates are: 7WS, 7FQ, 7FN, 7WA, 7NO, 7RC, lost another stick and was forced out for a time.
7BJ, 7FD; others will soon be issued but owing 6MH is <>Ut for lack of tubes. 6CBB and his 100
to small supply of certificates no more could be watter perking better than ever, 6AAO-6CHV has
issued. The map will probably help out in giving been troubled with "rectifieritis." 6BVG and 6KA-
an idea of the stations that are handling traffic. 6 XBC get out fine on short waves. 6AFG has moved
Many of these participate in being on thronghout out of the city and claims better reception.. 6BRA
the summer. has been out with a broken mast. 6AQD blew
OREGON-New O.R.S. certificates were issued to three 5'ers and was out on that account. 6CFM is
7 ARY, and 7 AKK. Traffic is moving throughout the getting out better with his new rectifier. llBJR is
state with very few definite schedules. Stations can reaching the east in good style. Some Sheba got
be heard, however, nearly every night in any part of hold of 6BWE. 6BDW is knocking 'c,m dead with
lots of noise. 6MG and 6PL have some tests on
with Australia. 6CMU is handling traffic in all
directions. 6LJ got his 500 cycle outfit perking and
gets out l<'B. 6CGS has a new antenna system. 6ALH
has been on but seldom, as has 6CMS. 6ALF is
tryinp; to make his 5 watters act like oO's.
6BBW has been on consistently and works the east
coast often. 6BUR has been changed from a 5
watter to a 250 watter. 6CIS works l's and 2's
every once in a while. llBUW is a new 500 watt
station.
The Long Beach traffic has fallen some. 6AKQ,
6,J A, and 6CLR will be off the air for a while.
l)WT is sticking up an 80' stick. 6CCW works along
in spite of QRN. 6CAE is a new station. 6NE
is held up for a new transformer. 6AUR is on
<>nee in a while. 6BQS is back from a short Jay-off.
B. R. Coles has taken ov~r districts 4 to 8. in--
elusive in California and will act as A.D.M. New
appointments wiH be made when suitable men show
themselves to be able to handle the jobs.
OREGON ROUTES 6C,JV, operating only a few nights was heard in
all districts and worked 3ME--using a pair of 5'ers.
6AME worked 2RRB on a 5'er. 6NX hsa been on
the state. 7 AV seems to be the star message handler with phone, but hasn't handled much traffic. 6CEI
with 81 to his credit for the month. 7IW and 7ZW and 6CIE are in Santa Cruz elearing traffic. 6ZAR--
have a schedule on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fri- 6TV is being removed to 8CMI for summer work.
days at 6 :30 P .M. Wavelengths used are near 150 GZAU is rebuilding. 6ZAH is operating on short
meters for both stations. The most reliable stations waves. 6BAB is off the air with a blown tube. 6NH
in the north are 7CW, 7KS, 7 ALD, 7 AIX, 7 AV. is ehangini< his QRA. 6APT is using 1/2 K.W.
7FY, and 7GV. Traffic to the eastern part of the spnrk temporarily.
state is moved through 7ABY. An important mess- Traffic: 6BRA. 168; 6A,TQ, :\2: 6AQD, 102; 6BVZ,
age from a U of O man to his folks in Portland was 2: 6BRO, 1; 6MG, 30; 6PL, 104; 6CLQ, 180; 6AAO,
taken at 71W, relayed to 7CW, foned, and an answer 122; t1,II, 2: 6AFT. 52; 6CMU, 50; 6CMS, 20;
received back in less than 10 minutes. iiRF, 22; 6VC, 15; 6CNL, 67: 6BBW. 102; 6BUR,
Traffic: 7LS, 30; 7TQ, 22; 7FR, 11; 7MF, 10; 28; 6CIX, 8: 6CDY, 3; 6COU, 4: 6AKQ, 3; 6AUR,
7ALD, ,l5; 7AKH, 13; 7AIX, 12; 7KS, 34; 7IW, 49; 10: (lBQS, 12: 6CAE, :l: 6CGW, 50; 6CNH. 15;
7 AV, 81; 7GV, 15; 7CW, 36; 7AIP, 6; 7ZW, 10; 6,1 A, 36 ; 6WT, 8 ; 6ZH, 48 : 6CIA, 16 ; 6A VR-6ZBF,
7AKK, 25: 7FY, 21: 7UT, 9; 7JN, 6; 7PP, 3; 10; 6BNY, 6.
7 ADM, 12; 7DZ, 14 ; 7 KY, 6; 7 ACX, 2; 7GQ, 22.
IDAHO-7OB is about the only station in Southern
Idaho handling traffic. 7OT is the only Boise sta- ROANOKE DIVISION
tion heard these days. 7GW of Pocatello is heard W. T. Gravely, Mgr,
intermittently. 7ACF is doing good work in Buhl.
7QP is a new station in Kellogg, 7LN has had The gang in West Virginia are sti11 suffering from
a lot of QRM on account of graduation from High i.~ffects uf rN~(~nt storm accounting for the lack of
School. 7IU at Blackfot has been reaching out interest. 4SIJ has dalite sked with 4EA and 3BMN
in fine shape. and arranging sked with 4RU. H}A works dalite
ALASKA-The open season is now in full swing sked with 4BX. 4BX also has dalite sked with
in the far north and ham life Is better than ever 8BMN and 4JR. !lBMN maintained his regular skeds
in the history of Alaska. Stations active in traffic with a lone UV-201-A working 600 miles. A maI> for
work are 7MN of Ketchikan, 7AIB of Anchorage Virginia iH being prepered now and will appear later.
out to the westward and 7 AEB still farther west at 3DT will be closed for the summer and We wish
Kukack Bay, Kodiak Island. All of these stations to thank Mr. Henshaw for the good work done in
have been QSO the states many times during the getting this station on the air. We will need more
month.., 7KL is at Yes Bay, He uses spark but men on this station next year. 3CKL is in shape
hasn't been able to work the st.ates yet, He works to handle traffic south. The R.I. paid the State a
other Alaskan stations with ease. 7NO, one of the visit recently and found a considerable improvement
reliable stations in Aberdeen, Wash. has a regular in wave lengths of all stations most of them being
schedule with 7AEB and traffic between Alaska and <~orrect.
the states is handled regularly. 7CF of Tacoma 'Praffic: 3CKL. 35 ; :l BBT, 45 ; 3TI, 21 ; 3CKK, 12;
works 7MN at Ketchikan regularly. 3ATB, 2; :rnMN. 47; 4lsA, 25; 4SU. 53; 4FT, 25;
4BX, 33; 4HW, 12; 8AMD, 9; SBBM. 12: 8AGL, 3;
PACIFIC DIVISION ~ABQ, 6; SCXM, 3; 8CQH, 15; 8AUE, 19.
M. E. McCreery, Mgr.
Strengthening the organization in a few spots ROCKY MOUNTAIN DIVISION
is taking a little time, but there will be no dead N. R. Hood, Mgr.
timber when we get through. Here and there is room
for improvement and as fast as men can be found, 9CAA--C.W.-•-262 Msgs.
they are being put into these !)laces. The Pacific C. R. Stedman. Denver
Division will be a top-notcher before fall or we will COLORADO-The only substantial traffic routes
know why. now open in Colorado are the East-West route throu&"h
QST FOR JULY, 1924 VII
Ilenver, the East-West• route through the southern Northern Texas points, and 5AJT (A.D.M.) is M•
part of the state and the North-South route from operating with him by arranging .schedules for the
if,a Junta up to Denver. Our old reliable atations stations who are going to handle these reports.
<Can be. he.ard on the air regularly, which we are Traffic: 5QL, 67; 5AES, 24; 5LR, 218 ; 5HY, 14;
thankful - for. a.a the emergency routes must be kept 5AJJ, 167; 6UD, 12; 5NW, 218; 5AAO, 25; SANA,
.alive the year around. Honors this month go to 90: 5AMS, 8; 5AMB, 41; 5CV, S; 5QW, 10; 5SD,
1JCAA as noted in the Box Seat. ·
Traffic: 9AMB, 50; 9BUN, 5; 9CAA, 262 ; 9EEA,
40; 9CJY, 192; 9BTO, 56 ; 9DFH, 34 ; 9CHT, 36 ; N
9EAE, 41 ; 9CDE, 24; 9DTE, 152.
UTAH-Traffic in this state is bearing up wonder- w
fully for this time of the year. Several improved
stations have been put back on the air. The A.D.M.
for Utah has been lost track of so will he 1>lease
notify the Utah gang and the D.M. of his where-
abouts.
Traffic: 6RM-GZBS, 143; 6AJ A, 17.
WYOMING-Just about the same routine going
on in this state. I•'ew stations here now but they
a.re good ones and are on the job regularly.
Just as this report goes in the mail the results
of the tests of the Rocky Mountain storm routes
has been roughly outlined. The message left 7ZU
at 11 :00 P.M. June 1st and the answer was received
back at 7ZU in two hours and ten minutes. The
1nessage passed through six stations each way which
is a mighty fine record. The details of the test will
appear later.

WEST GULF DIVISION

NORTHERN
F. M. Corlett, Mgr. TEXAS
Reports from the A.D.M.'s show that 45 relay sta-
tions handled 1.772 messages distributed "" follows: 39; 5AMG, 19; 6ADH, 16; 5AGH, 22; 5QY, 14;
Northern Texas .............. 30 · Stations ............ 1409 msgs. 5ABW, 18; 5PH, 34; 5AFH. 12; 5VU, 28; 5~'0.
Southern Texas .............. 7 .. ...•..•..... 127 " 78; oALJ, 11; 5AJT, 80; 5UO, 75; 5XAJ, 51; 5ALD,
Oklahoma ................•....... 6 ..........- 175 8 ; 5ZH. 4 ; 5D0, 15.
New Mexico .....•.............. 1 Station .....~····· 33 OKLAHOMA-5ZA V will be otl' the air until next
Mexico .............................. 1 ............ 28 school season when he·will locate his set at Norman.
MEXICO-Old reliable "'BX" reports by radio a, Oklahoma. 5ZM is off the air at present building a new
usual sent 16 and received 12. You will find h·m on transmitter and new aerial. 5ANC has cancelled his
155 meters. license and decided to come back on the uir aga.in
NEW MEXIC0-5AMO seems to be holding this under a new call.
state down, handled 33 and will be found on JJ;O Traffic: 5AGZ, 13; 5VM. 50; 5APG. 42; 5GA, 23;
meters. aAHD, .13; 5ANF, 9.
NORTHERN TEXAS-The new O.R.S. certificate:s SOUTHERN TEXAS-Stations have been terribly
for Northern Texas are being issued Hl';. fast as handicapped in this section by QRN. Nearly all
possible. 5AJT, 5UO, 5ZH, 5A.T.T, nHY. ii.IL. and ~tations did some work, however. Of speeial interest
GLR have receivl.>d theirs and many othl'r a:>pli- was the amataur work in connection with the
c-.ations are in. Although QRN is getting fierce. National Balloon Races which started from San An-
traffic is moving smoothly in this se(!tion b> routes tonio. Mr. Wall and his stations are certainly to
shown on the map. be commended for the way they put things over.
5LR was QSO WNP on May 2nd, and exchanged 5VO and 5XAQ are QSO with M-BX and have an
calls with him on May 3rd. Connections were very c·arly morning schedu!e. Austin, Houston and Gal--
poor. however, on account of ·wNP lleiny; W\:~ak and v~~ton arc r~aching out of the division e.a.sily. El
QSS. 5VU and 5LR are beating the Pan-American Paso is practically isolated because the D.S. shut
Tests as both have already been reported in South down temporarily. Westbound traffic is tied up except
America. 5LR exchani,ed calls with CPCP. Dallas when we reach SZA or work via San Angelo. Texas
is open for traffic with 5LR. 5AJJ aud oHY. Fort A. & M. is shut down for the summer and 5XA V is
Worth is reported still on the map by EiAES and leaving Texas U. We are preparing to send out road
OQI. 5SD h; moving traffic south from Waco. The information by amateur radio to assist the thousands
State Highway Department has asked Mr. G. B. of tourists that annually come to rrexas.
Baker (fellow A.R.R.L. man at Austin·) b move Traffic: 5XAQ, :JO; 5GB-5ZAE. 4; 5VO. 11: 5ALR.
important, traffic eoneerninJr ri)ad l~onditkinR to 5; 5XAV. 7: 5VF. 66; 5A'8P, 4.

CAN A DIAN SECTION

A. H. K. Russell, C:rnadian General Manager

Two things of outstanding importance are contained in an article in another part of

to be noted for this month. Firstly. the this issue.
visit of British 2NM to Canada gave us The history of this trip is interesting.
our first chance to converse personally with Last year the Arctic carried a long wave
one whom we have worked over the air. C.W. set for communication with the sta-
Mr. Marcuse has paid a visit to Halifax, tion at Louisburg but difficulty was experi-
Montreal, Winnipeg, and Vancouver at enced practically from the outset in ,,main-
every point of which he has met the bunch taining communication. The Director of
and in doing so has encouraged great Radio in Canada during the early :,;pring
energy for further work on the short waves happened to be in Toronto and discussed
and enthusiasm in the breast of those who radio equipment on the "Bowdoin" sug-
have not yet worked England to work the gesting that possibly the short waves would
cheerful Mr. Marcuse whom they now know be more productive of results than the
personally. long waves. Accordingly the C.G.M. :mg-
Of still more outstanding importance is gested the addition of a short wave set in
the permission from Ottawa to release par- charge of a "ham" operator as a good way
ticulars of the trip of the Canadian Govern- to try this out which suggestion was duly
ment Steamer Arctic and its radio equip- accepted and Bill Choat, :JCO, was sug-
ment for this year. Particulars of this trip gested to Mr. Edwards as a good man for
and the schedules to be maint,ined are the job. Choat was then A.D.M. for Cen-
VIII QST FOR JULY, 1924
tral Ontario in the A.R.R.L. and is very and forth with several Newfoundland Hams and be-
enthusiastic for the short waves. No doubt fore long it is hoped to have at least one station
working the rest of the Maritime Division. Summer
many of you during the past. couple of and dayli~ht saving, are making it hard to keep
months have heard the signals of 3CO up our usual pep in the division but nevertheless
signing off from the test room at Ottawa we still continue to bust records. IAR ha~ broken
forth into prominence hy having had his signals
with a 2-10 cycle l.C.W. set. This set is reported by a ham station in Los Anges. near Val~
the model of the one to be used on the paraiso, Chile, a distance worthwhile. · :lBQ has done
Arctic. The circuit used is a Meissner; in- some i:,plendid work and was within an ace of estab-
lishing another record for the dh,ision, when on May
put will be between one and two kilowatts 22, he heard Argentine amateur CBS calling A.R.R.L.,
so that exceptional u.::.a,.u.ees :,nouHi be but for some reason which he will never be able to
covered. ::ico to date from the Ottawa explain he did not answer the Argentine station on
about 120 meters. Next day to his great surprise
test room has been putting out tremendous the Canadian Press publiRhed the fact that this same
signals, by far the loudest amateur signals CBS had been copying him working U.S.A. stations.
that have ever come into Toronto and his We hand him the "biscuit" or "raspberry" for this
month to keep company with lBV who pulled the
input has only been about 500 watts. same stunt with British 20D some months a~o.
The ship is sailing on or about ,June the However. IBQ has been working Canadian 4th dis-
25th so that he should be out of the Saint trict direct this month just to show us what he
really can do. !BT is suffering from college ·exam
Lawrence River by the end of the month. QRM. lDJ can claim the best D.C. note in the
Any change in schedule or wave length will division. His voice also is QRK in Hartford using
he notified by publication and also by the his Ione 202. lAQ is a newcomer. The star for
the month is lDF who is also another newcomer in
regular broadcast system of the A.R.R.L. Halifax district. He has one 202. and is without
Many amateurs have figurte that if Mix rloubt one of the best overators in the division.
had only been on 100 meter.rys!i stead of 200 1 DD was in Hartford and other points for the best
part of the month, and worked his division from the
he would have had no difficu 1 in communi- U.S.A. on ~very available night. In Cape Breton.
cation. We will now have a opportunity l Al'} has come to life and is QSA in all parts of
of testing whether this is the case. In any the division and has filled a very important traffic
route to Newfoundland. (FB, OM!) SAW in New-
t•vent Mix will at last have an outlet for foundland is getting a set together and should be on
the accumulated traffic of the past few ~non. 9AK is one of the best Maritime stations
months and no doubt Choat will be in touch now. lBZ is back again. lEI has new location
with him by the middle of ,July so that by and has a real good signal on the low waves. lAF
o.f Trans-Atlantic fame has succeeded in getting
the time this issue is in the hands of the JAB on the air. lDN can also be heard doing his
gang relayed traffic from the Bowdoin h~ .
should be pouring in. The two events of the month that caused con-
siderable enthusiasm to be aroused around the div-
Now, fellows, let's go and show the ision are the visit to t.he division of Mr. Gerald Mar-
B.C.L.'s that this is going to be a radio "use, British 2NM. who talked to his brother hams
summer. Hi! in 1<:ngland by radiophone from lBQ and the visit
to the League Headquarters of the D.M., who worked
several of the gang from lXW, lXAM, lXAQ, lXJ.
MARITIME DIVI"TON and lOKP.
W. C. Borrett. Mgr. Summer conditions are coming fast hut the division
hopes to keep its place of prominence by working
Trallic routes within the Maritime Division, ARRL. VDM, th" steamer "Arctic" (on the short waves)
are possible now through the establishment of nn his trip to the far North.
-several new stations in the outlyinig districts during Tralfic: !AR. 28; lBQ, 15; lDT. 2; !DJ. !l; lAQ.
t,he p'lSt month. A map showin1< the routes to be ,l: lDF, 35; lDD, 7; lBZ. 2; 9AK, 18; lEI, 2; lAF. 4.
ONTARIO DIVISION
C. H. Langford, Mgr.
~!ASTERN ONTARIO: Ottawa is a center of
activity with 3CO in the test room, 9CC aa port-
able ftivver radio, and 3AFP on general consitent
,vork. 3HE trying to run a trans-Canada rP.lay all
by himself, 1warly aecom:vHshed it when he gave a
Calgary message to lBQ within 30 minutes.
CJ,;NTRAL ONTARIO: Toronto was honored by
" visit from British 2NM. The gang had the pleasure
of (fnt..ertaining him for a day. rrhe star stations
of the Kitchener-Rt. 'fhomas districts are 3ADU and
!\ACO. The London stations have begun work on
the clean up idea.
WESTERN ONTARIO: 3GN reports that the sta-
t.ion is on the air every day at 12 o'clock for trallic.
;:tAEO is on the air Sunday mornings9 only. HRG.
9B,T and 9AR will be off the air for a short time.
Summer is with us as we know but keep on the
lookout for the good nights and above all don't for-
get Choat as VDM up north.
The most east rly A.R.R.L. District in America, the
0 Trallic: 3WV, 16 ; 3AEC. 54 ; 3BG, 10 ; 3GK, 8 ;
"!\1r ritime Division" of Canada. Maritime Division 3KQ .. 12 ; 30H. 21 ; 3L Y, -14; 3ACU, 10 ; 300, 15 ;
A.R.R.L. includes New Brunswick, Nova Scotia. 3XN. 10; 3ACO, 105: 3QO, 34 ;3XX. 51; 3VH, .J7;
Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland, and Labrador. 3WG, 44; 9BJ, 11; 9AL, 66; 3GN, 2; 9AR. 23;
Time used: Atlantic Standard Time (one hour 9BW, 22; 3XI, 16; !WV, 29; 3KO, 30; ADU. 56;
ahead of Eastern Standard Time.) Only active ;JYH. IS; 3BQ, 42; 3HE, 102.
A.R.R.L. stations shown on map. Traffic for Montreal
or west, best route through ulXAH or clAF. Hali- QUEBEC DIVISTON
fax best for European traffic. All stations please J. V. Argyle, Mgr.
make schedules with nearest traffic points shown on
map. Also work direct, if possible, and shorten de- Otlicial Relay Stations in this Province are 2BG.
lays. Other divisions please study map. 2BE, 2BN and 2CG. Messages for Halifax or
Europe should be routed through these stations ex-
clusively as they are always on the low wave. 2BE
followed is printed herewith, and all stations are re- will always he found on 135 meters and 2CG on 127
quested to make schedules with the nearest stations and they listen on the band 105 ad 150 meters.
to them on the map. The D.M. is pleased to state A reliable schedule with Winnipeg is carried out on
that he has made a trip to Yarmouth, N.S.. and Wednesday and Saturday nights at Midnight E.S.T.
has taken up the matter of estaplishing an ARRL Route western Canada trallic this way.
relay station there with two amateurs and this will
complete the circle. Correspondence is going back (Concluded on page XVI)
QST FOR JULY, 1924 IX
 ~alls Heatc\5=
I

When preparing a list for QST, it is S. K. Lewer, 6LJ,

32 Gascony Ave., West Hampstead, London N.W.6 .•
essential to observe the following rules: England
1. List the calls neatly on a separate (Aprif 13th-May 18th)
sheet of paper with a line of space between (Receiver; Det. & one step A.F.)
laac, laar, labf, labt, !act, lab, laja, lakl, lalk,
lines; do not embody them in a letter. tali, lapr, laqr, lare. larx, lauw, lavf, lawf, lawh,
2. Arrange the calls as they will- ap- lawv, !baa, lbcr, lbep, lbgs, lbgt, lbgq, lbhm, lbjm,
pear in QST: across the page, .numerically lblb, lbne, leap, lcib, lckp, lcdo, lcoe, lcpf, lcsl,
let, ldz, leq, ler, lgv, lil, lqx, Isa, lse, Ium, Ix.a,
by districts, alphabetically in each district, lxap, lxu, Imb, 1ml, 2adk, 2ag, 2ama, 2anu. 2avg,
Canadian and foreign calls listed separ- 2awe, 2az, 2bgo, 2bl, 2buy, 2cjr, 2ck, 2cpf,
2cpx, 2crp, 2crw, 2cw, 2cvj, 2cx, 2cxl. 2cxw.
ately, state whether spark or C.W., and 2cxd, 2dn, 2ei, 2em, 2,:u, 2hk, 2kd, 2ki, 2kr, 2ku,
give period of time covered by the list. 2pv, 2rk, 2rw, 2sw, 2vf, 2ww, 3aqy, Sauv, Shay,
3. Forms close on the fifth of the 3ejn, 8hh, 3me, Sob, 3wa, 3xar, 4an, 4sh, -ixc, 4xf,
8abi, Babs, Salf, 8amr, 8apt, Savi, 8bbf, 8bfe, 8bkd,
month preceding the date of issue of QST. 8cgu, Sek, 8cuu, 8dm, 8dda, 8fc,8ir, 8qa, 8.xs,
Make your lists cover the period from the 8,,a, 9ahz, 9bib, 9dk, 9elb, 9iv.
first of one month to the first of the next. Can.: laq, ldt, lef, 2cg, 2hn, 9ak, 9cf•.
W AB. WNP on 20th and 28th Jan. Hrd 73 U's
if possible, but don't let your list come in and G's on April 18th I
late. My total nw 532 I Pse QSL. All crds answered.
4. List only calls over 500 miles distant.
F. D. Bell, 4AA,
Palmerson South, New Zealand
HEARD DURING MAY During Feb. and Mar. on detector and one step ;
laac, lall, lbsz, lcmp, lcpn, lyb, 2cgb, 2rk, 2bxd,
unless otherwise specified 3ecx, 3hs, 3tf, 4my, 5aj, 5ajb, 6alr, 5alv, 5be. 5hx,
5ht. 5lr, 5nk, 5nw, 5tj, 5vm, 5zav, 6aao, 6agk, 6akz,
L. H. Fitzgibbon Gaol, 6apc, 6aqf, 6arb, 6avj, 6avr, 6awq, Gbh, 6bm,
38 Trewince Rd., Wimbledon, S.W. 20, London, Eng. 6bs, 6bdi, 6bic, 6bid, 6bfb, 6bjj, 6blg, 6bnu, 6bql,
laac, lael, laje, lajw, lalw, 1anr, laur, lavf, 6brf, 6bwp, 6cn, 6cax, 6cay, 6cbg, 6ccy, 6cdg, 6cdn,
lay!, leak, lcmp, liu, lxj, lxu, 2bwb, 2cla, 2cnk, 6ceb, 6cgw, 6cih, 6cka, 6ckr, 6cmr, 6emu, 6cng,
2cpd, 2cxl, Sccu, 3cdn, 3hh. 3me, 3vh. 3w<>. 8do, 8avd. 6eb, 6gt, 6ip, 6pl, 6qj, 6rn, 6ze, 6zt, 7ael, 7bj, 7co,
Can.: lar, lbq, ld.i, ldt, leb, lef. 2cg, :lbj, 3bq, 7fd, 7fq, 7fr, 7gq, 7ih, 71h, 7ob, 7qd, 7so, 7tq, 7vn,
9ak. 7zu, Baa, Bacy, 8apt, 8atl, 8azm, 8bgj, 8bnh, gbyn,
8cvx, 8die, Ses, 8jy, 8kg, 8pl, 8ry, 8vy, 8xbf (115
W. R. Burne, 2KW meters), 8yd, 9aeo, 9afm, 9aim, 9ash, 9atn, 9awf,
Springfield, Thorold Grove, Sale, Cheshire, England 9azg, 9bed, 9bck, 9blt ,9bqj, 9brk, 9bxa, 9caa, 9cdn,
laja, law, lbcf, lcmp, lcpn, lcpv, leb, ler, lsw. 9cdv, 9cgu, 9cjc, 9cjy, 9cly, 9cpo, 9cpz, 9ctv, 9dro,
lxaa, lxah, lxak, lxar, (lxaw). lxj, lxw, 2csl, 2xab, 9eky, 9gz, 9mc, 9zy,
2xar, 3bg, 3idt, 3kq, 3gk, 3mb, 3ot, 3ws, 4io, 4xe, Can.: 3bq (123 meter), 4xe, 5go, 9bp.
4xx, 8YV, NKF. Phillipine: lza, Manila.
Can.: lar, (lbq), ldj, 2bn, (9bl).
Italian: (acd). (ier). (imt).
Danish: (7zm). (7ec). Abbe Le Boy,
Luxembourg: (oaa), Holland: (ony). (oba). Neuvy-en-Beauce. per Janville, Eur et Loir. France
Belgium: (w2), (p2). April: lbvl, ldz, lxah, lxj, lxz, 2adk. 3xar, Can. :
France: 8du, 8aq. Sbm, etc. laf, lbq.
May 10th; 6xa? (probably 6xad) working with
Frederick L. Hogg, 2SH 9bfq between 5 and 6 a.m. GMT. 16th; 8xh, /or
37 Bishop's Rd., Highgate, London, England 8xes) working with 8xa 7). Text of messall'.es gen-
laac, laja, lajp, lavf. laxn, ldz, lxah, (lbcr), erally good, but calls badly sent. So many stations
lxu, lxj, 2cxl, 2cqz. heard are not identified for this reas(Jn. Am listen-
Can.: lar, (lbq), ldd. 2be, 2bn. 2cg, 9ak, 9al. ing from 100 to 125 meters 5 to 6 a.In. GMT. QSL
Hv to QRT till middle ,June. Pse QSL if you've to all cards rec'd.
hrd me. Will do same.
Juan E. Chibas, SGT,
.R. L. Royle, 2W J G. Portuondo baja 12, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba
0
Southyold,, Alderman's Hill. PaJmers Gre-E"n. lcmp, lxak, lxu. 2azy, 2bxd, 2cee, 3:=i.hp, 3c,in,
London, England :lot, 3yo, 3zo, 8xar. 4ch, 4er, 4fs, 4ft, 4i11, 4iz. ,lje,
All received with Dect. l L.F. Jjy, </.iz, 4kk, 4oa 4pb, 4pk, 4pt, 4qf, 4qw, 4qy, 4rr,
(April 20th-May 20th) 4tf. 4ua, 4xe, 4xr, 4xx, 5amh, Scqh, 8-xbp.
laac, laar, labs, lael, lam, 1ka, 1 rb, l sf. Cuban: 2by.
lxah, lxak, lxam, lxaw. lxj, lx\v, lxu, 2adk. 3cdn, WGY, KDKA on 100 meters.
3wg, 3yo, 8pl, wwv. lBGP Tuner & 1 a.f. used.
Can.: lar, lbq, ldd, ldt, lcf, ~,·:, 2be. ~bn, ~cg,
2jd, 9ak. Can. 4EA, Winnipeg-, Man.
f'one: clbq. laac, laur, lbbo, lbsz, 1cib, lckp, lctp, Ifs, lkc,
lsn, lyb, 2azy, 2atf, 2atz, 2agq, 2bqb, 2bxd, 2brb,
P. W. Hi-:gs, 5KO, 2bsc, 2crb, 2cee, 2cxy, 2cla, 2cpd, ~cuz, 2ts, 2rk~
45 Howard Rd .. Westbury Park, Bristol, Eng 2le, 2pd, 2wr, 2gk, 2cpa, 3bdi, :lbva, 8dck, 3hh.
April 18th to May 2nth ~wf. 3aqr, 3ade, 3hs, 3mb, 4rr, ,lbs, 4gs, -lsc. 4gu.
lxah, 2cei, :lxar. (qra ?), 4xe, f:rn. 4ba, 4kl, 4my, 4oa, -log, 4pk, 4io. ,ldv, 4xc, 4ft,
Gan.: leb, lef. 9ak. 4bz, 41l, 5ap, 5or, 5amh, 5ph, 5ql, ,,Ir, 5te, 5qh,
Argentine: f!b8. 5qw, 5anc, 5pg, 5ts, 5aiu, 5zav, 5kc, 5jl, 6huy, 6cka,
Gape, 6ajh, 6arf, 6aao, 6ahp, 6cix. Cagk, Gcnm.
W. G. Dixon, 5MO. 6pl, 6cef, 6bdt, 6cmr, Gcgw, 6rn, 61v, Gbic, 6bcl,
"Dipwood/' Rowlands Gill, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Eng. 6avr, 6ea, 6zt, 6avv, 6alu, 6hra. libeo, 6bik, 6aia,
I.May 1st to 1 !\th) 6apw, 6rs, 6nx. 6bij, 7wa. 7co, 7td, 7ajt, 7vs, 7fd,
lafn, laja, lxw, lxa!l, lxah, lxak, lxbb, lxib, 7fq, 7qu, 7afu, 7agi, 7acz. 7un. 'icw, 7ahv, 7wp.
3idt 7 4ku, 4xx, 8afu. 7adq, 7agv.
Can.: lar, lbq, ldi, leb, 4co. Spark: 8tj, 9cs, 9edh, 9ees.
NKF vy qsa on Reinartz & one step, Can.: lar, 2bn, 2bg, 2cg, 3k7., 3ws, 3xi, :{bg, 3gg,
Pse QSL to 5MO for Ord. 4ab, 4dq, 4gt, 4io, 4eo, 5ef.
X QST FOR JULY, 1924
 Can. SAY, River Jordan, B.C. 5ANF, 202 Cloworth Bldg., Enid, Okla
(40 m. W. of·Race Rocks) (Det. only)
org, 5vo, 6adt, 6age, 6agk, 6akw, 6alw, 6arp, 6asv, lalj, lare, Ibie, lbiz, 2iu, 3bpp, 3nr, 4amu, 4cb.
6atf, 6avj, 6awe., 6bdt, 6beo, 6bjw, 6bou, 6buh, 4dc, 4jr, 4my, 4pb, 4t.n, 5aam, 6abn, Dail. 6amh,
6bur, 6cbb. 6cdg. 6ehe, 6chl, 6cjb. 6clq, 6cqj, 6crr. 5cg, (5uk). 5xbh, 5m, 6aao, 6aur, (6avr), Shau,
6cw, 6hj, 6kw, 6pl, 6rf, 6rm, 6ts, 9cld, 9cju, 9ebt, (6bur), 6chv, 6eb, 6zb, 7co, 7cq, 7zu, (8adg), 8anb,
9ua, ~zt, 7alus, 7gw, 7hm. l'<atc, 8aut, (8bce), 8bch, Scab, 8cci, 8cwk. 8cgj.
Gan.: 4aa, 4ab, 4ic, 4io, 5ch. 8dhs, 8do, 8er, (8fu); 8jt, 8yx, Sze, (Szk), 9abk,
9aby, 9adu, 9aep, 9agl, 9ahj, 9ajg, 9ak, 9ami, 9amp,
lAAP, Westerly, R. I. 9amz, 9aqd, 9ayx, 9azr, 9bdq, 9bfa, 9bib, 9bmd, 9bmu,
(April and May) 9bmx, 9bof, 9bqv, 9bqy, 9hr, 9brb, 9bri, 9bwu, 9bxv,
4af, 4ai, 4do, 4.ld, 4js, 4my, 4oa, 4sh, 5amh, 5ant, (lbxw, 9caj, (9ceb), 9ccd, 9ce, 9cen, 9cfx, 9cgq, 9cir,
5mo, 5ql, 5wi, 5zas, Sak, 8aib, 8aro, 8axf, 8bmb, 9cju, 9clx, 9daj, 9day, 9dbq, 9dcp, 9dcr, 9dkq, 9dmw.
8bmt, 8bsc, 8bsc, 8bsq, 8cgf, Scmu, 8dbm, 8dff, 8fu, 9dp, 9dro, 9usw, 9dwn, 9dww, (9ebt), 9ef, 9efz.
8rj. 8yx, 9aue, 9aza, 9baz, 9bcs, 9bjl, 9bjy, 9bmu. 9egt, 9eiq, 9ejn, 9ejy, 9eli, 9elq, 9elv, (9le), 9no, 9pe,
9brx, 9brz, 9buk, 9bk, 9cip, 9dbj, 9dct, 9dro, 9dsv, 9rc, 9rf, ( 9rx), 9tv.
9dtn. 9dwk, 9em, 9elb, 9eoy? 9tg. Can.: 4er.
CYl, QRA?
lAWE, Providence, R. I.
(5dj). Saam, 6agv, 5air, 5aiy, 5ajt, 5akd, 5ap, 5ANV, 880 Pearce St., Memphis, Tenn.
5cn. 5dw, 5ek, 5in, 5ka, 5kq, 5lr, 5ph, 5qi, 5ue, 5ut. laxn. lxb, lazr, he, 2aoy, 2bab, 3acy, :iatb, 3bnu,
r.vu. 5xau. 5zai, 6adt, 6agk, 6ahp, 6apw, 6bbw, 6bra, 3bof, 3hee. 3buy, 31g, 3tr, 4az, 4dq, 4eq, 4er, 4io.
6brl, 6cdg. (6cgw), 6ea, 6gp, 6gt, 6ih, 6pl, 6rj, 6vd, 4jr, (4id), 4kk, 411, ,!my, ,lrz, 4ru, 4su, 4tj, 5abw,
6zp. 7fq, 7iw, 7to, 9aau, (9aec), (9agl), 9aju, 9aog, 5abi, 5arlv, 5ahp, 5ail, 5ajg, 5ajj, 5akn, 5aU, 5amg,
9aoj, 9aok, 9ars, 9ayd, 9bhn, 9bqy, 9cfi, 9cgs, 9ctr, 5amk, 5zav, Sae, 5ah, 5in, 6jl, 51h, 5lr, 5pk, 6qd, 5ql,
9dfz, (9dga), 9dlz, 9dmj, (9dp}, 9dwk, 19dww), 5rq, 5sd. 5sz, 5to, 5va, 5za, 6aja, 8abx, 8aib, 8anb,
(9dxl), 9eb, 9efu, (9egw), 9eky, 91h, 9ss, 9su, 9zt. 8anf, 8apt, Sate, 8bjy, 8bka, Sbmt, 8bho, 8bpv, 8cei,
Can.: 4cb, 4fn, 4fz. 8cmu, 8cpk, 8cqh, 8cxi, 8daa, 8dae, 8dat, Sdbm, 8deo.
Sdiz, 8dmx, Sat, 8ah, 8do, Ses, 8fm, 8qv, 8km, Suk.
lBIS, 120 Mrytle St., Claremont, N. H. 8wo, 9aaq, 9aaw, 9aik, 9aim, 9ajv, 9app, 9aqn, 9arf,
4nr, 5mi. 8biq, 8bnh, 8buk, 8byb, 8cmh, 8dgo, 8dgr, 9arp, 9att, 9avg, (9axb), 9bay, 9bdb, 9bia, 9bmb.
8die, Sdpo, 8vl, 8xbq, Syn, 9djz, 9dqr, 9kd. 9bof, (9btd), 9cfk, 9cii, 9cmx, 9com, (9col), (9cpz).
Can.: lae, 8gg, 9ak, 9bw. 9cyu, 9cyw, 9day, 9dbq, 9dcz, 9dlb, 9dlw, 9drs.
9dsw, 9dtg, 9eal, 9egy, 9elb, 9eno, 9ab, 9ff, 91n.
2WZ, Brooklyn, N. Y. 9nu, 9ua. 9ur, 9wo.
4dv. (4dy), 4eb, 4iz, 4kt, 4oa, 4qf, 4tj, 5aw, 5air.
6ea, 6gh, lh,p, 6amw, 6apw, 6cgw, 9eg, 9aau, 9baz, 6VD, Anaheim, Calif.
9bmu, 9bna, 9ccw, (9cee), 9cii, 9czm, 9dbj, 9dls, !awe, lka, lxak, 2cdp, 2cee, 2xq, Sadb, 3ahp, 3atb.
(9dww), 9dxl, 9ell. :Jbei, Sein, 3ckj, 3gc, 3hh, 3pz, 3xaq, 8xar, 4dq, 4fs,
Gan.: lar, lbq, ldd, 2az, 2bn, 3bd, 3fc, 3he, 3ly, 4kx. 4my, 4pk, 4ql, 4su, ,lxe, 5aat, 5aaq, 5akd, 5amw,
!lml, 3ms, 3oj, 3wg, (3adn), 4fz. 5dw. 5ez, 5er. fiin. f>iu, 51r, Ona, 5nk. 5pp; 5ps,.
5qi, 5qy, 5rv. 5ua, 5ue, fivm, 5xd, 5xbh, Saih, Saiz,.
3AJG, Powhatan Breeden III, Rapy, 8axf, 8bk, 8bmh, 8brm, 8bnh, 8cei. 8cgi, Scgs.
105 N. Linden St,. Richmond, Va. 8cmy, 8cun, 8cwr, 8dqa, 8do, 8kg, 8rn, 8vt,
(March and April) 8xe, 8yd, 8zc, 8zz. 9aau, 9aaw, 9aee, 9ahz, 9agl,.
4bq, (4by), ,lcp, 4er, 4mb, 4og, (4it), (4ma). (4gw), 9aim, 9amb, 9ap, 9apr, 9awv, 9bal, 9bjk, 9bkf, 9bmu.
(4rf), 5agb, 5air, 5asg, 5ajg, 5am, 5bx, 5cn, 5st. 9bnu, 9brt, 9bun, 9bxm, 9caa,9cdo, 9cdv, 9cen (dalite),
5mi, 5zw, 6aao, 6abk, 6ash, 6ajh, 6akz, 6alk, 6arp, 9ck. 9cjm, 9epz, 9cvo, 9cyw, 9daw, 9ddp, 9djp, 9djz,
6abr, 6bcl, Hcgw, 6cip, 6cjy, 6xad, 6bm, 6ei, 6rn, 9dni, 9doe, 9dqu, 9dte, 9dun,9dvw, 9dwn, 9dwa.
6ut, 7acm, 7adi, 7ajd, 7aps, 7bj. 7co, 7io, 7ob. 7ot, 9dxy, 9dxr. 9eea, 9ego. 9ehq, 9eky, 9elb, 9eli, 9elw,
7sf, 9abf, 9afr, 9agb, 9ajd, 9apd, 9awp, 9aws, (9baz). 9 lz, 9rc, 9xbf.
%dm, (9bgh), 9bis, (9bmu), 9bpt, 9bqy, 9brk, 9bxw, Can.: 3bq, 4cr. 4hh?
9ccj, 9cde, 9cfl, 9cgr, 9cno, 9cow, 9cd, 9cyw, 9dct, KDKA, WGY on 100 meters. Use lmo low loss,
9dry, 9ear, 9eii, 9xrw, 9ck, 9cq, 9df, 9ei, 9ek, 9mn, tuner and 1 stg a.f.
9qw, 9xi, 9yy, 9xaw, 9xax. 9xw, 9zt, 9yau.
LC.W.: 5cn, 5qd, 5aki, 5aep, 7rr, 7el, 9ccs, 9aef. 6AHP, Pomona, Calif.
Can.: 4cl, 4co, 4dq, 4fv, 4hh, 9al, 4cw. lafa, lafi. laur, (lare), (lawe), (lbie), !boa,
(lcmp). (lfs), lii, Ilka), lxah, (2agb), (2atf).
3HS, Washington, D. C. (2afp), 2bcm, (2brb), (2bxd), 2cee, (2cla), (2cqz),
5aaq, 5aas, 5aaw, 5afc, (5agv), 5ahd, 5aiu, i5aiy), 12cve). 2cwj, (2cwo), 2cxl, 2xna, 3abw, (3bva),
5ajb, 15ajq), (5ajt), (5anf), 5aw, 5cn, 5cv, (5dm), :kkj, ;Ji,;w, (3hg), Hme, /:lqv), 3ws, 4cn, 4eq, 4hh.
5dw, (5gg), 5ib, (5jb), 5li, (5mi), 5nt, 5nw,. (5pa). 4kl, (4my), 4pk, 4qf, (4sh), (4xc), (6any), (6ceu),
5ph, (5qd), 5qh, (5rg), (5rv), 5sk, (6ut), (5xau), (7mn), 8abx, (Sada), (8bpa), 8hrc, (8byn),. 8cxi,
~aao, 6abk, 6adt, 6age, 6agk, 6ahp, 6ajf, Gakw, (6alk). 8c:xm, (8cyi). Sp!.
6apc, 6apw, (6aqd), Garb, Haru, liatz. liavr 1 6avv, Can.: (:Jaec), 3ly, Bob, (3pz), (3uj), (4co). (4fz).
6bau, 6bbc, 6bbw, libel, (6bdi), (6bdt), 6hez, 6bh, 14civ), (4cn), 4cb, (4fv), 4oi, 4er. (5as), (5hg),
6bic, 6h.ii, 6bjq, 6.ix, 6bql, 6bqs, 6bra, 6hrf, 6brk,
6bru, 6hui, Hbuo, 6bur, (6cbu), Gccy, (icdk, 6cdn, GBUR, Whittier, Calif.
6cee, 6cef, 6cej, Gcfz. (6cgw), 6cix, 6cdv, 6cmr, 6cng, lare, laur, lbcr, (lbsd), (lcmp), lcpm, lcpn, lka,.
6ea, 6eb, (6gt), 6iv, 6jj, 6jk, 61v, 16nb), 6of, /6qi), (2agb), 2bxn, 2cdp, 2cuz, 2iu, 2kf, 2rk, 3ab, 3abw,.
6tm, Stu, 6wv, 6xbc, 6zah, 6zp, 7abb; 7aci, 7ael, '7afe, 3aec, 3ava, 3bk, (3mo), 3qv, 3ws, 3wx, 4ba, 4bk, 4bx,.
7afn, 7agf, 7aiv, (7akh), 7akk, (7ald), 7bj, 7ey, 7fd, 4eb, ,Ho, .\kl, 4my, 4pk, 4xc, (6ado), 8abm, Babx,
7fq, 7fr, 7fs, 'Igo, 7gq, 7gr, 7ih. 7it, (7iw), (7jn). 8aig, 8apw, 8avx, 8axk, 8bcx, 8bfh, (8bpa), 8bul,
7lu, 7ly, 7ot, (7to), (7wp), 7xaf. 7zu, 9aau. 9abc. 87.xc, Sbzy, 8caa, (8cci), 8cdi, 8cei, 8cgj, 8cgy, 8cko,
!9adg), 9aep, 9afy, 9:tgh, (9ahq), /9ahz). 9aio, (9alc). 8cmy, 8cux, 8cyi, Sdae, 8dat, 8dek, ( 8dgp), 8dhs.
(9amx), 9axs, (9ayJ), (9ayx), 9ba,, (9bed). 9biw, 8djd, 8doe, 8kc, (8xy), 8yv, 8xe.
9biz, 9bkj, 9bko, .9bont (9bpv), (9bre), 9bsi, 9btl, Can.: 4dq. ( 4cb), 4io, 5as. Fone: 5akf.
i9bve), (9bxw), (9caaJ, (9caj), 9ecw, 9cdi, 9cdo, F'oreign: bry '/? qra 7
9cdv, !.9eea), (9cee), 9cgf, 9cgh, 9chc. (9cho). 9cjm.
9ckh, 9cmk, (9ctg), (9cvo). (9cvv). 9dct, 9dcw, 9ddq,
(9dim), 9dln, i9dng), 9doe, (9dsl), 9dvk, 9dwb, 9dxu, 7 AKI{, 592 E. 49th St. North, Portland, Ore.
9dxy, (9ebh), (9egt), 9egu, 9ejy, 9eld, 9eli, 9elj, 9hm, Zbrb, :labs, 4xc, ,Jio, 5mb, 5na, 6aja, 6buh, 6cbu,.
(9kd), 9lz, 9oj, 9rc, 9rj, (9y), (9xbf). 6<!.dg, 6cob. 6crr, 6crs, 6-z.p, 7ahb. 8vn, 8xaq, 9afq,
Can.: lbq, lcp, (2cg), :Jjt, (4bk), (4dq), (4fz), 9amb, 9bly, 9xaw, 9zt.
4hh, i9ak).
English : 2nm, 2od. No lists were received from the eighth district this,
Mexican : bx. month.
4IT, Spartanburg, S. C. 9DNG, Lawrence, Kansas
6cdg, 6ja. 6mi, 6qk, 6,h, 7bpm, 7fo, Pse QSL card. laac, lafa, lame, !are, lary, laur, (lbdx), lbie,
lcmp, lcpn, lka, lkr, lpl, (lwr), 2blm, 2rk. 2cee,
5AFF, Chattanooga, Tenn. 2cxw, 2cdp, (3gc), Sein, 3buy, (Sapv), 3ccx, 3cr.
laac, lace. lall, lcpn, lxak. lxap, lxar. 2be, 2cx. :!hs, 3bal, 3ckl, 8auv, 3tj, 3hh, 4kl, 4fj, 4xe, 4bk,
2el, 2ju, 2kxt 2amb, 2asm :i<'..c. 3hh, 3ly, ~iauv, 3azy, (4dv), <lfg, 4ti, 4rr, 4iz, 4tf, (6buh), (6bur), 6bdt,
3cez, 3bqp, 4cp, ,!mi, 4qf, 4sh, 4tf, 4xc, 4xw, 5cu, 6gt, 6cgw, (6amw), 6is, 6or, 6apw, 6anp, 6nx, 6bel.
5ka, f.lr, 5sg, 5aac, 5xac, 5zas, Glv, 601, Gux, 6ape, 7qc, (7ry), i7zu). 7lu, 7to, 7h£, 7agi, 7co. (8cbx),.
6bur, 6cmr, !icnm. 7co, 7du, 7fq, 7to, 7zu, 7ald, (8ddt), (8dnf). (Bani). (8dep). (8vy), (8dcj),
7ayd, 8we. 8bkh, 8bmd. Rdil, 8djj, 8xdh, 8zcd, 9bk,
9es, 9wu, 9aaw, 9aii, 9cei, 9cic, 9dyy. (Concluded on vage XVI)
QST FOR JULY, 1924 xr
 &di.a Commnnications
liY
• ~ .k!~t~~s
for
·
statements macfe herein by correspondents

Watch Your License me for some time. While I delivered every

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE message that I received, and QSRd as many
BUREAU OF NAVIGATION as I could, still I often wondered if they
WASHINGTON were worth while. What did they mean,
May 1, 1924. and did they have any value, intrinsic or
American Radio Relay League, otherwise? I have no doubt whatever that
Hartford, Conn. valuable messages could be and are handled,
Sirs: but from my observation 99% of the mess-
The Bureau has received a large number ages I hear seem to have very little inter-
of reports of amateurs operating on wave est or value to them. At the end of the
lengths below 150 meters in violation of the month we have a nice little total of mess-
terms of their licenses. ages handled. Just what good have they
In some of these cr.ses the amateurs have done? Personally I like to judge the re-
admitted doing so and gave as their ex- sults by new stations worked, and new dis-
cuses that they had received information tances covered.
that there was no objection to their using But far more valuable to me have been
any wave length they desired below 200 certain conversa,tions. While at 9BJ, I was
meters. This is an erroneous impression the first Toronto station ever to work c3GG.
and sho,uld be corrected. After taking some messages from him, we
In some cases it appears that the amateur engaged in a real chat. For one hour and
reported did not violate the terms of his fifteen minutes we talked as though we had
license but was received on his first har- known each other for years. Letters re-
monic. This condition is not confined as Sttlted and more long chats. I worked him
you know to amateur stations only but the three times, running up a total of over five
amateurs should make every reasonable hours. In this working time many stations
eff.o,rt to eliminate such harmonics. could be worked or many messages handled.
The Bureau is satisfied that a very small However, these chats established a friend-
percentage of the amateurs knowingly ship. Is that worth while? Before very
violate the law but where they are found to long I am going up to see 3GG, and camp
be doing so and are notified of this fact there for the whole summer. Could hand-
and the violation is repeated, it is neces- ling any number of messages have pro-
sary that they be restrained through a duced the same results? A thousand times
.suspension of their license in order to not NO!
In addition to this chat, I have often h<td
-0nly carry out the intent of the law but short parlies with DX stations. When lMO
to protect the law abiding amateurs. worked f8AB, suppose Deloy had said "QRU
Respectfully, CUL 73" as do most stat·ons we ·work,
D. B. Carson, Commissioner. would either of these two operators had
the same feeling of satisfact:on ,w p 1 e'.ls-
R OK Tnx Vy OMs ure as they did after their "Ghat"? True,
EXECUTIVE RADIO COUNCIL, they would have covered the same mileage,
SECOND DISTRTCT, INC. but how about the friendly spirit'? Which
120 LlBERTY ST.
NEW YORK CITY counts most: messages handled or friend-
May 14, 1924. liness'?
American Radio Relay League, ...-Gordon E. Pipe
Hartford, Conn.
Gentlemen: Something to Think About
In accordance with a vote taken at a regu- Lenox, Mass.
1ar Council Meeting held April 29, 1924, Editor, QST:
'The Executive Radio Council, 2nd District, In a well organized and interesting life,
Inc., approved and endorsed the ideals and a man has his business in which he is
;standards of the American Radio Relay thrown with other business men, and his
League. recreation in which he relaxes from the
(signed) W. ,J. Howell, routine of his work and enjoys himself with
Pre.~ident. congenial acquaintances. In business a
man likes others who have a system and or-
ganization in their work which brings re-
Do We Need A Business? sults and keeps things in readiness to do
1049 Dufferin St., big things when opportunity offers. Out-
Toronto, Ontario, Canada. side of business hours, a man chooses for
Editor, QST: his friends those who share his interests
In the last QST, I observe this question and are pleasant to talk to. If he sticks
-a_sked, one that I have asked myself many always to business he becomes narrow and
times. It has been a matter of question to uninteresting. The condition of things on
XH QST FOR JULY, 1924
the air in amateur radio is somewhat ana- and most important is that it lessens the
logous to this. respect of the community for the A.R.R.L.
°In the past few years, the A.R.R.L. has service; and that's saying a whole lot. We
had a job to do in the way of organizing can talk to an outsider about the number of
a dependable relay system. This has been messages handled per month and show him
done, and we have a system which is always the lists in QST but one message from him,
ready to do business, and organize promptly delivered to a friend of his, even only a
when sudden opportunities such as long hundred miles away, is of more value than
distance tests and storm relief work come a hundred "pad" messages. The second
up. The experimenter is the technical ad- effect is that of loading the air with QRM.
viser and efficiency expert, and the O.R.S. It is questionable if the activities of the
is the business man. CQ hounds will ever be surpressed to a
The trouble is that the business man has much greater extent than at present, in
only one side to him. When business is view of the persistent efforts of QST in the
dull, the general trend of conversation is, past to do so, but if the "no-account" mess-
"ge om nil hr if QRU cu agn 73 gn,'' and ages were eliminated there would be more
that's all. It is a pleasure to hear a per- room for "our business," whatever it is.
fect t"elay machine working on the air, but We believe that it is generally admitted
when there is nothing to relay, the station that the privileges of the amateur are his
and the operator are nonentities. What we because of the A.R.R.L. At any rate it is
need is the pleasant acquaintance for the a fact. The eontinued enjoyment of these
hours of relaxation. The man with whom privileges and the meriting of others is to
we can have a pleasant conversation about a great extent dependent upon our ability
nothing of any great import. The man we and willingness to be of a greater service
get to know on the air and like for his to those outside the A.R.R.L. We are speak-
personality as well as his efficie!]-CY. S9me ing now from the standpoint of the ordin-
operators are nothing but machmes, so let ary station.
them remain the O.R.S.'s, but let's have Let us consider one or two things. First
something similar to an O.R.C.-Official suppose we change the form of the O.R S.
Rag Chewer. 'fhe greatest compliment a report. Instead of blanks for messages re-
man could be paid would be to have him a ceived and sent, let us count only messages
member of good standing in both. A man delivered, by mail, by fone, or in person.
who is efficient in business and pleasant to Now say that we assign a numerical value
talk to in recreation. Can you call your to messages delivered by mail (1) fone (2)
apparatus, on which you have spent many and in person (3) either by radio to the
hours of hard and interesting work and addressee or actually in person, and give
concentrated your greatest efforts, a the station credit on that basis, laying
machine? To the real ham, his apparatus stress on the messages actually delivered.
----his tubes, his antenna, his tone, all have Note that omission of credit is made on
personality, but to someone else who hears messages relayed between stations. This
QRU hr cu agn 73" there is no element of is as it should be. We know that a great
this. Make others feel your personality many messages are given to any station
and the personality of your set as you feel it that will take them, in order to clear the
when you hear your tone or see your am- hook, inasmuch as the credit is the same as
meter go up. Goodfellowship is what the though the traffic were well routed.
League needs--not only in Conventions, but Then let each station try to arrange two
in every dot and dash on the air. or three definite points of contact in each
--Harris Fahnestock, direction and solicit traffic frQm persons
lBBO-lXAS. outside the A.R.R.L. We realize that this
is easily said. Would it be done? It is
Our Business questionable. But if a few good forcible
209 3rd Street, expressions of opinion in QST were printed
Oakmont, Pa. it would not be ignored.
Editor, QST: One thing more; when one looks at a
The reference, in the March issue of QST, map in a station, with the pins all over it,
to the diminishing rate of message traffic and considers that this is a picture of the
and the editorial comments thereon will no effect produced by that one station, and
doubt arouse the serious consideration of then when we consider the thousands of sta-
the more thoughtful relay men. According tions all over the country one wonders
to our way of thinking the "bright side" as whether we really are as much an organized
referred to, is the side upon which stress force as we should be. Our signals inter-
should be laid. For sometime past we have lace many times over until each night our
looked with disfavor upon the League policy signals blanket the country more completely
of giving credit to stations according to the than any other kind of communication. And
number ·of messages handled. We believe yet on a certain night the attention of 8ZZ
this to be entirely wrong. could not be attracted for an important
Anyone who knows, and is inclined to be message to WNP. What is lacking? We
honest about it, will admit that a very large believe we need a call; some signal that
majority of the messages which go to swell would instantly compel the attention of all
the message total of those stations special- amateurs hear it-a ham SOS, to be used
izing in breaking traffic records, are of prac- sparingly and with reverence. Honorable
tically no i.mportance, being in most cases mention in ()ST and ham fame for those
improvised for the very purpose of increas- using it wisely, upon proper occasion; ostra-
ing the message total. cism, and the contempt of decent hams, for
This has two very bad effects. The first those attempting to attract attention to
QST FOR JULY, 1924 XIII
themselves by its use when not justified. burgh. Radio BFM advised Radio 8XY that
If this would work out, consider the power 8XAP was attempting to get in touch with
of amateur radio. What a wonderful thing him, but that his signals were weak. Radio
it would be if we hams would all respect 8FM also advised that he would stand by
that call as the ships at sea do the SOS. and relay between 8XAP and 8XY if necess-
Is it impossible? Can we not, through the ary, and also that he would relay by tele-
influence of QST, and backed by the best phone any messages we had for our Char-
stations everywhere, establish a practice leroi Substation (a key point of our dis-
based upon this plan ? patching and transmission system). This
"Our Business" then should be: a small program was carried out in detail for sever-
amount of traffic for each station, with the al hours, when BXAP and 8XY were able
messages delivered; such traffic as we can to get in direct communication; however,
handle for public utilities during storms, 8FM continued to take messages to be
etc.; same rag-chewing after the hook is delivered to Charleroi Substation. This
clear; tests for DX in the wee small hours; program was carried on until late the night
and at all times the possibility of hearing of the 20th.
that greatest of amateur calls, our own On the morning of the 21st communica-
SOS, originating somewhere in the nation's tion by wire was still totally interrupted
great nerve system, Amateur Radio, and and 8XY again tried communication with
shooting instantly to the vital parts of 8XAP. Although BXAP answered, their
America, yes, even of the world. signals were M weak that the results were
---A. W. McAuly, SCEO. unsatisfactory. Attempts were made to get
Wm. H. Keister, SAGQ. in touch with 8FM but he remained silent.
He, however, reported by telephone that he
Amateurs Assist Power Com::,any was without power. BXY, however, heard
14 Wood Street, Mr. R. M. Brown, Radio BCTP, Monessen,
Pittsburgh, Pa. Pa., communicating with 8XAP. On our
American Radio Relay League, request he relayed between 8XAP and 8XY
Hartford, Connecticut. until satisfactory communication was estab-
Gentlemen:- lished between these two stations.
Att'n Mr. H. P. Maxim, President. The value of the service rendered by these
l wish to bring to your attention the ex- men, Mr. C. M. Chorpenning (Radio 8WR),
cellent service rendered the West Penn Mr. C. L. Gusweiler (Radio 8FM) and Mr.
Power Company, and incidentally thousands R. M. Brown (Radio BCTP) cannot be cal-
of our consumers, by radio amateurs during culated. It was through their aid that the
and after what was the most severe sleet dispatchers at Pittsburgh were kept in
and wind storm experienced in this section touch with conditions; materials were or-
of the country. dered for repairs and switching orders were
Sleet began to fall over Western Penn- transmitted without a single error.
sylvania the morning of February 19th and I wish to congratulate you on being the
did not cease until the morning of Febru- guiding hand of an organization of men of
ary 20th. During the afternoon and eve- this caliber, who without thought of self-
ning of the 19th we began to lose power gain have, not only in this emergency but
and telephone lines, one at a time, until in many others, been of such inestimable
Westmoreland and Fayette Counties were value.
isolated from the rest of the System, re- Yours very truly,
sulting in a total interruption to service; J. S .•Tenks,
light, power and electric railway. At the Vice President,
same time all other communication systems West Penn Power Company.
were completely interrupted in that section.
On the morning of the 20th Mr. C. M.
Chorpenning (Radio BWR) appeared at our Measuring Your A.C. Input
Connellsville office, advising that altho his 1018 W. 5th Street,
station was out of operation he desired to Dubuque, Iowa.
help to establish communication with our Editor, QST:
headquarters at Pittsburgh. He was ad- With a view to determining the watt-in-
vised that the antenna at 8XAP, our own put to any AC-operated device, the dope
station at Connellsville, was down, and since herewith, while not new is unknown to a
the town circuits were also down no power great many. With every watt-hour meter
was available for motor-generator opera- such as is installed in homes there is a
tion. metering constant which is marked either
Since our operator had left Connellsville on the meter disc or on a slip of paper in
on other duties, Mr. Chorpenning advised the terminal box. This constant is a num-
that if agreeable to us he would get BXAP ber or fraction and means that for each
onto the air. He accordingly gathered to- revolution of the disc that many watt-hours,
gether all available storage batteries, (about or that part of a watt-hour has passed thru
200 volts in all), strung up a temporary the meter.
antenna and put the set in operation. Due, To get the input to a transformer C.W.
however, to limited power available, he re- set or motor, make sure there is no load
placed the 5-watt transmitter tubes with on the meter and then count the number of
201-A receiving tubes, using an input of 21 turns by the meter disc in a certain length
watts; he could not get Radio 8XY our sta- of time. This time should be checked as
tion in Pittsburgh but was picked up by closely as possible. Then, with these figures
Mr. C. L. Gusweiler (Radio BFM) at Roscoe, to complete the following formula, the input
Pa., about one-half the distance to PiJh- is determined.
XIV QST FOR JULY, 1924
 3600 x meter constant x revolutions Another valuable feature of the coupled
Watts circuit is that for local fone work, the
time in seconds radiation can be decreased to a point where
it is powerful enough to understand but not
For example, the input of a C.W. trans- liable to create interference on single cir-
former is to be measured with a meter the cuit broadcast receivers, by simply tuning
constant of which is 0.6. Connect the trans- the antenna to another wave than that to
former to the line with its regular load on which the primary is tuned. I might re-
the secondary and, making sure there is no mark that I had difficulty in using grid
other load in the house, count the revolu- modulation with the coupled circuit, on
tions of the disc for five or ten minutes. account of the fact that this system works
If the disc has made 100 revolutions in ten best when there is a certain amount of re-
minutes and 3 seconds the formula is: sista!),Ce in the oscillator~ circ~it, normally
3600 X .6 X 100 provided by the antenna m a direct coupled
:358 watts set, and found that the best thing to do is
603 first to adjust the grid condenser· to as low
a capacity as the tube will oscillate and
If the meter constant is not marked on modulate, and then carefully re.adjust the
the meter it can be obtained from the local primary variable condenser a few· degrees
utilities company, giving them the number either way, when a point will be found
and type of the meter. where modulation increases greatly.
---C. M. Smith, 9DYB. ---H. S. Gowan, C3DS-C9BC.
(The meter cnn:shrnt can also be found
quite easily by burning, say, n single 40- Autobiography Of A Message
watt lamp as the meter load, and counting Ada, Oklahoma.
the number of revolutions per minute of the Most Esteemed Eddy, QST:
meter disc. This figure, multiplied by· 60 Give ear, 0 mighty OM, to the tale of my
and 'divided by 40, if a 40-watt lamp is travels in the Hamdorn of U.S.A. Minerva-
used in the test, will give the meter con- like, I sprang from the brain of a mighty
stant. The meter disc referred to is the one. He was an American man. This Arn,
large metal wheel inside and which can be my father, was a man of some penetration,
viewed through the glass window of the despite the fact that he was a member of
c.ase.-pept. Ed.) the caste of the BCL.
The great Am had been attuned to the
Some Hints on Couoled C.W. Sets Infinite Nighthawk, when his neighbor,
120 W. King Street, Ham, poured upon his antenna wild waves
Kitchener, Ont. which strangled the Infinite Nighthawk.
Editor, QST: Now; Ham had faults, despite the fact
I was re'.tding 9ZG's article in the April that he belonged to the royal caste of the
issue about coupled C.W. circuits, and noted Boiled Owls; and when Arn protested, Ham
his observation that it is possible to tune saw fit only to remark that a Msg was a
the primary in such a way, with the key Msg, and it was long p.:ist the witching
down, that one gets more antenna current hour of Ten-thirty.
than can be "picked up" when the key is Then, 0 mighty OM, the great Am
operated. stroked his chin twice, winked thrice, and
I have done considerable experimenting · set me upon a card. Another card he ad-
with a coupled Hartley circuit here, and dressed to the same destination and handed
have found that a more satisfactory way of to the careful and efficient USM. Me he
obviating this difficulty than keeping the gave to Ham's noble brother.
antenna slightly off tune is to loosen be- I cannot adequately narrate to you. 0
tween primary and secondary coils until worshipful OM, my travels thereafter. At
the phenomenon disappears. On my trans- times I shot hither and yon with breathless
mitter I use a two-turn coupling coil about speed. Irreverent brethren of the noble
an inch farther down the tube than the Ham marred my countenance or sent me
Ja,=t effective turn on the plate end of the stumbling aimlessly backward. Once I lay
primary inductance, and a separate loading impaled with others of my tribe for an ex-
coil in the antenna. cruciating forty-eight hours. At last, on a
With a coupled circuit, dropping to a festive night in the s1mson of DX, I reached
low wave is extremely simple, it being the town of my destination. The next
merely necessary to insert a series conden- morning I lay on the desk of the brother of
ser in the antenna-it may be in either the AM, for whom I was Rent.
antenna or counterpoise lead-and cut out From a drawer in his desk he drew a
the loading coil. familiar-looking card; and then I remem-
In some· cases the use of a coupled cir- bered the ancient story of the hare and the
•cuit reduces the antenna current, but it tortoise!
always reduce the plate current to a much I pray, 0 beneficent OM, that the Wouff
more than proportionate degree, thereby Hong be not idle, nor the hand of judgment
making it possible to load the tubes, and slow. Else will not Am chastise the noble
incidentally mkaing a pure DC note easily Ham for the deeds of his brothers, and will
obtainable. There is no nodal point to not the air be taken from Ham, so that he
worry about with loose coupling; that is, will suffocate? For Am is mighty. And
there is a nodal point, but no filament clip the caste of BCL is more numerous that the
•on the antenna inductance to try and bal- caste of the Boiled Owl. Selah.
ance the point on. -··-.J. 0. Wood of 5AGA.
QST FOR JULY, 1924 xv
 Memories 8b'.r, 8bmb, 8bmz, Sbwk, 8bze, 8bzt, 8cbc, 8cbf, 8chp,
8cci. !lcea, 8chb, Sena. 8cpk, Scux, 8cvg, 8cwg, 8czz,
705 Monnett Ave., Sdat, 8dbn, 8dbu, Sdbq, 8dcw, 8dcz, Sded, 8dfd, !ldge,
Norman, Okla. 8dgj, Sdha, 8dhn, Sdhq, 8dhw, Sdil, Sdj, 8dkm, Sdo,
8dp, 8ei, Ser, 8fm, Shy, Sjj, 8kc. 8nz, Sp!, 8rm, 8ru,
Editor, QST: 8tj, Suq, 8vk, 8vy, 8yd, Sze, 9cld, 9oq, 9eea.
I have watched with conflicting emotions
the "Communications" section of QST.
There has been a great deal of condemna- QUEBEC DIVISION
tion of the old spark transmitter, but
every now and then some one rises to de- (Concluded from page IX)
fend it. The "good old spark days" they Careful watch for Europeans is exercised on waves
say. Mr. Hutchins in his letter in the 105 and 150 from 9 :30 E.S.T. to 10 :30 P.M. E.S.T.
2AZ is to he congratulated on being the first Cana-
June issue looks back on the old days and dian "2" station to work Saskatchewan.
sees everything with its rosy color- Everyone is urgently requested to try their utmost
caused by tradition. I agree with him to keep touch with Bill Choat on VDM, SS "Arctic,"
Canada Exploration steamer which is enroute to a
perfectly,-as far as he went. It seems point north of WNP. All work is to be on 120
to me that I can remember time and again meters from VDM.
when I had to haul out the greasy old con- WINNIPEG DIVISION
denser plates and tear through them to J. E. Brickett, Mgr.
find the one that no longer was able to hold (by wire)
its own. And fuses had an awful bad Practically all stations are busy rigging their St!'br
habit of blowing out just when power was to work VDM, the Arctic. The gang welcomes the-
most badly needed. And again there would return of 4DY, one of our best stations. A success--
be a surge; the high voltage would get ful Trans-Canadian Relay was pulled by 1 BQ-4CR-
6BF, which was quite some stunt.
mixed with the 110, and I would have to Saskatchewan boasts two new stations on the air..
rewind the old Clapp-Eastham. And then -IGH has changed from spark to C.W. ·
the rotary points would burn off, and the QRN has played an important part in breaking
up our regular traffic routes and has caused a slump.
insulators,--the best there were· in those in our regular consistent relaying of traffic.
days,-would give up the ghost. The Practically every station in this division will main-.
QRM at times was simply fierce. One tain regular summer operation, especially on short
waves. A concerted effort is being made to QSO-
thousand miles on a so-called one kilowatt WNP.
set was vy fb.
There were others who had more trouble VANCOUVER DIVISION
A. J. Ober, Ma-r.
than I. Old 5FO, Who was the mighty
power around there in those days, had to ALBERTA: Traffic is moving east regularly on
short waves. 4CW reports good DX on short waves.
have separate power transformers installed. 4DQ works all U.S. districts and hJ.s a schedule with
He fought the neighbors over the blinking 4FZ. Traffic slides easy on this route. 'rhe western
lights and the telephone company was for-
ever receiving complaints. The light bill,
too, was something to think about.
After all, as I see it now, the only differ-
ence between those days and these is that
there are now more of us and we have to
share the air with the BCL's. And it isn't
bad. Look what we can do now .. We all
get heard in N:ew Zealand, South America,
Europe, and most everywhere else. And
the meter doesn't turn half as fast as it
used to, nor d-o the neighbors howl about
the lights blinking, nor do the condensers
blow with half the rapidity they used to,-
although five-watters blow often enough.
In five years some of us will be lookng
back upon these very days we are now
going through and thinking about~ the
"good old days." History is easier to
consider than the solid, hard facts of the
present. •
They may have been the "good old spark 4DQ-5CT route is hard to keep going. 5CT is having·
meter trouble but we hope to keep this route open all
days" but these will be the "better old summer. 4AB, tho not on regularly, works out in
CW days." fine shape.
--William G. Green, "ev" of 5VM. EDMONTON: No active stations since 4CL left.
How about a little life from 4AH? 4JF is on the
air now but does no consistent work. 4AH finds it
hard to raise anyone.
CALLS HEARD Traffic: 4CW, 5; 4JF, 2; 4DQ, 86.
(Concluded from page XI) VANCOUVER ISLAND: 5HK, a new O.lt.S. in
Victoria. rel)orts rebuilt transmitter which comes in
Can.: Jbq. lar, (2bn). 311:1:. 31«1, :Jmc. :Joh, :lyl. better at 5CT. 5GK in Victoria is on the air again
(4aw). (cb), (4hh.), (4io), 4fz, 9bx. with 5DX's oh! half K.W. SPARK hut Gawdnose how
long they will let bim live with that. 5A Y at River
R. L. Willits, 716 Oak Park Ave., Des Moines, Iowa .Jordon is on with, low power tube set but not much
laqm, 2wz, 3sp, 4cb, 4cn, 4eq, 4ik, 4io, 4ky, 4qw, DX yet, and trying sc,hedule for tests with SCT.
4rr, 5ae, 5aek, 5ah, 5air, 5aj, 5aki. 5ak, 5al, 5cg, Traffic: 5HK, 9 ; 5CT, 21.
!',ei, 5ci, 5ck, 5<'k, 5es, 5fv, 5gj, 5ht, 5ia, 5iu, 5ka, VANCOUVER CITY; What's wrong with this
51h, 5lr, 51v, 5mb, 5qh, 5qm, 5rg, 5rq 1 5sg, 5va, district? No reports from D.S. Now gang, I know
5vm, 5zas? 5zf qra ·? 6ox, 6cgi, 7zu. 8abm, 8add, there is a lot of activity and am only too glad to
~•<lm, 8aey. 8af. 8aim, Rajn, 8anb, 8aq, 8aqo, 8aro, mention it here, but who knows what it is? 5AK
8atc, 8avx. ~bad. 8hb, 8bhf, xbci, Rbfr, ~bgj, 8biq, u nd 5GF plenRe drop a line to D.M.
XVI QST FOR JULY, 1924.