AP10005 - Physics I AP10008 - University Physics I: Angular Momentum

AP10005 –Physics I
AP10008 – University Physics I
Chapter 11
Angular Momentum
*These materials are copyrighted to Cengage Learning and are restricted to personal use only
Intended Learning Outcomes
• To apply the concept of angular momentum in isolated and non-isolated

systems
2 Intended Learning Outcomes

Newton’s second law in terms of angular momentum 
 dL
Consider a force is applied on a particle of mass m   
F dt
located at the vector position for rotational motion (The
force actually provides a torque on the mass for the

rotation).     dp
  r F  r 
dt
 
dr
Adding a term dt  p  0 to the above equation,
  
  dp dr  d   dL
  r    p  r  p  
  dt dt dt dt
where L  r  p is defined as the angular momentum.
The SI units of angular momentum are (kg.m2)/ s.

L  L  rp sin 
Both the magnitude and direction of the angular
momentum depend on the choice of origin.
3 Section 11.2
  
The vector L  r  p is pointed out of
the diagram.
The magnitude is L = rp sin 90o = mvr
 sin 90o is used since v is
perpendicular to r.
A particle in uniform circular motion has
a constant angular momentum about an
axis through the center of its path.
4 Section 11.2
1. Using the torque-angular momentum approach:
dL
 ext 
dt
d v
m1 gR   m1vR  m2vR  MR2 
dt  R
m1 gR  m1  m2  M R
dv
dt
m1 g
a
m1  m2  M 
5 Section 11.2
2. Using the torque-angular acceleration approach:
For m1: For pulley: For m2: T2 T2
m1 g  T1  m1a 
T1R  T2 R  MR2   T2  m2 a
 
T1
m1 g  m1a R  m2aR  MR a 2
R T1
m1 g
a
m1  m2  M 
m1 g
6 Section 11.2
Angular Momentum of a Rotating Rigid Object
Consider an rigid object rotating

 along
an axis with angular velocity  .
To calculate the angular momentum of
the rigid object, we divide it into many
small particles.
The angular momentum of an individual
particle is
Li  ri pi  ri mi vi  ri mi rii  mi ri 2

Li and  are directed along the z axis.
The total angular momentum of the
rigid object is then:
 2
Lz   Li   mi ri     mi ri   I
2
i i  i 
7 Section 11.3
Estimate the magnitude of the angular
momentum of a bowling ball with mass of
7.0 kg and a radius of 12 cm which is
spinning at 10 rev/s as shown.
8 Section 11.3
Conservation of Angular Momentum
 
dp
Similar to the linear case with Fext  dt , we have conservation of linear

p
momentum ( ) when there is no net force acting on the system.
dL 
In angular case with  ext  , we have conservation of angular momentum ( L )
dt
when there is no net torque acting on the system.

L is conserved if there is no net torque acting on the system.
9 Section 11.4
Conservation of Angular Momentum, cont
If the system is deformable such that the mass of the isolated system undergoes
redistribution, the moment of inertia changes.
 The conservation of angular momentum requires a compensating change in
the angular velocity.
 Ii i = If f = constant
 This holds for rotation about a fixed axis and for rotation about an axis through the
center of mass of a moving system.
 The net torque must be zero in any case.
10 Section 11.4
Conservation Law Summary
For an isolated system -

(1) Conservation of Energy:
 Ei = Ef
 If there is no energy transfers across the system boundary
(2) Conservation of Linear Momentum:

 pi  pf
 If the net external force on the system is zero
(3) Conservation of Angular Momentum:
 L i  Lf
 If the net external torque on the system is zero
11 Section 11.4
12 Section 11.4
Conservation of linear momentum:
Conservation of angular momentum:
Conservation of energy:
13 Section 11.4
14 Section 11.4
15 Section 11.4
16
Summary
17 Summary
Summary
18 Summary

AP10005 - Physics I AP10008 - University Physics I: Angular Momentum

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

AP10005 - Physics I AP10008 - University Physics I: Angular Momentum

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

AP10005 - Physics I AP10008 - University Physics I: Angular Momentum

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

AP10005 –Physics I

AP10008 – University Physics I

• To apply the concept of angular momentum in isolated and non-isolated

2 Intended Learning Outcomes

Consider an rigid object rotating

For an isolated system -

(2) Conservation of Linear Momentum:

Conservation of angular momentum:

You might also like

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.