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    115 Intermolecular Force Worksheet Key

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    ada wang
    This document discusses intermolecular forces and how they affect properties like boiling point and vapor pressure. It identifies the strongest intermolecular force in various substances such as H2O, CH2Cl2, and SO3. It then explains how the strength of intermolecular forces determines the boiling point order of substances like ethanol, dimethyl ether, and propane. Finally, it predicts which of two substances will have the higher vapor pressure based on whether the substances are polar and can form stronger intermolecular bonds like hydrogen bonds.

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    115 Intermolecular Force Worksheet Key

    Uploaded by

    ada wang
    302 views2 pages
    This document discusses intermolecular forces and how they affect properties like boiling point and vapor pressure. It identifies the strongest intermolecular force in various substances such as H2O, CH2Cl2, and SO3. It then explains how the strength of intermolecular forces determines the boiling point order of substances like ethanol, dimethyl ether, and propane. Finally, it predicts which of two substances will have the higher vapor pressure based on whether the substances are polar and can form stronger intermolecular bonds like hydrogen bonds.

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    This document discusses intermolecular forces and how they affect properties like boiling point and vapor pressure. It identifies the strongest intermolecular force in various substances such as H2O, CH2Cl2, and SO3. It then explains how the strength of intermolecular forces determines the boiling point order of substances like ethanol, dimethyl ether, and propane. Finally, it predicts which of two substances will have the higher vapor pressure based on whether the substances are polar and can form stronger intermolecular bonds like hydrogen bonds.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    302 views2 pages

    115 Intermolecular Force Worksheet Key

    Uploaded by

    ada wang
    This document discusses intermolecular forces and how they affect properties like boiling point and vapor pressure. It identifies the strongest intermolecular force in various substances such as H2O, CH2Cl2, and SO3. It then explains how the strength of intermolecular forces determines the boiling point order of substances like ethanol, dimethyl ether, and propane. Finally, it predicts which of two substances will have the higher vapor pressure based on whether the substances are polar and can form stronger intermolecular bonds like hydrogen bonds.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
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    Intermolecular Force Worksheet Key

    1. Identify the strongest intermolecular force present in pure samples of the following substances:

    SO2                                              H2O                                                    CH2Cl2

    dipole-dipole forces                   hydrogen bonds                                  dipole-dipole forces

    SCO                                            PCl3                                                     SO3

    dipole-dipole forces                   dipole-dipole forces                            London dispersion forces

    2. Identify the strongest intermolecular force operating in the condensed phases of the following
    substances. Fully explain how you determined this.

    a. Cl2 London dispersion forces b. CO               Dipole-dipole forces


    The Cl-Cl bond is nonpolar so the The C-O bond is polar so the molecule is
    molecule is nonpolar. Non polar molecules polar. Polar molecules have dipole-dipole
    have only London dispersion forces forces. They also have London dispersion
    operating in the substance. forces, but dipole-dipole forces are stronger.

    c. SO2 Dipole-dipole forces d. CH2Cl2          Dipole-dipole forces


    SO2 is a bent, polar molecule. The The strongest intermolecular force in a polar
    strongest intermolecular force in a polar molecule that cannot form hydrogen bonds is
    molecule is the dipole-dipole force the dipole-dipole force

    e. HF Hydrogen bonding forces g. CH3-O-CH3 Dipole-dipole forces


    Molecules that have hydrogen attached to The hydrogen atoms are not bonded to the
    an O, N, or F can form hydrogen bonds. oxygen, so this molecule cannot form
    These are the strongest of the hydrogen bonds. It is polar, so it will have
    intermolecular forces. dipole-dipole forces.

    3. Based on the intermolecular forces present, predict the relative boiling points of each of the
    substances below. Arrange each series of substances in order of increasing boiling point. State
    your reasons for the order you use (identify the forces and explain how they affect the boiling
    point).

    a. dimethyl ether (CH3OCH3), ethanol (CH3CH2OH), and propane (CH3CH2CH3)

    lowest bp: propane (CH3CH2CH3) < dimethyl ether (CH3OCH3)< ethanol (CH3CH2OH) highest bp

    Dimethyl ether cannot form hydrogen bonds (no O-H bond), but is polar and has dipole-dipole forces.
    Ethanol can form hydrogen bonds. propane is nonpolar, so it has only London dispersion forces. The
    boiling point increases as the strength of the intermolecular forces increase:

    London dispersion < dipole-dipole forces < hydrogen bonds


    [All have similar molar masses: 46.07g/mol, 46.07g/mol and 44.09g/mol respectively.]

    b. Br2, Cl2, I2

    lowest bp: Cl2 < Br2 < I2 highest bp

    All are nonpolar molecules so only London dispersion forces are present. London dispersion forces get
    stronger as molar mass increases.

    4. For each pair of substance identify the substance that is likely to have the higher vapor pressure.
    Explain your reasoning.

    a. CO2 or SO2

    CO2 will have the higher vapor pressure. Vapor pressure tends to decrease as the strength of the
    intermolecular forces increase. Carbon dioxide is non-polar (dispersion forces only). Sulfur dioxide is
    polar (dipole-dipole forces are present).

    b. CH3OH or CH3-O-CH3

    CH3OCH3 will have the higher vapor pressure. Vapor pressure tends to decrease as the strength of the
    intermolecular forces increase. CH3OH can hydrogen bond. CH3OCH3 is polar (bent shape around the
    oxygen), so dipole-dipole forces are the strongest forces in this compound.

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