BASICS OF

QUALITY CONTROL &

QUALITY ASSURANCE
 QUALITY CONTROL/QUALITY ASSURANCE

What is QUALITY?

“ Quality is the totality of an entity that bears on its ability to satisfy stated or
implied needs”

ENTITY i.e the quality will be achieved if the

Correct material as per specification
Appropriate equipment & tools to produce the products
Testing on the completed product & constituent materials.
Skilled & experienced personnel
are part of the entity.
NEEDS
These are the expectations of the user on the end product (or simple
terms requirements of specific actions.
QUALITY CONTROL/QUALITY ASSURANCE (contd.)
QUALITY CONTROL
Quality control is line functions to produce the desired level of
quality.
It covers use of standard

Design criterion
Checking procedures
Testing procedures
Inspection requirements

QUALITY ASSURANCE

Quality assurance is the function of independently verifying/checking

that appropriate quality control is bend practiced.
QUALITY CONTROL/QUALITY ASSURANCE (contd.)
VARIOUS CODAL PROVISIONS TO QA/QC
The criterions on the implementation quality control/ Quality assurance carious
provisions are made in the standard specifications published by the MORTH for
Road and Bridge Work.

Section 105.3*
The contractor shall ensure that all the action are taken to build in quality
assurance in the planning and execution of the works, The quality assurance
shall cove all stages of work such as setting-out selection of materials,
selection of equipment and plant, deployment of personnel and supervisory
staff, quality control testing, etc. The work of building in quality assurance
shall be deemed to be covered in the scope of work.

Section 901.3*
The contractor shall carry out quality control tests on materials and work to
the frequency stipulated in subsequent paragraphs (of section 900 quality for
Road Works).

* Clauses of MORTH
 QUALITY CONTROL/QUALITY ASSURANCE (contd.)
DEFINATIONS IN REACTION TO QUALITY RELATED TERMS
The following is a selection of definitions derived from international organizations.

Audit A verification activity aimed at evaluating the conformance of

the design, product , process or system as appropriate.

Corrective Action Measures, including preventative measures taken to

rectify conditions, which have cause or might cause a non-
conformance.

Hold point A point in the construction process beyond which the work may
not proceed without authorization.

Non-conformance Non fulfillment of a specified requirement

Preventative Action Action taken to eliminate causes of a potential non-conformity,

detect or other undesirable situation in order to prevent
occurrence.
Quality The totality of features and characteristics of a product or
service that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied
needs.
QUALITY CONTROL/QUALITY ASSURANCE (contd.)

Quality Assurance All those planned and systematic actions necessary to provide
adequate confidence that a product or service will satisfy
given requirements for quality
Quality Audit A systematic and independent examination to determine
whether quality activities and related results comply with
planned arrangements and whether these arrangements are
implemented effectively and are suitable objectives.

Quality Control The operational techniques and activities that are used to
fulfill the requirements for quality.

Quality Improvement Actions taken throughout the organization to increase the

effectiveness and efficiency of activities and process in order
to provide added benefits to both the organization and its
customers.

Quality Manual Document stating the quality policy describing the quality
system of an organization.
QUALITY CONTROL/QUALITY ASSURANCE (contd.)
Quality Management That aspect of the overall management function that
determines and implements quality.
Quality Plan A document setting out the specific quality practices,
resources and sequence of activities relevant to a particular
product, service ,contract or project.

Quality Policy The overall quality intentions and directions of an

organization as regards quality as formally expressed by top
management.

Quality Surveillance The continuing monitoring and verification of the status of

procedures,methods,conditions,processes,products and
services and analysis of records in relation to stated
references to ensure that specifies requirements for quality
are being met.
Total Quality Management
Management approach of an organization centered on quality
based on the participation of all its members and aiming at
long-term success through customer satisfaction,and benefits
to all members of organization and society.
Quality Control Setup and Laboratory Facilities
 PROJECT SPECIFIC QUALITY ASSURANCE
PLAN BY CONTRACTOR

Delegations of duties and responsibilities

Distribution of work at various levels along the organization structure
Methods of document
•Details of vendors supplying various material
•Certificates on suplueo Materials.
Storing procedures & stock details
Quality surveillance during production & placement.
Maintenance documentation flow & records
Standard time table for review meetings
Establishing disciplinary actions in case of violation of norms
Training of staff & worker on changing trends in construction industry.
 Various Key/Items Requiring QA/QC Implementation

The following sections of presentations deals with the various items of

works involved in the typical road projects.
Earthworks
Subgrade/selected subgrade
Granular sub base
Wet Mix Megadam
Asphalt works
Repair, rehabilitation and reconstruction of concrete structures
Drainage
Safety features for completed works
Measurement procedures
For each of the above items schematic flow diagrams indicating the
flow of work and the control points will be discussed separately in
the subsequent sessions of the training programme.
 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM FOR TYPICAL ROAD PROJECTS
SURVEY

SITE CLEARANCE CHECKING LEVELS &

CO-ORDINATE

RESURVEY WORKING DRAWINGS /

CROSS SECTIONS

EARTHWORKS & CD STRUCTURES

SIDE DRAINS

UPGRADE JUNCTION
AND ACCESS BUS SUBGRADE PIPE BOX BRIDGES

PROTECTION WORKS
WMM 1

MEDIAN WMM 2 PRIME COAT DBM

KERB

TACK COAT

W/C

SHOULDERS &
MEDIAN FILL

TRAFFIC SIGNS ROAD ELECTRICAL BUS BAYS

MARKINGS WATER STRUCTURES

PREPARATION OF AS BUILT DRAWINGS HANDING OVER OF SECTION

 EARTHWORKS
FLOW OF ACTIVITY FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF
EARTHWORKS
CHECKING OF ORIGINAL GROUND BY
CONTRACTOR & CSC A APPROVED BORROW EARTH

YES
APREADING OF EARTH
IF STL-GL>500MM ROLLING AS PER CLAUSE LAYERS (COMPACTED WATERING FIELD MOISTURE
THICKNESS NOT MORE CONTENT TEST
THAN 200 MM

NO LOOSEN EARTH SURFACE – ROLLING AT 1% ABOVE TO 2%

SPRINKLING WITH WATER BELOW OMC
IS THE SOIL CLAY/ORGANIC
SOIL/MARSHY SOIL FOR FAIL
500MM SUBGRADE
(MINIMUM) NO PAS FIELD DENSITY TEST BY SAND CHECKING LEVELS
S REPLACEMENT METHOD (95% FOR TOLERANCE LEVEL IN
READY FOR NEXT LAYER
EMBANKMENT AND 97% FOR EMBANKMENT AND
YES SUBGRADE SUBGRADE

TO
LAB
REMOVE AND REPLACE COLLECT SOIL SAMPLE AND SIEVE ANALYSIS LIQUID PASS
BY - A CARRYOUT FIELD DRY DENSITY LIMIT, PI, CHECK FOR MDD CHECK AT SITE FOR IF FIELD DRY DENSITY >
TEST BY METHOD AS PER AND SOAKED CBR FIELD DENSITIES 95% OF MDD
SPECIFICATIONS/METHOD REQUIREMENT
STATEMENT
YES
FAI NO
FAI L APPROVAL BY CSC
L FOR NEXT LAYERS
FAI
CHECKING LEVELS PASS L
TOLERANCE LEVEL IN FIELD DENSITY TEST BY LOOSEN EARTH SURFACE
EMBANKMENT AND METHOD SPECIFIED ROLLING AT 1% ABOVE TO UPTO 500MM SPRINKING
SUBGRADE FDD > = 97% MDD 2% BELOW OMC WITH WATER

Note: STL = Subgrade Top Level, GL = Ground Level, MDD = Maximum Dry Density (Modified Proctor): FDD – OMC – Optimum Moisture Content
PASS

Trial embankment is to establish the optimum effort required to achieve the standard specification
 EARTHWORKS (contd.)
TESTING & ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
TESTING FREQUENCY OF PARAMETER RANGE
TESTING
Free swelling 2 per 3000 cum. Swelling Index Max.50
index
Atterberg Limits 2 per 3000 cum LL & PI LL=70 Max
PI=45 Max
Gradation 2 per 3000 cum Sand Content
Specific Gravity As required As required As required

Lab Density 2 per 3000 cum MDD & OMC Min Dry Density
(heavy) 17.5 KN/cum
Organic material As required Not Allowed

Deleterious As required Not Allowed

Content
Lab CBR (Soaked) 1 per 3000 cum % CBR 3 to 15 ( As
required in the
cross sections)
Field Compaction 1 per 500 cum % of MDD Min. 97
EARTHWORKS (contd.)
 GRANULAR SUBBASE
FLOW FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF GRANULAR SUBBASE
FAIL
MIX DESIGN INDIVIDUAL TEST ON BLENDED SAMPLE
IDENTIFICATION OF COLLECTION SAMPLE (GRAVEL / TO SIEVE ANALYSIS LIQUID LIMIT,
SIEVE ANALYSIS, BLENDING REJECT THE QUARRY
SOURCE BY THE MOORUM / SAND) FROM LAB PI, CHECK FOR MDD AND
AND ARRIVING AT MATERIALS
CONTRACTOR QYARRY / BORROW AREA SOAKED CBR
PROPERTIES

PAS
S

MIXING AT SITE USING

SEND IT TO COLLECTION OF SAMPLE MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT
LAB FOR TESTING FROM STACKS

FAIL PAS
SUGGEST SUITABLE TESTS ON SAMPLE SIEVE ANALYSIS S APPROVE THE STACK
REMEDY FOR ADDITION / LIQUID LIMIT, PI, CHECK FOR MDD FOR USAGE
REMIXING OF MATERIALS AND SOAKED CBR

CHECK FOR
(SCARIFY) SPREADING, GRADING COMPLETENESS OF
THE TOP LAYER AND WATERING EARTHWORKS

PAS FAIL
S
READY FOR NEXT LAYER FIELD DENSITY TEST BY CHECKING LEVELS ROLLING AT 1% ABOVE TO 2%
SAND REPLACEMENT / BELOW OMC BASED ON FIELD
SPECIFIED METHOD MOISTURE TEST

Note: MDD – Maximum Dry Density (Modified Proctor)

 GRANULAR SUBBASE (contd.)
TESTING & ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA, GRANULAR SUB BASE
TESTING FREQUENCY OF TESTING PARAMETER RANGE

Gradation 1 per 200 cum. Range of particle sizes Grading –III Table 400-1
& corresponding of MOST.
percentages
Ten Percent Fines As required KN in soaked position Min=50

Lab Density (Heavy) As required MDD and OMC -

Water Absorption As required <2%

Soundness (1) As required With Sodium Sulphate Max 12%

With Magnesium Max 18%
Sulphate
Atterbergs Limits (2) 2 per 3000 cum. LL & PI LL Max=25
PI Max= 6
Deleterious Content As required Not Allowed

CBR (3) As required Soaked CBR Min=30

Field Compaction 1 per 500 Sqm. % of MDD Min=98

Min = (1.65-1/65/No.5)
Mean Density SD +Specified Density

Moisture Content during 1 per 250 cum. w% 1% above to 2% below

compaction OMC
 GRANULAR SUBBASE (contd.)

Gradation Curve For Granular Subbase

100
U Limit
90
L Limit
80
Actual
70
Job Mix
60
% Passing

50

40

30

20

10

0
75 53 26.5 9.5 4.75 2.36 0.425 0.075
Sieve Size (m m )
GRANULAR SUBBASE (contd.)
 WET MIX MACCADAM
FLOW FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF WET MIX MACCADAM
COLLECTION OF COARSE, FINE TEST ON COARSE AGGREGATE
IDENTIFICATION OF COLLECTION OF AGGREGATES FROM QUARRY AND TO LAB SAMPLE IMPACT VALUE, FLAKINESS
QUARRIES BY CERTIFICATES ABOUT BINDING MATERIAL AND ELONGATION INDEX, WATER
CONTRACTOR QUALITY OF SOURCE ABSORPTION, GRADATION, LOS
ANGELES ABRASION VALUE

ALLOW FOR
THE TRAIL RUN

IS THE JOB MIX IS TRAIL IF ALL THE MATERIALS ARE OK TEST ON BLENDED
ACCEPTABLE TO THE ALLOW THEM FOR CONSTRUCTION CHECK FOR MDD SAMPLE SIEVE
YES SPECIFICATIONS BY MIXING MATERIALS IN THE ANALYSIS, LL, PI
COMPLETE SUBBASE / PLANT DUST RATIO
SUBGRADE LAYER OR PRODUCTION
TREATMENT TO EXISTING IS THE MIX ACCEPTABLE WMM PLANT FULLY RECTIFY THE
PAVEMENT WITH WATER CONTENT & YES PRODUCE MIX OPERATIONAL WITH ALL SHORT COMINGS
WORKABILITY CALIBERATIONS & REQUIRED
NO / SUBGRADE LAYER
IS SUBBASE CALIBRATIONS OF
YES NO
COMPLETED? OR TREATMENT TO THE PLANT
REJECT / ADJUST THE
THE EXISTING PAVEMENTS
MIX

CONSTRUCTION OF SHOULDERS FOR SPREADING OF WMM MATERIAL SPREAD UNIFORMLY IN THE

LATERAL CONFINEMENT WITH OVER PREPARED SUBBASE / DESIRED LAYER THICHNESS
APPROVED & TESTED MATERIAL SUBGRADE TREATED EXISTING WITH PAVER / G-MOTOR
YES GRADER
PAVEMENT
FAIL
(SCARIFY)
REGRADE
BROOMING TILL ALL LOOSE TEST FIELD COMPACTION
MATERIALS AND DUST ARE
REMOVED FAIL ROLLING / COMPACTION
PASS USING VIBRATORY ROLLER
PASS CHECKING WITH TEMPLATES
OR 3 M LONG STRAIGHT EDGE
AND y LEVELS
LIGHT SPRINKLING OF WATER
PRIOR TO SPRAYING OF MEDIUM
CUTBACK BITUMEN
 WET MIX MACCADAM (Contd.)

Proportion of Mix

40 mm Aggregate 30%

20 mm Aggregate 20%

10 mm. Aggregate 20%

Stone Dust 25%

Sand 5%

Physical Requirements

Test Result Requirements

Water Absorption of aggregates 0.50% Max=2%

Water absorption of sand 1.60% Max=2%

Flakiness and Elongation Index 25.50% Max=30%

Aggregate Index Value 13.50% Max=30%

Maximum Dry Density 2.32gm/cc

Optimum Moisture Content 5.70%

Plasticity Index NP Max=6%

 WET MIX MACADAM (Contd.)

Gradation Curve For Wet Mix Macadam

100
U Limit
90
L Limit
80
Actual
70 Job Mix
60
% Passing

50

40

30

20

10

0
53 45 22.4 11.2 4.75 2.36 0.6 0.075
Sieve Size (m m )
WET MIX MACADAM (Contd.)
 FLOW CHART FOR APPLICATION OF PRIMER/BINDER

CALIBRATION OF BITUMEN
DIATRINUTOR TANKER TO
PREPARATION OF ARRIVE AT SPEED OF VEHICLE,
COLLECT THE ESTABLISH THE RATE MAKE THE TRAIL BASE BY REMOVING SPRAYING TEMPRATURE AT
BITUMEN SAMPLE OF DISTRIBUTION SECTIONS DUST USING BROOM SPECIFIED BINDER
OR OUT BLAST TEMPRATURE (TEST TRAILS)

BINDER TO BE HEATED
IN BITUMINOUS
SPRAYER CUTBACK 30
to 550C, for MC 30
50 to 800C for MC70

CHECK ALL THE OPENING SPRAYING FROM

OF THE SPRAY BAR, ARE TANKER WITH THE
CLEAN WITHOUT ANY HELP OF BITUMEN
READY FOR NEXT WORK
BLOKAGEFOR UNIFORM
SPRAY
DISTRIBUTOR
SPRAYER

* Bitumen Distributor Tanker Should Have Sprayer With Self Heating Arrangement, Spraying Bar Nozzle, Electronic Speedometer
FLOW CHART FOR APPLICATION OF PRIMER/BINDER
 FLOW CHART FOR BITUMINOUS MIX DESIGN (BC/DBM)

TEST BITUMEN
PENETRATION,
SUPPLY BITUMEN STORAGE TANK HOTMIX PLANT
VISCOSITY AND FIRE
POINT DUCTILITY

COLLECTION OF TESTS ON COARSE AND FINE AGGREGATES SIEVE BLENDING OF COARSE AND
ARRIVING AT CPARSE, FINE
AGGREGATE SAMPLES ANALYSIS ABRASION VALUE, IMPACT VALUE, FINE AGGREGATE, FILLER
AGGREGATES AND FILLER
FROM QUARRIES, FILLER FLAKINESS AND ELONGATION INDEX COATING TO ARRIVE AT
PROPORTION BASED ON
SAMPLE AND STRIPING SOUNDNESS WATER ABSORPTION PROPORTION FOR
BLENDING
ETC., AS REQUIRED BY SPECIFICATIONS SPECIFIED GRADATION
TEST ON FILLER GRADATION, LL, PI

HEATING BITUMEN AND

TESTING MARSHALL AGGREGATE SEPARATELY
SPECIMENS AT CONTROL FOR THE PREPARATION OF
CONDITIONS WITH MIXING AGGREGATE & MARSHALL SPECIMEN
MEASUREMENT OF BITUMEN TEMPRATURE BITUMEN TEMPRATURE 150
STABILITY AND FLOW DIFFERENCE NOT>140C – 1630C (1600C) AGGREGATE
VALUE PROIR TO TESTING EXTRATION OF SPECIMEN, REPEAT TWO PREVIOUS PREPARATION OF MARSHALL TEMPRATURE 155 – 1630C
SPECIMENS KEPT IN MEASUREMENT OF STEPS FOR 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5% SPEWCIMEN IN PREHEATED (1600C) TOTAL QUANTITY
WATER BATH AT 600C FOR THICKNESS AND SPECIFIC OF BITUMEN (MIN 6 MOULDS AND COMPACTING OF DRY AGGREGATE 1200g
30 MINUTES GRAVITY OF MARSHALL SPECIMENS FOR EACH WITH 75 BLOWS ON EITHER AND BITUMEN 3.5% OF
SPECIMENS BITUMEN CONTENT SIDE 1200g

ANALYSIS (DRAW JOBMIX FORMULA

FOLLOWING CURVES) ARRIVE OPTIMUM COARSE AGGREGATE_%
BITUMEN CONTENT WITH BITUMEN BASED ON CHECK FOR ALL FINE AGGREGATE_%
STABILITY, FLOW VALUE, STABILITY 820 kg (Min) REQUIREMENTS WITH FILLER AGGREGATE_% TO BE USED IN HOT MIX
PERCENT VOIDS, BULK FLOW VALUE, % AIR OBTAINED OPTIMUM BITUMEN CONTENT_% PLANT
DENSITY AND VOIDS, MINIMUM VOIDS IN BITUMEN CONTENT (BY WEIGHT OF DRY
PERCENTAGE AGGREGATE, %VOIDS IN AGGREGATE & TOTAL MIX)
AGGREGATES VOIDS AGGREGATE
FILLED

LAY ASPHALT TEST SAMPLE PRODUCTION CHECK HOTMIX PLANT

 FREQUENCY OF
TESTING PARAMETER RANGE
TESTING
Penetration(pen)
60-70 , 40-55 ,
Quality of binder 2 samples per lot Softening Point(0
Min 75
C) Ductility (cm)
Aggregate impact
2 samples per lot AIV,5 wear Max=30
value
Combined
Flakiness and Per 50 cum of
flakiness and Max=40,Max=30
Elongation aggregates
elongation
Coating and
Stripping of Per 50 cum of
Retaining coating Min=95
Bitumen Aggregate aggregates
Mixtures
Water Absorption As required W% <2%
Sand Equivalent
As required SE (%) Min=50
Aggregates
12 with sodium
Soundness of Commulative loss sulphate and 18
As required
aggregates (%) with Magnessium
sulphate
 FREQUENCY OF
TESTING PARAMETER RANGE
TESTING
Plasticity of FillerAs required PI Max=4
Grading of Hot bin
aggregates
–individual Particle size
As required Approved JMF
constituents and distribution
combined mix
grading
Stability (kg),
1 test per 400 820 Min, 2-4, 3-5,
stability/flow/densi Flow (mm)’,
tons of mix or min 10-12, 65-75,
ty/voids VIM(%), VMA
2 tests per day Approved JMF
(%), Density
I set of 3 marshal
specimins for 400
Retention of
Water sensitivity tonnes of nmix or -
Marshal Stability
min 2 tests per
day
Binder Content of
As required % of total mix Min 4%
mix
1 Test per 400
Gradation after Particle size
tons of mix or min JMF
extraction distribution
2 tests per day
Binder 150-163 ,
Agg 155-163,
Temperature At regular Thermometer
Discharge 130-
control of intervals reading
160,Laying 120-
160
Field Compaction 1 Per 250 sqm. % compaction Min.98
 COLD BINS HOT BINS
Sieve Size % age Feeder % age
30mm 5 Feeder 7
20mm 36 Feeder 29
10mm 31 Feeder 27
Stone Dust 23 Feeder 34
Filler
5 3
Sand Bin

% age of Bitumen
Description Result Unit
by wt of total mix
Maximun Bulk
2.497 Gm/cc 4.65
Density
Maximun Stabillity 1160 Kg 4.53
Maximum Flow 3 Mm 4.53
Central Voids 4 % 4.76
VMA 15.8 % 4.76
VFB 70 % 4.53

Description Requirement Unit Job Mix

Stability 820 Kg 1160
Marshal Flow 2-4, Mm 3.2
Voids in mix 3-5, % 4
Voids in mineral
10-12, % 15.8
aggregate
Voids in mineral
aggregate filled 65-75 % 70
with bitumen
Binder Content(By
>4.0 % 4.62
wt.of total mix)
 Cold Bins HOT BINS
Sieve Size % age Feeder-1 % age
Feeder-1,
20 mm 32 5,22
Feeder-1

Feeder-1,
10 mm 34 32,37
Feeder-1
Stone dust 34 Filter Bin 4

% Age Bitumen by
Description Result Unit
wt. Of total mix.
Maximum Bulk
2.51 Gm/cc 5021
Density
Maximum
1210 Kg 5044
Stability
Maximum Flow 3 Mm 4.76
Central voids 4 % 5.08
VMA 15.9 % 5.21
VFB 70 % 4.85

Description Requirement Unit Job Mix

Stability 820 kg 1210
Marshal Flow 2-4, mm 3
Voids in mix 3-5, % 4
Voids in
mineral 10-12, % 15.9
aggregate
Voids in mineral
aggregate filled 65-75 % 70
with bitumen
Binder Content
(By wt. Of total >4.5 % 5.15
mix.)
 FLOW CHART FOR BITUMINOUS MIX DESIGN (BC/DBM)

Gradation Curve For Dense Bitum inous Macadam

100
U Limit
90
L Limit
80 Actual
70 Job Mix
60
% Passing

50
40
30
20
10
0
37.5 26.5 13.2 4.75 2.36 0.075
Sieve Size (mm)
 FLOW CHART FOR BITUMINOUS MIX DESIGN (BC/DBM)

Gradation Curve For Asphalt Concrete

100
U Limit
90
L Limit
80
Actual
70 Job Mix
60
% Passing

50

40

30

20

10

0
26.5 19 9.5 4.75 2.36 0.3 0.075
Sieve Size (m m )
 TOLERANCE IN LEVELS AS COMPARED
SURFACE
TO DESIGNED LEVELS
Sub Grade 20mm/-25mm
Granular Sub Base 10mm/-20mm
WMM Grader Laid 15mm/-15mm
WMM Paver Laid 10mm/-10mm
Dense Bituminous Macadam 06mm/-06mm
Bituminous Concrete 06mm/-06mm

Carriageway 10mm/-10mm
Road and lower layers 25mm/-25mm

Irregularity 4mm 7mm

Length 300 75 300 75
Allowed No of readings 20 9 2 1
 FLOW CHART FOR CULVERTS / CD STRUCTURES
FIELD ARE THE DETAILS NO INTIMATE THE APPROVAL OF REQUIRED
SURVEY & MATCHING WITH DEVIATIONS TO THE CHANGES BY ENGINEER
DETAILS CONTRACT DIVISIONS DESIGN
DRAWINGS ENGINEER

DEMOLISH
EXTENSION YES THE HEAD
REMOVE THE
IS THE CULVERT WORKING WALLS /
ESTABLISH THE UNSUITABLE
EXTENSION OR DRAWINGS WING
REQUIREMENTS MATERIAL
NEW CULVERT METHOD WALLS
STATEMENT
PROVIDE
NEW BEDDING
WORKING PROVIDE THE AND LAY
DRAWINGS REQUIRED TYPE OF THE PIPE
EXCAVATE
METHOD TREATEMENT CULVERT SEAL THE
SOIL FOR THE
STATEMENT FOR S JOINTS &
INVESTIGATION FOUNDATIO
FOUNDATION AS PIPE
S ARE N
PER THE SOIL COLLARS
COMPLETE CD STRUCTURES
CONDITION
CHECK THE
APPROPRIATENESS
RECTIFICATION OF PREPARE THE PROVIDE THE BACKFILL WITH
THE FORMATION & REINFORCEMENT FORM WORK GRANULAR MATERIAL
REINFORCEMENT ENSURE THAT
MATERIALS ARE
PASS PROPERLY COMPACTED
PASS

IS THE WEATHER YES

CONDUSIVE ARE THE SUPPLIES ALLOW THE
OF THE CONTRACTOR FOR PASS
NO MATERIALS ARE CONCRETIN
ADEQUATE
CHECK FOR SOFT POCKETS OR
HONEYCOMBING
DONT ALLOW FOR CONCRETING

INTERNAL
RECTIFY THE CONTRACTOR TO FAIL
DEFECTS UPTO THE GIVE METHOD
REQUIREMENTS STATEMENT OR
REPAIR OR
RECONSTRUCTION
FLOW CHART FOR CULVERTS / CD STRUCTURES
 FLOW CHART FOR LAYING PROFILE CORRECTIVE COURSE

PREPARATION PROFILE FILLING OF POT HOLES

OF EXISTING CORRECTIVE (LAYER THICKHNESS NOT CARRYOUT SURVEYS
BITUMENOUS COURSE USING MORE THAN 75 mm) FOR DETERMINING APPLICATION OF TACK
SURFACE DBM/ BM SEALING OF CRACKS WITH PROFILE CORRECTIVE COAT AT 0.25 Kg/m2
SEAL COATS / EMULSION COURSE THICKNESS
SLURRY

YES IF PROFILE CORRECTIVE

APPLY IN LAYERS NOT
MORE THAN 100mmM AT COURSE THICHNESS >
ANY POINT 40MM
PROFILE CORRECTIVE
COURSE USING WMM
NO

APPLY AS SEPARATE
LAYER
SOFT SPOTS TO BE REMOVED
AND REPLACED SCARIFYING
EXISTING ASPHALT APPLY CORRECTIVE READY FOR WMM BASE
COURSE OF WMM COURSE

Note: PCC – Profile Corrective Course Asphalt / WMM.

FLOW CHART FOR CONSTRUCTION OF BITUMINOUS LAYERS

MIX FROM HOT

MIX PLANT

REJECT

TEMP< 1200C
PREPARATION OF THE ROLLING BY 8-10 T
BASE (FREE FROM DUST SMOOTH WHEEL ROLLER
AND FOREIGN MATTER APPLICATION OF TACK MEASUREMENT DURING PAVING AND AT SPEED 5Kmph
USING BROOM) TRANSPORTING THE
COAT AS REQUIRED RECORDING TEMPERATURE OF THE FOLLOWING CLOSE TO THE
MIX TO THE PAVER
CONSTRUCTION OF MIX BETWEEN 120 – 1600C PAVER
SHOULDER, TESTING IN COVERED TRUCKS

ROLLING OPERATION FROM

CORE CUTTING PAVER EDGE OVERLAP BY FINISH ROLLING USING
NO TRAFFIC TO BE
OPERATION AT EVERY ALLOWED TILL
HALF WIDTH ROLLING TILL NO 8 – 10 T ROLLERS INTERMIDIATE
50 M INTERVALS MARKS ARE SEEN & BEFORE WITHOUT VIBRATION ROLLING USING
ASPHALT CORES ARE
MIX TEMPERATURE FALLS PREUMATIC ROLLER
TAKEN
BELOW 1000C

TESTS ON CORE SAMPLE AT LAB

TO DETERMINE THICKNESS, CHECK FOR LEVELS
DEGREE OF COMPACTION (98% OF AND ALLOW FOR READY FOR
LAB SPECIFIC GRAVITY) AND TRAFFIC TOLERANCE NEXT WORK
BITUMEN CONTENT (+0.3% OF OBC) LEVEL (-) 6 TO (+) 6MM
FLOW CHART FOR BITUMINOUS MIX DESIGN (BC/DBM)
 FLOW CHART FOR CEMENT CONCRETE WORKS

CEMENT
TEST CERTIFICATE

FINE TEST CUBE FOR

AGGREGATE CHECK TIMING COMPRESSIVE
CHECK FOR SLUMP
OF MIXER STRENGTH
ALL MATERIALS PROPORTION TEST
APPROVED AS OPERATION
PER
SPECIFICATION
COARSE
AGGREGATE NO
(*)

CHECK FOR
WATER SETTING
TIME
NO

YES

REINFORCEMENT CHECK FOR BAR PLACEMENT OF

STEEL TEST PLACEMENT, BENDING CONCRETE
CERTIFICATE AND BINDING

VIBRATE

CHECK FOR BLEEDING CHECK FOR

AND SEGREGATION STRING SHUTTER COMPACTION

Note (*): if test result is not satisfactory, corrective action shall be taken as directed by the Engineer
 FLOW CHART FOR CEMENT MORTAR APPLICATION

CEMENT

CHECK FOR YES

CHECK FOR TEST CUBE FOR
CONSISTENCY
PROPORTION COMPRESSIVE
FINE ALL TEST RESULT
STRENGTH
AGGREGATE MATERIALS
APPROVED NO

WATER

(*)

PLACEMENT OF CM
FOR USE

Note (*): if test result is not satisfactory, corrective action shall be taken as directed by the Engineer
THANK YOU !