Learning Area Earth Science

Learning Delivery Modality Modular Distance Modality

School Sabang National HS Grade Level Grade 12

LESSON
Teacher Cherrina D. Aguila Learning Area Earth Science
Teaching Date ______________2020 Quarter First

EXEMPLAR Teaching Time 7:20 – 8:20 A.M. No. of Days

I. OBJECTIVES

At the end of the lesson, learners are expected to

1. State the different theories explaining the formation of the universe.
2. Make a Venn Diagram showing the similarities and differences of the
theories explaining the formation of the universe.
3. Relate one’s religious beliefs to the theories of formation of the
universe and how these theories affect them.

A. Content The learners demonstrate an understanding of …..

Standard The formation of the universe and the solar system.

B. Performance Make a concept map and use it to explain how the geosphere, hydrosphere,
Standard atmosphere, and biosphere are interconnected.

C. Most Essential Learning S11ES-Ia-1 - Describe the historical development of theories that explain
Competencies (MELC) the origin of the universe.

D. Enabling Competencies

II. Content Formation of the universe and the solar system

III. Learning References

A. References
a. Teacher’s Guide Pages Teacher’s Guide Lesson 1 pp. 1 – 13
b. Learner’s Material Pages
c. Textbook Pages Earth Science pp.

d. Additional Materials from 1. https://www.slideshare.net

Learning Resources 2. https://www.youtube.com/theoriesof theoriginof theuniverse

B. List of Learning Resources 1. http://www.youtube.com

for Development and 2. Graphic organizer
Engagement Activities

IV. PROCEDURES

A. Introduction What I need to know?

  Learners take a diagnostic test to check their prior knowledge
 The content of the lesson will be presented
 Learning objectives will also be introduced to guide the learners on the
learning targets founded on KSAV principles

What’s new?
Before 1917, many scientists thought that the universe always existed. But
Einstein’s revolutionary theory of gravity changed all the rules. It opened up the mind‐
boggling possibility that space itself – the permanence of which had never been
questioned – might actually be expanding. If space is expanding, the universe that
we inhabit today could have been infinitely smaller.

Question: Do you wonder how the universe expand?

TASK 1: The Distance Between Us

1. Assign any member of the family to hold a mobile phone with music in
it.
2. Tell the member to sit close to you and instruct to play any music in
full volume. Observe the volume of the music.
3. Later, tell the member to walk 2 steps, 5 steps, and 10 steps away
from where you are while playing the music ( do not change the
volume ). Observe the volume of the music as the member moves
away from you.

Questions:
a. Describe the sound of the music when the member is close to you.
b. Describe the sound of the music when the member moves away
from you; 2 steps, 5 steps, and 10 steps away.

TASK 2: Audio-Visual Activity

The teacher presents a three-minute video explaining the concept of the Red Shift.
(The material can be uploaded thru GC or can be passed on via Share it [using
Smartphone}, Flash Drive, or CD)

Questions:
1. How will you relate the sound in explaining the concept of Red Shift?
2. How will you compare sound to light in explaining the concept of Red
Shift?
3. Define what is Red Shift in your own words.

B. Development What I know?

TASK 3: Let the learners watch a prescribed short video presentation

regarding the origin of the universe

Questions:
1. Which of the following theories presented you think is more reliable in
explaining the origin of the universe. Why do you say so?
2. Describe each theory based on AVP–
a. Divine Creation theory
b. Pulsating or Oscillation theory
c. Steady State theory
d. Big Bang theory

What is it?
THEORIES ABOUT THE UNIVERSE

Read outline statements below showing the features of each theory:

A. PULSATING UNIVERSE OR OSCILLATION THEORY

o The universe started with a big bang but does not expanded forever.
o Gravity will stop the expansion
o The universe will then contract galaxies will fall back on each other, packing
 them closely together again.
o They will become hot and another big bang will occur.
o The present universe began with a Big Bang 10 to 20 billion years ago.
o The universe is still expanding.
o The universe in the future will stop, contract, and end, but a new explosion
will occur and a new universe will be made out of the same matter.

B. STEADY STATE THEORY

o The universe has no beginning and has no end.
o It remains the same all the time – past, present, future and that it is the same
everywhere on the large scale all the time.
o The universe has no beginning and will have no end but stays the same
forever.
o New hydrogen is created continuously to replace matter carried away by
receding galaxies
o The universe always stay the same all the time ; it never changes.

C. THE BIG BANG THEORY

o This theory seems to be the most correct.
o Stars condensed by gravity out of clouds of hydrogen.
o Nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium The entire content of the universe
expanded explosively with a BANG, from a hot dense chaotic mass of gas
called the primeval atom occurred.
o Some stars exploded and produced heavy clouds of elements from which
other stars and planets condensed later.
o The process of stars formation and destruction continues to the present, since
then, the universe has been expanding.
o The galaxies continue expanding and moving faster and farther away from
each other.
o The universe exploded violently into being 10 to 20 billion years ago.
o The universe will become cold and dark in the future when the original
hydrogen is all used up in the formation and evolution of stars.

TASK 4: Make a Venn diagram among the three theories explaining the
origin of the universe.

C. Engagement What’s more?

TASK 5: How will you relate each theory on the formation of the
universe to your daily activities?

What can I do?

In 1929, astronomer Edwin Hubble made the amazing discovery that distant galaxies
are speeding away from us. This means that the galaxies we see today are much closer
together – originating from a tiny region of space. In the 1920s, Edwin Hubble
measured the motion of galaxies. By measuring a galaxy’s distance from us and how
fast that galaxy is receding (its recession velocity), he found a simple
relationship: double the distance, double the velocity; triple the distance, triple the
velocity. This is Hubble’s Law.

TASK 6: Hubble Experiment

Objective: To prove that Hubble’s Law is correct by making a model of an expanding
universe. Materials to be used: Thick rubber band, scissors, centimeter ruler, and
marker.

Procedure:
1. Cut the rubber band and stretch it as a strip (rubber band strip).
2. Make the markings as shown below….

a. the first mark let be the EARTH.

b. using the centimeter ruler, measure from your first mark up to 5 cm
and mark it as E.
c. mark the rubber band strip randomly to A, B, C, and D.

3.

a. Using the figure above, make five trials. Mark your first measurement
as you first place your rubber band strip as shown above.
b. Second trial, stretch your rubber band strip up to 10 cm. Mark the
measurements A, B, C, D, and E. Third trial up to 15 cm, fourth trial
20 cm, and fifth trial 25 cm. Measure each mark as you stretch the
rubber band strip to its specified measurement per trial.

Trial Distance A Distance B Distance C Distance D Distance E

1 cm cm cm cm cm
2 cm cm cm cm cm
3 cm cm cm cm cm
4 cm cm cm cm cm
5 cm cm cm cm cm

4. After you record the distance per trial, get ready to graph the data.

Questions:
a. What do you notice everytime you stretch the rubber band strip?
b. If your first mark is the Earth, and the respective markings A – E are
the galaxies, what is your conclusion then about Hubble’s Law? Is he
correct? Why do you say so?

What other enrichment activities can I engage in?

TASK 7: Submit a brief report on these questions.

 What is the fate of the universe? Will the universe continue to expand or will it
eventually contract because of gravity?

What have I learned?

TASK 8: Assign students to construct a “Hugot Line” using the origin of

the theories of the universe
D. Assimilation
What can I do?
The learners will answer the Assessment provided in the module.

The learners in their notebook, journal or portfolio will write their personal insights
about the lesson using the prompts below.
V. REFLECTION
I understand that _________________________________________________
I realize that ______________________________________________________

Prepared and Submitted by

CHERRINA D. AGUILA
SST – III

Submitted to
FLORDELIZA C. PATIÑO
Principal I