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Unit 10 Lesson 1 The Circle and Its Parts

The document provides a lesson on the different parts of a circle including the radius, diameter, chord, secant, tangent, arc, central angle, and inscribed angle. It defines each part and provides examples. The lesson emphasizes that understanding the different parts of a circle is important for solving problems involving the measurement of arcs using properties like the central angle theorem. Interactive exercises are included to help students identify circle parts and use properties to find arc measurements.

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Hailey K.
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553 views42 pages

Unit 10 Lesson 1 The Circle and Its Parts

The document provides a lesson on the different parts of a circle including the radius, diameter, chord, secant, tangent, arc, central angle, and inscribed angle. It defines each part and provides examples. The lesson emphasizes that understanding the different parts of a circle is important for solving problems involving the measurement of arcs using properties like the central angle theorem. Interactive exercises are included to help students identify circle parts and use properties to find arc measurements.

Uploaded by

Hailey K.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 1

The Circle and


Its Parts
Objectives

At the end of this lesson, the learner should be able to

● accurately determine the different parts of a circle;

● correctly solve for the measure of the arc of a circle;


and

● correctly solve word problems involving the parts of


a circle.
Essential Questions

● What are the different parts of a circle?

● How will you solve for the measure of an arc of a circle?


Warm Up!

Before we learn the different parts of a circle, let us learn


how to construct figures involving a circle using an online
tool!

(Click on the link to access the exercise.)

“Geometry”. Geogebra. Retrieved 15 April 2019 from


https://www.geogebra.org/geometry
Geogebra!
Let’s construct!

Photo place holder


Geogebra!
Let’s construct!

Construct the following figures in Geogebra.

1. Construct circle with center A.


2. Plot point B on the circle and construct 𝐴𝐵
3. Draw a line which passes through A and whose
endpoints are on the circle. Name it 𝐶𝐷.
4. Draw a line whose endpoints are on the circle but
does not pass through the center. Name it 𝐸𝐹.
Guide Questions

● What kind of lines are 𝐴𝐵, 𝐶𝐷, and 𝐸𝐹?

● Do you think those are the only parts of a circle? Can you
give other parts of a circle?

● Why is it important to determine the different parts of a


circle?
Learn about It!

1 Circle
set of all points on a given plane that is equidistant from a fixed point on the
plane called the center of the circle; named based on the letter used to indicate
the center of the circle

Example:

The circle to the right is named circle 𝐶.


Learn about It!

2 Radius
distance between the center of the circle and a point on the circle; the plural form
of radius is radii

Example:

The lines 𝑄𝐶, 𝐶𝑅, and 𝑃𝐶 are the radii of


circle 𝐶.
Learn about It!

3 Chord
a line segment whose endpoints lie on the circle

Example:

The lines 𝑄𝑅, 𝑃𝑅, and 𝑄𝑃 are chords of


circle 𝐶.
Learn about It!

4 Diameter
a chord that passes through the center of the circle; the diameter is also the
longest chord in a circle

Example:

The line 𝑄𝑆 is the diameter of circle 𝐶.


Learn about It!

5 Secant
a line that intersects a circle in two points

Example:

The lines 𝑄𝑆 and 𝑄𝑅 are secants of


circle 𝐶.
Learn about It!

6 Tangent
a line that intersects a circle at only one point; the point where it intersects the
circle is called the point of tangency

Example:

The line 𝑈𝑉 is tangent to circle 𝐶, and


the point of tangency is point 𝑇.
Learn about It!

7 Arc
a portion of a circle formed between two points on the circle

Example:

. is a minor arc, and the arc


The arc 𝑃𝑄
/ is a major arc.
𝑃𝑅𝑄
Learn about It!

8 Arc Addition Postulate


The measure of an arc formed by two adjacent arcs of the same circle is equal to
the sum of the measures of the two arcs.

Example:

. = 90° and
In the given circle 𝑂, 𝑚 𝑄𝑃
. = 120°. It follows that
𝑚 𝑃𝑅
/ = 𝑚 𝑄𝑃
𝑚 𝑄𝑃𝑅 . + 𝑚 𝑃𝑅 . = 210°.
Learn about It!

9 Central Angle
an angle whose vertex is the center of the circle

Example:

In the figure to the right, ∠𝑄𝑂𝑃 is a


central angle.
Learn about It!

10 Central Angle Postulate


The measure of a central angle is equal to the measure of its intercepted arc.

Example:

The measure of the central angle ∠𝑄𝑂𝑃


is 90°. It follows that the measure of the
intercepted arc 𝑄𝑃 . is also 90°.
Learn about It!

11 Inscribed Angle
an angle whose vertex is on the circle

Example:

In the figure to the right, ∠𝑃𝑅𝑄 is an


inscribed angle.
Try It!

Example 1: Name the following parts of circle 𝑂 given below:


a. 𝑂𝐶
b. 𝐴𝐶
c. 𝐴𝐷
d. 𝐴𝐹
e. 𝐶𝐹
f. ∠𝐴𝐷𝐵
g. ∠𝐴𝑂𝐸
.
h. 𝐸𝐶
/
i. 𝐴𝐸𝐵
.
j. 𝐴𝐶
Try It!

Example 1: Name the following parts of circle 𝑂 given below:


a. 𝑂𝐶
Solution:
𝑂𝐶 is a line segment connecting
the center 𝑂 to the point of a
circle, which is 𝐶. Thus, 𝑂𝐶 is a
radius.
Try It!

Example 1: Name the following parts of circle 𝑂 given below:


b. 𝐴𝐶
Solution:
𝐴𝐶 is a line segment connecting
two points of a circle, which is 𝐴
and 𝐶, and passes through the
center 𝑂. Thus, 𝐴𝐶 is a diameter.
Try It!

Example 1: Name the following parts of circle 𝑂 given below:


c. 𝐴𝐷
Solution:
𝐴𝐷 is a line segment connecting
two points of a circle, which is 𝐴
and 𝐷, but does not pass through
the center 𝑂. Thus, 𝐴𝐷 is a chord.
Try It!

Example 1: Name the following parts of circle 𝑂 given below:


d. 𝐴𝐹
Solution:
𝐴𝐹 is a line which intersects the
circle at two points, which are 𝐴
and 𝐵. Thus, 𝐴𝐹 is a secant.
Try It!

Example 1: Name the following parts of circle 𝑂 given below:


e. 𝐶𝐹
Solution:
𝐶𝐹 is a line which intersects the
circle at one point, which is 𝐶.
Thus, 𝐶𝐹 is a tangent.
Try It!

Example 1: Name the following parts of circle 𝑂 given below:


f. ∠𝐴𝐷𝐵
Solution:
∠𝐴𝐷𝐵 is an angle whose vertex lies
on the circle. Thus, ∠𝐴𝐷𝐵 is an
inscribed angle.
Try It!

Example 1: Name the following parts of circle 𝑂 given below:


g. ∠𝐴𝑂𝐸
Solution:
∠𝐴𝑂𝐸 is an angle whose vertex is
on the center of the circle. Thus,
∠𝐴𝑂𝐸 is a central angle.
Try It!

Example 1: Name the following parts of circle 𝑂 given below:


.
h. 𝐸𝐶
Solution:
. is an arc bounded by the
𝐸𝐶
points 𝐸 and 𝐶. Its measure is less
. is a minor
than 180°. Thus, 𝐸𝐶
arc.
Try It!

Example 1: Name the following parts of circle 𝑂 given below:


/
i. 𝐴𝐸𝐵
Solution:
/ is an arc bounded by the
𝐴𝐸𝐵
points 𝐴 and 𝐵 and passes
through 𝐸. Its measure is more
/ is a major
than 180°. Thus, 𝐴𝐸𝐵
arc.
Try It!

Example 1: Name the following parts of circle 𝑂 given below:


.
j. 𝐴𝐶
Solution:
. is an arc bounded by points 𝐴
𝐴𝐶
and 𝐶. Since 𝐴𝐶 is a diameter, it
. is a semicircle.
follows that 𝐴𝐶
Try It!

Example 2: In the figure below, 𝑚∠𝐵𝑂𝐶 = 60° and


.
𝑚∠𝐴𝑂𝐵 = 135°. Find 𝑚 𝐴𝐶.
Try It!

Example 2: In the figure below, 𝑚∠𝐵𝑂𝐶 = 60° and


.
𝑚∠𝐴𝑂𝐵 = 135°. Find 𝑚 𝐴𝐶.
Solution:
We will use the Central Angle Postulate to
. This postulate states that
determine 𝑚 𝐴𝐶.
the measure of a central angle is equal to
the measure of its intercepted arc.
Try It!

Example 2: In the figure below, 𝑚∠𝐵𝑂𝐶 = 60° and


.
𝑚∠𝐴𝑂𝐵 = 135°. Find 𝑚 𝐴𝐶.
Solution:
Since 𝑚∠𝐵𝑂𝐶 = 60°, it follows that the
. is also 𝟔𝟎°.
measure of its intercepted arc 𝐵𝐶

Since 𝑚∠𝐴𝑂𝐵 = 135°, it follows that the


. is also
measure of its intercepted arc 𝐴𝐵
𝟏𝟑𝟓°.
Try It!

Example 2: In the figure below, 𝑚∠𝐵𝑂𝐶 = 60° and


.
𝑚∠𝐴𝑂𝐵 = 135°. Find 𝑚 𝐴𝐶.
Solution:
Remember that the measure of the arc
equivalent to an entire circle is 360°. Thus,
we can add the measures of the three arcs
and make it equal to 360°.

. + 𝑚 𝐵𝐶
𝑚 𝐴𝐵 . + 𝑚 𝐴𝐶
. = 360°
Try It!

Example 2: In the figure below, 𝑚∠𝐵𝑂𝐶 = 60° and


.
𝑚∠𝐴𝑂𝐵 = 135°. Find 𝑚 𝐴𝐶.
Solution:
. we will get 𝑚 𝐴𝐶
Solving for 𝑚 𝐴𝐶, . = 165°.

. = 𝟏𝟔𝟓°.
Therefore, 𝒎 𝑨𝑪
Let’s Practice!

Individual Practice:

1. Determine all the radii,


diameters, chords, secants,
and tangents of the figure to
the right.
Let’s Practice!

Individual Practice:

2. In the figure below, 𝐴𝐶 and 𝐵𝐷 are


diameters intersecting at center 𝑂.
. 𝑚 𝐴𝐷,
If 𝑚∠𝐴𝑂𝐵 = 55°, find 𝑚 𝐴𝐵, .
/
and 𝑚 𝐴𝐶𝐷.
Let’s Practice!

Group Practice: To be done in groups of two to five

Determine the measure of the intercepted arc of the angle


formed by the hour and minute hand of a clock if the current
time is 3:20.
Key Points

1 Circle
set of all points on a given plane that is equidistant from a fixed point on the
plane called the center of the circle; named based on the letter used to indicate
the center of the circle

2 Radius
distance between the center of the circle and a point on the circle; the plural form
of radius is radii

3 Chord
a line segment whose endpoints lie on the circle
Key Points

4 Diameter
a chord that passes through the center of the circle; the diameter is also the
longest chord in a circle

5 Secant
a line that intersects a circle in two points

6 Tangent
a line that intersects a circle at only one point; the point where it intersects the
circle is called the point of tangency
Key Points

7 Arc
a portion of a circle formed between two points on the circle

8 Arc Addition Postulate


The measure of an arc formed by two adjacent arcs of the same circle is equal to
the sum of the measures of the two arcs.

9 Central Angle
an angle whose vertex is the center of the circle
Key Points

10 Central Angle Postulate


The measure of a central angle is equal to the measure of its intercepted arc.

11 Inscribed Angle
an angle whose vertex is on the circle
Synthesis

● What are the different parts of a circle?

● Why is it important to determine the different parts of a


circle in solving for the measure of its arcs?

● How are chords and radii related?

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