1.why Is Global Governance Multi-Faceted?

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1.Why is global governance multi-faceted?

Global governance is multifaceted because of the following reasons;


first, it came from many sources. Many internationalist and scholars give
their views and principles about global governance. Another is, states can
sign treaties and form organization, in the process of legislating public
international law. Second it covers various intersecting processes that
create international order and encompasses several global areas of
governance including security, justice, human rights, development, trade,
and finance. Third, it refers to different international organizations that
cover complex issues, and make international rules through which
decision-making and co-operation at a global level is facilitated, operating
through multilateral systems of regulation.

2.How do international organizations take on "lives of their own"?

International organizations take on lives of their own in a way that


these IOs were able to influence different powers. As for example, the IMF
was able to promote a particular form of economic orthodoxy that
stemmed mainly from the beliefs of its professional economists. IOs can
thus become influential as independent organizations. Barnett and
Finnemore listed the following powers of IOs. First, the power of
classification, because IOs can invent and apply categories, they can
create powerful global standards. For example, it is the UN High
Commissioner for Refugees (UNCHR) that defines what a refugee is, and
since states are required to accept refuges entering their borders, this
power to establish identity has concrete effects. Second, IOs have the
power to fix meanings. The various terms like security are well-defined
and they are view as legitimate sources of information. As such, the
meanings they create have effects on various policies. Lastly, IOs have
the power to diffuse norms. Norms which are the accepted code of
conduct. For example, World Bank economists come to be experts in
development and carry some form authority; they can therefore create
norms regarding the implementation of development projects. As well as,
other IOs can promote relevant norms like environmental protection and
human rights. Hence, international organizations take on "lives of their
own".

3. What are the challenges faced by the United Nations in maintaining


global security?

 As stated in Lesson 4, the biggest challenge of United Nations is


related to issues of security. UN Security Council is tasked with
authorizing international acts of military intervention. Because of P5’s
veto power, it is tough for the council to release a formal resolution, much
more implement it. For example, United States sought to intervene in the
Kosovo War, but China and Russia however, threatened to veto any
action, rendering the UN incapable of addressing the crisis. Another is,
the civil war in Syria wherein Russia has threatened to veto any SC
resolution against Syria, since President Bashar is an ally of Rusian
dictator Vladimir Putin thus, the UN has done very little to stop state-
sanctioned violence against opponents of the government. As a result, the
UN is ineffectual amid conflict that has led to over thousands of deaths
and millions displaced. Hence, through the P5’s veto power, UN cannot
simply release and implement formal resolution to maintain global
security. Another is, the limits placed upon it various organs and
programs by the need to respect state sovereignty. If a state refuses to
cooperate, the influenced of the UN is severely circumscribed, thus failing
to achieve its goal of maintaining global security and order.

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