BADMINTON

Badminton started in India in the year

1600, it is originally called Poona which is
derived from a town name where the British
Garrison is found. Being particularly popular in
this town which is now known as Pune, the
British Military Officers stationed in India enjoy
playing this game. When they went back to
England in the middle of the 18th Century, they
continue playing the game, developed (with a
net), with Rules set out; this became its
introduction in England with an England name
– Battledore and Shuttlecock and then became
a traditional game.

HISTORY
1866 – ISAAC SPRATT, a toy dealer in England
published a booklet but unfortunately, no copy
has survived.

1873 – This new sport was launched at the

Badminton House, Gloucestershire owned by
the Duke of Beaufort and that was referred as
the “Game of Badminton”. After which, the
game is officially called as Badminton.

1887 – The Standard Rules and Regulation of

the games were drawn-up.

1893 – The Badminton Association of England

was formed and published the first set of
official rules.

1899 – The “All England Open Badminton

Championship” started and considered as the
first Badminton Competition of the World.

1934 – Badminton World Federation (BWF) is

the international governing body for the sports
of Badminton founded with nine (9) member
nation (Canada, Denmark, Ireland, France,
England, Netherlands, New Zealand, Scotland
and Wales).
1936 – WBF organizes International
Competition

1948–1949 – Thomas Cup started the premier

Men’s International team event conducted
every 2 years.

1956–1957 – Uber Cup – Woman’s equivalent

first held.

1977 – World Championship was first held by

the IBF held in Maimo, Sweden and since the
tournament is conducted once every 3 years.

With some difficulty in conducting the first 2

tournament, the IBF merged with the WBF in
1985 and the game started to be conducted
once in every 2 years.

Philippine Badminton Association was the first

National Organization formed in 1952 and
tarted participating in the International
Tournament in the 1950’s since its
membership in the IBF as the 21st member
country.

Andriano Torres was the first Filipino

Championship in Men’s singles in 1949 in the
International Tournament.

1979 – Philippines started its participation the

World Competition.

2006 – World Competition became an Annual

Tournament by the WBF, however it will not be
seen once every 4 years to give way to the
Olympics Game.

September 24, 2006 – A General Meeting in

Madrid was held and it was decided to adopt
the new name which is Badminton World
Federation since member nations expanded to
160.

Badminton was introduced in the Philippines in

1920 by the British and American expatriates.
1989 – The Suderman Cup, a gender mixed
International team event begun. To win the
title, the team must perform well across 5
disciplines – Men’s Singles/Doubles, and Mixed
Doubles.

1992 – Badminton had its debut at Barcelona

Olympic Game with 4 events – Singles for
Men/Woman, Doubles for Men/Woman.

1996 – Atlanta Olympic Games had 5 events

with the additional of Mixed Doubles.

1980’s – Fidel V. Ramos (Pres. Of PBA) selected

Filipino players to be sent to China for a
scientific training to represent a team in the
Southeast Asian Games in 1981 and for the
Thomas Cup in 1984 in which our country is the
host.

1992 – First Uber Cup participation

1995 – Australian International Championship,

Weena Lim and Kennie Asuncion was the first
entry in the Ladies Doubles and won the Gold
Medal

1996 – Weena Lim and Kennie Asuncion

participated in the Atlantic Olympics and
qualify in the Olympics.

1997 – SEA Games held in Jakarta, Weena Lime

and Keena Asuncion won the first Bronze in
Woman’s Doubles.

1998 – Uber Cup-Woman’s Doubles won the

Championship.

1977–2001 – Medals were divided to China,

Korea, Denmark, Indonesia and Malaysia.
FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT
COURT: 61 Meter (length) by 13.4 Meter (total
width) or 44 feet by 20 feet
Short Service Area – 6’6” length from the net
Service Court (right/left) – 8’6” length from the
short service line
Long Service Area – 2’6” from the service court
Alley – narrow strip of the court (sides) 1’6”
Boundary Lines – 40mm wide (white paint)

OFFICIAL BADMINTON COURT

Badminton Courts are the rectangular

surfaces used for the racket sport of
badminton. divided in half by a center
badminton net, courts are usually marked for
both singles or doubles games with boundary
widths varying between the two match types.
Badminton courts should be surfaced with safe
flooring materials for gameplay, that include
wood, synthetic, and rubber flooring options.
Badminton Courts have a length of 44’
(13.4 m), but double courts are 20’ (6.1 m)
wide while single courts are reduced to 17’
(5.18 m); shrinking by 1.5’ (.46 m) on both sides.
Service courts are split by a center line dividing
the width of the court and are set back from
the net by a ‘short service line’ of 6.5’ (1.98 m).
Doubles games also require a ‘long service line’
that is placed 2.5’ (.76 m) in from the back
boundary. Clearances of 2’ (.61 m) should be
providing around the entire badminton court.
NET:
Height – 1.524 Meter (Center) 1.55 Meter (side)
Mesh of the net: not less than 15mm not more
than 20mm
Horizontal bond: 75mm (top of the net)

Height: 5’1” | 1.55 m

Width: 20’ | 6.1 m

The Badminton Net is the central

gameplay element in a game of Badminton,
requiring players to return the shuttlecock
from one side of the court to the other during
the match. Made taut by the use of weighted
tension poles on the outside edges of the
badminton court, the badminton net is
allowed to sag slightly in the center of the span.
Unlike other sport nets that require the poles
to be installed permanently, badminton nets
are often mobile and can be moved and setup
quickly when ready for play. Variations of
badminton nets come in polyethylene, nylon,
and vinyl.
Badminton Nets span the entire 20’ (6.1
m) width of the court and are placed over the
doubles sidelines, even when singles games
are played. The net has a height of 5’1” (1.55
m) at the edges and sags slightly at the center
resulting in a height of 5’ (1.52 m). Badminton
nets are split into a 1:1 ratio with a 30’ (76 cm)
opening below the mesh and an equal surface
above.
RACKET:
70 – 105 grams
680 mm length
230 mm width of the head

*any weght, size and shape*

A Badminton Racket is a piece of sports

equipment that has a handled frame with an open
hoop with a network of strings stretched tightly. It
is used to strike a shuttlecock in a Badminton
match. Modern rackets are made of carbon fiber
composite, which is stiff, has a good strength to
weight ratio, and gives good kinetic energy
transfer. Prior to the use of carbon fiber
composite, Badminton Rackets were made of
wood. While a Badminton Racket’s size and shape
are limited by standards, there is a wide variety of
racket designs, and different rackets have playing
characteristics that appeal to different players.

Badminton Rackets have an overall length

of 26.18”-26.77” (665-680 mm), head width from
8.66”-9.06” (220-230 mm), and a handle diameter
of 1” (25.4 mm). The mass of a modern Badminton
Racket is between 2.46-3.35 oz (70-95 g).
SHUTTLECOCK:
4.75 – 5.50 grams
16 feathers
62 – 70mm from the tip to the top of the base
58 mm – 68mm tip of the feather (circle)
Base – 25mm – 28mm in diameter and
rounded on the bottom
Green – Slow Speed
Blue – Middle Speed
Red – Fast Speed

Badminton Shuttlecocks have a head

diameter of .98”-1.1” (25-28 mm) and increase
to an overall feather diameter between 2.28”-
2.68” (58-68 mm). The overall length of a
shuttlecock varies from 3.35”-3.75” (85-95 mm)
and is dependent on the lengths of the
feathers and the height of the head. The mass
of a Badminton Shuttlecock is
between .167-.194 oz (4.75-5.5 g).
The shuttlecock is an aerodynamic
conical projectile that will fly through the air
with the cork end first upon hitting it.
 A Badminton Shuttlecock, also called a
bird or a birdie, is a high-drag projectile used in
the sport of Badminton. The open conical
shape is formed by feathers, or a synthetic
alternative, and embedded into a rounded
cork or rubber base. Synthetic Shuttlecocks are
referred to as plastics, and feathered
Shuttlecocks are called feathers. There are 16
or so overlapping feathers, and it is preferable
to use feathers from right or left wings, and to
not mix feathers from different wings. This
shape makes the Shuttlecock aerodynamically
stable, and regardless of the initial orientation,
the Shuttlecock will turn to fly cork first.

Basic Skills:
• Service – must be hit in an upwards
direction, with an underarm hitting
action.

A Badminton Serve is how the shuttle is

put into play. Serves are different in badminton
for singles and doubles play. They can be
executed so the opponent cannot smash the
shuttle, or they can be used to keep the
opponent on the move. A Badminton Serve can
be performed using two different methods, a
high serve and a low serve. A high serve is
executed when the player wants the shuttle to
land at the back end of the court, and a low
serve is used when the player wants the shuttle
to land in front of the court, in front of the
opponent.
• Forehand Strokes – strokes are hit
with front of the hand leading the
shuttlecock.

A Badminton Backhand stroke is when

the player hits the shuttle with their backhand
area when the shuttle is in mid-air above the
head. The swinging pattern is very different
from tennis or squash. It is a very difficult skill
to master, and many badminton players find it
difficult to execute strong backhands. It is a
defensive shot that is played when the player
is not in a position to play a forehand shot. The
purpose of the shot is to get the shuttle over
the opponent’s head and force them as close
to the rear court.

• Backhand Strokes – strokes are hit

with the back of the hand (like
hitting with the knuckles.
 A Badminton Forehand stroke is any shot
performed during the game with a forehand
grip. They are done on the racket side of a body.
A right-handed player would perform the shot
on the right side of the body, and a left-handed
player would perform the shot on the left side
of the body. Further, all the shots that are hit
on top of the body will be forehand strokes.
Forehand shots are the most powerful shots of
any payer, and they are the most common type
of shot on the back of the court.

• Footwork – Management of the

feet or the stance.

• Stance – The Badminton Stance is the

defensive position that a player should
perform when waiting on their opponent(s)
return. Though the badminton stance is a
relatively neutral position, the proper stance
is a ready and engaged position with bent
legs for quick reactions to whatever may
come your way. By having a ready stance,
players can react more quickly and with
more power to their opponent's hits. To
perform a proper badminton stance, the
body should be turned to face the
opponents side for the court with the non-
racket leg forward and legs at a shoulder
width apart.
SHOT:
1. Drop shot – Hitting the shuttlecock
softly downward into opponent’s
court.

The Badminton Drop Shot is a strategically soft

hit that returns the shuttlecock within the
opponent's forecourt area. Drop shots are
commonly used to score on your opponent
when they are positioned deep in their
backcourt and would be unable to react to a
shallow shot that is positioned close to the net.
Regardless of if the opponent can return a drop
shot, the shot itself often has the effect of
forcing them out of position and sets the player
up for another well placed shot. Practicing
both slow and fast drop shots are key to
deceiving your badminton opponent and
varying the speed of the volley.

2. Clear or Lob Shot – Hit to Travel the

full length of the court.
3. Round the Head Shot – Hitting the
shuttlecock on the offhand side of
the arm holding the racket.
4. Smash – Hitting the shuttlecock
sharply downward attempting to
win a rally.
 A Badminton Smash is an offensive shot
that is executed from the rear court; it travels
downwards to the opponent’s side. It can be
played both on the forehand and backhand
sides. The player hits the shuttle overhead with
all the tempo downwards. The non-racket
hand should be raised and pointed above the
chin for an angled shot, and the weight of the
player is shifted to the rear foot for balance. A
Badminton Smash is considered to be the most
potent of all badminton shots, and there is
almost no defense against a well-executed
smash.

Strokes/Shot depends on how near the

shuttlecock is to the net, whether about
net height and where is the opponent’s
position.

TYPES OF SERVICE
1. Low Serve – play gently over the net,
land at the front of the opponent
service receiving area.
2. High Serve – powerful upward stroke
where the shuttle travel very high and
fall at the back of the receiver’s court.
3. Flick – upward stroke but more
shallow than high server.
4. Drive – Flat fast stroke passing low
over the net and fall at the back of the
receiver’s court.
 TEMINOLOGY
1. Alley – narrow strip of the court on
both side for doubles.
2. Back Alley – Area between the back
boundary line and the long service
line (backcourt).
3. Balk – Any deceptive movement
that disconcerts an opponent
before or during the service.
4. Carry – An illegal tactic also called a
sling or throw in which the shuttle
is caught or held on the racket and
then slung during the execution of
the stroke.
5. Fault – A violation of the playing
rules either in serving, receiving or
during play.
6. Flick – A quick wrist and forearm
rotation that surprises an opponent
by changing an apparently soft shot
into a faster passing one used
primarily on the serve and at the
net.
7. Backcourt – In the area of the back
boundary line.
8. Forecourt – Between the net and
the short service line.
9. Midcourt – halfway between the
net and the back boundary line.
10. Center or Base Position –
Center of the court to which a
singles player tries to return after
each line.
11. Center Line – Line
perpendicular to the net that
separates the R/L service court.
12. Hairpin Net Shot – a shot
made from below and very close to
the net with a shuttle rising just
clearing the net then dropping
sharply in the other side of the
opponent’s court.
13. Half-Court Shot – a shot hit
low and to the midcourt, this is
effective in doubles against up and
back formation.
 14. Kill – Fast downward shot
that cannot be returned “put away”.
15. Let – A legitimate cessation of
the play allow a rally to be replayed.
16. Match - A series of game to
determine a winner.
17. Net Shot – A hit from the
forecourt that just clears the net
and then falls rapidly.
18. Rally – Exchange of shots
while the shuttle I sin play.
19. Service Court – Area to which
the service must be delivered,
different for Singles/Doubles.
20. Short Service Line – The line
6 ½ feet from the net which a serve
must be reach to be legal.
21. Smash – Hard-hit overhead
shot that forces the shuttle sharply
downward . Primary attacking
stroke.
22. Wood Shot – Shot where the
base of the shuttle is hit by the
frame, once illegal. Rule accepted
by the WBF in 1963.
23. Long Service Line – 2 ½ inside
the back boundary line. Service in
doubles, must not go this line.
24. Drive – A fast flat shot
horizontally net height.

SERVICE:
1. The server and the receiver shall
stand within diagonally service
court without touching the
boundary line of the court.
2. On completion of the backward
movement of the server’s racket,
the service shall be delivered
without undue delay.
3. Some part of both feet of the server
and the receiver shall remain
contact on the ground, in stationary
position from the start of the
service until it is delivered.
4. The server’s racket shall initially hit
the base of the shuttle.
 5. The whole of the shuttle shall be
below the server’s wrist during the
service.
6. The shaft of the racket shall be
pointing downward direction the
moment the shuttle is hit from the
service.
7. In attempting to serve, the server
shall not miss the shuttle.
8. The server shall not serve before
the receiver is ready, however, the
receiver shall be considered to have
been ready if a return of the service
is attempted.

SCORING:
1. The side winning a rally shall add a
point to its score. A side shall win a
rally, if the opposing side commits a
“fault” or the shuttle ceases to be in
play because it touches the surface
of the court inside the opponent’s
court.
2. A Match shall consist of the best of
three games, unless the otherwise
arranged.
3. A game shall be won by the side
which first scores 21.
4. If the score becomes 20-all, the side
which gains 2 points, shall win the
game.
5. If the score becomes 29-all, the side
scoring the 30th point shall win the
game.
6. The side winning the game shall
serve next in the next game.
CHANGE OF ENDS: Players shall change
ends:
1. At the end of the first game
2. At the end of the second game, if
there is a third game;
3. In the third game when a side first
scores 11 points.

SINGLES: Serving and Receiving courts.

1. Player shall serve from and receive
in their respective “right courts”
 when the server has not scored or
has scored “Even No.” of point.
2. Player shall serve from and receive
in their respective “left courts”
when the server scored “Odd No.”
of point.
3. In a rally, the shuttle may be hit by
players alternately in any position.

DOUBLES: Serving and Receiving courts.

1. Players of the serving side shall
serve from the “Right” service court
if the server has not scored a point
or scored “Even No.” and shall
serve on the “Left” serve court if
the server scored “Odd No.” of
points in the game.
2. Player who serve last shall stay in
the same court from where he
served last.
3. Service in any turn of serving shall
be delivered from the service court
corresponding to the serving side’s
score.
4. In rally, the shuttle may be hit by
either player of the
serving/receiving side alternately
from any position until the shuttle
ceases to be in play.
5. No player shall serve or receive out
of turn or receive two consecutive
service in the same game.
6. Either player of the winning side
may serve first in the next game
and either player of the losing side
may receive first in the next game.

LETS: “Let” shall be called by the umpire to

halt play if:
1. Server serves before the receiver is
ready ;
2. During service, the server and
receiver are both faulted;
3. After the service is returned, the
shuttle is caught or remains
suspended on top;
 4. During play, the shuttle
disintegrates and base completely
separates;
5. Player of the opposing side is
distracted by a coach;
6. A line judge is unsighted and the
umpire is to make decision;
7. Any unforeseen accidental
situation has occurred;

GAME INTERVALS:
1. Not exceeding 120 seconds
between the first and second game
and between the second and third
game shall be allowed in all
matches.
2. Not exceeding 60 seconds during
each game when the leading score
reaches 11 points.

FAULTS: It shall be a “fault” if:

1. A service is not correct;
2. In service, the shuttle is caught in
the net and remain suspended;
3. Is hit by the receiver’s partner;
4. In play, the shuttle lands outside
the boundaries of the court;
5. Fails to pass over the net;
6. Touches the ceiling or side wall, any
objects outside the court;
7. Touches the person or dress of a
player;
8. Shuttle is caught in the racket and
then slung;
9. A shuttle is hit twice in succession
by the same player;
10. A player touches the net, its
support with racket, person or
dress.
11. Invades an opponent’s court
with racket except s follow through;
12. Invades an opponent’s court
under the net with a racket or
person such that an opponent is
obstructed or distracted;
13. Distracts an opponent by any
action shouting or making gestures;
ADVICE AND LEAVING THE COURT:
1. Only when the shuttle is not in play
shall a player be permitted to
receive advice during a match.
2. No player shall leave the court
during a match without the
umpire’s permission, except during
intervals.

THE UMPIRE SHALL BE ADMINISTERING ANY

BREACH OF LAW BY:
1. Issuing a warning to the offending
side;
2. Faulting the offending side, if
previously warned two (2) such
faults shall be considered to be
persistent offence;
3. Or in cases of flagrant, the umpire
may fault the offending side and
immediately report to the Referee
who is the overall charge of the
tournament and have the power to
disqualify the offending side from
the match.