1

FALL 2020

Osama bin
Adnan
ID# 024-
18-19646
Qualitative
Research
Method
Thursday
6:30-9:30
PM
Final
Exam
2020-21
 2 Q#01: Assume that you have been engaged in an academic Research Project along with your
3 Supervisor at university. The initiative is taken to build Industry-Academia linkages that will
4 mutually benefit both the parties in the long run. The objective of the Research Project is to
5 identify the registration issues and solutions experienced by Pharmaceutical companies based in
6 Karachi. In this relevance, your task is to collect first-hand information by conducting interviews
7 with the Compliance Officer(s) of the renowned pharmaceutical companies.
8 Keeping in view the above scenario, develop an Interview Guide having at least ten open –ended
9 questions.
10
11 Answer # 01
12 Interview guide is a Performa that helps the interviewer structure an interview. It provides the
13 interviewer a base to follow and what rationale can be expected from the interviews.
14 The interview tool is a source of primary data collection under research methodology. It gives the
15 first hand information directly from the source and helps in analyzing the situation in real life
16 scenarios.
17 The following interview structure could be included in order to do the research on the registration
18 issues and solutions experienced by Pharmaceutical companies based in Karachi:
19
20 Questions
21 1. Tell me about yourself?
22 2. What are the criteria to get register yourself under drug regulatory authority of Pakistan?
23 3. What would be your point of views about the registration issues a Karachi based
24 Pharmaceutical companies could face?
25 4. Drug regulatory authority of Pakistan (DRAP) has introduces CTD (Common Technical
26 Documentation) system for registration of pharmaceutical companies and their product?
27 What your take on it?
28 5. Under the CTD format, all types of communication including applying of registration of
29 product, issuance of licenses would be held online through email system. Do you think it
30 make the registration process much easier, reliable and flexible?
31 6. How the registration process of pharmaceutical products is different in Pakistan especially
32 in Karachi than other part of the world?
33 7. What are improvement that could be done in the process of registration?
34 8. What are consequence, if the registration board of DRAP is not satisfied to the safety,
35 efficacy, quality or economic value of the drug?
36 9. What are the power of registration board which influences registration process under rules
37 of DRAP ordinance 1976?
38 10. What is the duration of registration certificate under the law of DRAP?
39 11. What is the procedure of registration under rule 26 of drug ordinance 1976?
40 12. What is the solution you experienced in your pharmaceutical company registration in
41 Karachi??
42 13. What are the other solutions you recommend, which alleviating the issues of registration?
43 14. How is your pharmaceutical company holding up in the market?
44 15. Any message you want to give those pharmaceutical companies who are struggling in their
45 registration process?
46
47
48 Q#02: Do the initial coding and focus/selective coding of the following interview transcripts.
49 Develop two themes in a table and explain the themes in paragraph form using relevant quotations
50 from the transcripts.
51
52 The following extracts are from the transcripts of interviews conducted as part of a qualitative
53 study investigating the perceptions of university students about a virtual learning system (VLE)
54 newly implemented in the university to help students download lectures, submit assignments and
55 take quizzes online through the VLE website. (I: Interviewer R: Respondent)
56
57 Answer # 02
58
59 Transcript of Respondent One’s Interview
60
61 I: Describe your overall experience of using VLE at University?
62 R.1: My overall experience of using VLE at University is not that too long, because VLE
63 has just launched before 2, 3 months and I have used VLE for my course assignment and it
64 was good using VLE because it is new experience of using VLE.
65
66 I: What are the general advantages of using VLE?
67 R.1: The general advantages of using VLE is that you can submit your assignments online
68 at a particular website of the University and by using VLE you let to know about different
69 applications of University website and you can submit your assignments and quizzes and
70 whatever you want to submit their and like the most beneficially of using VLE is that you
71 did not submitted to your teachers by going one by one or by giving papers to teachers you
72 can professionally submitted online. You can download lectures of your teachers from the
73 website too. Quizzes are also done online by some teachers now.
74
75 I: What are the disadvantages of using VLE?
76 R.1: The disadvantages of using VLE I found while submitting my assignment was that it
77 is too time consuming if 1 hour has been given to submit your assignment so after 1 hour
78 you cannot submit the assignment because VLE assignment submission option stops so this
79 is the most disadvantage of using VLE I faced and so whenever I submitting my
80 assignments I found very disadvantage like the time limit was too short like if you are 1
81 minute late so you cannot submit your assignments. Internet problem also makes
82 sometimes using VLE very difficult, and the assignments are not submitted on time. And
83 some teachers also don’t put the lectures on VLE. It is also a problem.
84 I: What are the challenges of using VLE?
85 R.1: The challenges I faced after using VLE for the first time was that I was not able to
86 found the option of submitting the assignments. I found it very hard I did not know how to
87 use VLE so due to challenges once I was also late in submitting my assignments because I
88 did not know where to find the options and I found it very hard at once.
89
90 Transcript of Respondent Two’s Interview
91
92 I: Describe your overall experience of using VLE at University?
93 R.2: Well, it’s a great experience VLE has changed a life and make it easy for us being a
94 student to access file assignment and pictures.
 95
96 I: What are the general advantages of using VLE?
97 R.2: There are many advantage like you can access your lecture if you are not able to take
98 your lecture through file server u can access when teachers upload them on VLE u can
99 easily access them. what I have say problem during Exams I missed lectures I could not
100 access file server as labs were very busy so VLE make my life easily to access whenever I
101 need them. Submitting assignments to the teachers is also easy now, because now I can
102 submit my assignments from my home too. I do not need to come to university and meet
103 the teacher for this work.
104
105 I: What are the disadvantages of using VLE?
106 R.2: Well, I have observed that some teachers are not uploading lectures on time and may
107 be they are not IT lovers or maybe they are many possibilities that why they are not up to
108 date so that the problem I have thought that their lectures were available VLE but
109 sometimes I was disappointed.
110
111 I: What are the challenges of using VLE?
112 R.2: Of course, its net based, so we have to depend on net to access VLE, and sometimes
113 net is not working. Sometimes wrong password creates the problem, whenever the
114 password is not correct you cannot access VLE. Another thing is that sometimes, a teacher
115 does not upload the lecture so it’s a challenge to access.
116
117 Transcript of Respondent Three’s Interview
118
119 I: Describe your overall experience of using VLE at University?
120 R.3: My overall experience of using VLE was quite good; it’s very convenient as it can be
121 accessed from anywhere.
122
123 I: What are the general advantages of using VLE?
124 R.3: General advantages of using VLE can be that all the course materials become
125 accessible to the students automatically just by logging in, otherwise students had to access
126 fileserver than teachers folder than copy all the files in USB, it was a long procedure. Due
127 to VLE is has become very easy. Assignments are now online too. So I am happy that I can
128 submit assignments anytime now, from anywhere. Test are now also conducted online, so
129 even if I am absent from class now, I will not miss the test and will not lose marks.
130
131 I: What are the disadvantages of using VLE?
132 R.3: The disadvantage of using VLE is that the slow internet sometimes when students are
133 using VLE for their online quizzes. As VLE is online, if the teachers take online quizzes
134 and the internet speed gets slow at that time, it can get in the way of students’ good marks.
135
136 I: What are the challenges of using VLE?
137 R.3: For challenges, I must say, VLE is new in University so, some facilitators do not put
138 the slides there, so sometimes it is hard for students to access their slides they need to go
139 labs and download their required slides so, VLE is serving best in its way but all facilitators
140 should upload on it to make it easier for students to access their chapters.
141
Inte
Line Questi
rvie Initial Code Selective Code Themes
No. on No.
wee
Highly accessible Technological
R1 63 1 Recently introduced to VLE and convenient advancement in new
learning system normal
Teacher and student
Students needs
development
R1 64 1 Accessible and convenient appropriate program of VLE is
guidance the need of the hour
Connectivity issues
R1 68 2 Digital era of studies
are relevant
70- Facilitates a nonstop Teachers requires
R1 2  
71 educational process IT assistances
Short limited time offer for
R1 78 3    
assignment submission
Browsing and net
R1 82 3 connectivity problem is also    
an issue
Lectures uploading and
R1 84 3 availability is an issue from    
teachers
86- Students discomfort with
R1 4    
87 the technology
87- Lack of information
R1 4    
88 regarding VLE
VLE make our life easier
R2 94 1    
and increase accessibility
Accessibility is the essence
R2 98 2    
of inclusive education
Submission of assignment
R2 103 2    
from home
Lack of timing uploading of
R2 107 3    
lectures
IT challenges in Electronic
R2 108 3    
learning environment
Internet disruption during
R2 113 4    
using VLE
Teacher does not upload
R2 116 4    
lecture timely
Very convenient and access
R3 121 1    
from anywhere
Accessibility of course
R3 126 2    
material
R3 130 2 Digitalization of education    
Internet connectivity is a
R3 133 3    
major issue
 Some teachers do not
R3 139 4    
upload relevant material
Timely upload of course
R3 140 4    
material is a challenge
142
143 Explanation of Themes:
144
145 1) Technological Advancement in new normal:
146
147 Since mid-March, almost every individual around the world has been studying from home—
148 from primary school children to university students to professionals concentrating on
149 continuing education through Webinar or we can say that through Virtual Learning
150 Environment (VLE) due to the pandemic situation. VLE is a web based platform which help
151 student to stay connected with teachers, studies. Basically it is a software used via internet to
152 deliver lectures to student.
153 In this question we interviewed 3 individual to get response about the software’s advantage,
154 disadvantage and what challenges they are facing during using it.
155
156 Respondent 01 said line number 63-64 that he has used VLE in course assignment and it was
157 good using VLE because it is new experience of using VLE. In line 70-71 he shared
158 advantages of using VLE with us he said that you can submit your assignments online at a
159 particular website of the University and by using VLE you let to know about different
160 applications of University website and you can submit your assignments and quizzes and
161 whatever you want to submit their and like the most beneficially of using VLE.
162 Respondent 02 said in line number 94 he has a great experience, VLE has changed a life and
163 make it easy for us being a student to access file assignment and pictures. Furthermore he
164 elaborate line number 98 to 100 that he can access his lecture if he is not able to take his lecture
165 through file server he can access when teachers upload them on VLE. What he has say problem
166 during Exams ‘I missed lectures I could not access file server as labs were very busy so VLE
167 make my life easily to access whenever I need them’
168 Respondent 03 also expressed same sort of happiness and relief, he said in line number 125 to
169 130 that general advantages of using VLE can be that all the course materials become
170 accessible to the students automatically just by logging in, otherwise students had to access
171 fileserver than teachers folder than copy all the files in USB, it was a long procedure. Due to
172 VLE is has become very easy. Assignments are now online too. So I am happy that I can
173 submit assignments anytime now, from anywhere. Test are now also conducted online, so even
174 if I am absent from class now, I will not miss the test and will not lose marks.
175
176 2) Teacher and Student development program of VLE is the need of the
177 hour:
178
179 VLE changed the learning culture of entire world, and introduce the world to a digitalization
180 era during pandemic, these virtual learning environment call for a change in learner attitude.
181 The teacher and learner need to be trained in handling of the new media. In our recent
182 interview with different respondents, few of those pointing out about the on time availability of
183 lecture, file uploading issue are constantly coming from teacher ends, obviously it’s not
184 deliberate from teachers but they need to understand that the proper training program of VLE is
185 the need of an hour for student and teachers. Few responses of interviewee are follow
186
187 Respondent 01: In line # 84 he said that some teachers also don’t put the lectures on VLE. It is
188 also a problem, he also said in line (Q 4 line 2 and 3) that ‘I was not able to found the option of
189 submitting the assignments. I found it very hard I did not know how to use VLE’
190 Respondent 02: In line # 107 to 110 he also said that “I have observed that some teachers are
191 not uploading lectures on time and may be they are not IT lovers or maybe they are many
192 possibilities that why they are not up to date so that the problem I have thought that their
193 lectures were available VLE but sometimes I was disappointed.”
194 Respondent 03: In line # 139 to 141 also said that “some facilitators do not put the slides
195 there, so sometimes it is hard for students to access their slides they need to go labs and
196 download their required slides so, VLE is serving best in its way but all facilitators should
197 upload on it to make it easier for students to access their chapters.”
198 So the overall situation is not good for both teacher and students, they both need training and
199
200 development program to strengthen their skills.