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Ecd Lab Report 5

This document describes an experiment on using a BJT as a current mirror. The objectives are to build and simulate BJT current mirrors on Proteus. Equipment includes an oscilloscope, function generator, transistors, resistors, and capacitors. The document explains that a current mirror copies a current through one active device by controlling the current in another device, keeping the output current constant regardless of loading. It describes building a basic BJT current mirror circuit and using an LM394 supermatched transistor pair. Students are instructed to simulate the circuit on Proteus and measure the output current and voltage to analyze the current mirror functionality.

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Saqib Ali
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66 views

Ecd Lab Report 5

This document describes an experiment on using a BJT as a current mirror. The objectives are to build and simulate BJT current mirrors on Proteus. Equipment includes an oscilloscope, function generator, transistors, resistors, and capacitors. The document explains that a current mirror copies a current through one active device by controlling the current in another device, keeping the output current constant regardless of loading. It describes building a basic BJT current mirror circuit and using an LM394 supermatched transistor pair. Students are instructed to simulate the circuit on Proteus and measure the output current and voltage to analyze the current mirror functionality.

Uploaded by

Saqib Ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Air University, Islamabad

Department of Electrical Engineering


Electric Circuit Design Lab

Name: Saqib Ali 180535


Syed Ahmad Hassan 180561 BEEP -4-A
Muhammad Uzair Ali 180511

LAB #05
BJT AS A CURRENT MIRROR

OBJECTIVES
Following are the desired outcomes of our experiment:
I. To build and investigate the functionality of BJT current mirror.
II. Simulation of the desired circuits on proteus.

EQUIPMENT
I. Oscilloscope
II. Function Generator
III. Transistor (BJT)
IV. Resistors
V. Capacitors
VI. Digital Multimeter

ABOUT THE EXPERIMENT


A current mirror is a circuit designed to copy a current through one active device by controlling the current in
another active device of a circuit, keeping the output current constant regardless of loading. The current being
'copied' can be, and sometimes is, a varying signal current. Conceptually, an ideal current mirror is simply an ideal
current amplifier. The current mirror is used to provide bias currents and active loads to circuits. Biasing in
integrated circuit design is based on the use of constant current sources. On an IC chip with a number of amplifier
stages a constant DC current (called a reference current) is generated at one location and is then replicated at various
other locations for biasing the various amplifier stages through a process known as current steering. This approach
has the advantage that the effort expended on generating a predictable and stable reference current usually utilizing a
precision resistor external to the chip need not be repeated for every amplifier stage furthermore the bias currents of
the various stages track each other in case of changes in power-supplies voltage or in temperature.

(i) Basic BJT Current Mirror:


In BJTs:
(1) The non-zero base current of BJT (or, equivalently, the finite β) causes an error in the current transfer ratio of the
bipolar ratio.
(2) The current transfer ratio is determined by the relative areas of emitter- base junction of Q1 and Q2. Let us first
consider the case when β is sufficiently high so that we can neglect the base currents. The reference current IREF is
passed through the diode connected transistor Q1 and thus establishes a corresponding voltage VBE, which in turn is
applied between base and emitter of Q2. Now if Q2 is matched to Q1 or more specifically, if the EBJ area of Q2 is
the same as that of Q1 and thus Q2 has the same scale current Is as Q1, then the collector current of Q2 will be equal
to that of Q1. That is:
Io = IREF
For this to happen, however, Q2 must be operating in the active mode, which in turn is achieved so long as the
collector voltage Vo is 0.3 V or so higher than that of the emitter. To obtain a current transfer ratio other than unity,
say m, we simply arrange that the area of the EBJ of Q2 is m times that of Q1. In this case,
Io = mIREF

(ii)LM394 Supermatch Pair:


The LM194 and LM394 are junction isolated ultra-well matched monolithic NPN transistor pairs with an order of magnitude
improvement in matching over conventional transistor pairs.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
PROCEURE

(i) We Make the connections on the Proteus as shown in figure above.


(ii) Then we apply VCC = 12 V.
(iii) We Use the super matched pair LM394.
(iv) Now with the help of DMM, measure the output current and output voltage.

Where,

VCC = 12V RL = 1Kω RREF = 1kΩ

PROTEUS SIMULATIONS BY 180535(Saqib Ali)

PROTEUS SIMULATIONS BY 180571(Syed Ahmad Hassan)


PROTEUS SIMULATIONS BY 180511(Mohammad Uzair Ali)
CONCLUSION:
The advantages of a current mirror are: low input impedance makes the input current insensitive to the output
impedance of the input source. high output impedance makes the output current insensitive to the impedance of the
output load. inversion of sources to sinks or sinks to sources.

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