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    AM Detection With Automatic Gain Control: C M H D D

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    Priya Anand
    The document describes a circuit to demodulate an AM signal and extract an automatic gain control (AGC) signal. It uses a diode envelope detector followed by a low-pass RC filter to remove the carrier frequency and output the message signal. This filter also produces a DC voltage proportional to signal strength, which is used as the AGC signal. A delayed AGC circuit is also described, which only applies the AGC signal once the signal strength reaches a threshold to prevent gain reduction for weak signals. The document provides design calculations and values for the low-pass filters to separate the message signal and AGC signal.

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    AM Detection With Automatic Gain Control: C M H D D

    Uploaded by

    Priya Anand
    140 views2 pages
    The document describes a circuit to demodulate an AM signal and extract an automatic gain control (AGC) signal. It uses a diode envelope detector followed by a low-pass RC filter to remove the carrier frequency and output the message signal. This filter also produces a DC voltage proportional to signal strength, which is used as the AGC signal. A delayed AGC circuit is also described, which only applies the AGC signal once the signal strength reaches a threshold to prevent gain reduction for weak signals. The document provides design calculations and values for the low-pass filters to separate the message signal and AGC signal.

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    AGC

    Original Title

    AGC

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    The document describes a circuit to demodulate an AM signal and extract an automatic gain control (AGC) signal. It uses a diode envelope detector followed by a low-pass RC filter to remove the carrier frequency and output the message signal. This filter also produces a DC voltage proportional to signal strength, which is used as the AGC signal. A delayed AGC circuit is also described, which only applies the AGC signal once the signal strength reaches a threshold to prevent gain reduction for weak signals. The document provides design calculations and values for the low-pass filters to separate the message signal and AGC signal.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    140 views2 pages

    AM Detection With Automatic Gain Control: C M H D D

    Uploaded by

    Priya Anand
    The document describes a circuit to demodulate an AM signal and extract an automatic gain control (AGC) signal. It uses a diode envelope detector followed by a low-pass RC filter to remove the carrier frequency and output the message signal. This filter also produces a DC voltage proportional to signal strength, which is used as the AGC signal. A delayed AGC circuit is also described, which only applies the AGC signal once the signal strength reaches a threshold to prevent gain reduction for weak signals. The document provides design calculations and values for the low-pass filters to separate the message signal and AGC signal.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    AM Detection with

    Automatic Gain Control


    Aim
    To demodulate the message content from AM signal. Also detect the automatic gain control signal from the
    received AM signal.

    Theory
    A simple AM demodulator is a diode envelope detector. It can be implemented by a simple diode envelope
    detector to eliminate the negative half of the carrier envelope followed by a simple RC filter to remove the high
    frequency carrier. The result will be the low frequency envelope which is the demodulated message. A point
    contact diode with low junction capacitance is used in the circuit as it is has to rectify high frequency carrier. It
    offers low impedence at high frequency. The RC elements connected after the diode acts as a filter. It acts as a
    lowpass filter which eliminates high frequency carrier at the same time it retains the low frequency message
    signal.Thus the output of the filter contains the low fequency modulating signalwith a dc offset. The dc offset
    voltage is proportional to the strength of the modulated signal received by the receiver in a transmission
    reception system, which inturn is proportional to the strength(amplitude) of the carrier. This dc value may be
    used for automatic gain control(AGC) of intermediate frequency(IF) amplifier stages. The Automatic gain
    control compensates for minor variations in the received RF signal level. The AGC circuit automatically
    increases the receiver gain for weak RF input levels and automatically decreases the receiver gain when strong
    RF signal is received.
    Simple AGC: It is implemented in the form of a circuit which extracts the dc offset voltage which is present
    along with the demodulated message. This volatge is fed as degenerative or negative feedback to the control the
    gain of superheterodyne receivers.

    Delayed AGC: In simple AGC circuits even if the signal level received is low, the AGC circuit operates and the
    overall gain of the receiver gets reduced. To avoid this situation, a delayed AGC circuit is used. In this case
    AGC bias voltage is not applied to amplifiers, until signal strength has reached a predetermined level after
    which AGC bias is applied like simple AGC.

    Design
    After the positive envelope detector, a properly designed low pass filter is added
    to filter out the high frequency carrier and to retain the low frequency modulating
    signal. This signal contains a dc level also which can be used for automatic
    Gain Control (AGC) for the IF amplifier stages of a superhetrodyne receiver.
    Let the carrier frequency be fc = 455 kHz and maximum modulating signal
    frequency be fm = 10 kHz
    Inorder to design a lowpass filter with upper cutoff frequency 10 kHz,
    fH =
    1
    2_RdCd
    (4.1)
    10 kHz =
    1
    2_RdCd
    (4.2)
    Select Cd = 0:001_F. Then Rd = 16:1kΩ. Choose Rd = 15kΩ or 22kΩ
    standard resistor values.
    Make a _ filter (for better performance) using these Rd and Cd values. This
    completes the envelope detector part.
    AGC Circuit: The AGC lowpass filter Ra and Ca is seected in such a way
    as to eliminate full ac from the output and get a pure dc AGC voltage. Hence
    assuming a cutoff frequency of 10 Hz to eliminte the fluctuations,
    10Hz =
    1
    2_RaCa
    (4.3)
    Assuming Ca = 1_F, we get Ra = 22kΩ
    The actual modulating signal can be obtained by filtering out the dc components
    using a high value caacitance like 10_F.
    Circuit Diagram
    The detector circuit with simple AGC is shown in Figure. 4.1.

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