1. Which real numbers are equal to their cubes?

0 , 1 , -1 are all equal to their respective cubes.

2. Write 4*10-2 as a decimal.

0.02

3. Write 0.12*10-3 as a decimal.

0.00012

4. Write 2 log3 x + log3 5 as a single logarithmic expression.

log3 x2 + log3 5 = log3(5x2)

5. Factor the algebraic expression 6x2 - 21xy + 8xz - 28yz.

3x(2x - 7y) + 4z(2x - 7y) = (2x - 7y)(3x + 4z)

6. Factor the algebraic expression (x - 1)2 - (y - 2)2.

[(x - 1)- (y - 2)][(x - 1)+ (y - 2)] = (x - y + 1)(x + y - 3)

7. Factor the algebraic expression x2 - z4.

(x + z2)(x - z2) = (x + z2)(x + z)(x - z)

8. Evaluate the algebraic expression |-2x - y + 3| for x = 3 and y = 5

|-2(3) - (5) + 3| = |-8| = 8

9. Simplify the algebraic expression -2(x - 3) + 4(-2x + 8)

-2x + 6 -8x + 32 = -10x + 38

10. Expand and simplify the algebraic expression (x + 3)(x - 3) - (-x - 9)

x2 - 9 + x + 9 = x2 + x

11. Which property is used to write a(x + y) = ax + ay

distributivity

12. Simplify 8 x3 / 2 x-3

 4 x6

13. Simplify (-a2b3)2(c2)0

a4b6

14. For what value of k is the point (-2, k) on the line with equation -3x + 3y =
4?

k = -2/3

15. For what value of a will the system given below have no solutions?

2x + 6y = -2
-3x + ay = 4

a = -9

16. Which equation best describes the relationship between x and y in this
table?

x y
0 -4
4 -20
-4 12
8 -36

A. y = - x/4 - 4
B. y = - x/4 + 4
C. y = - 4x - 4
D. y = - 4x + 4

C. y = - 4x - 4

17. Which equation best represents the area of the rectangle below?
 .

A. area = 2(x+1) + 2(x-1)

B. area = 4(x+1)(x-1)
C. area = 2x2
D. area = x2 - 1

D. area = (x + 1)(x - 1) = x2 - 1

18. Which line given by its equation below contains the points (1, -1) and (3,
5)?

A. -2y -6x = 0
B. 2y = 6x - 8
C. y = 3x + 4
D. y = -3x + 4

B. 2y = 6x - 8

19. Solve the equation 2|3x - 2| - 3 = 7.

solution set : {7/3 , -1}

20. Solve for x the equation (1/2)x2 + mx - 2 = 0.

solution set : {-m + sqrt(m2 + 4) , -m - sqrt(m2 + 4)}

21. For what values of k the equation -x2 + 2kx - 4 = 0 has one real solution?

k = 2 , k = -2

22. For what values of b the equation x2 - 4x + 4b = 0 has two real solutions?

all values of b less than 1

 23. Function f is described by the equation f (x) = -x2 + 7. What is the set of
values of f(x) corresponding to the set for the independent variable x given
by {1, 5, 7, 12}?

{6 , -18 , -42 , -137}

24. Find the length and width of a rectangle whose perimeter is equal to 160
cm and its length is equal to triple its width.

width = 20 cm and length = 60 cm

25. Simplify: |-x| + |3x| - |-2x| + 3|x|

|-x| + |3x| - |-2x| + 3|x| = 5|x|

26. If (x2 - y2) = 10 and (x + y) = 2, find x and y.

Grade 12 Math Word Problems with

Solutions and Answers
Grade 12 math word problems with detailed solutions are presented.

1. Two large and 1 small pumps can fill a swimming pool

in 4 hours. One large and 3 small pumps can also fill
the same swimming pool in 4 hours. How many hours
will it take 4 large and 2 small pumps to fill the
swimming pool.(We assume that all large pumps are
similar and all small pumps are also similar.)

2. Find all sides of a right triangle whose perimeter is

equal to 60 cm and its area is equal to 150 square cm.

3. A circle of center (-3 , -2) passes through the points (0 ,

-6) and (a , 0). Find a.
4. Find the equation of the tangent at ( 0 , 2) to the circle
with equation

(x + 2)2 + (y + 1)2 = 13

5. An examination consists of three parts. In part A, a

student must answer 2 of 3 questions. In part B, a
student must answer 6 of 8 questions and in part C, a
student must answer all questions. How many choices
of questions does the student have?

6. Solve for x

x2 - 3|x - 2| - 4x = - 6

7. The right triangle ABC shown below is inscribed inside

a parabola. Point B is also the maximum point of the
parabola (vertex) and point C is the x intercept of the
parabola. If the equation of the parabola is given by y =
-x2 + 4x + C, find C so that the area of the triangle ABC
is equal to 32 square units.

.
8. The triangle bounded by the lines y = 0, y = 2x and y = -
0.5x + k, with k positive, is equal to 80 square units.
Find k.

9. A parabola has two x intercepts at (-2 , 0) and (3 , 0)

and passes through the point (5 , 10). Find the equation
of this parabola.

10. When the polynomial P(x) = x3 + 3x2 -2Ax + 3, where A

is a constant, is divided by x2 + 1 we get a remainder
equal to -5x. Find A.

11. When divided by x - 1, the polynomial P(x) = x5 + 2x3

+Ax + B, where A and B are constants, the remainder is
equal to 2. When P(x) is divided by x + 3, the remainder
is equal -314. Find A and B.

12. Find all points of intersections of the 2 circles defined by

the equations

(x - 2)2 + (y - 2)2 = 4

(x - 1)2 + (y - 1)2 = 4

13. If 200 is added to a positive integer I, the result is a

square number. If 276 is added to to the same integer I,
another square number is obtained. Find I.

14. The sum of the first three terms of a geometric

sequence is equal to 42. The sum of the squares of the
same terms is equal to 1092. Find the three terms of the
sequence.
15. A rock is dropped into a water well and it travels
approximately 16t2 in t seconds. If the splash is heard
3.5 seconds later and the speed of sound is 1087
feet/second, what is the height of the well?

16. Two boats on opposite banks of a river start moving

towards each other. They first pass each other 1400
meters from one bank. They each continue to the
opposite bank, immediately turn around and start back
to the other bank. When they pass each other a second
time, they are 600 meters from the other bank. We
assume that each boat travels at a constant speed all
along the journey. Find the width of the river?

17. Find the constants a and b so that all the 4 lines whose
equation are given by

x + y = -1
-x + 3y = -11
ax + by = 4
2ax - by = 2

18. pass through the same point.

19.
20. Find the area of the right triangle shown below.
 .

21. It takes pump A 2 hours less time that pump B to empty

a swimming pool. Pump A is started at 8:00 a.m. and
pump B is started at 10:00 a.m. At 12:00 p.m. 60% of
the pool is empty when pump B broke down. How much
time after 12:00 p.m. would it take pump A to empty the
pool?

22. The number of pupils in school A is equal to half the

number of pupils in school B. The ratio of the boys in
school A and the boys in school B is 1:3 and the ratio of
the girls in school A and the girls in school B is 3:5. The
number of boys in school B is 200 higher than the
number of boys in school A. Find the number of boys
and girls in each school.
 Solutions to the Above Questions
1.
A. Let R and r the rate of work of the large and the
small pumps respectively
B. 4(2R + r) = 1 : 2 large and 1 small work for 4
hours to do 1 job
C. 4(R + 3r) = 1 : 1 large and 3 small work for 4
hours to do 1 job
D. T(4R + 4r) = 1 : Find time T if 4 large and 4 small
are to do one job.
E. Solve for R and r the system of first two
equations then sustitute in the third and solve for
T to find the time. T = 5/3 hours = 1 hour 40
minutes.

2.
A. x + y + H = 60 : perimeter , x, y and H be the two
legs and the hypotenuse of the right triangle
B. (1/2)xy = 150 : area
C. x2 + y2 = H2: Pythagora's theorem.
D. 3 equations with 3 unknowns.
E. (x + y)2 - 2xy = H2 : completing the square in the
third equation.
F. x + y = 60 - H : express x + y using the first
equation and use the second equation to find xy
= 300 and substitute in equation 5.
G. (60 - H)2 - 600 = H2 : one equation with one
unknown.
H. Solve for H to find H = 25 cm. Substitute and
solve for x and y to find x = 15 cm and y = 20 cm.

3.
A. sqrt((-6 + 2)2 + (0 + 3)2) = (a + 3)2 + (0 + 2)2 :
distances from center to any point on the circle
are equal to the radius.
B. a = -3 + sqrt(21) , a = -3 - sqrt(21) : solve for a
and find two solutions.
4.
A. (-2 , -1) : center of circle
B. m = (2 - -1) / (0 - -2) = 3 / 2 : slope of line through
the center and the point of tangency (0 , 2)
C. The line through the center and the point of
tangency (0 , 2) is perpendicular to the tangent.
D. M = -2 / 3 : slope of tangent
E. y = -(2/3)x + 2 : equation of tangent given its
slope and point (0 , 2).

5.
A. C2 * 8C6 * 1 = 84 : Use of fundamental theorem
3
of counting

6.
A. x2 - 3|x - 2| - 4x = - 6 : given
B. Let Y = x - 2 which gives x = Y + 2
C. (Y + 2)2 - 3|Y| - 4(Y + 2) = - 6 : substitute in
above equation
D. Y2 - 3|Y| + 2 = 0
E. Y2 = |Y|2 : note
F. |Y|2 - 3|Y| + 2 = 0 : rewrite equation as
G. (|Y| - 2)(|Y| - 1) = 0
H. |Y| = 2 , |Y| = 1 : solve for |Y|
I. Y = 2, -2 , 1 , -1 : solve for Y
J. x = 4 , 0 , 3 , 1 : solve for x using x = Y + 2.

7.
A. h = -b / 2a = 2 : x coordinate of the vertex of the
parabola
B. k = -(2)2 + 4(2) + C = 4 + C : y coordinate of
vertex
C. x = (2 + sqrt(4 + C)) , x = (2 - sqrt(4 + C)) : the
two x intercepts of the parabola.
D. length of BA = k = 4 + C
E. length of AC = 2 + sqrt(4 + C) - 2 = sqrt(4 + C)
F. area = (1/2)BA * AC = (1/2) (4 + C) * sqrt(4 + C)
G. (1/2) (4 + C) * sqrt(4 + C) = 32 : area is equal to
32
 H. C = 12 : solve above for C.

8.

A. A(0,0) , B(2k/5 , 4k/5) , C(2k ,0) : points of

intersection of the 3 points of intersection of the 3
lines
B. (1/2) * (4k/5) * (2k) = 80 : area given
C. k = 10 : solve the above equation for k , k
positive is a given condition.

9.
A. y = a(x + 2)(x - 3) : equation of the parbola in
factored form
B. 10 = a(5 + 2)(5 - 2) : (5 , 10) is a point on the
graph of the parabola and therefore satisfies the
equation of the parabola.
C. a = 5/7: solve the above equation for a.

10.
A. Divide x(3 + 3x2 -2Ax + 3) by (x2 + 1) to obtain a
remainder = -x(1 + 2A)
B. -x(1 + 2A) = 5x : remainder given
C. -(1 + 2A) = 5 : polynomials are equal if they
 corresponding coefficient area equal.
D. A = -3

11.
A. P(1) = 15 + 2(13) +A*(1) + B = 2 : remainder
theorem
B. P(-3) = (-3)5 + 2(-3)3 +A*(-3) + B = -314
C. A = 4 and B = -5 : solve the above systems of
equations.

12.
A. x2 - 4x + 2 + y2 - 4y + 2 = 4 : expand equation of
first circle
B. x2 - 2x + 1 + y2 - 2y + 1 = 4 : expand equation of
second circle
C. -2x - 2y - 6 = 0 : subtract the left and right terms
of the above equations
D. y = 3 - x : solve the above for y.
E. 2x2 - 6x + 1 = 0 : substitute y by 3 - x in the first
equation, expand and group like terms.
F. (3/2 + sqrt(7)/2 , 3/2 - sqrt(7)/2) , (3/2 - sqrt(7)/2 ,
3/2 + sqrt(7)/2) : solve the above for x and use y
= 3 - x to find y.

13.
A. I + 200 = A2 : 200 added to I (unknown integer)
gives a square.
B. I + 276 = B2 : 276 added to I (unknown integer)
gives another square.
C. B2 = A2 + 76 : eliminate I from the two equations.
D. add squares A2 (0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25,...) to 76 till you
obtain another square B2.
E. 76 + 182 = 400 = 202
F. A2 = 182 and B2 = 202
G. I = A2 - 200 = 124

14.
A. sum1 = a + a r + a r2 = 42: the sum of the three
 terms given, r is the common ratio.
B. sum2 = a2 + a2r2 + ar2r4 = 1092: the sum of the
squares of the three terms given .
C. sum1 = a + ar + ar2 = a(r3 - 1) / (r - 1) = 42 : apply
formula for a finite sum of geometric series.
D. sum2 = a2 + a2r2 + ar2r4 = a2(r6 - 1) / (r2 - 1) =
1092: the sum of squares is a also a sum of
geometric series.
E. sum2/sum12 = 1092 / 422 = [ a2(r6 - 1)/(r2 - 1)] /
[a2(r3 - 1)2 / (r - 1)2]
F. (r2 - r + 1) / (r2 + r + 1) = 1092 / 422
G. r = 4 , r = 1/4 : solve for r
H. a = 2 : substitute r = 4 and solve for a
I. a = 32 : substitute r = 1/4 and solve for a
J. a = 2 , ar = 8 , ar2 = 32 : find the three terms for r
=4
K. a = 32 , ar = 8 , ar2 = 2 : find the three terms for r
= 1/4

15.
A. T1 + T2 = 3.5 : T1 time for the rock to reach
bottom of well and T2 time for the sound to reach
the top of the well.
B. 16 * T12 = 1087 * T2 : same distance which the
height of the well.
C. T2 = 3.5 - T1 : solve for T2
D. 16 * T12 = 1087 * (3.5 - T1)
E. T1 = 3.34 seconds
F. Height = 16 * (3.34)2 = 178 feet (to the nearest
unit)

16.
 .

A. S1*t1 = 1400 : S1 speed of boat 1, t1 : time to do

1400 meters(boat 1)
B. 1400 + S2*t1 = X : S2 speed of boat 2
C. S1*t2 = X + 600 : t2 time to do X + 600 (boat 2)
D. S2*t2 = 2X - 600
E. S1 = 1400/t1
F. S2 = (X-1400)/t1
G. T = t2/t1 : definition
H. substitute S1, S2 and t2/t1 using the above
expressions in equations 3 and 4 to obtain
I. 1400*T = X + 600
J. X*T - 1400*T = 2X - 600 : 2 equations 2
unknowns
K. Eliminate T and solve for X to obtain X = 3600
meters.

17.
A. solve the system of the first two equations to
obtain the solution (2 , -3)
B. The above solution is also a solution to the last
two equations.
C. a(2) + b(-3) = 4
D. 2a(2) - b(-3) = 2
E. a = 1 and b = -2/3 : solution to the above system
of equations.
 Geometry Problems with Solutions
and Answers for Grade 12
Grade 12 geometry problems with detailed solutions are presented.

1. In the triangle ABC sides AB and CB have equal lengths

and the measure of angle ABC is equal to 36 degrees.
What is the measure of angle BOC where O is the center
of the circle?

2. Circles C1 and C2 have equal radii and are tangent to

that same line L. Circle C3 is tangent to C1 and C2. x is
the distance between the between the centers of C1 and
C2. Find the distance h, from the center of C3 to line L, in
terms of x and the radii of the three circles.
 .

3. All three circles are tangent to the same line and to each
other. Circles C2 and C3 have equal radii. Find the radius
of C2 if the radius of C1 is equal to 10 cm.

4. CD is parallel to AB and the measure of angle t is equal

to 90 degrees. Find the area of the circle in terms of x.
 .

5. The shaded region below is the common area to four

semicircles whose diamters are the sides of the square
with side length 4x. Find the area of the shaded region in
terms of x.

6. The two circles below are concentric (have same circle).

The length of the chord tangent to the smaller circle is
equal to 20 mm. What is the area of the ring (shaded
area) between the two circles?
 .

7. Find a, b and c so that the quadrilateral is a

parallelogram with area equal to 80 square units.

8. A right triangle is shown below. Find the lengths x, y and

z.
 .

9. A rectangle is shown below. Find the length x.

10. The two circles below have equal radii of 4 units each
and the distance between their centers is 6 units. Find
the area of the shaded region.
 .

Solutions to the Above Problems

1.
A. measure of angle BAC = (180 - 36)/2 = 72 degres
: isosceles triangle
B. measure of angle BOC = 2 * measure of angle
BAC = 144 degrees : inscribed angle and central
angle intercepting the same arc.

2.
A. Let R1, R2 and R3 be the radii of circles C1, C2
and C3 respectively with R1 = R2 = R
B. h = C3O + R
C. C3O2 + (x/2)2 = (R + R3)2 : Pythagora's theorem
applied to triangle C3OC1.
D. h = R + C3O = R + sqrt[ (R + R3)2 - (x/2)2 ]
 .

3.
4.
A. Let r, R2 and R3 be the radii of circles C1, C2 and
C3 respectively with R2 = R3 = R
B. (r + R)2 = R2 + (R - r)2 : Pythagora's theorem
applied to triangle MC1C3
C. R = 4r = 40 cm : expand and solve for R.

5.
6.
A. The measure of angle BtA is equal to 90 degrees :
vertical angles
B. AB is the diameter of the circle : converse of
Thales theorem
 C. triangles BtA and CtD are similar : CD parallel to
AB
D. 3/5 = AB/x : corresponding sides proportional.
E. AB = 3x/5 : solve for AB
F. radius = AB/2 = 3x/10
G. area = Pi(3x/10)2 = 0.09 Pi x2

7.
A. The square below has side length 2x, half of the
given square. Part of this is shaded and the other
part is not shaded. Let us find the area of the non
shaded part (white). The shaded part is a quarter
of a disk (circle).
B. area of non shaded area = (2x)2 - (1/4) Pi (2x)2
C. If we go back to the given shape in problem 5, the
area of the non shaded part is 8 times the non
shaded area in the present shape which was
calculated above.
D. area of shaded part in shape of problem 5 = total
area of square - total non shaded area = (4x)2 - 8*[
(2x)2 - (1/4) Pi (2x)2 ]
E. = 16x2(Pi/2 - 1)

8.
9.
A. R2 = r2 + 102 : Pythagora's theorem
B. Pi(R2 - r2) = 100 Pi : area of ring
 .

10.
11.
A. The area of a parallelogram may be calculated
using the cross product of vectors AB and AD as
follows.
B. area = |AB x AD| where AB and AD are 3-
dimensional vectors.
C. vector AB = <4 , b + 2 , 0> : set third component to
zero since the given shape is 2-dimensional.
D. vector AD = <6 , 4 , 0>
E. |<4 , b + 2 , 0> x <6 , 4 , 0>| = 80 : modulus of
cross product is equal to area
F. |4 - 6b| = 80
G. b = 14 and b = -38/3 : we select the solution b =
14 since point B(2,b) is in quadrant I.
H. Since ABCD is a parallelogram, vector AB =
vector DC
I. Vector AB = <4 , 16 , 0>
J. vector DC =
K. c - 4 = 4 and d - 2 = 16 : If two vectors are equal
their corresponding components area equal.
L. c = 8 and d = 18 : solve the above equations.

12.
A. y2 + z2 = 122 : Pythagora's theorem
B. x2 + z2 = 92 : Pythagora's theorem
C. (y + x)2 = 122 + 92 : Pythagora's theorem
D. x + y = 15 : Solve equation C by extracting the
square root
E. y2 - x2 = 63 : subtracting equations A and B
F. (y - x)(y + x) = 63 : factoring the left term of
equation E.
 G. y - x = 21/5
H. x = 27/5 , y = 48/5 and z = 36/5 : solve the system
made up of equations D and G.

13.
A. Split the given rectangle into 4 other rectangles as
shown.
B. a2 + c2 = 42 : Pythagora's theorem applied to top
left right triangle.
C. b2 + c2 = x2 : Pythagora's theorem applied to
bottom left right triangle.
D. b2 + d2 = 52 : Pythagora's theorem applied to
bottom right right triangle.
E. a2 + d2 = 62 : Pythagora's theorem applied to
bottom right right triangle.
F. a2 - b2 = 42 - x2 : subtract equations B and C.
G. a2 - b2 = 62 - 52 : subtract equations D and E.
H. 42 - x2 = 62 - 52 : combine equations F and G.
I. x = sqrt(5) : solve above equation for x.

14.
15.
A. Because of symmetry, the shaded region may be
considered as made up of two equal (in area)
regions. The area of the left half of the shaded
region is given by the area of the sector BOC
minus the area of the triangle BOC.
B. length of OM = 3 (by symmetry) since distance
between centers is 6, and radius r = 4.
 C. Let t be the measure of angle BOM.
D. cos(t) = OM/OB = 3/4 , t = arccos(3/4) : using right
triangle BOM.
E. area of sector BOC = (1/2)(2t)r2
F. area of triangle BOC = (1/2)sin(2t)r2
G. area of shaded region = 2 [ (1/2)(2t)r2 -
(1/2)sin(2t)r2 ]
H. = [2t - sin(2t)] r2 = 7.25 square units (rounded to 3
decimal places)

16.