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1 Deep Inelastic Scattering Kinematics: 1.1 Conventions and Basic Relations

This document discusses kinematics in deep inelastic scattering. It defines key variables like the momentum transfer Q2, Bjorken scaling variable x, and fractional energy transfer y. Expressions are given for these variables in terms of both lepton variables like the scattered lepton energy and angle, and hadron variables like the scattered hadron energy and angle.

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Li MengMeng
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37 views3 pages

1 Deep Inelastic Scattering Kinematics: 1.1 Conventions and Basic Relations

This document discusses kinematics in deep inelastic scattering. It defines key variables like the momentum transfer Q2, Bjorken scaling variable x, and fractional energy transfer y. Expressions are given for these variables in terms of both lepton variables like the scattered lepton energy and angle, and hadron variables like the scattered hadron energy and angle.

Uploaded by

Li MengMeng
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1 Deep Inelastic Scattering Kinematics

1.1 Conventions and Basic Relations


We choose the direction of the hadron beam as the +z direction, with the
lepton beam traveling in the opposite direction. The initial hadron and
electron energies are Eh and E` , respectively. The scattering angle of the
lepton is denoted by θ (θ = π for the initial lepton direction), and the angle
of the final state hadronic system is denoted by γ (γ = 0 for the initial hadron
direction). We denote the momentum four-vectors of the initial lepton and
the inital hadron as k and P , respectively, and the scattered four-momenta
as k 0 and P 0 . The final state energies of the lepton and hadronic system are
denote E`0 and Ermh0
, respectively.
The squared center-of-mass energy, s, is given by:

s = 4E` Eh (1)

The negative squared four-momentum transferred in deep inelastic scat-


tering (DIS) between the lepton and hadron is

Q2 ≡ −q 2 = −(k − k 0 )2 = sxy (2)

where x is the Bjorken scaling variable and y is the fractional energy transfer
from the lepton, defined as:
Q2
x= (3)
2P · q
P ·q
y= (4)
P ·k

1.2 Lepton Variables


The DIS variables using the scattered lepton variables are given by:

Q2 = 2E` E`0 (1 + cos θ) (5)

E`0
y =1− (1 − cos θ) (6)
2E`
The variable x can be found from Eq.(2).

1
An expression for Q2 as a function of x based on the scattered lepton
energy E`0 can be found by solving for cos θ in Eq.(5) and plugging into
Eq.(6), then using Eq.(2):
1 − E`0 /E`
Q2 = 1 (7)
sx
− 4E1 2
`

Likewise, an expression for Q2 as a function of x based on the scattered


lepton angle θ can be found by solving for E`0 in Eq.(5) and plugging into
plugging into Eq.(6), then using Eq.(2):
s
Q2 = 1 Eh 1−cos θ (8)
x
+ (
E` 1+cos θ
)

1.3 Hadron variables


The DIS variables using the scattered hadronic variables are given by:
Eh02 sin2 γ
Q2 = (9)
1−y
Eh0
y= (1 − cos γ) (10)
2E`
These variables can be found from the measured hadronic energy flow via
the Jacquet-Blondel method:
( i pT,i )2
P
2
Q = (11)
1−y
P
(Eh,i − pz,i )
y= i (12)
2E`
In other words, P
pT,i
sin γ = i 0 (13)
Eh
The variable x can be found from Eq.(2).
An expression for Q2 as a function of x based on the scattered hadron
energy Eh0 can be found by solving for cos γ in Eq.(10) and plugging into
Eq.(9), expanding out sin2 γ = (1 + cos γ)(1 − cos γ), then using Eq.(2):
Eh0
sx (1 − x Eh
)
Q2 = E`
(14)
(1 − x Eh
)

2
Likewise, an expression for Q2 as a function of x based on the scattered
hadronic angle γ can be found by solving for Eh0 in Eq.(10) and plugging into
plugging into Eq.(9), then using Eq.(2):
sx
Q2 = 4E`2 (1+cos γ)
(15)
1+ sx (1−cos γ)

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