Exercise 1

A tensile test specimen having a diameter of 0.505 in and a gauge length of 2 in was tested to
fracture load and deformation data obtained during the test were as follows;

Load (lb) Change in length (in) Load (lb) Change in length (in)
0 0 12,600 0.0600
2,200 0.0008 13,200 0.0800
4,300 0.0016 13,900 0.1200
6,400 0.0024 14,300 0.1600
8,200 0.0032 14,500 0.2000
8,600 0.004 14,600 0.2400
8,800 0.0048 14,500 0.2800
9,200 0.0064 14,400 0.3200
9,500 0.0080 14,300 0.3600
9,600 0.0096 13,800 0.4000
10,600 0.02 13,000 0.4125(Fracture)
11,800 0.04

(a) Make a table of stress and strain and plot the stress-strain diagram.
(b) Determine the modulus of elasticity
(c) Determine the ultimate strength d. Determine the yield strength
(d) Determine the fracture stress
(e) Determine the true fracture stress if the final diameter of the specimen at the location of
the fracture was 0.425 inch.

Exercise 2
Tensile testing was performed on three different materials. Each test sample had a diameter of
0.5 in and a gauge length of 2.25 in. Test data is recorded in the following table;
Test data Material #1 Material #2 Material #3
Load at yield point (lb) 5880 7840 7840
Elongation at yield(in) 0.0038 0.0034 0.01
Max; Load (lb) 8036 11760 8836
Elongation at Max; Load(in) 0.005 0.25 0.2
Load at fracture (lb) 7900 9200 8100
Elongation at fracture(in) 0.0055 0.5 0.35

(a) Using the test data, calculate each materials yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and
elastic modulus.
(b) On the same set axes, plot stress-strain diagram for each material.

Exercise 3
As an EO, you have been asked to build a support for a 500 gallons fuel tank at a forward

refueling point. (ρfuel =1,616 lbs2/ft4). When empty, the tank weight 200lb. To enable proper
fueling of vehicles. The bottom of the tank must be supported by 4 legs. Calculate the minimum
cross-sectional area of each leg if the legs are made out of:

(a) Mild (1018) steel: E = 30 x 106 Psi, σy = 29,000 Psi

(b) Aluminum alloy: E = 10.4 x 106 Psi, σy = 40,000 Psi

(c) HY-80 steel: E = 30 x 106 Psi, σy = 80,000 Psi.

Exercise 4
A long wire, ½ in diameter is hanging vertically in air under its own weight. What is the greatest
possible length of wire may have without yielding if the wire is made of;
(a) Steel having a yield stress of 40,000 psi and a weight density of 490 lb/ft3
(b) Aluminum having a yield stress of 20,000 psi and a density of 170 lb/ft3
(c) Copper, with a yield stress of 48,000 psi and density of 556 lb/ft3
Exercise 5
A ship berthing compartment is flooded 60% full with sea water. The compartment has the
following dimensions;
Length = 50 ft
Width = 40 ft
High = 12ft
The compartment deck is in danger of collapsing. To prevent collapse, you must shore the deck.
The only shoring material available is wood (E = 1.6 x 106 psi, σy = 4,500 psi)
(a) Calculate the total cross-sectional area of shoring required to support the deck. (neglect
the punch-through)
(b) If the only sharing available is 4 x 4 lamber, how many 4 x 4 lamber will be required to
support.

Exercise 6
A circular pipe stanchion has an outside diameter of 6 in and a wall thickness of ½ in. When
supporting a 50 LT load, the stanchion is 6.5 ft high. The stanchion is made of aluminum alloy

with the following properties: E = 10.4 x 106 Psi, σy = 30,000 Psi

(a) Calculate the stress in the stanchion. Is the stress tensile or compressive?
(b) Calculate the length of the stanchion prior to applying the 50 LT load.
(c) Calculate the max; weight that the stanchion can support without yielding. (1LT=2240lb)

Exercise 7
A steel column is being used to support a two stary building as shown below. The column stands
20ft high and has a cross-section as shown. The roof load at point ‘A’ is 70,000lb and the weight
of the first acts at point ‘B’.
(a) Neglecting the weight of the column, calculate the stress present at the base of the
column (point ‘C’)
(b) Neglecting the weight of the column, calculate the stress in the column of point ‘B’.
(c) If the column weighs 53 lb/ft. What is the stress at point ‘C’?
Exercise 8
An 80ft rectangular box-shaped barge is experiencing a uniformly distributed buoyant force of
4Lt/ft.
(a) Calculate the resultant buoyant force.
(b) At what point is the resultant buoyant force acting? Where is the point relative to the F.P?
(c) Assuming the barge is in static equilibrium, what is its displacement?

Exercise 9
An 80ft rectangular box-shaped barge is empiercing a uniformly distributed buoyant force of
4LT/ft.
(a) Calculate the resultant buoyant force.
(b) At what point is the resultant buoyant force acting? Where is the point relative to the FP?
(c) Assuming the barge is in the static equilibrium, what is its displacement?

Exercise 10
A loaded box-shaped barge has the following weight distribution. The barge is 120ft in length.

5 LT/ft

4 LT/ft

2 LT/ft 2 LT/ft

(a) Calculate the barge displacement.

(b) Redraw the barge with the uniformly distributed buoyant force that would be required to
place in static equilibrium.
(c) Use your answer in part(b) to draw the barge’s load diagram.
(d) At what location will the barge experience significant sheer stress?
(e) What longitudinal bending condition will the barge experience in still water.
Exercise 11
A rectangular box-shaped barge has the following dimensions; length = 300ft, Beam = 50ft, Draft
when empty = 5ft. The empty barge is then loaded with containers. The containers are loaded
as shown below.

9LT/ft 9LT/ft

8LT/ft

4LT/ft

70ft 80ft 80ft 70ft

(a) Calculate the barge displacement when empty

(b) Assuming the barge’s structure is homogeneous, calculate the distributed weight of the
empty barge.
(c) Calculate the barge’s displacement when loaded.
(d) Calculate the uniformly distributed buoyant force acting on a barge when the barge is
Loaded.
(e) Draw the barge’s load diagram.
(f) At what point will the barge experience significant shear stress?
(g) In calm water, what longitudinal bending condition will the barge experience? Specific
volume of F.W = 35.9 ft3/ton
Exercise 12
Box shaped barges have uniformly distributed buoyant force. Explain why destroyers do not
have distributed buoyant forces

Exercise 13
A 100ft long box-shaped barge is loaded with gravel as shown below:
The interior of the barge is uniformly loaded up to the deck. The combined weight of the barge’s
internal load and structure is 2LT/ft. Once the level of the deck is reached, the load varies linearly
to a maximum load of 12LT at amidships.
(a) Calculate the barge’s displacement
(b) Draw a diagram representing the barge’s displacement as a distribution force
(c) Calculate the barge’s distributed buoyant force
(d) Calculate and draw the barge’s load diagram
(e) At what points will the barge experience significant shear stress?
(f) What longitudinal bending condition will the barge experience in calm water?

Exercise 14
Sketch a section of a ship whose neutral axis is approximately 65% of the depth up from the
keel. Use elastic flexure formula to answer the following questions
(a) What is the magnitude of bending stress at the neutral axis?
(b) With the neutral axis located 65% of the depth from the keel, which portion of this section
will experience the greatest magnitude of bending stress?
(c) Draw a diagram showing how the magnitude of bending stress varies from the deck to
the keel. Assume the ship is in sagging condition.

Exercise 15
Compute area centroid, and moment of inertia of the plane areas shown below. Use the units
indicated for each problem.
 30in

15 in
1 in

6 in

40 ft

0.5” thickness
20 ft

2 ft

Exercise 16
The effective continuous longitudinal structure at the midship section of a vessel is shown below.
The maximum bending moment at this location are:
Maximum hogging moment : 80000LT-ft
Maximum sagging moment : 60000-ft
Calculate the section modulus of the vessel at this location and the bending stresses which the
above bending moment will produce.

40 ft

1 in
18 ft

0.08 ft

4 ft
Exercise 17
Consider a rectangular barge: L = 100ft, B = 25ft, D = 6ft, Tfwd = Taft = 2ft (empty)
The two center compartments are filled with fresh water to 30% capacity.
(i) Plot weight, buoyancy, load, shear force and bending moment curves
(ii) Plot the stress in the deck and the bottom if the moment of in inertia and height of
neutral axis are uniform over the length
INA = 480 in2-ft2
IDECK = 325ft
IKEEL = 2.75ft

Exercise 18
A rectangular barge has the following dimensions L = 210ft, L = 60ft, D = 20 ft 1 in
The barge is divided into 18 holds by two longitudinal bulkheads, at 20 ft spacing and five
transverse bulkheads at 35 ft spacings.

35 ft 35 ft 35 ft 35 ft 35 ft 35 ft

20 ft 1 in
210 ft

20 ft 20 ft 20 ft

#18 #15 #12 #9 #6 #3

#17 #14 #11 #8 #5 #2

#16 #13 #10 #7 #4 #1

60 ft

With no cargo on board the barge floats in saltwater at a draft of 2ft force and aft. Hold 1 through
6 and 13 through 18 are now filled to the top with petroleum products at 40 ft3/T. Hold 7 through
12 are left void. Note that the molded depth of tank is 20ft. Assuming the structural weight of
the barge is uniformly distributed.
Plot load, shear force, and bending moment curves.
(Graph scale; length 1” = 35’
Wt, buoyancy 1” = 10 T/ft
SF 1” = 500T
BM 1” = 10000 T ft)

20 ft 1 in
20 ft 20 ft 20 ft

A simplified midship section drawing of the barge is shown below.

(i) The barge is constructed of 0.5” thickness plate throughout. Find the height of neutral
axis above the base line (in feet and decimals ) and the section modulus of the deck and
bottom
(ii) Under extreme loading conditions and in a L/20 trochiodal wave it is calculated that the
barge would experience the following bending moments is
Hogging = 80000 T.ft
Sagging = 60000 T.ft
Find the stresses in the deck and bottom for each case and specify whether they are
tensile or compressive
(iii) A strength analysis indicates the barge will fail in tension at a critical stress of 12 T/in 2
and would fail in tension at a critical stress of 9T/in2.Determine whether or not failure will
occur in any mode.Find the factor of safety against failure in each mode.