Practical Research 1 Q1 M7

MODULE 7
It’s Literally Everywhere!

(Importance of Qualitative Research across Fields)
Hi there! I am so happy to have you back in our class.

Today is another fun and exciting time to learn new concepts and
to develop your skills in research.
In this module, you will learn the importance of qualitative research
across fields. So, let’s get started!
Specifically, after working on this module, you should be able to:
1. Illustrate the importance of qualitative research in the different fields of

discipline;
2. Identify the three basic research approaches.
Research studies take place in different fields of discipline like Anthropology,

Business, Communication, Education, Engineering, Law, and Nursing. These areas
of knowledge include huge number of research studies which mirror varied interests
of people. People working under these fields use one of the three basic research
approaches in conducting their studies: positive or scientific, naturalistic, and
triangulation or mixed method.
1. Positive or Scientific Approach
- focuses on measurable and observable facts rather than personal views,
feelings, or attitudes;
- is done through collecting data in a form of questionnaires or structured
interviews; these types of data are recorded in numerical or statistical forms
and are known as the quantitative data.
- can be used in researches under the hard sciences or STEM (Science,
Technology, Engineering, Medicine) and natural sciences (Biology, Physics,
Chemistry).
2. Naturalistic Approach
- data collected reflect personal views, attitudes, thoughts, emotions, and
other subjective traits of people in natural setting;
- pays attention to the discovery of the real concept or meaning behind
people’s lifestyles and social relations.
- uses verbal language (words) in presenting and analyzing things;
- is after qualitative data and is done through the use of unstructured
interviews and participant observations;
- can be used under the soft sciences like Anthropology, Business, Education,
Economics, Law, Politics, and all subjects aligned with Business and all
1
those focused on helping professions such as Nursing, Counselling,
Physical Therapy, and the like (Babbie 2013).
3. Triangulation/ Mixed Method
- a combination of the quantitative and qualitative research
- allows the mixture of research designs, data collection and data analysis
techniques used in the first two methods.
Three Main Methods of Data Collection:
1. Interactive Interviewing- people share and describe their experiences through
words (speaking)
2. Written descriptions by participant- people are asked to write description of
their experiences of phenomenon
3. Observation- descriptive observations of verbal and non-verbal behaviors
The table below shows the differences between quantitative research and
qualitative research and the areas of knowledge under them.
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

HARD SCIENCES SOFT SCIENCES
Studies natural data driven phenomenon Studies human behaviour in a scientific
manner
Objective Subjective
Tests Theory Develops Theory
Numbers Words
Cause and Effect Relationship Knowing meaning and discovery
Statistical Analysis and Generalizations Researcher’s interpretation
Examples: Examples:
➢ Biology ➢ Sociology
➢ Chemistry ➢ Psychology
➢ Physics ➢ Political Science
➢ Astronomy ➢ Economics
➢ Earth Science ➢ Anthropology
➢ History
➢ In Humanities, man’s social life is also subjected to research studies but

instead of focusing on man’s social life itself, it highlights the study of
meanings, significance, and visualization of human experiences in the fields
of Fine Arts, Literature, Music, Drama, Dance, and other art-related subjects.
HUMANISTIC CATEGORIES:
2
1. Literature And Art Criticism – with the use of well-chosen language
and appropriate organizational pattern, depends greatly on their interpretative
and reflective thinking in evaluating the object of their study critically.
2. Philosophical Research – the focus of inquiry is on knowledge and
principles of being and on the manner human beings conduct themselves on
earth.
3. Historical Research – focuses on events and ideas that took place in
man’s life at a particular period.

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MODULE 7

It’s Literally Everywhere!

Hi there! I am so happy to have you back in our class.

Specifically, after working on this module, you should be able to:

1. Illustrate the importance of qualitative research in the different fields of

Research studies take place in different fields of discipline like Anthropology,

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

➢ In Humanities, man’s social life is also subjected to research studies but

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